EPIDEMICS EXPLAINED
ACTIVE AND SHRAEWhat d yu knw abut epidemics? Tick（√）the statements that yu think are crrect.
□ An epidemic is the rapid spread f an infectius disease. □ An epidemic can affect a large number f peple in a given ppulatin. □ An epidemic can ccur within a shrt perid f time，usually tw weeks r less. □ An epidemic may spread t several cuntries r cntinents. □ Sme cmmn viruses，such as the cmmn cld，are nt epidemics. □ A new epidemic can be a different variatin f a virus that peple caught in the past.
READ AND EXPLORERead the passage. Find ut what an epidemic is and hw a disease can be classified as an epidemic. Then circle all the epidemics mentined in the passage.
bird flu，the 1918 Spanish Flu，The Black Death，SARS，the Ebla Virus Disease
Pair Wrk Read the passage again. Cmplete the table abut the epidemics mentined. Then chse ne disease t talk abut with a partner.
since 1997
mre than a hundred lives
500 — 550 CE
half the ppulatin
in the 1330s
Asia and Eurpe
1918 — the end f Wrld War Ⅰ
50 millin peple
2002 — 2003
China，Canada，Vietnam and Singapre
2013 — 2016
West Africa
mre than 11，310 deaths
Develping Cncepts Based n the Text Cncepts are nt always clearly defined in a text. Yu need t read and develp yur understanding·Read the text t get the general idea. · Identify all the infrmatin related t the cncept，e.g. examples，develpments， effects，etc. · Organise the infrmatin and explain the cncept frm different angles.
Skill Builder
Tick（√）the aspects f infrmatin that are mentined in the passage. Use a diagram t demnstrate in a lgical way hw they are rganised.
□ when epidemics started _______□ definitin _______□ examples f epidemics_______ □ when it ended_______ □ treatments _______ □ pssible causes f epidemics_______ □ baseline number f deaths f epidemics _______ □ pssible slutins _______
Grup Wrk Discuss the questins.
1.What are the main features f an epidemic? Give at least tw examples t illustrate yur pints.
The main features f an epidemic：（1 ）it is an infectius disease（2 ）it spreads rapidly t a large number f peple within a shrt perid f time（3 ）a certain number f deaths have ccurred frm the disease. The cmmn cld is nt an epidemic because while it affects many peple，it des nt cause deaths. SARS affected many peple and caused many deaths，s it is cnsidered an epidemic.
2.What shuld different cuntries d t prevent utbreaks f epidemics in the future? Why?
Cuntries will need t wrk tgether t d this because teamwrk amng natins acrss the glbe can save lives. This is a gd example f building a cmmunity with shared future fr mankind.
3.What des the title mean t yu? What des the writer want t cnvey in the passage?
The title means that the passage will explain questins abut epidemics. The writer wants t cnvey the infrmatin that we are always n ur way t find an explanatin t epidemics s as t find cure. It als implies that epidemics ccurred naturally and inevitably. We can nly explain it，and cannt prevent it r stp it cmpletely nw.
4.Wh d yu think the passage is written fr?
This is a ppular science article. It is mre likely t be written fr peple wh is interested in this tpic r wh has a lt f questins r misunderstanding f epidemics.
Cmplete these sentences in yur wn wrds.
1 Epidemics can be caused by...
Epidemics can be caused by a virus being carried int an area，r changes in the way peple live.
2 Diseases can nly be fficially classified as epidemics when...
Diseases can nly be fficially classified as epidemics when a baseline number f peple have died frm the disease.
3 The Spanish Flu spread wrldwide because...
The Spanish Flu spread wrldwide because sldiers and ther peple were mving and travelling arund the wrld after Wrld War Ⅰ.
4 Since the end f the SARS epidemic，scientists...
Since the end f the SARS epidemic，scientists have been ding experiments n treatments t prevent further utbreaks.
5 Cuntries need t wrk tgether t cnduct thrugh and systematic research because...
Cuntries need t wrk tgether t cnduct thrugh and systematic research because teamwrk amng natins acrss the glbe can save lives.
Phrasal Verbs（2）（The prepsitins and adverbs may be used mre than nce.） g_____________________________________________________. get_____________________________________________________. cme _____________________________________________________.
Talk Builder
at，ver，thrugh，away
Chse prepsitins r adverbs in the bx t make phrasal verbs with the three verbs in the Wrd Builder.
at，int，ver，thrugh，up，away
at，int，ver，up with，up， away
Then use the phrasal verbs t cmplete the fllwing sentences.
