1.adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的，可調(diào)節(jié)的?The height f the bicycle seat is adjustable.這輛自行車車座的高度可以調(diào)節(jié)。?It tk several secnds fr his eyes t adjust t the dark.幾秒鐘后他的眼睛才適應(yīng)了黑暗。?When a child is studying abrad, he must learn t adjust t living n his wn.當(dāng)孩子出國留學(xué)時，他必須學(xué)會適應(yīng)獨自生活。?They have decided t make a few adjustments t their travelling plan.他們已經(jīng)決定對他們的旅行計劃做出一些調(diào)整。
[歸納探究](1)adjustable seat belts 可調(diào)節(jié)的安全帶(2)adjust t ding sth. 習(xí)慣做某事adjust neself t 使自己適應(yīng)adjust ne's seat 調(diào)整某人的座位(3)make adjustments/an adjustment 作出調(diào)整?[單詞積累]adjust v．調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)，適應(yīng)adjustment n．調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空①These sfas are well-suited fr apartment living because they're ________ (adjust) and can be taken apart when we mve.②Sme schls will have t make __________ (adjust) in agreement with the natinal sccer refrm.
adjustments
2.available adj.可用的，可獲得的，有空的?Tickets are available free f charge frm the schl.學(xué)校有免費票。?Further infrmatin is available n request.詳情備索。?This is the nly rm available.這是唯一可用的房間。?Will she be available this afternn？今天下午她有空嗎？[歸納探究]available resurces/facilities 可利用的資源/設(shè)備be available t sb. 對某人來說是可使用的/可獲得的be available t d sth. 可供使用做某事be available fr... 可用于……
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空①Cnvenient transprtatin is available _____ peple frm nearly every district.②Are yu available ________ (talk) with me this afternn?
3．balance n．平衡，均勻　vt.使平衡?Keeping the balance between humans and animals is f much imprtance t everyne.保持人和動物之間的平衡對每個人都很重要。?Riding a bike helps develp a child's sense f balance.騎自行車有助于培養(yǎng)孩子的平衡感。?Only in this way can we balance study against pleasure.只有用這種方式我們才能勞逸結(jié)合。?They can balance wrk and study and plan their time prperly.他們能夠平衡工作和學(xué)習(xí)，并且合理安排自己的時間。?A balanced diet prvides nutritin fr yur bdy.均衡的飲食為你的身體提供營養(yǎng)。
[歸納探究](1)keep the balance f nature 保持生態(tài)平衡keep (ne's) balance 保持平衡lse (ne's) balance 失去平衡keep a/the balance between A and B 保持A和B之間的平衡(2)balance A with/and B 同等重視A和Bbalance A against B 權(quán)衡A和B(3)keep/eat a balanced diet 保持飲食均衡
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空①It's very imprtant t keep a balance ________ making and spending mney.②Yu'd better keep a ________ (balance) diet fr the benefit f yur health.③Befre making the final decisin, yu'd better balance the advantages ________ the disadvantages.
4．invlve v．包含，需要；牽涉；(使)參加?Painting the rm invlved mving ut the pian.粉刷房間需要把鋼琴搬出去。?I seem t have invlved myself in smething I dn't understand.我似乎卷入了一件我并不知情的事情當(dāng)中。?N matter what yu like t d, there is a way t get invlved in varius activities n Earth Day.無論你喜歡做什么，有一個方法可以讓你參與地球日的各種活動。?Invlving themselves in the cmmunity services, students can gain experience fr grwth.參與社區(qū)服務(wù)，學(xué)生可以獲得成長的經(jīng)驗。
[歸納探究]invlve ding sth. 包含做某事invlve sb./ne's ding sth. 需要某人做某事invlve sb. in (ding) sth. 使某人參與(做)某事be invlved with 與……關(guān)系密切/專心于be/becme/get invlved in 參與
[熟詞生義]The jb invlves me travelling all ver the cuntry.這份工作需要我在全國各地跑。(vt.需要)?[名師指津]　invlved的位置決定意思invlved作前置定語時，意為“復(fù)雜的”，作后置定語時，意為“涉及的”。His new stry has the invlved plt.(前置定語)他新寫的這本小說有復(fù)雜的情節(jié)。We'll make ur decisin and cntact the peple invlved．(后置定語)我們將做出決定，然后與有關(guān)人員聯(lián)系。
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空①The test will invlve ________ (answer) questins abut histry.②The jb invlves my ________ (travel) all ver the cuntry．③Parents shuld invlve themselves _____ their children's educatin.
