專題06：完形填空記敘文應(yīng)試策略（一）——【新高考】2023年高考英語二輪專題總復(fù)習(xí)精講精練（原卷版+解析版）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

??專題07 完形填空夾敘夾議文應(yīng)對(duì)策略
考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)精講

【題型特點(diǎn)】
夾敘夾議的文章是高考完形填空中最有難度的，也是最熱點(diǎn)的一類體裁。所選文章語言地道、寓意深刻、可讀性強(qiáng)。文章常常在平淡的敘述中蘊(yùn)含著深刻的人生哲理。此類選材傾向于注重短文本身的教育意義。作者首先敘述一件事，在敘述過程中或結(jié)束后發(fā)表自己的看法或由此事引出一個(gè)深刻的社會(huì)問題。文章的顯著特點(diǎn)是首句可能在傳達(dá)一個(gè)事件信息或透視一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，而后對(duì)此進(jìn)行高層次評(píng)價(jià)，或由此引發(fā)一種深層次思考，具有記敘與議論的雙重性，文情并茂，發(fā)人深思。解題時(shí)，應(yīng)借助上下文乃至全文的語境揣摩作者的心境，及其對(duì)各個(gè)角色、各個(gè)事件的態(tài)度。

【命題規(guī)律】
一、先敘述作者自己的某一個(gè)生活經(jīng)歷或見聞，然后針對(duì)這一事件發(fā)表自己對(duì)生活的看法，或揭示生活的
真理。
二、作者先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例加以說明，有時(shí)也可能是用幾個(gè)
事例從不同的側(cè)面來說明。
三、提出一種觀點(diǎn)或見解，然后用某一事例來闡述這一觀點(diǎn)，最后再進(jìn)一步地總結(jié)和升華。
此類完形填空三種結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)如下表：
1
事例—觀點(diǎn)
先敘述作者自己親歷或所見所聞的一件事情，然后針對(duì)這件事情發(fā)表自己對(duì)生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2
觀點(diǎn)—事例
先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例來說明，一般是一個(gè)事例，有時(shí)也會(huì)用幾個(gè)事例從不同的側(cè)面加以說明。
3
觀點(diǎn)—事例—觀點(diǎn)
提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法，然后用事例說明，最后再進(jìn)一步闡述或總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。

【應(yīng)對(duì)策略】
一、關(guān)注首句，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意
通過首句可以明確文章話題，了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。尾句往往是作者的點(diǎn)睛之筆，通過尾句一般可以更加真實(shí)、確切地體會(huì)到作者的寫作意圖、對(duì)待事件的真實(shí)態(tài)度等核心內(nèi)容。
例：
From my second grade on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital(獨(dú)奏會(huì))和尾句的With his first recital，my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30plus years ago.表明了文章的主旨：作者本來很反感彈鋼琴，但是父親的行為感動(dòng)了自己。作者認(rèn)為他的實(shí)際行動(dòng)比30多年以前說的話更有感染力。
二、注重語境，理清行文邏輯
夾敘夾議文以敘述為主，絕大部分篇幅是在描述事件，而作者的觀點(diǎn)及態(tài)度往往隱含在敘述中，這就要求考生增強(qiáng)語篇意識(shí)，抓住文章的敘事線索，弄清文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容做出選擇，并適當(dāng)進(jìn)行邏輯推理是解題的關(guān)鍵。
三、找準(zhǔn)標(biāo)志詞，弄清故事發(fā)展模式
夾敘夾議文通常使用對(duì)比、強(qiáng)調(diào)、讓步、舉例、結(jié)論、順序和對(duì)照等手段?？忌鷳?yīng)注意觀察文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，根據(jù)表達(dá)這些手段的銜接詞來正確理解故事情節(jié)。
常見標(biāo)志詞有：(1)并列關(guān)系：and，not only...but also，that is to say等；(2)因果關(guān)系：because，for，so that，in order that，due to，thanks to，thus，therefore，so等；(3)對(duì)比關(guān)系：while，whereas，as，rather than，instead of等；(4)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：although，though，even if，nevertheless，despite，but，yet，however，on the contrary等；(5)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：also，then，besides，in addition，furthermore，what’s more等；(6)順序關(guān)系：first，then，on the one hand等；(7)轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)掝}：by the way，what I really mean...等。
_____

優(yōu)選真題演練

2021年新高考全國I卷
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講了在一次春假時(shí)，我去工廠打工賺錢，感觸頗多。父親認(rèn)為這種工作不僅能讓小孩子感謝得到的報(bào)酬，而且能夠?qū)W會(huì)尊重那些從事這項(xiàng)工作的人。
