
Ⅰ.猜詞意 A.官方地;正式地 B.強(qiáng)調(diào);使突出;在……下面劃線 C.將……分類;把……歸為一類 D.因素;要素 E.估計(jì);估算
1.Yu can classify them based n similarities and differences. ( )2.Officially, the minister resigned because f his bad health. ( )3.Try t estimate hw many steps it will take t get t a clse bject. ( )【答案】1.C 2.A 3.E
4.A factr is ne f the things that affects an event, decisin, r situatin. ( )5.This incident underlines the danger f travelling in the brder area. ( )【答案】4.D 5.B
Ⅱ.猜單詞拼寫 1.fficial adj. 官方的;正式的→________adv. 官方地;正式地 2.rare adj. 稀有的;罕見的;不常發(fā)生的→________ adv. 罕有,很少;異乎尋常地,極度 3.thrugh adj. 徹底的;全面的;詳盡的→________ adv. 完全地,極度地;仔細(xì)地;徹底地 【答案】1.fficially 2.rarely 3.thrughly
4.a(chǎn)ctual adj. 實(shí)際的;真實(shí)的→________adv. 實(shí)際上;事實(shí)上 (參考:desperate→desperately) 5.ut+break→________ n. 爆發(fā);突然發(fā)生 (參考:ver+cme→vercme) 【答案】4.a(chǎn)ctually 5.utbreak
Ⅲ.完成句子 1.Epidemics have been happening fr ________ living n Earth.自地球上有人類生活以來,流行病就一直存在?!敬鸢浮?.a(chǎn)s lng as there have been peple
2.Having killed up t 50 millin peple in 18 mnths, the Spanish Flu ________ have been the mst severe epidemic in histry.西班牙流感在18個(gè)月內(nèi)造成5,000萬人的死亡,成為歷史上最嚴(yán)重的流行病?!敬鸢浮?.is believed t
3.Scientists nw estimate that ________ died frm the epidemic, making it ne f the main causes f the fall f the Rman Empire.現(xiàn)今科學(xué)家估計(jì),發(fā)病區(qū)域多達(dá)50%的人口死于這一流行病,成為羅馬帝國衰落的一個(gè)主要原因?!敬鸢浮?.up t 50% f the area’s ppulatin
4.With recent press reprts drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemic f the past, Jim Smith lks at the smetimes depressing histry f epidemic fr clues abut ________ ______ withut epidemics.最近的新聞報(bào)道將禽流感和過去的致命流行病進(jìn)行了比較,吉姆·史密斯著眼于有時(shí)令人沮喪的流行病歷史,為我們?nèi)绾尾拍軇?chuàng)造一個(gè)沒有流行病的更積極的未來尋找線索?!敬鸢浮?.hw we can create a mre psitive future
Ⅰ.閱讀理解 ( )1.Which f the fllwing can cause epidemics accrding t the passage? A.A virus carried int an area.B.Fewer peple living in an area.C.Peple catching a cmmn cld.D.A wman having a high fever.【答案】A
( )2.What can we knw abut bird flu accrding t Paragraph Fur? A.It first appeared in 1987. B.It has taken ver ne thusand lives.C.It is a mdern adaptatin f the 1918 Spanish Flu.D.Peple dn’t wrry that it culd be the next glbal epidemic.【答案】C
( )3.What is the visible symptm f The Black Death? A.The eyes becme terribly red.B.The bdy has black spts.C.Peple have a high fever.D.Peple cugh a lt.【答案】B
( )4.Which f the fllwing epidemics is believed t have been the mst severe in histry? A.The SARS.B.The Ebla Virus Disease.C.The bird flu.D.The Spanish Flu.【答案】D
( )5.What des the writer want t cnvey in the passage? A.He wants t tell us the histry f epidemics.B.He wants t call n the cuntries wrldwide t unite t cnduct thrugh and systematic medical research n epidemics.C.He wants t warn us f the danger f epidemics.D.He wants t give the definitin f an epidemic.【答案】B
Ⅱ.判斷正誤 ( )1.An epidemic is the rapid spread f an infectius disease.( )2.The cmmn cld affects millins f peple and is regarded as an epidemic.( )3.A new epidemic can be a different variatin f a virus that peple caught in the past.【答案】1-3 TFT
( )4.The Spanish Flu struck near the end f Wrld War II.( )5.The SARS epidemic started in 2002 with a case f lung disease in Guangdng Prvince.( )6.The actual number f peple dying f the Ebla Virus Disease is mre than 11,310. 【答案】4-6 FTT