5.respnse n．回答，答復(fù)　vt. & vi.回答?This nvel abut city life has received a psitive respnse frm readers.這部關(guān)于城市生活的小說得到了讀者的好評。?Since the effects were small, this may suggest that ur creative thinking des nt differ that much in respnse t ttal silence and 85 decibels f backgrund nise.由于影響很小，這可能表明，我們的創(chuàng)造性思維在完全安靜和85分貝的背景噪音下的反應(yīng)沒有太大區(qū)別。?They still haven't respnded t my letter.他們還沒有給我回信。?He respnded that he wuldn't agree.他回答說他不會同意。
[歸納探究](1)in respnse t... 對……做出反應(yīng)make a respnse t... 對……做出回答/回應(yīng)make n respnse 未做回應(yīng)make a psitive respnse t... 對……積極回應(yīng)receive an encuraging respnse frm... 從……得到令人鼓舞的回應(yīng)(2)respnd t 答復(fù)……；對……做出反應(yīng)
[單詞積累]respnd vi.做出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)　vt. & vi.回答?[誤區(qū)警示]　表示“對……回應(yīng)”，無論用動詞respnd還是用名詞respnse，均搭配介詞t。后加介詞t的名詞有：the reply t 　 對……的回復(fù)the key t ……的鑰匙/答案the answer t ……的答案the entrance t ……的入口the apprach t ……的方法
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空①The prduct was develped in respnse ________ custmer demand.②We've had a very psitive ________ (respnd) t the idea.③I kncked n the dr but there was n ________ (respnd).
6．keep track f記錄，跟蹤；了解，與……保持聯(lián)系(→track n．足跡，蹤跡；小路；軌道　v．跟蹤；追蹤)?I use a small ntebk t keep track f all the new sentences I learn.我用一個小筆記本記錄我所學(xué)到的所有新句子。?I quickly lst her track in the crwd.我很快就在人群中與她失去了聯(lián)系。?A track runs acrss the field t his huse.一條小路穿過田野通到他的家。?The tram is being switched n t anther track.有軌電車正被移至另外一條軌道上。?It's difficult t track an animal right after rain.剛下完雨后要追蹤動物是困難的。
[歸納探究](1)keep track f yur fitness 記錄你的健康狀況be n the right/wrng track 思路正確/錯誤n the track f 跟蹤，追趕，尾隨lse track f 不了解……的動態(tài)，與……失去聯(lián)系fllw his tracks 循著他的足跡(2)track dwn 搜尋到；跟蹤找到；追查到?[單詞積累]track n．足跡，蹤跡；小路；軌道　v．跟蹤；追蹤
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空①Keep a recrd and evaluate it weekly. Keep track ________ yur effrts and write dwn hw yu feel.②I'm ________ the track f a valuable painting.③Dn't lst track ________ yur gals.④The thief was clsely ________ (track) by the plicemen.
熟記下列重要單詞及短語①enter the cmpetitin　　參加比賽②whether... r... 無論……還是……③enable sb. t d sth. 使某人有能力做某事④place an rder 訂購⑤due t 由于，因為⑥be fnd f 喜歡⑦make up fr 彌補⑧deal with pressure 應(yīng)對壓力⑨give up 放棄⑩wrk ut 制訂出，計算出
動詞不定式作定語和結(jié)果狀語一、語法現(xiàn)象感知①It is fun enugh t attract millins f peple.②This might sund funny, but ne nly has t think abut the Earth t realise that ur planet is shaped like a ftball.③That ftball is such a simple game t play is perhaps the basis f its ppularity.④Yu d nt have t be a fan t recgnise the skill f prfessinal players...⑤What's mre, ftball has becme ne f the best ways fr peple t cmmunicate: it des nt require wrds, but everyne understands it.
⑥I wuld really like t interview Yang Liwei because he is nt nly the first Chinese t g t space but als ne f the greatest astrnauts in the wrld.⑦He wuld be the last t agree t the plan.⑧The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.⑨I need a pen t write with.⑩Tm tk a taxi t the airprt, nly t find his plane high up in the sky.
二、語法規(guī)則理解1．句①、②中的不定式短語作________狀語。2．句③、④、⑤中的不定式短語作________。3．由句⑥⑦可以看出，當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級以及the next, the nly, the last等修飾時，常用______________。4．由句⑧可以看出，動詞不定式作定語用來修飾的詞是________，常見的有：ability, chance, time, ambitin, ffer, anxiety, answer, reply, attempt, belief等。5．由句⑨可以看出，不及物動詞構(gòu)成的不定式作定語，要加上適當(dāng)?shù)腳_______和被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，這里的介詞不能省略。6．由句⑩可以看出，不定式作結(jié)果狀語常常表示_____________。
動詞不定式作定語和結(jié)果狀語一、理解概念不定式的形式及意義
?Thusands f yung peple are learning t ski.成千上萬的年輕人在學(xué)習(xí)滑雪。?He asked me t help him with the task.他讓我?guī)退鲞@個任務(wù)。?He is said t be writing a preface t the bk.據(jù)說他正在為這本書寫前言。?The girl was reprted t have been lst fr a mnth.據(jù)報道那個女孩已經(jīng)失蹤一個月了。
微點撥一般而言，不定式的邏輯主語是構(gòu)成不定式的動詞所表示動作的執(zhí)行者時不定式用主動形式，不定式的邏輯主語是構(gòu)成不定式的動詞所表示動作的承受者時不定式用被動形式。The dctr recmmended him t air the rm.醫(yī)生建議他讓房間透透氣。The dctr recmmended the rm t be aired.醫(yī)生建議讓房間透透氣。
二、語法規(guī)則1．動詞不定式作定語(1)不定式作定語常表示將來的動作。?The questin t be discussed at the meeting is very imprtant.將在會議上討論的那個問題非常重要。(2)不定式常放在某些名詞或代詞后作定語。如果作定語的不定式是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后需要加相應(yīng)的介詞。?He has n pen t write with.他沒有鋼筆寫字。
(3)不定式用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級或n, all, any等限定的中心詞，且與中心詞之間為邏輯上的主動關(guān)系。?He is always the first t arrive at the schl and the last t leave the schl.他總是第一個到校，最后一個離校。(4)被修飾詞是抽象名詞時，常用不定式作定語。常見的該類名詞有：ability, chance, idea, hpe, wish, fact, excuse, prmise, attempt, way等。?His wish t buy a car came true.他要買輛車的愿望實現(xiàn)了。