【41題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父親是霍夫面包店的經(jīng)理，在復(fù)活節(jié)期間，這家面包店為克利夫蘭所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold銷售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved預(yù)定。根據(jù)“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，這家面包店為克利夫蘭所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故選C。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父親是霍夫面包店的經(jīng)理，在復(fù)活節(jié)期間，這家面包店為克利夫蘭所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools學(xué)校；D. citizens市民。根據(jù)“throughout Cleveland”結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，可知這里指的是這家面包店為克利夫蘭所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故選A。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：春假期間，市中心的工廠需要八個(gè)孩子臨時(shí)幫忙，我除了聽我最喜歡的唱片沒有別的計(jì)劃。A. generous慷慨的； B. financial財(cái)政的；C. technical技術(shù)的； D. temporary暫時(shí)的。根據(jù)“during our spring break”可知這是一份臨時(shí)性的工作。故選D。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：春假期間，市中心的工廠需要八個(gè)孩子臨時(shí)幫忙，我除了聽我最喜歡的唱片沒有別的計(jì)劃。A. plans計(jì)劃；B. problems問題；C. excuses借口； D. hobbies愛好。根據(jù)“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我沒有其他計(jì)劃。故選A。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我掙的是最低工資。A. offer提供；B. earn掙得； C. set放置；D. suggest建議。根據(jù)“minimum wage”可知我掙的是最低工資。故選B。
【46題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想看看工廠是如何運(yùn)作的。A. worked運(yùn)作；B. closed關(guān)閉；C. developed發(fā)展；D. survived幸存。根據(jù)“I'd see how a factory”可知這里意思是我想看看工廠是如何運(yùn)作的。故選A。
【47題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母認(rèn)為這一切都是一個(gè)偉大的主意，并打電話給Betsy的父親，得到了他們的同意。A. ambition抱負(fù)；B. permission允許；C. experience經(jīng)歷； D. invitation邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我們已經(jīng)在工廠工作了，所以必然是得到了他們的同意。故選B。
【48題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)诠S的任務(wù)很簡(jiǎn)單：把蛋糕放在移動(dòng)的傳送帶上。附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子從傳送帶上拿下來。A. joys歡樂； B. ideas觀點(diǎn)；C. roles任務(wù)； D. choices選擇。根據(jù)“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知這是我們的任務(wù)。故選C。
【49題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)诠S的任務(wù)很簡(jiǎn)單：把蛋糕放在移動(dòng)的傳送帶上。附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子從傳送帶上拿下來。A. Save節(jié)??；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移動(dòng)。根據(jù)“bunny from the belt.”可知這里意思是把兔子從傳送帶上拿下來。故選D。
【50題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這比聽起來難多了。A. harder更難的；B. better更好的； C. longer更長的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根據(jù)“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知這項(xiàng)工作比聽起來更難。故選A。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：慢一點(diǎn)，蛋糕就堆起來了。A. Calm down平靜下來； B. Slow down慢一點(diǎn)；C. Stay on繼續(xù)停留；D. Move on往前走。根據(jù)“and the cakes pile up”可知這里意思是慢一點(diǎn)，就會(huì)造成蛋糕堆積起來的后果。故選B。
【52題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：正如我在第一個(gè)晚上的晚餐上告訴父母的那樣，一切都比我預(yù)料的要緊張。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目擊； C. expected預(yù)料；D. remembered記得。根據(jù)“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的實(shí)際情況比我預(yù)料的要緊張。故選C。
【53題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：父親笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated猶豫； D. refused拒絕。根據(jù)“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，可知父親看到我在第一次掙錢的經(jīng)歷中有所感悟和收獲，聯(lián)想到自己童年時(shí)類似的經(jīng)歷，父親會(huì)心的笑了。故選B。
【54題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)雜貨商的兒子，他童年的夏天都在新澤西的貝馬茲維爾送外賣。A. tasting品嘗；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送貨。根據(jù)“The son of a grocer”可知作為一個(gè)雜貨商的兒子，他童年的夏天都在新澤西的貝馬茲維爾送外賣。故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴我，這種工作能讓你感激得到的報(bào)酬，并尊重那些從事這項(xiàng)工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐贈(zèng)； C. receive收到；D. appreciate欣賞。根據(jù)“the dollars you earned”結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，可知孩子們會(huì)感激并且非常珍惜自己勞動(dòng)得到的報(bào)酬。故選D。

2021年新高考全國II卷
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times,and has even learned to ____21____ different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor".