【答案】Para. 1:B Para. 2:D Para. 3-8:C Para. 9:A
1.variatin n. 變化物,變體;差異,變動 (P58)A new epidemic can be a different variatin f a virus that peple caught in the past.【翻譯】一種新的流行病可能是過去人們感染的病毒的不同變種。
【語言提升】 vary vi. 變化 vary frm…t… 從……到……變化 A baby’s need fr fd can vary frm day t day.嬰兒對食物的需求天天都在變化。
vary with… 隨著……變化 The prices f the vegetables vary with the seasns.蔬菜的價(jià)格隨季節(jié)而變化。vary in… 在……方面不同 Other services vary dramatically in quality.其他服務(wù)在質(zhì)量上差異很大。
variety n. 種類;多樣性 a variety f=varieties f各種各樣的 West Hampstead has a variety f gd stres and supermarkets.西漢普斯特德有幾家不同的高品質(zhì)商店和超市。varius adj. 各種各樣的
【針對練習(xí)】 單句語法填空 (1)Prices vary frm saln ________ saln, starting at $30 fr a cut and blw-dry.(2)The artist has painted the scene frm ________(vary) viewpints.【答案】(1)t (2)varius
(3)________(variety) f gds fr daily use are available in this department stre.(4)A ________(vary) f a gene can influence peple’s scial behavir.【答案】(3)Varieties (4)variatin
2.ppsed adj. 與某事物相反;反對某事物,不贊成某事物 (P58)…as ppsed t mre cmmn diseases, such as the flu, that have a higher baseline.【翻譯】與流感等更常見的疾病相反,這些疾病的基線更高。
【語言提升】 be ppsed t (ding) sth. 反對(做)某事 She was strngly ppsed t the idea f mving abrad.她強(qiáng)烈反對移居國外。as ppsed t… 與……相反;而 200 peple attended the meeting, as ppsed t 300 the previus year.有200人參加了會議,而前一年有300人。
ppse vt. 反對,不贊成 ppse (ding) sth. 反對(做)某事 The residents ppse tearing dwn the ld building.居民們反對拆除那棟舊建筑。ppsite adj. 相反的;相對的 n. 反義詞;對立面 prep. 在……對面 adv. 在對面
【歸納拓展】 表示“反對”的其他表達(dá): bject t (ding) sth. ; be against等。
【針對練習(xí)】 單句語法填空 (1)She was firmly ppsed t her husband ____(take) this trip.(2)We ate in the lcal restaurant, as ppsed ________ the grand ne.(3)He ppsed ______ (answer) the private questin in public.【答案】(1)taking (2)t (3)answering
完成句子 (4)Mst f the citizens ______________ an entertainment center in this area.大多數(shù)市民反對在這個(gè)地區(qū)建娛樂中心?!敬鸢浮?4)are ppsed t building
3.depressing adj. 令人沮喪的,讓人憂愁的 (P58)…Jim Smith lks at the smetimes depressing histry f epidemics fr clues abut hw we can create a mre psitive future withut epidemics.【翻譯】吉姆·史密斯著眼于有時(shí)令人沮喪的流行病歷史,為我們?nèi)绾尾拍軇?chuàng)造一個(gè)沒有流行病的更積極的未來尋找線索。
【語言提升】 Lking fr a jb these days can be very depressing.如今求職有時(shí)會令人非常沮喪。depress vt. 使沮喪;使抑郁 depressed adj. 沮喪的;抑郁的 be depressed abut… 對……感到沮喪
That qute reminded me t stay psitive, nt t becme depressed abut my situatin.那個(gè)引語提醒我要保持積極,不要因自己的處境而消沉。depressin n. 沮喪;抑郁
【針對練習(xí)】 單句語法填空 (1)He was ________(depress) abut lsing all his mney.(2)That was ne f the mst ________(depress) experiences f my life.(3)Wmen wh eat plenty f fresh vegetables are far less likely t suffer anxiety r ________(depress).【答案】(1)depressed (2)depressing (3)depressin
完成句子 (4)___________ was that I was blamed by my teacher.最讓我沮喪的是,我被老師責(zé)備了?!敬鸢浮?4)What depressed me mst
4.a(chǎn)ctual adj. 實(shí)際的,真實(shí)的 (P59)11,310 deaths were fficially recrded, but the actual number f deaths is prbably much higher.【翻譯】官方記錄的死亡人數(shù)為11 310人,但實(shí)際死亡人數(shù)可能要高得多。
【用法詳解】 in actual fact事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上 I thught the wrk wuld be difficult. In actual fact, it’s very easy.我原以為這工作會很難,事實(shí)上卻很容易。actually adv. 事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上