1　The medical expert asked a few questins t try t 　　　　 the truth. 2　Bks n epidemics 　　　　 the medicine sectin f the stre. 3　During this curse，we’ll 　　　　 the main causes f bird flu. 4　It tk him a week t 　　　　 the flu. 5　Has yur headache 　　　　 yet? 6　The price f this drug has 　　　　 twenty cents since August. 7　Are yu willing t stand by him and help him ___________this difficult time? 8　Jrdan has __________________sme creative ideas fr helping the sick.
cme up with
Ⅰ 閱讀理解（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案） What is an epidemic? It is an infectius disease. B. It is a disease that spreads rapidly. C. It is a disease that kills a great number f peple. D. It is an infectius disease that spreads rapidly. 2. Which f the fllwing statements is right abut an epidemic? A disease which causes deaths can be classified as an epidemic. B. A disease which spreads rapidly can be classified as an epidemic. C. Epidemics have been happening fr as lng as there have been peple living n Earth. D. Epidemics can nly be caused by a virus r bacteria.
3. Which f these diseases can be classified as an epidemic? A. Cmmn cld. B. SARS. C. Cancer. D. Cugh. 4. Why did the Spanish Flu spread wrldwide rapidly? A. The Wrld War Ⅰ speeded it. B. Peple ignred it at first. C. It struck befre Wrld War Ⅰ. D. The medical cnditin was pr. 5. In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Educatin. D. Science.
Ⅱ 語法填空（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容和語法規(guī)則完成短文） 　　An epidemic is an infectius disease that 1_________（rapid）spreads t a large number f peple within a shrt perid f time. Epidemics can be caused by several different 2　　　?。╢actr），such as a virus r bacteria. 　　One f the earliest 3　　　?。╮ecrd）epidemics happened between abut 500 and 550 CE. It killed clse t 50% f the ppulatin，4　　　?。╩ake）it ne f the reasns f the fall f the Rman Empire. In 5　 　　　 1330s，the epidemic knwn as“The Black Death” returned in Asia and spread t Eurpe. Centuries later in 1918，the Spanish Flu 6　　　?。╯trike）. In 2002，SARS began 7______　　　　 a case f lung disease in China. It spread t Canada，Vietnam and Singapre and lasted until 2003. Then in West Africa between 2013 and 2016，there was the mst widespread utbreak f the Ebla Virus Disease （EVD），8　　　　 killed ver 11，000 peple. 　　Gvernments wrldwide have underlined the fact that they need 9　　　?。╢ar）medical research n epidemics 10　　　?。╣et）at the causes and cme up with cures as sn as pssible. 　　　　
Language pints
教材原句p.58 A new epidemic can be a direcrent variatin f a virus that peple caught in the past. 一種新的流行病可能是過去人們感染的病毒的不同變種。1 variatin n. 變化物，變體；差異，變動The dial recrds very slight variatins in pressure. 該刻度盤能顯示很微小的壓力變化?！練w納拓展】 vary v. 變化；相異；改變vary 由……到……不等vary frm place t place 各地不同vary frm persn t persn 因人而異vary with the seasns 隨季節(jié)而變化vary in clur and size 色彩和大小各異
完成句子 （1） Our custms 　　　　　　　　　　　　 （各地不同）. 單句語法填空（2） Peple vary 　　　　 　 preference fr clur. （3） There’s n dubt that custms vary 　　　　 　 the times. （4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Take it easy! Jackets are available in 　　　　 ?。╲ary）clurs. （5）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Disneyland，a fantasy amusement park，which ffers a 　　 　 　 ?。╲ary）f attractins fr turists，brings yu int a magical wrld. （6） This sup is a spicy 　　　　 ?。╲ary）n a traditinal favurite.
vary frm place t place 　
教材原句p.58 Each disease can nly icially be classified as an epidemic... ……某種疾病才會被正式定性為流行病。2 classify vt. 將……分類；把……歸入一類be classified by/accrding t 根據(jù)……分類搭配be classified int 被分成…… be classified as 被劃分為…… All emplyees are classified accrding t cmpetence. 所有員工是按照能力分類的。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ These files are classified int three categries accrding t the cntents. 根據(jù)內(nèi)容，這些文件被分為三種類型。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
Only eleven f these accidents were classified as majr. 這些事故中只有十一例被判定為重大事故?！驹~語積累】 classificatin n. 分類；類別，等級【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】 -ify/-fy 為動詞后綴，表示“使得，變成”。simple → simplify vt. 簡化pure → purify vt. 凈化beautiful → beautify vt. 美化identity → identify vt. 認(rèn)出，識別
單句語法填空（1） It is required that the bks in the library shuld be 　　　　 ?。╟lassify）by different tpics. （2） Frm the classical class，the student with glasses knws the 　　　　 ?。╟lassify）f classics. （3） It means we have nt allwed urselves __________________（classify）as bjects. （4） The applicatin frm has nw been 　　　　 　 （simple）. 完成句子（5） Men in the pst ffice 　　　　　　　　 　　　　 　　?。ǜ鶕?jù)……將郵件分類） places it is t g. （6）We usually 　　　　 　 types f characters 　　　　 ?。ò选瓌澐譃椋ゞd and bad.