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a ____22____ However,he is more devoted to his “____23____ "than any real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the ____24____，Wang disguised（偽裝）himself and ____25____ the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the ____26____ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the ____27____ of the beggars.
“I often ____28____ them to drink alcohol. Once they were ____29____,they began to talk a lot,"Wang said. “I'd then ____30____ myself to use the toilet, ____31____ what the beggars said, and send the ____32____ to my teammates.”
Wang，who is often in ____33____ situations， is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can ____34____ from me," he said.
Wang's ____35____ won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.
21. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak
22. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman
23. A. role B. study C. family D. audience
24. A. minor B. case C. future D. question
25. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted
26. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom
27. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust
28. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected
29. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost
30. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow
31. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out
32. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information
33. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange
34. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear
35. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是夾敘夾議文。講述了警察王先生在過去的38年里，多次假扮別人，甚至學(xué)會(huì)了說不同的方言，不顧危險(xiǎn)混入犯罪團(tuán)伙，成功破案的故事。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去的38年里，王先生多次假扮別人，甚至學(xué)會(huì)了說不同的方言，這讓他被稱為“奧斯卡獲獎(jiǎng)演員”。A.teach 教授；B.compare 比較；C.assess評(píng)估； D.speak講話。根據(jù)“Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成別人，還會(huì)講不同的方言。故填D。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位60歲的老人不是演員，而是警察。A.lawyer 律師；B.doctor醫(yī)生； C.policeman 警察；D.businessman 商人。根據(jù)“To look into the 　　　　　　　　，Wang disguised（偽裝）himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.”可知，王先生是一名警察。故填C。
【23題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演員都更專注于他的“角色”。A.role 角色；B.study學(xué)習(xí)； C.family 家庭；D.audience觀眾。根據(jù)“than any real actor.”可知，王投身于演員的角色中。故填A(yù)。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了調(diào)查這個(gè)案子,王偽裝自己并加入了乞丐中。A.minor 未成年人，輔修；B.case 情況,案件；C.future 未來；D.question問題。根據(jù)“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，這是一起犯罪案件。故填B。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了調(diào)查這個(gè)案子,王偽裝自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed采訪； B.joined 加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted協(xié)助。根據(jù)“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：骯臟的短褲和舊鞋子使他看起來像一個(gè)真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快贏得了乞丐們的信任。A.challenge 挑戰(zhàn)；B.experience 經(jīng)歷；C.appearance出現(xiàn)，外表； D.freedom自由。根據(jù)“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，這是描述外表。故填C。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：骯臟的短褲和舊鞋子使他看起來像一個(gè)真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快贏得了乞丐們的信任。A.vote 投票；B.sympathy 同情；C.permission 批準(zhǔn)；D.trust 信任。根據(jù)“ his convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言講得好，贏得乞丐們信任。故填D。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我經(jīng)常邀請(qǐng)他們喝酒。一旦他們喝醉了，他們就開始說很多話。A.invited 邀請(qǐng)；B.forced 強(qiáng)迫；C.helped 幫助；D.expected期待。根據(jù)“them to drink alcohol”可知，為了套話，王先生請(qǐng)他們喝酒。故填A(yù)。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我經(jīng)常邀請(qǐng)他們喝酒。