【歸納拓展】 “事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上”的其他表達(dá)方式:in fact; in reality; in effect; as a matter f fact等。
【針對練習(xí)】 單句語法填空 (1)Many deaths frm heart disease are ________(actual) avidable.(2)He aplgized as sn as he realised what he had dne. ________ actual fact he wrte a nice little nte t me.【答案】(1)actually (2)In
完成句子 (3)____________ ____, the cuple are cleaning their huse in preparatin fr the new baby’s cming.事實(shí)上,這對夫婦正在打掃他們的房子,為新生兒的到來做準(zhǔn)備?!敬鸢浮?3)As a matter f fact
5.get ver克服;戰(zhàn)勝 (P59)The virus was extremely infectius and the survival rate was as lw as 30% in sme areas, indicating that very few peple gt ver it.【翻譯】該病毒傳染性極強(qiáng),一些地區(qū)的存活率低至30%,也就是說很少有人能康復(fù)。
【用法詳解】 get ver克服;戰(zhàn)勝;恢復(fù) It tk me a very lng time t get ver the shck f her death.我過了很長時(shí)間才從她去世的震驚中恢復(fù)過來。If we can get ver ur present difficulties, then everything shuld be all right.如果我們能克服現(xiàn)在的困難,那么一切都會好起來。
get thrugh通過(考試);(電話)接通;完成;熬過 Julia failed t get thrugh her mid-term exam.朱莉婭沒有通過期中考試。I think yu can get thrugh the first tw chapters.我想你能完成前兩章。
get n/alng with… 與……相處;進(jìn)展 Since yu all live under ne rf, yu shuld learn hw t get alng with ne anther.既然你們都住在同一個(gè)屋檐下,你們應(yīng)該要學(xué)習(xí)如何與彼此相處。
get dwn t (ding) sth. 著手(做)某事 With the electin cming t an end, the gvernment can get dwn t business.選舉已結(jié)束,政府能夠著手處理正事了。get up起床;站起來
【針對練習(xí)】 單句語法填空 (1)We need t get dwn t ________(wrk) ut csts.【答案】(1)wrking
完成句子 (2)I hate dealing with the bank ver the phne because it usually takes ages ________ the right persn.我討厭在電話里和銀行打交道,因?yàn)橥ǔRê荛L時(shí)間才能接通到合適的人。【答案】(2)t get thrugh t
(3)If yu can just ___________ the shyness, just dn’t wrry abut being embarrassed.如果你能夠克服害羞,就不用擔(dān)心尷尬了。(4)Only when we fllw the laws f nature can we better ___________ it.我們只有遵循自然法則才能更好地與環(huán)境和諧共處?!敬鸢浮?3)get ver (4)get alng well with
6.glbe n. 地球,世界;地球儀 (P59) Cuntries will need t wrk tgether t d this because teamwrk amng natins acrss the glbe can save lives.【翻譯】各國需要共同努力做到這一點(diǎn),因?yàn)槿蚋鲊g的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作可以拯救生命。
【用法詳解】 acrss the glbe世界各地 The study included mre than 100 scientists frm acrss the glbe.這項(xiàng)研究包括來自世界各地的100多名科學(xué)家。
glbal adj. 全球的 glbal warming全球變暖 The threat f glbal warming will eventually frce the USA t slw dwn its energy cnsumptin.全球變暖的威脅將最終迫使美國減慢其能源消耗。glbally adv. 全球地;世界上
【針對練習(xí)】 單句語法填空 (1)The scientists are carrying ut a study n the effects f ________(glbe) warming.(2)________(glbal), 75% f pr peple live in rural areas and mst depend n agriculture fr their living.【答案】(1)glbal (2)Glbally
完成句子 (3)________________ has psed a serius threat t the survival f animals such as plar bears.全球變暖對北極熊等動物的生存造成了嚴(yán)重威脅。【答案】(3)Glbal warming
1.(P58)With recent press reprts drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics f the past, Jim Smith lks at the smetimes depressing histry f epidemics fr clues abut hw we can create a mre psitive future withut epidemics.【翻譯】最近的新聞報(bào)道將禽流感和過去的致命流行病進(jìn)行了比較,吉姆·史密斯著眼于有時(shí)令人沮喪的流行病歷史,為我們?nèi)绾尾拍軇?chuàng)造一個(gè)沒有流行病的更積極的未來尋找線索。
