專題02：語法填空之無提示詞梳理——【新高考】2023年高考英語二輪專題總復(fù)習(xí)精講精練（原卷版+解析版）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

【解法思維導(dǎo)圖】
【解題步驟思維導(dǎo)圖】
(一)高頻考點之一：填介詞
解題攻略
第一步：確定是否填介詞：
首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語時，其前面一般是填介詞。
第二步：根據(jù)句意及固定搭配判斷填介詞：
分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)空格放在名詞前后時，應(yīng)考慮名詞與介詞的搭配；
分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)空格放在不及物動詞后名詞前時，應(yīng)考慮動詞與介詞的搭配；
分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)空格放在形容詞后名詞前時，應(yīng)考慮形容詞與介詞的搭配。
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]The study fund that between 1985 and 2017，average rural BMI increased ________ 2.1 in wmen and men.
分析：第一步：確定填介詞。分析句子成分可知，此處考查動詞與介詞的搭配。
第二步：判斷代詞的形式。
句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，1985年至2017年，農(nóng)村地區(qū)女性和男性的平均體重指數(shù)增加了2.1。此處表示升高的幅度，故用介詞by。
快捷思維
1.句意明，辨成分
① 鎖定“________＋名詞/ 動名詞”模式，且名詞或動名詞不作主語、表語，也不作動詞的賓語，此時要考慮填介詞。
② 鎖定“謂語動詞＋________”模式，大多數(shù)情況下需要填介詞。
③鎖定“形容詞＋________＋名詞”模式，考慮形容詞與介詞的搭配。
2.介詞多義看語境
(1)表示時間的in, n, at
①in表示在某段較長的時間內(nèi)(如世紀、年代、月份等)或泛指上午、下午、晚上等。
②n表示在具體的日子或具體的某一天的上午、下午、晚上等。
③at表示某個時間點、時刻等。
(2)表示方位的thrugh和acrss
①thrugh表示“從……的內(nèi)部穿過”。
②acrss表示“從……表面穿過”。
(3)表示交通方式的by和n/in
①by后可直接跟涉及交通工具的單數(shù)名詞，名詞前不加冠詞。
②n/in后跟交通工具時，名詞前應(yīng)有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等修飾語。
(4)表示“用……”的by, in, with
①by指“靠……手段，用……方法，憑借……”，后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞。
②in多用于表示語言、材料的名詞前。
③with多用于表示工具或身體器官的名詞前。
(5)f 表示所屬關(guān)系，“……的”
“f＋n.”相當于該名詞對應(yīng)的形容詞
3.依據(jù)句式和搭配填介詞
(1)與動詞搭配，如：
remind sb. f sth. 提醒某人某事；
rb sb. f sth. 搶劫某人某物；
g back t/ date frm 追溯至；
exchange ... fr ... 交換……；
cme abut 發(fā)生；
run ut f 用完；
accunt fr 占……比例；說明……的原因
(2)與名詞或代詞搭配，如：
by accident 偶然；
in truble 陷入困境，陷入麻煩；
in spite f 盡管，雖然；
in turn 依次，轉(zhuǎn)而；
in return 作為報答；
at risk 處于危險中；
n bard 乘(飛機、船)；
n average 平均
(3)與形容詞搭配，如：
be curius abut 對……感到好奇；
be prud f 因……而自豪；
be rich in 在……方面豐富
(二)高頻考點之二：填冠詞
第一步：確定是否填冠詞：
首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，看空格后是否有名詞；
第二步：判斷特指還是泛指：
①看空格后有單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，搭配后表示泛指時，應(yīng)考慮不定冠詞a/an；
②若發(fā)現(xiàn)空格后有名詞，搭配后表示特指時，應(yīng)考慮定冠詞the；
③看看是否是固定搭配
【例】 [2021·全國卷乙]Due t ________ grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel，varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
分析：第一步：確定填冠詞。分析句子成分可知，空處有名詞ppularity。
第二步：判斷特指還是泛指。
考查冠詞。名詞ppularity后有定語，故其前應(yīng)用定冠詞the表特指，the grwing ppularity f...“……的日益流行”。
1.不定冠詞a/an
分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)空格后有單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，搭配后表示泛指時，應(yīng)考慮不定冠詞a/an。
用不定冠詞a/an的?？键c：
①泛指一類人與物，表示“一”概念；
②在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”。
2.定冠詞the
分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)空格后有名詞，搭配后表示特指時，應(yīng)考慮定冠詞the。
用定冠詞the的?？键c：
①特指某人或某事；
②用在序數(shù)詞或最高級前或有nly, very, same 等修飾的名詞前；
③用在世界上獨一無二的東西及某些專有名詞前；
④用在樂器名詞前；
⑤用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世紀幾十年代”。
3.固定搭配中的冠詞
固定搭配或抽象名詞具體化的名詞前用冠詞
(1)定冠詞用在固定搭配中，如：
at the same time, n the cntrary，
t tell the truth, in the distance, make the mst/best f, n the spt等。
(2)不定冠詞用在固定搭配中，如：
catch a cld, have a fever,
all f a sudden, as a matter f fact，
as a result, have a gift fr，
make a living, give sb. a lift，
have a gd knwledge f等。
(3)動詞(catch/take/hit等)＋sb.＋介詞＋the＋身體部位。
(三)高頻考點之三：填從屬關(guān)聯(lián)詞和并列連詞
解題攻略
第一步：如何確定并列連詞：
如果兩個單詞、短語、句子相并列的成分相互之間存在并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果關(guān)系填并列連詞。
第二步：如何確定引導(dǎo)詞：
如果空處引導(dǎo)從句，則首先要看它所引導(dǎo)的是哪一種從句，然后根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的種類和功能來確定填哪一個引導(dǎo)詞。
【例】 [2021·新高考全國卷Ⅰ]Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain，still it highlights the whle adventure ________ ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur aching legs.