一旦他們喝醉了，他們就開始說很多話。A.drunk喝醉的； B.deserted拋棄的； C.bored 無聊的；D.lost失去的。根據(jù)“them to drink alcohol”可知，話多是在喝醉后。故填A(yù)。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我會(huì)借口自己去廁所，記下乞丐說了什么，然后把信息發(fā)給我的隊(duì)友。A.guide 引導(dǎo)；B.persuade勸說； C.excuse 找借口；D.allow允許。根據(jù)“and send the _____ to my teammates.”可知，為了發(fā)送出信息，王借口去廁所。故填C。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：然后我會(huì)借口自己去廁所，記下乞丐說了什么，然后把信息發(fā)給我的隊(duì)友。A.refer to 指的是；B.note down作記錄; C.ask about 詢問；D.miss out 錯(cuò)過，遺漏。根據(jù)“what the beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言記下來。故填B。
【32題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我會(huì)借口自己去廁所，記下乞丐說了什么，然后把信息發(fā)給我的隊(duì)友。A.plan 計(jì)劃；B.agreement 同意；C.direction 指導(dǎo)；D.information 信息。根據(jù)“what the beggars said, ”可知，這是重要信息。故填D。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：王是經(jīng)常在危險(xiǎn)的情況下,也是一個(gè)柔道大師。A.awkward 尷尬的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的； C.unfortunate 不幸的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)“ no criminal can 　　　　　　　　 from me,"”可知，經(jīng)常處于犯罪分子中，這是很危險(xiǎn)的情況。故填B。
【34題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“只要我離得夠近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他說。A.separate 分離；B.recover恢復(fù)； C.escape 逃避；D.hear 聽到。根據(jù)“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身為柔道大師，他不放過罪犯。故填C。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：王的勇氣為他贏得了許多榮譽(yù)，包括一枚全國五一勞動(dòng)獎(jiǎng)?wù)潞?1項(xiàng)嘉獎(jiǎng)。A.courage 勇氣；B.honesty 誠實(shí)；C.kindness 善良；D.optimism 樂觀。根據(jù)“Wang disguised（偽裝）himself”可知，王喬裝打扮混入罪犯團(tuán)伙，勇氣可嘉。故填A(yù)。
_____
名校好題必測(cè)

湖北省黃岡市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中考試英語試題
Our house was near a hospital. We lived downstairs and rented the upstairs rooms to out-patients in the hospital.
One summer evening as I was____21____ supper, there was a knock at the door. I opened it to see a truly awful — looking man. He was____22____ taller than my eight- year- old son. I would lose roomers by____23____ such people. Yet his voice was____24____ as he said, “ Good evening. I’ve come to see if you have a____25____ for just one night. I came for a treatment this morning. There is no bus until tomorrow morning.” For a moment, I hesitated, but his next words ____26____ me, “I could sleep in this rocking chair on the porch. My____27____ leaves quite early in the morning.”
When I finished fixing supper, I asked him if he would____28____ us. He politely refused. Later, I went out on the porch to talk with him. Soon I found this old man had an oversized heart crowded into that tiny____29____. He told- me he fished for a living to____30____ his five children. He didn’t tell it by way of____31____. He was____32____ that no pain accompanied his disease though the disease affected his life to some degree… “Could I please come back and stay the next time I have a____33____?” Before he left for his bus, he said, as if asking for a great____34____. I told him he was welcome to come again.
Over these years, when he came to stay overnight with us. there was never a time that he didn’t bring us marine food. I know our family will always be grateful to have known him. From him, we learned what it was to____35____ the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.
21. A. having B. preparing C. ordering D. finishing
22. A. undoubtedly B. ultimately C. hardly D. surely
23. A. putting up B. mixing with C. turning down D. picking out
24. A. small B. clear C. cold D. pleasant
25. A. room B. chair C. house D. garden
26. A. delighted B. astonished C. convinced D. comforted
27. A. friend B. doctor C. train D. bus
28. A. serve B. join C. approach D. help
29. A. body B. brain C. mind D. soul
30. A. encourage B. adopt C. support D. teach