classificatin 　
t be classified
simplified 　
classify mail accrding t
教材原句p.58 S a very rare disease will have a lw baseline... 罕見疾病的基線很低…… 3 rare adj. 稀有的，罕見的，不常發(fā)生的a rare bk/cin/stamp 珍貴的書 / 硬幣 / 郵票 a rare breed/plant 珍稀物種 / 植物 It is rare fr the seaman t live such an easy life n land. 海員在陸地上過著如此安逸的生活是很少見的。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】 rare 的副詞形式為rarely，更多的情況下表示“很少，幾乎沒有”， 為接近否定意義的詞，置于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝。Rarely can I have time t glance the newspaper in the ffice. 我在辦公室里很少有時(shí)間瀏覽報(bào)紙。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
單句語法填空（1） It is rare 　　　　 ?。╢ind）such lyalty these days. （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］It was 　　　　 　 rare hnur t be made a fellw f the cllege. （3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The scientist absrbed himself in studies and 　　　　 ?。╮are）cared abut clthes and fd.
教材原句p.58 ppsed t mre cmmn diseases，such as the u，that have a higher baseline. ……與此相反， 常見疾病的基線較高，如流感。4 ppsed adj. 與某事物相反；反對某事物，不贊成某事物搭配：be ppsed t（ding）sth 反對（做）某事as ppsed t 與……截然相反；而，相對于 This exercise develps suppleness as ppsed t（= rather than） strength. 這項(xiàng)鍛煉不是增強(qiáng)力量，而是增強(qiáng)柔韌性的。I came up with a prpsal，and nbdy was ppsed t it. 我提出了一項(xiàng)建議，沒有人反對。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
He was ppsed/bjected t taking the risk f trying ut the new methd. 他反對冒險(xiǎn)試驗(yàn)這個(gè)新方法。I have never subscribed t the view that females are nt fit fr this kind f jb. 我向來不贊同女性不適合這種工作的觀點(diǎn)。
單句語法填空（1） Many lcal peple ppsed 　　　　 ?。╞uild）the new airprt. （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The majrity f members were ppsed 　　　　 　 my prpsal，which upset me greatly. （3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］We are strngly 　　　　 　（ppse） t racial prejudice. （4） There are 200 peple attended，as ppsed 　　　　 　 300 the previus year. （5）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］T tell the truth，I am strngly ppsed t 　　　　 　（clne）any kind f animals n matter what circumstances.
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（6） I was against the unfair judgement. → ______________________________________________________→ ______________________________________________________→ ______________________________________________________
I ppsed the unfair judgement.
I was ppsed t the unfair judgement.
I bjected t the unfair judgement.
原句p.58 The cmmn cld is a widespread virus that aects millins f peple... 普通感冒由一種廣泛傳播的病毒引起，可感染數(shù)百萬人…… 5 widespread adj. 分布廣的，廣泛流傳的；普遍的，廣泛的widespread damage 大面積的損壞 Widespread flds struck large areas f the village. 泛濫的洪水侵襲了這個(gè)村莊的大片區(qū)域。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ The gvernment acted quickly t relieve the widespread distress caused by the earthquake. 地震造成大范圍的災(zāi)難，政府迅速采取行動賑濟(jì)災(zāi)民。
完成句子（1） The high cst prhibits the 　　　　 　　　 　 　　?。◤V泛應(yīng)用）f the drug. （2） The plan received 　　　　　　　　 　?。ㄆ毡橹С郑﹖hrughut the cuntry. （3） The new laws gained 　　　　 　 　　　 ?。ㄆ毡檎J(rèn)同）. （4） This disease has 　　　　　　　　 　　　（廣泛的影響）in sme areas.
widespread use 　
widespread supprt
widespread acceptance 　
a widespread influence
教材原句p.58 Smith lks at the smetimes depressing histry f epidemics fr clues... ……吉姆·史密斯…… 在屢屢令人感到沮喪的流行病史中尋找線索…… 6 depressing adj. 令人沮喪的，讓人憂愁的a depressing sight/thught令人沮喪的景象 / 想法 The applicant has been depressing these days fr he was rejected mre than nce. 這名申請者這幾天一直很沮喪，因?yàn)樗讯啻伪痪芙^。 ［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 【詞語積累】 depress vt. 使沮喪；使蕭條 depressed adj. 沮喪的；蕭條的 depressin n. 沮喪；不景氣Hunger and cld can make peple feel depressed and lse cnfidence. 饑餓和寒冷能讓人感到沮喪，失去信心。He is depressed because he hasn’t built up his wn cmpany up t nw. 他很沮喪，因?yàn)樗两襁€沒有成立自己的公司。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 【溫馨提示】 跟其他-ed 和-ing 形式的形容詞一樣，depressed 修飾人的聲音、表情、感受等，而depressing 則修飾物。
單句語法填空（1） Hearing the 　　　　 　 news，he felt very 　　　　 　.（depress） （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］He went int a deep 　　　　 　 （depress）after he failed t cmfrt his friend. （3） He was nt satisfied with the summer camp because the whle experience was ____________（depress）. （4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］It struck me that I shuldn’t have been s 　　　　 ?。╠epress）fr such an unimprtant thing. （5） I can tell at first sight that he is mre than a little 　　　　 　（depress）by the failure.