分析：第一步：如何確定并列連詞
分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， highlights 與ffers 是兩個并列謂語。
第二步：如何確定連詞
本空連接兩個謂語動詞(highlights和ffers)，表示順接關(guān)系，因此這里填并列連詞。
（四）高頻考點：填代詞
第一步：確定是否填代詞：
首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)句子缺少形式主語或形式賓語時，應(yīng)考慮用it；
第二步：判斷是否指代上文中提到的人或物：
分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)指代上文中所提到的人或物時，應(yīng)考慮用相應(yīng)的代詞。
【例】 [2021·廣東省模擬二]It was wrth it, thugh. I still have that glden headdress, as ________ reminds me f thse unfrgettable days.
分析：第一步：確定填代詞。分析句子成分可知，空處指代上文中所提到的物。
第二步：判斷代詞的形式。
句意：但這是值得的。我仍然留著那個金色的頭飾，因為它讓我想起了那些難忘的日子。分析句子，根據(jù)句意可知，此處連詞as后應(yīng)用代詞it作主語，指前面的事物that glden headdress。
快捷思維
1.句意清，指代明
無提示詞類填空，當句中缺少主語或賓語時，一般要填代詞，主要包括不定代詞和it。
①如果空格前文出現(xiàn)了單數(shù)名詞，并且空處作主語，可根據(jù)代指的情況用he，she或者it。
②如果空格前文出現(xiàn)了單數(shù)名詞，并且空處作賓語，可根據(jù)代指的情況用him，her或者it。
③如果空格前文出現(xiàn)了復(fù)數(shù)名詞，并且空處作主語，填they。
④如果空格前文出現(xiàn)了復(fù)數(shù)名詞，并且空處作賓語，填them。
2.it的用法
①指代天氣、時間、距離等
②代替上文提到過的事物
③分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)句子缺少形式主語或形式賓語時，應(yīng)考慮it。
④it的常用固定句型
·It is/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/wh＋句子其他成分
·It＋be＋形容詞＋f/fr sb.t d sth.
·It is n gd/n use/useless/a waste f time ding sth.
·hate/like/enjy it that ...討厭/喜歡……
·when it cmes t ...當談到……
·as sb. puts it正如某人所言
·make it成功
_____
優(yōu)選真題演練

【2021年新高考全國I卷】
Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles’ sng“The Lng and Winding Rad”. ____56____is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes. The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ____57____ (human) are.
The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will ____58____(undubted) help yu get refreshed! The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (ht) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s hw nature is — always leaving us ____60____(astnish).
What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it ____61____ (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place. Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure ____62____ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur ____63____ (ache) legs.
As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ____64____(I).While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is ____65____ must t visit!
【2021年新高考全國II卷】
I've always lved the cean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started vlunteering at the Mnterey Bay Aquarium in Califrnia. I was upset t learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is fd.
I decided t d smething ____38____ (educate) peple abut this prblem. I held presentatins at schls t teach kids abut plastic waste. I wanted t reach businesses t. I decided that if I learned f a cmpany____39____ used a lt f plastic, I'd send it an email urging it t cut back.