31. A. complaint B. doubt C. example D. attack
32. A. aware B. grateful C. determined D. guilty
33. A. sleep B. talk C. treatment D. commitment
34. A. donation B. tip C. dish D. favor
35. A. refuse B. accept C. recognize D. employ
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了有一天，一個(gè)長相丑陋的病人來租“我”家的房子。沒有和其他房東一樣拒絕他，我收留了他一個(gè)晚上。晚上和他的談話中，“我”了解了他的故事，發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個(gè)很了不起的人。隨后的幾年，每次看病，他總是會(huì)給我們帶些東西表示感謝。從他那里，我們學(xué)到了什么是坦然，面對(duì)不幸而毫無怨言，并懷著感恩的心接受美好。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)夏天的晚上，當(dāng)我正在準(zhǔn)備晚飯時(shí)，有人敲門。A. having擁有；B. preparing準(zhǔn)備；C. ordering下單；D. finishing完成。根據(jù)后文“When I finished fixing supper, I asked him if he would________ us. (當(dāng)我做好晚飯時(shí)，我問他是否愿意和我們一起吃)”得知，作者這個(gè)時(shí)候在準(zhǔn)備晚餐，并沒有吃完晚餐。故選B。
【22題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他比我八歲的兒子高不了多少。A. undoubtedly無疑；B. ultimately最后地；C. hardly幾乎不；D. surely肯定地。根據(jù)后文“Soon I found this old man had an oversized heart crowded into that tiny __________(很快，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)老人的小身體里有著一顆偉岸的心)”可知，這個(gè)男人比我八歲的兒子高不了多少。故選C。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：讓這樣的人住我就會(huì)失去房客。A. putting up提供；B. mixing with和……混合；C. turning down拒絕；D. picking out挑選出。根據(jù)上文“I opened it to see a truly awful — looking man. (我打開門，看到一個(gè)面目猙獰的男人)” 以及后文“I’ve come to see if you have a________ for just one night (我來看看你們是否有房間，就住一晚)”可知，我如果留宿這樣的人，會(huì)流失不少房客。故選A。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他的聲音很悅耳。A. small小的；B. clear清楚的；C. cold寒冷的；D. pleasant愉快的。根據(jù)后句“ Good evening. I’ve come to see if you have a________ for just one night. (晚上好。我來看看你們是否有房間，就住一晚)” 可知，形成對(duì)比關(guān)系。外表令人不舒服，但聲音是令人愉快的；“pleasant(愉快的)”與上文的“awful-looking(讓人討厭的)”。故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：晚上好。我來看看你們是否有房間，就住一晚。A. room房間；B. chair椅子；C. house房子；D. garden公園。根據(jù)第一段“Our house was near a hospital. We lived downstairs and rented the upstairs rooms to out-patients in the hospital(我們的房子靠近一家醫(yī)院。我們住在樓下，把樓上的房間租給醫(yī)院的門診病人)”得知作者出租樓上的房間。故選A。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但他接下來的話說服了我，“我可以睡在門廊的搖椅上……”。A. delighted高興；B. astonished吃驚；C. convinced使確信；D. comforted安慰。根據(jù)后句“I could sleep in this rocking chair on the porch.(我可以睡在門廊的搖椅上)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，他的話說服了我，我讓他住了下來。故選C。
【27題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的公共汽車一大早就出發(fā)。A. friend朋友；B. doctor醫(yī)生；C. train火車；D. bus公共汽車。根據(jù)上文“There is no bus until tomorrow morning(明天上午才有公共汽車)”可知，病人要搭第二天的車回家。故選D。
【28題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我做好晚飯時(shí)，我問他是否愿意和我們一起吃。A. serve服務(wù)；B. join參加；C. approach接近；D. help幫助。根據(jù)上句“When I finished fixing supper (當(dāng)我做好晚飯時(shí))”可知，當(dāng)作者做好飯時(shí)，作者邀請(qǐng)病人加入他們一起吃飯。故選B。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位病人瘦小的身軀里有著偉岸的心靈。A. body身體；B. brain大腦；C. mind頭腦；D. soul靈魂。根據(jù)上文“He was_______ taller than my eight- year- old son. (他比我八歲的兒子高不了多少)”以及后句“He told- me he fished for a living to_______ his five children. He didn’t tell it by way of_______ (他告訴我他以捕魚為生來養(yǎng)活他的五個(gè)孩子。他不是以抱怨的口吻講述這些事的)”可知，這位病人瘦小的身軀里有著偉岸的心靈。故選A。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴我他以捕魚為生來養(yǎng)活他的五個(gè)孩子。A. encourage鼓舞；B. adopt采用；C. support支持；D. teach教。根據(jù)本句“his five children (他的五個(gè)孩子)”可知，他以捕魚為生來養(yǎng)活他的五個(gè)孩子。故選C。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他不是以抱怨的口吻講述這些事的。A. complaint抱怨；B. doubt懷疑；C. example例子；D. attack襲擊。根據(jù)后文“He was_______ that no pain accompanied his disease though the disease affected his life to some degree(雖然疾病在某種程度上影響了他的生活，但他很感激沒有痛苦伴隨他的疾病)”可知，他不是以抱怨的口吻講述這些事的。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然疾病在某種程度上影響了他的生活，但他很感激沒有痛苦伴隨他的疾病。