詞匯晨讀21- 江蘇高考英語3500詞匯讀練測-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

說明：①本系列資料的例句盡可能多地選自高考真題或各地模擬試題；
②凡是形容詞+ly構(gòu)成的副詞在本系列資料【拓展】欄目里不予列出。
(sigh—starvation)
sigh v. 嘆氣，嘆息，悲嘆，悲鳴，嘆氣地說：
She sighed over her unhappy fate.她悲嘆自己的命運(yùn)。
“Oh well, better luck next time,” she sighed.
“唉，就這樣了，但愿下一次運(yùn)氣好些?！彼龂@息道。
n.嘆氣，嘆息，嘆氣聲：
His?only?reaction?to?the?news?was?a?sigh?of?disappointment.?
他對這則新聞的唯一反應(yīng)就是失望地嘆了嘆氣。
Mr.?Collier?heaved?a?sigh?and?got?to?his?feet.科利爾先生深嘆一口氣，站了起來。
There?was?a?big?sigh?of?relief?once?the?economic?reform?plan?was?agreed
經(jīng)濟(jì)改革計劃一獲批準(zhǔn)，人們都如釋重負(fù)地松了口氣。
sight n.①視力：He had good sight.他的視力好。
②看見：He fell in love with her at first sight.他對她一見鐘情。
③視野，視線：Keep out of my sight.別讓我再看見你。
④情景，風(fēng)景：What a beautiful sight those roses make.那些玫瑰構(gòu)成多么美麗的景象?。?br /> 【拓展】?？己衧ight短語的意義見下列例句：
The moment she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the gift bought by her father.
她一進(jìn)入房間就看到了父親給她買的禮物。
Only a short-sighted man will?lose?sight?of?the importance of?education.
只有鼠目寸光的人才會對教育的重要性視而不見。
We?shouldn’t?lose?sight?of?the?fact?that?education?is?important?for?its?own?sake.
教育本身就很重要，我們不應(yīng)忽視這一事實(shí)。
Break Asian records and set sights on world level in sports.沖出亞洲, 走向世界。
Many?young?people?set?their?sights?on?lofty?goals?and?work?hard?to?achieve?them.?
許多年輕人著眼于宏偉的目標(biāo)并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)。
He?got?round?the?corner?out?of?sight.他繞過拐彎處便不見了。
Out?of?sight,?out?of?mind.眼不見，心不煩。
The?sandy?beach?was?in?sight.沙灘映入眼簾。
Success?is?in?sight.成功在即。
At?sight?of?the?young?lady?the?man’s?face?changed?to?red?and?back?to?pale?again.?
那男子見到這位年輕的女士，他蒼白的臉變紅了，轉(zhuǎn)而又變得蒼白。
At?first?sight?I?recognized?the?man?because?we?had?known?each?other?for years.?
我一眼就認(rèn)出了那個人，因為我們已認(rèn)識多年了。
sightseeing n.游覽，觀光：
We all agreed to his suggestion that we go to Beijing for sightseeing.
我們大家都同意他的建議，去北京觀光。
sign v. ①簽名：Sign here, please.請在這里簽字。
②打手勢：He signed (to, for)me to be quiet.他做手勢要我安靜。
n.①符號，標(biāo)記：A red flag was placed there as a sign of danger.那里插了一面紅旗, 表示有危險。
②身體的示意動作，手勢：He nodded as a sign of agreement.他點(diǎn)頭表示同意。
③標(biāo)志牌，指示牌：You’ll?see?the?sign?for?the?rest?rooms.你將看到休息室的指示牌。
④跡象，征兆：Dark clouds are a sign of rain while a smile is a gesture of friendship.
烏云是下雨的征兆，而微笑是友誼的表示。
【拓展】常考sign up的意義見下列例句：
You did?sign?up?for?the talent show, didn’t you?你真的該報名才藝表演，是嗎？
He?saw?the?song’s?potential,?and?persuaded?the?company?to?sign?her?up.
他看到了這首歌的潛力，就說服公司和她簽約。
Can?I?sign?up?for?this?course?in?advance?我能事先申請上這一課程嗎？
signal n.信號，暗號：A red light is often used as a danger signal.紅燈常被用作危險的信號。
【拓展】v.發(fā)信號，用信號或動作表示：
The police car signaled to us to pull in.警車示意我們靠邊停車。
signature n.簽名：I can’t read his signature.我認(rèn)不出他的簽名。
significance n.意義，價值，重要性：
It’s of no/little significance.這事無關(guān)緊要。
Western?diplomats?have?played?down?the?significance?of?the?reports?