【句式剖析】 句中“With recent press reprts drawing…”為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),“recent press reprts”作with的賓語,drawing作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
【歸納拓展】 介詞with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語由名詞或代詞充當(dāng),賓語補(bǔ)足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或分詞充當(dāng)。(1)with+賓語+ding(ding表主動或正在進(jìn)行的動作) With spring drawing near, trees turn green.隨著春天的臨近,樹木變綠了。
(2)with+賓語+t d(t d表示將來的動作) With a lt f prblems t slve, the president is having a hard time.有很多問題要解決,總統(tǒng)正處于一個(gè)困難的時(shí)期。(3)with+賓語+dne(dne表被動或已完成的動作) He went t sleep happily with his tasks finished.任務(wù)完成后,他愉快地去睡覺了。
(4)with+賓語+介詞短語/adj. /adv.He was s tired that he fell asleep with the light n.他太累了,開著燈就睡著了。
【針對練習(xí)】 單句語法填空 (1)T his surprise, the by came ut ________ the watch in his hand.(2)They sat tgether arund the table, with the dr ________ (clse).【答案】(1)with (2)clsed
(3)With the by ________(lead) the way, they easily fund the huse.(4)With a lt f wrk ________(d), he had t stay at hme.【答案】(3)leading (4)t d
2.(P59)Having killed up t 50 millin peple in 18 mnths, the Spanish Flu is believed t have been the mst severe epidemic in histry.【翻譯】在18個(gè)月內(nèi),西班牙流感已導(dǎo)致5 000萬人死亡,被認(rèn)為是歷史上最嚴(yán)重的流行病?!揪涫狡饰觥俊”揪渲衎e believed t have dne意為“被認(rèn)為已經(jīng)做了某事”。
【歸納拓展】 sb. /sth. is believed t have dne可以替換為It is believed that sb. /sth. did sth.類似用法的還有: It is said/reprted that…=sb. /sth. be said/reprted t d sth.
【針對練習(xí)】 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 (1)It is said that he invented the first cmputer.→He was said ________ ________ the first cmputer.(2)It is believed that she is an excellent artist.→She is ________ ________ ________ an excellent artist.【答案】(1)t invent (2)believed t be
(3)It is reprted that the scientist is wrking n a significant prject.→The scientist ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ n a significant prject.【答案】(3)is reprted t be wrking
一、動詞短語的概念 英語中有些動詞可以和一些別的詞構(gòu)成短語,表達(dá)一個(gè)概念,其作用與一個(gè)單獨(dú)的動詞差不多,這種形式的組合,我們稱為動詞短語。例如:
leave ff=stp停止 make ut=understand理解 ring up=telephne打電話 arrive at=reach到達(dá)
二、動詞短語的構(gòu)成 1.“動詞+副詞”,這種結(jié)構(gòu)在英語中使用十分廣泛,如果后面接代詞作賓語時(shí),只能放在動詞和副詞之間;如果接名詞,可以放在動詞和副詞之間,也可以放在他們的后面。常見的有:put up, bring up, set up, g up, get up, shw up, lk up, make up, pick up, take up, clean up, cme up, cme n, g n, put n, turn n, get n, take ff, turn ff, put ff, give ut, wrk ut, find ut, run ut, break ut, give away, run away, thrw away, g ver, get thrugh, pull thrugh, g thrugh等。
Please put up the picture n the wall.請把畫貼在墻上。He put n the cat, turned ff the light and went t see a mvie.他穿上大衣、關(guān)上燈去看電影了。
2.“動詞+介詞”,其后可以跟名詞、代詞、動名詞等。常見的有:lk after, take after, care fr, care abut, lk fr, lk at, arrive at, run int, break int, listen t等。She is a vlunteer. She is lking after the sick kid in the hspital.她是個(gè)志愿者,她正在醫(yī)院里照看那個(gè)生病的孩子。Sme rbbers brke int a stre and tk away all the mney.幾個(gè)強(qiáng)盜闖進(jìn)了一家商店,拿走了所有的錢。
3.“動詞+副詞+介詞”,常見的有:lk dwn upn/n, lk up t, cme up with, put up with, d away with, break away frm, lk frward t等。They lk frward t visiting Paris.他們盼望著參觀巴黎。
We shuld respect thers and never lk dwn n them with their jbs, r disabilities.我們應(yīng)該尊重他人,永遠(yuǎn)不要因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ骰蛏眢w殘疾而看不起他們。