A. aware知道的；B. grateful感激的；C. determined堅(jiān)定的；D. guilty有罪的。根據(jù)本句“no pain accompanied his disease(他生病時(shí)沒有疼痛)”可知，他很感激沒有痛苦伴隨他的疾病。故選B。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我能在下次治療的時(shí)候回來住嗎？A. sleep睡覺；B. talk談話；C. treatment治療；D. commitment忠誠。根據(jù)上文“I came for a treatment this morning.(我今天早上來治療的)”可知，男人文下次治療的時(shí)候是否可以回來住。故選C。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他去坐公共汽車之前，他說，好像在求我?guī)蛡€(gè)大忙。A. donation捐贈(zèng)；B. tip建議；C. dish菜肴；D. favor贊同，幫助。根據(jù)上文“Could I please come back and stay the next time I have a_______?(我能在下次治療的時(shí)候回來住嗎？)”可知，男人文下次治療的時(shí)候是否可以回來住，好像在求我?guī)蛡€(gè)大忙。故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從他那里，我們學(xué)會(huì)了什么是無怨無悔地接受壞，感恩地接受好。A. refuse拒絕；B. accept接受；C. recognize辨認(rèn)出；D. employ雇傭。根據(jù)上文“He told- me he fished for a living to_______ his five children. He didn’t tell it by way of_______ (他告訴我他以捕魚為生來養(yǎng)活他的五個(gè)孩子。他不是以抱怨的口吻講述這些事的)”可知，他是無怨無悔地接受壞，感恩地接受好。故選B。
山東省濰坊市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題
I was having a hard time trying to find work. The economy in our area was in pretty ____21____ shape. And I was ____22____ for what to do next when I answered the online ____23____.
NEEDED: someone to cut and split (劈) wood.
I drove to the address and there on the front field was a huge ____24____ Elm tree blown by strong winds. An old lady was sitting ____25____ at the door. We ____26____ on $150 to do the job.
The old Elm was tougher than I had ____27____. My chainsaw (電鋸) cut it fine, but when I tried to split it, my chainsaw was ____28____. So I had to borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour.
I managed to finish the task at dusk. As she looked at the huge pile of wood on the lawn, an ____29____ expression worked its way across her face. She invited me in for ______30______. With tears building up in her eyes, she ______31______ me a sandwich and said, “I am sorry... the $150 I promised to pay you is going ______32______. I had it in my purse but nowhere to be found. That is what ______33______ money I have saved for half a year.”
Seeing her home was not ______34______, I realized she was having a hardship worse than I. I comforted her and then ______35______ what firewood would fit into her wood storage room.
On the way home I thought to myself… “It Is What It Is”.
21. A. rough B. unique C. different D. active
22. A. at a time B. at a loss C. in a way D. in the mood
23. A. course B. platform C. advertisement D. activity
24. A. growing B. upstanding C. rotten D. fallen
25. A. helplessly B. happily C. thoughtfully D. leisurely
26. A. insisted B. agreed C. looked D. depended
27. A. anticipated B. mentioned C. remembered D. experienced
28. A. unusual B. sharp C. useless D. faultless
29. A. astonished B. annoyed C. abstract D. anxious
30. A. breath B. dinner C. shift D. money
31. A. served B. returned C. owed D. bought
32. A. fast B. short C. missing D. shopping
33. A. extra B. remaining C. much D. little
34. A. attractive B. old-fashioned C. decent D. secure
35. A. piled B. changed C. backed D. broke
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)檎也坏焦ぷ鳎缓迷诰W(wǎng)上接些臨工廣告。作者接到一個(gè)被大風(fēng)吹倒的大樹需要伐木的生意，作者伐完木之后，老婦人積攢了半年并答應(yīng)作者應(yīng)付的150美元不見了。作者看到老婦人不太體面的家庭，意識(shí)到她比自己更困難。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們這個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況相當(dāng)糟糕。 A. rough艱難的；B. unique獨(dú)特的；C. different不同的；D. active積極的。根據(jù)“I was having a hard time trying to find work.”可知，作者找工作困難，說明經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況相當(dāng)糟糕。故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我去接網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告時(shí)，我不知道下一步該做什么。A. at a time每次；B. at a loss不知所措；C. in a way在某種程度上；D. in the mood心情好。根據(jù)“what to do next”可知，作者在網(wǎng)上接一些活，具體下一步做什么，作者不知所措。故選B。