One day, I saw a cmmercial fr a health-care cmpany. Peple in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I fund the cntact infrmatin f the cmpany____40____ emailed its president. I tld him hw ____41____ (harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec-friendly ptins. I was s____42____ (excite) when he wrte back t me.He said he wuld make sure that the cmpany cut its use f plastic straws in half.
I kept ging. Whenever I heard f businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One f the biggest cmpanies I wrte t ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A cmpany ____44____ (represent) wrte back and tld me the airline was switching ver _____45_____ plastic t paper cups n all f its 1,200 daily flights.
_____
名校好題必測
山東省濰坊市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題
閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
When it cmes t ancient civilizatins, mst peple think f the Greeks and Rmans. It’s understandable as bth ____36____ (shape) mdern sciety in sme way s far, whether it be their scial, cultural, r plitical influences. Hwever, dzens f civilizatins had been arund lng ____37____ the Greeks and Rmans, the lesser-knwn Jiahu peple ____38____ (include).
The Jiahu settlement is lcated in the central plain f ancient China, ____39____ area knwn tday as the Henan Prvince. The peple created the cuntry’s ldest recgnized civilizatin. The area is rich in artifacts, ____40____ (make) it an archaelgist’s dream. Apart frm the usual finds, peple have uncvered recrds f the earliest examples f Chinese writing and prf ____41____ they were prducers f the wrld’s ldest wine. Anther remarkable discveries was the ldest wrking bne flutes (長笛). ____42____ (typical) carved frm the wing bne f a crane, they were mst likely used in special ceremnies. Rugh weaving tls and bne needles als ____43____ (unearth) frm the site, indicating that Jiahu residents may have pssessed basic weaving and sewing skills 8,500 years ag.
The settlement’s end came arund 5700 BCE when the nearby rivers verflwed and flded the area. It is assumed that the Jiahu peple left their hme ____44____ (settle) elsewhere, even thugh there is n indicatin as t _____45_____ that might have been.
廣東省順德區(qū)普通高中2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測
In mid-September in 2022, t hnr the 110th anniversary f the birth f nuclear physicist Wu Chien-shiung, ____36____ glbal nline cnference was held t mark this anniversary. Cmpared with physicists such as Marie Curie, Wu is nt a husehld name in China r in the United States, ____37____ she was ne f the mst influential nuclear physicists f the 20th century.
Wu was brn n May 31, 1912, in Liuhe twn, Taicang, ____38____ the Yangtze River flws int the East Sea. Wu’s father, Wu Zhngyi, received a mdern ____39____ (educate) in Shanghai, and in 1913, ____40____ (fund) the first schl fr girls in Taicang. He aimed ____41____ (break) the ld sexist advcacy that it was wmen’s virtue t have n talents.
The father, absrbing the merits f Western ideas while bearing the great thughts rted deep in Chinese culture in mind, had the mst prfund influence ____42____ Wu Chien-shiung’s life. She spent mst f her life in the US, but always wre qipa. Wrking in the scientific wrld dminated by men, she never gave up r lwered her standards even if ____43____ (unequal) treated.
During her 44-year career as a nuclear physicist, Wu’s great ____44____ (achievement) wn her nicknames such as “Chinese Madame Curie”. She was the first wman t be president f American Physical Sciety, and the first female winner f the Cmstck Prize in physics ____45____ (give) by the US Natinal Academy f Sciences.
山東省濰坊市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題
China has nce again shwed its ability t change the wrld with its “fur great new _____36_____ (invent)”—high-speed rail, electrnic payment, shared bicycle, and nline shpping.
China’s new-generatin high-speed train, the FuxingHa, is nw ne f the _____37_____ (fast) trains in the wrld, which car travel at a speed f 350 km/h. Besides high-speed rail, China _____38_____ (imprve) peple’s lives in many ther innvative ways ver the last decade.
Bike sharing, fr example, is nt new itself. But China has made _____39_____ much mre cnvenient and ppular bth in China _____40_____ verseas. The leading Chinese bikesharing cmpanies Mbike and Of are nw perating in freign cuntries such as Singapre and Britain.
And back in China, when riding a shared bike, yu can stp _____41_____ (buy) and eat whatever yu want _____42_____ (simple) with a tap n yur phne. Yu culd easily pay with yur smartphne by _____43_____ (scan) the seller’s QR cde. Cashless payment has grwn int a _____44_____ (chse) fr Chinese peple - even a pancake seller is using Alipay (支付寶).
Besides, the fur innvative ways f life are mst appealing ______45______ yuths frm 20 cuntries participating in the Belt and Rad Initiative, and they wish their cuntries wuld emulate (模仿) China in terms f technlgical achievements.

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