西方外交官刻意貶低這些報告的重要性。
The discovery of the new drug is of great significance to people suffering from heart problems.
這種新藥的發(fā)現(xiàn)對患心臟病的人來說意義重大。
All?men?must?die,?but?death?can?vary?in?its?significance.人總是要死的，但死的意義有所不同。
【拓展】significant adj.重要的，重大的，有重大意義的，數(shù)量相當(dāng)大的：
The?navy?played?a?limited?but?significant?role?in?defeating?the?rebellion?
海軍在平息這場叛亂的過程中起到了有限但卻十分重要的作用。
There?were?significant?similarities?between?mother?and?son.
母子之間有很多相像的地方。
A?small?but?significant?number?of?11-year-olds?are?illiterate.?
數(shù)量不多但仍有相當(dāng)一部分11歲孩子是文盲。
Police?said?there?had?been?a?significant?development?in?the?case.
警方說此案已經(jīng)有了重大進(jìn)展。
The?White?House?has?welcomed?the?Chinese?decision?and?described?it?as?a?far-sighted,?
significant?step.白宮對中國的決定表示歡迎，稱其是富有遠(yuǎn)見、意義重大的舉措。
silence n.安靜，沉默，無聲：
They worked in silence.他們默不作聲地工作。
【拓展】Speech?is?silver, but?silence?is?gold.沉默勝于多言(沉默是金)。
silent adj.①不講話的，沉默的，(電影)無聲的：
You’d better be silent about what happened.你最好對所發(fā)生的事默不作聲。
Charles?Chaplin?was?one?of the?greatest?and?widely?loved?silent?movie?stars.?
查爾斯·卓別林是一位偉大的受世界喜愛無聲電影明星。
②寂靜的：All is silent.萬籟俱寂。
③緘默的，只字不提的：
Trish was silent because she was reluctant to put her thoughts into words...
特里西一直不說話，因為她不愿意吐露內(nèi)心的想法。
The report is strangely silent on this issue.很奇怪，報告對這個問題避而不談。
④(單詞中)不發(fā)音的：This?letter?is?silent(is?not?pronounced).這個字母不發(fā)音。
silk n.絲，絲綢：
This?old?Silk?Road?linked?China?with?the?west?in?ancient?times.
這條古老的絲綢之路在古時候把中國和西方連接了起來。
silly adj.愚蠢的，傻的：
Had he taken his parent’s advice, he would not regret having made such a silly mistake now.
如果他聽了父母的勸告，他現(xiàn)在就不會后悔犯了這樣一個愚蠢的錯誤了。
Don’t?stuff?him?with?those?silly?ideas.?別向他灌輸那些餿主意。
silver n.銀，銀幣，銀餐具：It was made of silver.它是銀做的。
【拓展】born with a silver spoon in my mouth生在富貴人家：
She?was born?with?a?silver?spoon?in?her?mouth?and?has never?done?a?day’s?hard?work?in?her?life.
她出生于富貴人家，一生中從來沒有做過一天的苦活。
similar adj.相似的，類似的，像：
At the end of the paragraph there is a similar mistake.在這一段的末尾有一個類似的錯誤。
All big cities are quite similar.所有的大城市大同小異。
【拓展】表示“與……相似或類似”，其后通常接介詞to，不要受漢語思維影響而用介詞 as, with
或與as...as連用：
At our factory there are a few machines similar to those described in this magazine.
我們工廠的有些機(jī)器和雜志上描述的相似。
similarity n.類似，相像性，相仿性，類似性，相似物：
There?was?a?wonderful?similarity?between?the?twins.這對孿生兒相像得驚人。
The?similarity?between?these?two?essays?is?too?great?to?be?coincidental.
這兩篇文章雷同的地方很多，并非巧合所致。
simple adj. ①簡單的，簡易的：Often a simple thank-you will do.常常一句簡單的“謝謝”就行了。
②簡樸的，單純的：The doctor lived a simple life.醫(yī)生過著簡樸的生活。
③頭腦簡單的：
He’s so simple that he’ll believe anything you tell him.他頭腦簡單，你說什么他都信。
【拓展】pure and simple純粹的，不折不扣的，完全的，十足的：
He?was?killed?in?an?accident?pure?and?simple.他在一場純屬偶然的事故中喪生。
China?is?still?a?developing?country?pure?and?simple.中國仍然是不折不扣的發(fā)展中國家。
In much of the animal world, night is the time set aside for sleep—pure and simple.