【23題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我去接網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告時(shí)，我不知道下一步該做什么。A. course過程；B. platform平臺(tái)；C. advertisement廣告；D. activity活動(dòng)。根據(jù)“NEEDED: someone to cut and split (劈) wood.”可知，作者是在網(wǎng)上接一些臨工廣告。故選C。
【24題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開車去了那個(gè)地址，前面的空地上有一棵巨大的榆樹被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹倒了。A. growing增強(qiáng)的；B. upstanding正直的；C. rotten腐爛的；D. fallen落下的。根據(jù)“Elm tree blown by strong winds.”和常識(shí)可知，大樹是被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹倒的。故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一位老婦人無助地坐在門口。 A. helplessly無助地；B. happily快樂地；C. thoughtfully深思地；D. leisurely休閑地。根據(jù)“NEEDED: someone to cut and split (劈) wood.”可知，老婦人登廣告找人伐木，說明她當(dāng)時(shí)是無助的。故選A。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們同意150美元做這項(xiàng)工作。A. insisted堅(jiān)持；B. agreed同意；C. looked看；D. depended依靠。根據(jù)“I am sorry... the $150 I promised to pay you is going _____12_____.”可知，老婦人同意花150美元讓作者做這項(xiàng)工作。故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：老榆樹比我預(yù)期的要結(jié)實(shí)。 A. anticipated預(yù)期；B. mentioned提及；C. remembered記得；D. experienced體驗(yàn)。根據(jù)“So I had to borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour.”可知，作者不得不借劈柴器，說明老榆樹比作者預(yù)期的要結(jié)實(shí)。故選A。
【28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的電鋸切得很好，但當(dāng)我想把它劈開時(shí)，我的電鋸就沒用了。A. unusual異常的；B. sharp靈敏的；C. useless無用的；D. faultless完美的。根據(jù)“So I had to borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour.”可知，作者的電鋸沒有用，所以不得不借劈柴器。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她看著草坪上那一大堆木頭時(shí)，一種焦慮的表情掠過她的臉龐。 A. astonished驚訝的；B. annoyed惱怒的；C. abstract抽象的；D. anxious焦急的。根據(jù)“With tears building up in her eyes, she _________ me a sandwich and said, “I am sorry... the $150 I promised to pay you is going ________. I had it in my purse but nowhere to be found. That is what __________ money I have saved for half a year.””可知，老婦人答應(yīng)給作者的150美元不見了，所以當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)是焦慮的。故選D。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她邀請(qǐng)我進(jìn)去吃晚飯。A. breath呼吸；B. dinner晚餐；C. shift輪班；D. money金錢。根據(jù)“I managed to finish the task at dusk.”可知，作者在黃昏時(shí)完成了任務(wù)，所以老婦人邀請(qǐng)作者吃晚飯。故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她眼里滿是淚水，遞給我一個(gè)三明治，說：“對(duì)不起……我答應(yīng)付給你的150美元不見了。我把它放在包里，但哪兒也找不到。這是我半年來存的一點(diǎn)錢。”A. served服務(wù)；招待；B. returned返回；C. owed把……歸功于；D. bought買。根據(jù)“She invited me in for ________.”可知，老婦人用三明治招待作者。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：她眼里滿是淚水，遞給我一個(gè)三明治，說：“對(duì)不起……我答應(yīng)付給你的150美元不見了。我把它放在包里，但哪兒也找不到。這是我半年來存的一點(diǎn)錢。”A. fast快的；B. short短的；C. missing丟失的； D. shopping購買。根據(jù)“I had it in my purse but nowhere to be found.”可知，老婦人的150美元不見了。故選C。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她眼里滿是淚水，遞給我一個(gè)三明治，說：“對(duì)不起……我答應(yīng)付給你的150美元不見了。我把它放在包里，但哪兒也找不到。這是我半年來存的一點(diǎn)錢。”A. extra額外的；B. remaining剩余的；C. much多的；D. little少的，一點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“I have saved for half a year.”可知，150美元是老婦人半年來才存的一點(diǎn)錢。故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看到她的家不體面，我意識(shí)到她的困難比我更嚴(yán)重。 A. attractive有吸引力的；B. old-fashioned老式的；C. decent體面的；D. secure安全的。根據(jù)“I realized she was having a hardship worse than I.”可知，老婦人的家是不體面的。故選C。
【35題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我安慰她，然后把能裝下的柴火堆進(jìn)她的木頭儲(chǔ)藏室。A. piled堆積；B. changed改變；C. backed后退；D. broke打破。根據(jù)“what firewood would fit into her wood storage room.”可知，作者幫助老婦人把劈下來的木材堆進(jìn)她的木頭儲(chǔ)藏室里。故選A。

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