depressed 　
depressing
教材原句p.59 as scientists wh have gne int detail studying tissue samples... 尤其是當(dāng)科學(xué)家們仔細(xì)研究了……組織樣本…… 7 g int detail 詳述，詳細(xì)敘述Alan desn’t g int detail abut hw they gt the passwrd. 艾倫沒有詳細(xì)說明他們是如何得到密碼的。We wn’t g int detail n this tpic in this article. 在本文中，我們不會詳細(xì)討論這個(gè)主題?！練w納拓展】 in detail 詳細(xì)地　　the detailed infrmatin 詳細(xì)的信息We’d better discuss everything in detail befre we wrk ut the plan. 在我們制訂計(jì)劃之前，我們最好詳細(xì)地討論每件事。
單句語法填空（1） Nw let’s g 　　　　 　 detail and take a clser lk at each f the trends presented abve. （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］We examine the wrding 　　　　 　 detail befre deciding n the final text. 完成句子（3） He desn’t 　　　　　　　　?。ㄔ斒觯゛but hw the stries happened.
g int detail
教材原句p.59 Scientists nw estimate that up t 50% f the area’s ppulatin died frm the epidemic... 現(xiàn)今科學(xué)家估計(jì)，發(fā)病區(qū)域多達(dá)50% 的人口死于這一流行病…… 8 estimate vt. & n. （1）n. 估計(jì)，計(jì)算I can give yu a rugh estimate f the amunt f wd yu will need. 我可以粗略估計(jì)一下你所需要的木材量。fficial gvernment estimates f traffic grwth ver the next decade 政府對今后十年交通增長的正式估計(jì)（2）vt. 估計(jì)，計(jì)算搭配：It is estimated that... 據(jù)估計(jì)…… It is estimated that the prject will last ten years. 據(jù)估計(jì)，這項(xiàng)工程將用時(shí)10 年。Plice estimate the crwd at 30，000. 警方估計(jì)聚集的人有 3 萬。 The deal is estimated t be wrth arund $1. 5 millin. 這筆交易估計(jì)價(jià)值150 萬美元左右。
【歸納拓展】 It is said that... 據(jù)說…… It is reprted that... 據(jù)報(bào)道…… It is annunced that... 據(jù)宣布…… It is hped that... 人們希望…… It is believed that... 人們相信…… It is suggested that... 有人建議…… It is cnsidered that... 有人認(rèn)為…… It is reprted that the bus cntaining 20 passengers crashed int the river due t the driver’s carelessness. 據(jù)報(bào)道，由于司機(jī)的粗心，一輛載有20 名乘客的公共汽車墜入河中。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】 以上結(jié)構(gòu)都可以改成“主語+ be + 過去分詞+ t d”結(jié)構(gòu)。
單句語法填空（1） It is hard 　　　　 ?。╡stimate）hw many children suffer frm dyslexia（誦讀困難）. （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］It 　　　　 ?。╡stimate）that half f the participants will be ppsed t the plan. （3） The sales figure f this mnth is estimated 　　　　 　（rise）by 15%. （4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］It 　　　　 ?。╯ay）that cmmunicating mre with yur children can prevent them frm depressin. （5）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The cnstructin wrk 　　　　 　 （estimate）t cmplete by the end f next mnth.
is estimated
is estimated
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（6） It is estimated（that）the prject will last fur years. → ______________________________________________________________→ ______________________________________________________________（7） It is said that the new Chinese panda cin is made up f 99.9％ gld. → ______________________________________________________________→ ______________________________________________________________
Peple estimate that the prject will last fur years.
The prject is estimated t last fur years.
Peple say that the new Chinese panda cin is made up f 99.9% gld.
The new Chinese panda cin is said t be made up f 99.9% gld.
教材原句p.59 ne visible symptm was black spts n the bdy. 由于患者身上會出現(xiàn)明顯的黑斑癥狀…… 9 visible adj. 看得見的The huse is clearly visible frm the beach. 從海灘可以清楚地看到那所房子?！驹~語積累】 invisible adj. 無形的，看不見的visibly adv. 明顯地；易察覺地The passwrd shuld be invisible t us. 密碼對我們來說應(yīng)該是不可見的。Walk the walk，and d it visibly，s thers can see what yu’re ding. 走自己的路，正大光明，所以別人才能夠看到你正在做的。
單句語法填空（1） I caught a glimpse f her in the crwd but sn she was 　　　　 ?。╲isible）. （2） He was very 　　　　 ?。╲isible）upset t hear f sme f the things that were tld in the Ryan Reprt and hw the children had suffered. （3） There are many stars invisible 　　　　 　 the naked eye. 完成句子（4） He shwed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （不露聲色）.