在大多數(shù)動物的世界里，夜晚純粹是用來睡眠的。
simplify v.簡化：
While intelligent people can often simplify the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
聰明人經(jīng)常會讓復(fù)雜的問題簡單化，而傻瓜則更容易使簡單的事情復(fù)雜化。
You’d better spend some time reading some?simplified?English?masterpieces.
你最好花些時間進(jìn)行英語名著簡寫本的閱讀。
He?starts?a?painting?by?quickly?drawing?simplified?shapes.他畫圖時先快速勾勒出大致的輪廓。
sin n.罪，罪過，過失：
Was?it?the?sin?of?pride?to?have?believed?too?much?in?themselves??他們過分自信，這是否犯了驕縱之罪？
since adv.從此以后：We have been friends ever since.從此以后我們一直是朋友。
conj.①從……以來，……以后：We have known each other since we were children.我們從小就認(rèn)識。
②由于，既然：Since you’re not interested, I won’t tell you about it.
既然你不感興趣，那我就不告訴你了。
prep.從……以來：The works have been closed since January.一月份以來這些廠就關(guān)閉了。
【拓展】①It is/ has been＋since＋主語＋動詞過去式“自從…以來，已多久了”，如：
該句型中若since后跟延續(xù)性動詞，要翻譯成否定含義，即“沒做某事已經(jīng)多久了”：
It has been three years since he smoked.他已經(jīng)戒煙三年了.
但是：該句型中若since后跟短暫性動詞，直接譯就行了。
It has been three years since he began to smoke.他吸煙有三年了。
It is three years since he joined the army. 他入伍已三年了
②It + will be +一段時間+ before+(一般現(xiàn)在時)
It + will be +一段時間+ before+(一般現(xiàn)在時) 過多長時間將發(fā)生某動作或事情
It will be five years before he meets you again. 五年之后他就會再見你的。
It will (not) be long before …(談?wù)搶?不久就會……，沒過多久就……
It will not be long before we turn our hope into reality.
過不了多久我們的希望就會變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。
sincerely adv.真誠地：
Sorry to hear that your father is ill. I sincerely hope he will be well again soon.
很遺憾聽到你的父親生病了，我真誠地希望他快點(diǎn)好起來。
Yours sincerely.(信末套語)你誠摯的朋友
sing(sang, sung)v.唱，唱歌：She sang to the guitar.她和著吉他唱歌。
single adj.①惟一的，一個的：There wasn’t a single boat on the lake.湖上連一條船也沒有。
②各個的，單個的：Every single child will receive a gift.每一個孩子都會收到一份禮物。
③單人用的：two single rooms and one double兩個單人間和一個雙人間
④單程的(=one-way)：I’d like a single ticket.我想要一張單程票。
⑤單身的(=unmarried)：Are you married or single? 你結(jié)婚了還是單身?
sink(sank, sunk)
v.①下沉：She sank into his arms.她倒在他懷里。
②(數(shù)目、價格、力量等)下降：The wind has sunk down.風(fēng)勢已弱。
n.洗滌槽，污水槽：There?is?a?sink?in?the?kitchen.在廚房里有一個洗滌槽。
【拓展】sink還有下列意義：
She’d?sometimes?sink?into?depression.她有時會陷入憂郁之中。
It?will?take?a?little?time?for?the?rain?to?sink?into?the?dried?earth.?
雨水滲入干旱的泥土需要一些時候。
He was left by his family to?sink?or?swim?by himself.他遭家人遺棄，一切得靠自己。
The refugees had lost their homes and their possessions, and it was now?sink?or?swim.
這些難民失去了家園和財產(chǎn)，若不自救別無生路。
The?government’s?attitude?to?this?company?is?to?leave?it?to?sink?or?swim?without offering?any?help.
政府對此公司的態(tài)度是，任其自謀出路，不提供援助。
She suggests that we should sink or swim together.她建議我們同舟共濟(jì)(共存亡)。
sir n.先生: Sorry, sir. Lady first.對不起，先生，女士優(yōu)先。
sister n.姐，妹：elder sister姐姐 younger sister妹妹
sit v.(sat, sat) ①坐：Can I sit here? 我可以坐這兒嗎？
②坐落：The village sits on a small river.村莊位于小河邊。
③(在……中)任職，任(……的)代表，擔(dān)任：
They both sat as MPs in the House of Commons.他們兩人都曾是下議院議員。
He was sitting as a temporary judge.由他擔(dān)任臨時法官。
She sat on a number of committees.她在幾個委員會里任職。
site n.地點(diǎn)，遺跡：
A?team?of?four?was?sent?to?scout?for?a?nuclear?test?site.一個4人小分隊被派出尋找核試驗地。
It?was?rebuilt?on?the?site?of?the?old?building.它是在原來建筑物的舊址上重新建造的。
This?site?remained?undiscovered,?though?long?sought,?until?recent?times.