2．動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(1)不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示出乎意料的或不好的結(jié)果，表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之后時通常用一般式。?A few days later he came back t find that the trps had left.幾天之后他回來了，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)部隊已經(jīng)離開了。(2)不定式前常有nly或just，而且不定式前可加上其自身的邏輯主語(fr...)。?He tried his best t prepare fr the cntest, nly t be tld it was cancelled.他全力以赴地為這次競賽做準(zhǔn)備，結(jié)果卻被告知競賽取消了。?He earned a lt f mney nly fr his sn t squander it.他賺了很多錢，卻被兒子揮霍一空。(3)不定式作結(jié)果狀語，常用在． t d, t... t d, s... as t d, such... as t d結(jié)構(gòu)中。
微點撥現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別,現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中，其作用相當(dāng)于一個非限制性定語從句；而不定式作結(jié)果狀語通常表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。His mther was t anxius t fall asleep.他媽媽太焦慮而睡不著覺。He drpped the glass， breaking it int pieces.他把杯子掉在地上，結(jié)果摔成了碎片。I hurried t his huse， nly t find him ut.我匆忙趕到他家，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他不在家。
[即時檢測1]　單句語法填空①The experiment prcess is ________ (adjust) accrding t different factrs.②The news that the COVID-19 vaccine (新冠肺炎疫苗) is freely available ________ the public is satisfying.③His __________ (invlve) in the family cnflict made his wife upset.④We must make ________ (respnd) t the request f the audience.⑤The lcal gvernment made it pssible fr its citizens ________ (mnitr) the use f financial funds.⑥The retired wrker eats a ________ (balance) diet t keep fit.⑦In my pinin, it isn't wise ________ (skip) breakfast.⑧I am frtunate enugh ________ (have) the pprtunity t experience the different custm.
[即時檢測2]　語法專練(用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)①I'd like t have the chance ________ (attend) his wedding.②His failure ________ (defend) quickly enugh led t lsing the match.③Tm is the first student ________ (meet) the famus pet.④—The last ne ________ (arrive) pays fr the steak.—Agreed!⑤Tm rushed t the kitchen, nly ________ (find) that the sausage was burnt.⑥The sldier returned after the war, nly ________ (tell) that his wife had left him.⑦The audience were glad enugh ________ (interact) with that famus actr.⑧We hurried t the huse, nly ________ (find) the hst was nt in.
[即時檢測3]　單句寫作①一聽到這個消息，我激動得說不出話來。()__________________________________________________________②沒有什么事值得擔(dān)心。(nthing t d)__________________________________________________________③那個房間足夠大能容得下我們所有的人坐下嗎？(enugh t d)__________________________________________________________
At the news, I was t excited t say anything.
There is nthing t be wrried abut.
Is that rm big enugh t seat all f us?
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．The Spring Festival is an _______ (理想的) ccasin t express lve t family members.2．Befre the frmal perfrmance, the prgram list is ________ (可調(diào)整的).3．There are plenty f jbs ________ (可獲得的) in the field f sftware.4．The girls wh are ________ (跳繩) in the playgrund have gd manners.5．When he was exercising, he lst his ________(平衡) and brke his bne.
6．I can't reach the ________ (上面的) handle. Can yu help me? 7．Achieving success usually ________ (需要) cnsidering varius factrs.8．He made n ________ (回答) t my questin, and went n with his nvel.9．In rder t take a twist, we decided t ________ (監(jiān)聽) their talking.10．In fact, his father is ne f the famus ________ (大師) in literature.
Ⅱ.短語填空keep... straight, due t, keep track f, make n respnse t, lse ne's balance1．I find it difficult fr the cmpany t ______________ the glbal develpment nw.2．T keep the balance, yu shuld ________ yur back ________．3．_______ the applicatin f this medical technlgy, his injured bne sn recvered.4．She ____________ n the bar and fell ff.5．He ________________ my warning and suffered a lt.
keep track f
lst her balance
made n respnse t
Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．If yu hand in yur hmewrk late, attach a nte ________ (explain) the reasn fr the delay.2．He hurried t the train statin, nly ________ (find) the train had left.3．________ (save) energy, we turn ff the lights fr Earth Hur n the last Saturday in March.4．When he left, he said t me, “I'm srry ______________ (truble) yu s much.”5．The airprt _____________ (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.6．He is wealthy enugh ________ (affrd) such a big huse.
t have trubled
t be cmpleted

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