n visible sign f emtin
教材原句p.59 Families wh had nly just gt thrugh the war nw had t bury their lved nes... 剛剛熬過戰(zhàn)爭的人們現(xiàn)在不得不埋葬他們的親人…… 10 get thrugh （1）（設(shè)法）做完；完成；通過（測試等）；渡過（難關(guān)） It is estimated that we have gt thrugh half f the cnstructin f ur fence. 據(jù)估計(jì)，我們的籬笆工程已完成了一半。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ （2）設(shè)法聯(lián)系上（尤指打通電話） I’m afraid the phne is ut f rder and I can’t get thrugh. 恐怕電話出毛病了，我打不通。
【歸納拓展】 get acrss 被理解 get arund 傳播；流傳get ver 克服；控制 get alng with（和某人）和睦相處；進(jìn)展get in 進(jìn)入；收割 get n 進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步get away with 帶著……潛逃；做壞事而未受到懲罰get dwn t（ding）sth 開始認(rèn)真（做）某事He managed t get ver the pain f his chest and dialled the plice. 他終于克服了胸口的疼痛，給警察打了電話。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
單句語法填空（1） If we can get 　　　　 　 ur present difficulties，then everything shuld be in gd cnditin. （2） Anyway，we’re here nw，s let’s get dwn first 　　　　 　 sme cmplicated tasks. （3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The nly cmfrt fr him in these depressing days is that he has gt 　　　　 　___________his graduatin essay.（4） I’ve been trying t phne Charles all evening， but there must be smething wrng with the netwrk；I can’t seem t get 　　　　 　. （5）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The farmer was s absrbed in getting 　　　　 　 his crps that he didn’t ntice a snake winding in frnt f him.
11 bury vt. 埋葬，安葬；埋藏 搭配bury ne’s face/head in sth 把臉/ 頭埋在某物里面be buried in/bury neself in 埋頭于，專心于 She sat there，buried in thught.她坐在那兒，陷入了沉思。 She buried her face in her hands and began t cry. 她雙手掩面開始哭泣。He has buried himself in reciting English wrds since the winter vacatin began. =He has been buried in reciting English wrds since the winter vacatin began. 寒假一開始，他就埋頭于背英語單詞。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
The girl was sitting n a park bench，burying herself in/buried in/ absrbed in her bk. 女孩坐在公園的長椅上，專心致志地看書。Burying herself in the film，she didn’t knw it was snwing utside. 她埋頭看電影，不知道外面在下雪。
單句語法填空（1） The ld phts 　　　　 ?。╞ury）at the bttm f the suitcase reminded me f thse happy ld days. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 　　　　 ?。╞ury）in the fictin， the by has frgtten all arund him. = 　　　　?。╞ury）himself in the fictin， the by has frgtten all arund him. 完成句子（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　?。耦^于）the farm wrk， Tm didn’t ntice the eruptin ccur. （4） After the argument，she 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　 　　　?。▽Ｐ挠冢﹉er study.
Buried in/Burying himself in
was buried in/buried herself in/was absrbed in
教材原句p.59 As a result f the war，mre peple were travelling and mving perhaps than ever befre in histry... 戰(zhàn)爭引發(fā)的人口流動前所未有…… 12 as a result f 由于；作為……的結(jié)果The plan failed as a result f lack f finance. 這個(gè)計(jì)劃由于缺乏資金而失敗。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 【詞語辨析】as a result f 與 as a result as a result f“由于；作為……的結(jié)果”，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。as a result“因此，結(jié)果”，一般放在句首，后面常加逗號。
There is n dubt that his drunk driving resulted in the accident. 毫無疑問，他的酒駕導(dǎo)致了這次事故。
選詞填空（as a result/as a result f） （1） He had sme bad fish. 　　　　　　　　， he felt ill this mrning. （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］He can’t participate in the sprts meeting 　　　　　　　　 his serius injuries in an accident. 單句語法填空（3） His laziness resulted 　　　　 　 his failure； that is t say，his failure resulted _________his laziness. （4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］A lt f peple in this area died as 　　　　 　 result f the utbreak last year.
As a result 　
as a result f 　
教材原句p.59 epidemics n lnger psed a threat... ……這種大規(guī)模流行病不會再對人類構(gòu)成威脅…… 13 pse vt. & n. （1）vt. 造成，引起，產(chǎn)生（問題、危險(xiǎn)、困難等） pse a threat/challenge/danger/risk 構(gòu)成威脅 / 挑戰(zhàn) /危險(xiǎn) /風(fēng)險(xiǎn) pse as sb佯裝 / 冒充 / 假扮某人 They pse a serius threat t security. 他們對安全構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ （2）n.（為畫像、拍照等而擺的）姿勢，姿態(tài)The phtgrapher asked her t rearrange herself in anther pse. 攝影師要她重新擺一個(gè)姿勢。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
單句語法填空（1）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The man psed himself 　　　　 　 a specialist t cheat the farmer t buy his prducts. （2） The fellw entered the building 　　　　 　（pse）as a wrkman. 完成句子（3） Radi waves that mbile phnes emit may nt _______________（對……構(gòu)成威脅）health.