4.“動詞+名詞+介詞”,常見的有:take care f, pay attentin t, put an end t, give rise t, have a lk at等。Please take care f my dg when I leave fr Beijing.我動身到北京去時(shí),請照看我的小狗。Pay attentin t yur prnunciatin, please.請注意你的發(fā)音。
單句語法填空 1.I’m nt ging t put up ________ their smking any lnger.2.When cmmunicating with thers, yu shuld pay attentin ________ yur attitude in rder t avid making thers feel uncmfrtable.【答案】1.with 2.t
3.Things just didn’t wrk ________ as planned.4.When her dinner partner shwed ________, she pulled up a chair.5.The cmpany I wrk fr went ________ a rugh perid.6.He picked ________ the case and walked twards the exit.7.Jane finally brke away ________ her parents and gt an apartment f her wn.【答案】 3.ut 4.up 5.thrugh 6.up 7.frm
8.We’ve had t put ________ ur wedding until September.9.Only a plitical slutin culd put an end ________ the vilence.10.He turned ff the televisin, put ________ his cat, and walked ut.【答案】8.ff 9.t 10.n
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1.Several ________(factr) had cmbined t ruin ur plans.2.Yesterday’s unemplyment figures were ________(令人沮喪的).【答案】1.factrs 2.depressing
3.Many events attended by the actr received ________(廣泛的) media cverage.4.Sme analysts ________(估計(jì)) that fd prductin will need t be raised by 50 percent t maintain current levels.5.The rain had stpped and a star r tw was ________(看得見的) ver the muntains.【答案】3.widespread 4.estimate 5.visible
6.Sme peple are nt s fnd f pizza. They ________(分類) it as junk fd.7.In this field yu dig a hle and in the hle yu ________ (埋藏) a gld piece.8.First, we need t identify ________(實(shí)際的) and ptential prblems.【答案】6.classify 7.bury 8.a(chǎn)ctual
9.There is an enrmus ________(差異) in the amunt f sleep peple feel happy with.10.It must be stressed that this disease is very ________(罕見的).【答案】9.variatin 10.rare
Ⅱ.單句語法填空 1.What is the mst ________(depress) day f the week? 2.Rich industrialised cuntries have swn the seeds f ________ (glbe) warming.3.He sat with his head ________(bury) in his hands.【答案】1.depressing 2.glbal 3.buried
4.These huses lk the same but ________(actual) each f them is slightly different in size.5.Mst students are ________(ppse) t the plan f hlding the meeting n Saturday.6.He was surprised t find his rm ________(thrugh) cleaned and everything arranged in perfect rder.7.________(symptm) include a headache and sre thrat.【答案】4.a(chǎn)ctually 5.ppsed 6.thrughly 7.Symptms
8.Scientists have tried t apprach the questin in a mre ________(system) way.9.The cmpany’s exprts have been increasing ________ (steady).10.The electin results have still nt been ________(fficial) annunced.【答案】8.systematic 9.steadily 10.fficially
Ⅲ.完成句子 1.He _____________ in Cambridge University at present.據(jù)說,他目前正在劍橋大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。2.The cuple walked ut f the supermarket with ___________.這對夫婦走出超市,他們的孩子跟著他們?!敬鸢浮?.is said t be studying 2.their children fllwing them
3.When yu break up with smebdy yu lve, that’s awful; it takes time ___________.當(dāng)你和所愛的人分手了,那是件糟糕極了的事,而且需要很長時(shí)間來恢復(fù)。【答案】3.t get ver
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