pse a threat t
教材原句p.59 have been ding trials n treatments t prevent any future utbreaks. ……科學(xué)家們一直在試驗(yàn)各種治療手段，以防止未來疫情再爆發(fā)。14 trial n. 試驗(yàn)；審判，審理be n trial在試驗(yàn)中；在受審中 trial and errr 反復(fù)試驗(yàn) stand trial/g n trial受到審判 bring t trial送交法院審判 cme t trial開庭審理 The new drug is underging clinical trials. 這種新藥正在進(jìn)行臨床試驗(yàn)。
單句語法填空（1） He’s 　　　　 　 trial fr murder. 完成句子（2） They didn’t knw hw t put in a central heating system，but they managed it by ________________（反復(fù)試驗(yàn)）. （3） She will 　　　　　　　　　　　（受到審判）fr fraud. （4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The man wh hurt the whale n purpse will 　　　　　　　　 　?。ㄋ徒环ㄔ簩徟校?
trial and errr 　
stand trial/g n trial
be brught t trial
15 utbreak n.（戰(zhàn)爭或疾?。┍l(fā)，突然發(fā)生 the utbreak f war 戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā) The chlera utbreak has been cntained. 霍亂的爆發(fā)已被遏制住。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ The area was struck by the utbreak f epidemic. 這一地區(qū)突然發(fā)生了流行病。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 【歸納拓展】 v. + adv. → n.（由動詞短語轉(zhuǎn)化而來的合成名詞） break dwn 出故障→ breakdwn n. 故障break thrugh 突破→ breakthrugh n. 突破put ut 生產(chǎn)，輸出→ utput n. 產(chǎn)量，輸出cme in 進(jìn)來→ incme n. 收入cme ut 出現(xiàn)，結(jié)果是→ utcme n. 結(jié)果，后果Always carry yur tlbx in case yu have a breakdwn n the mtrway. 隨身攜帶工具箱，以防汽車在高速公路上拋錨。
選詞填空（utcme/breakthrugh/breakdwn） （1） The cause f AIDS is made clear，which will help t make a great ______________in the treatment f the deadly disease. （2） Having cnfidence in yurself will help yu make better chices because yu can see what the best ______________ wuld be fr yur well-being. （3） It desn’t cme as a shck t learn that the fuel and cling systems are the mst cmmn causes f ______________.
breakthrugh 　
教材原句p.59 the actual number f deaths is prbably much higher. ……而實(shí)際死亡人數(shù)可能要更高。16 actual adj. 實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的 in actual fact 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上 The actual cst f the cnstructin was higher than we expected. 實(shí)際建造成本比我們預(yù)計(jì)的要高。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ In actual fact，the infrmatin is prcessed in a randm rder. 事實(shí)上，信息是按隨機(jī)順序處理的。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 【歸納拓展】 actually adv. 實(shí)際上，說實(shí)在的；事實(shí)上actually = in（actual）fact = as a matter f fact 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上 The present situatin is actually mre than a little depressing. = Actually/In fact/In actual fact/As a matter f fact，the present situatin is mre than a little depressing. 目前的情況實(shí)際上非常令人沮喪。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
單句語法填空（1）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Mst peple wrk because it’s unavidable. By cntrast，there are sme peple wh 　　　　 　____________（actual）enjy wrk. （2） 　　　　 　（actual），it was human behaviur that resulted in the catastrphe. （3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 　　　　actual fact，I haven’t made sense f what the specialist said at the meeting. （4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］As 　　　　 　 matter f fact，it is a widespread cncern fr the parents t see their children addicted t the mbile phne.完成句子 （5） _________________________________________________（事實(shí)上）， everybdy has limitless ptential.
Actually/In fact/In actual fact/As a matter f fact
教材原句p.59 wrldwide have underlined the fact that they want thrugh and systematic medical research n epidemics... ……世界各國政府都已經(jīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)，要對流行病進(jìn)行徹底和系統(tǒng)的醫(yī)學(xué)研究…… 17 underline vt. 強(qiáng)調(diào)，使突出；在……之下劃線The reprt underlines the imprtance f preschl educatin. 這份報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)前教育的重要性。They underline the fact that every subject has its wn imprtance and pupils will absrb knwledge useful fr their future. 他們強(qiáng)調(diào)每個(gè)學(xué)科都有其重要性，而學(xué)生會吸收對他們的未來有用的知識。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
單句語法填空（1） The reprt 　　　　 ?。╱nderline）his cncern that standards were at risk. 完成句子（2） This incident 　　　　　　　　　　　　（顯示了……危險(xiǎn)）f travelling in the brder areas.
underlines the danger
18 thrugh adj. 徹底的，全面的，詳盡的Yu must see yur dctr fr a thrugh examinatin. 你必須去看醫(yī)生，做個(gè)全面檢查。Detectives carried ut a thrugh search f the building. 偵探對那棟大樓進(jìn)行了徹底的搜查。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 【詞語積累】 thrughly adv. 完全地，徹底地They determined t inquire thrughly int this matter. 他們決定徹底調(diào)查這件事。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
單句語法填空（1）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］In rder t knw a freign language 　　　　 ?。╰hrugh），fur things are essential. 完成句子（2） Our schl has 　　　　　　　　　　　?。ù髵叱〆very Thursday mrning. （3） He had made 　　　　　　　　　　　?。◤氐椎恼{(diào)查）. N wnder he knew s much abut it.
a thrugh cleaning 　
a thrugh investigatin
重點(diǎn)句式 教材原句p.58 With recent press reprts drawing parallels between bird u and killer epidemics f the past， Jim Smith lks at the smetimes depressing histry f epidemics... 最近有新聞報(bào)道，吉姆·史密斯將禽流感和過去致命的流行病做對比，在屢屢令人感到沮喪的流行病史中尋找…… 【句式分析】With recent press reprts drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics f the past 為with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。1 with + 賓語+ 賓補(bǔ)常在句中作狀語，表示原因、方式、時(shí)間、條件或伴隨等。具體形式主要有： （1）with + 賓語 + 形容詞He determined t return t his hmeland with the situatin there depressing. 他決心回國，因?yàn)槟抢锏木謩萘钊司趩省＃墼~匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ （2）with + 賓語 + 副詞
He left the ffice，with the light n. 他開著燈離開了辦公室。 （3）with + 賓語 + 現(xiàn)在分詞（表示主動或正在進(jìn)行） With the specialist directing him，he has made up his mind t grw his wn vegetables in greenhuses. 在專家的指導(dǎo)下，他決定自己種植大棚蔬菜。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ （4）with + 賓語 + 過去分詞（表示被動或已經(jīng)完成） With all the wrk finished，they hurried back hme fr lunch. 所有工作都做完了，他們匆忙回家吃午飯。（5）with + 賓語 + 動詞不定式（表示尚未發(fā)生） With s many things t deal with，I can’t g n hliday. 有這么多的事要處理，我不能去度假。（6）with + 賓語 + 介詞短語He came in with a bk in his hand. 他進(jìn)來了，手里拿著一本書。D yu knw the lady with a baby in her arms? 你認(rèn)識那個(gè)抱著嬰兒的女士嗎？（with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作定語）
單句語法填空（1）With the exact date 　　　　 　（settle）， it is time fr us t plan fr the basketball turnament. （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］The whle playgrund was excited， with the audience 　　　　 　 （cheer） enthusiastically fr the athletes. （3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］With air pllutin 　　　　 　（get） wrse，the gvernment needs t cme up with sme effective measures t deal with it. （4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］With s many gats and cattle 　　　　 　（attend）t，the little by was depressed，because he culdn’t play with his friends. （5） With everything she needed 　　　　 ?。╞uy），she went hme happily.
（6）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］With t many peple 　　 　 　 ?。╯tare）at her，the little girl was very nervus and culdn’t speak fluently. （7） The living rm is clean and tidy，with a dining table already 　　　　 　（lay）fr a meal t be cked. 完成句子（8） The ld man walked in 　　　　　　　　 　　?。ㄊ掷镏糁桓照龋? 　
with a stick in his hand
教材原句p.59 Scientists nw estimate that up t 50% f the area’s ppulatin died frm the epidemic，making it ne f the main causes f the fall f the Rman Empire. 現(xiàn)今科學(xué)家估計(jì)，發(fā)病區(qū)域多達(dá)50% 的人口死于這一流行病，成為羅馬帝國衰落的一個(gè)主要原因。2 現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語通常放在句末。有時(shí)為了突出結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在分詞前可加 thus 或therefre，相當(dāng)于s 或s that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。Carbn burns in xygen r air，therefre frming carbn dixide. 碳在氧氣或空氣中燃燒，因而形成了二氧化碳。
I wke up in the mrning，nly t find the utside wrld greatly changed. 早晨我醒來，發(fā)現(xiàn)外面的世界變化很大。（出乎意料的結(jié)果） Great changes have taken place in ur cuntry in the past few years， making it ne f the pwerful cuntries in the wrld. 在過去的幾年中，我國發(fā)生了巨大的變化，使它成為世界上強(qiáng)大的國家之一。（順其自然的結(jié)果）
單句語法填空（1） It rained heavily， 　　　　 　（cause）severe flding in that cuntry. （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］He managed t cntain himself at the meeting yesterday，_________（avid） a cnflict with his bss. （3）We hurried t the statin，nly 　　　　 ?。╰ell）that the train had left. （4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］He underlined the sentences that he didn’t understand， 　　　　 ?。╩ake） it easier fr him t turn t his teacher. （5） Yesterday I went t see him，nly 　　　　 　 （learn）that he had gne abrad tw days befre. （6） He cmes hme very late every evening， 　　　　 ?。╩ake）his wife very angry.
教材原句p.59 Having killed up t 50 millin peple in 18 mnths， the Spanish Flu is believed t have been the mst severe epidemic in histry. 西班牙流感在18 個(gè)月內(nèi)造成5 000 萬人死亡，成為歷史上最嚴(yán)重的流行病?！揪涫椒治觥縃aving killed up t...為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語，表示 動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前。3 現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語 表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前。I gt t the ffice earlier that day，having caught the 7：30 train frm Paddingtn. 那天，我趕上了從帕丁頓開來的7：30 的火車，提前到了辦公室。Having been asked t wrk vertime that evening，I missed a wnderful film.（被動意義，非謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前）由于那天晚上被要求加班，我錯過了一場精彩的電影。
單句語法填空（1）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ 　　　　 ?。╤ave）a thrugh cleaning yesterday，ur schl lks tidier and mre beautiful. （2） ________________（finish）all the tests，we began ur hliday. （3） _________________（injure）in the training，Tm culdn’t play in the basketball seasn. （4） 　　　　 　（build）mre highways，China makes it much easier fr peple t travel frm ne place t anther.
Having had 　
Having finished 　
Having been injured
Having built
動詞短語1 動詞短語的概念兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞在一起構(gòu)成一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)一種特定的含義，作用近似于一個(gè)單一動詞，稱為動詞短語。2 分類動詞短語有及物（vt.）和不及物（vi.）之分，及物動詞短語必須跟賓語， 不及物動詞短語不跟賓語。（1）及物動詞短語It is estimated that he has gt thrugh his wrk fr he lks relaxed. 估計(jì)他已經(jīng)完成了工作，因?yàn)樗瓷先ズ芊潘?。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ It is nt essential fr us t lk up every unknwn wrd when reading. 我們沒有必要在閱讀時(shí)查閱每一個(gè)生詞。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］
（2）不及物動詞短語The electin will take place next Friday，which has attracted a lt f attentin s far. 競選活動將于下星期五舉行，到目前為止已經(jīng)吸引了很多關(guān)注。［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ The weeks went slwly by. 時(shí)間一星期一星期慢慢地過去了。 （ 3）部分動詞短語既可作及物動詞短語，也可作不及物動詞短語。 He tk ff his cat. 他脫下他的大衣。 The plane tk ff at nine ’clck. 飛機(jī)在九點(diǎn)起飛。
3 及物動詞短語的用法（ 1）“動詞 + 副詞”構(gòu)成的及物動詞短語，賓語如果是名詞，可置 于動詞短語之后，也可置于動詞與副詞之間；賓語如果是代詞，則只能置于動詞與副詞之間。We will hand ut the advertisements. =We will hand the advertisements ut. 我們將要分發(fā)廣告。If yu like it，please try it n. 如果你喜歡它，就請?jiān)囋嚒?不能說成：If yu like it，please try n it.
（2）“動詞+ 副詞”構(gòu)成的及物動詞短語，舉例如下： put n 穿上 set up 建立 turn ff 關(guān)掉put ff 推遲 pick up 撿起；恢復(fù) turn n 打開put up 掛起；舉起 put dwn 放下 clean up 打掃干凈 write dwn 寫下 call/ring up 打電話 cheer up 使振奮 get back 取回 eat up 吃光 give up 放棄 lk up 查閱 take ff 脫下 give away 捐贈wrk ut 算出 cut dwn 砍倒 hand ut 分發(fā)turn up 把（聲音）調(diào)大 wake up 叫醒 hand in 交上來turn dwn 把（聲音）調(diào)小 take ut 取出 think up 想出
（3）“動詞+ 介詞”或“動詞+ 副詞+ 介詞”構(gòu)成的及物動詞短語， 舉例如下（賓語放于介詞之后）： cme up with 想出（主意） lk after 照顧 lk fr 尋找get n 上車 agree with 同意 ask fr 請求；找 hear f 聽說 knck at 敲（門、窗等） laugh at 嘲笑 wait fr 等候 pay fr 付錢；支付 run ut f 用完；用盡
用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空（1） China’s effrts n fd prductin and safety will pay 　　　　 after the new fd law is intrduced. （2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Ningb is a small city. Therefre， t speed 　　　　 the flw f traffic，the gvernment has determined t braden sme main streets. （3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Adpting the dctr’s advice，he cut dwn 　　　　 cffee and cigarettes and ate a balanced diet. （4） Einstein liked Bse’s paper s much that he set 　　　　 his wn wrk and translated it int German. （5） If yu sit in an ffice all day lng and rarely wrk 　　　　，yu’re likely t suffer frm neck and back pains.
（6）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Tw dctrs and eight nurses make 　　　　 　 the medical team，which will be sent t the cuntryside fr the sake f the villagers’ health. （7）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Our class cnsists 　　　　 　 frty-ne students and the mst intelligent ne is Li Mei. （8）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］What was it that made the yung man stand 　　　　 amng the applicants? （9） Yu had prmised t drp 　　　　 when passing by ur twn，but what was it that prevented yu frm shwing 　　　　 in my hme? （10） Have yu figured 　　　　 whether t take up a part-time jb r nt this summer vacatin? （11） Ecnmic grwth in the cuntry remains weak this year and it is hped that it will pick ________ gradually next year.

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