雖經(jīng)長期尋找，但該遺址直到最近才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。
situation n.①形勢，情況：
The situation is serious enough.形勢夠嚴(yán)重了。
School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous situations.
必須教學(xué)生如何處理危險情況。
②處境，狀況：The situation is very difficult.處境很困難。
③位置，場所：The?situation?of?the?new?house?is?close?to?the?town.新房子的位置靠近小鎮(zhèn)。
【拓展】①situation表示抽象的地點(diǎn)關(guān)系代詞的選擇：
Scientists are making great efforts to develop new drugs to avoid the situation where the
drug has more or less some side effect which will effect other organs.
科學(xué)家們正在努力開發(fā)新藥，以避免藥物或多或少會對其他器官產(chǎn)生副作用的情況。
I suppose it is such a bad situation as most of its former and present employees will feel upset about.我想這是一個大部分新老員工都感到難過的糟糕境況。
They have set out to deal with the present situation which they think deserves their immediate attention.他們已經(jīng)著手處理目前的情況，他們認(rèn)為這種情況值得他們及時的關(guān)注。
②a?catch-22?situation的意義見下列例句：
They?faced?a?catch-22?situation:?to?move forward?or?to?retreat from?Asian?market??
他們正面臨一個兩難境地：是繼續(xù)向前還是退出亞洲市場？
You?cannot?get a?job?without?experience,?but?you?cannot?obtain?experience?without?getting a?job—it?is?a?Catch-22?situation.你沒有經(jīng)驗，就找不到工作，而沒有工作，就不可能獲得經(jīng)驗，那真是個沒法解決的難題。
Now?there?is a?catch-22?situation?in the?IT?industry.
在信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)中，現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了一個矛盾的局面。
They complain of being in a catch-22 situation.
他們抱怨他們處在一種擺脫不了的困境。
③situate v.位于，坐落在：
The?company?wants?to?situate?its?headquarters?in?London.公司想把總部設(shè)在倫敦。
size n.尺寸，大小，號碼：
Take the size of the room.量一量這房間的大小。
My shoes are size 9.我穿9號鞋。
skate v.溜冰，滑冰：I’m going skating.我要去滑冰。
【拓展】skater n.滑冰選手：
Star skater Wu Dajing won China’s first gold medal at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic Winter Games by breaking world record in short track men’s 500m.明星滑冰選手武大婧通過打破男子500米短道速滑的世界紀(jì)錄在2018年平昌冬季奧運(yùn)會上為中國贏得第一枚金牌。
ski n.滑雪板(鞋)：a pair of skis一雙滑雪鞋
v.滑雪：I’m going go skiing我要去滑雪。
I learnt to ski in Alps.我是在阿爾卑斯山學(xué)滑雪的。
skilful(Am skillful) adj.熟練的，精湛的，靈巧的：
He is a skillful worker.I am sure he has enough experience to fix all the equipment.
大衛(wèi)是個熟練的工人，我確信他有足夠的經(jīng)驗來安裝所有的電子設(shè)備。
He is very skillful with his hands.他的雙手很靈巧。
skill n.技能，技巧：Reading and writing are two different skills.閱讀和寫作是兩種不同的技能。
【拓展】skilled adj.熟練的，有技能的：
These?are?skilled?workers?in?our?industry.這些是我們行業(yè)中的熟練工人。
His father is skilled at/in carpentry.他父親擅長木工。
skin n.皮，皮膚：Babies have soft skin.嬰兒有細(xì)嫩的皮膚。
skip v.①跳，蹦蹦跳跳：
Next?Annie?took?me?by?the?hand?and?taught?me?how?to?hop?and?skip.
接著，安妮牽著我的手，教我怎么單足跳、蹦跳。
②跳過，略過：Skip the problems you can’t do and go ahead.跳過你不會做的題目，接著往下做。
skirt n.裙子：This?skirt?is?in?poor?shape.這條裙子真不像樣。
sky n.天，天空：After the rain the sky cleared.雨后天晴。
skyscraper n.摩天大樓：The?skyscraper?towers?into?the?clouds.那幢摩天大樓高聳入云。
slap v.(用手掌)打，拍，啪地?fù)舸颍瑩?打耳光：
A?large?middle-aged?lady?slapped?me?on?the?back?and?said?“Nice?to?see?you again.”?
一位身材高大的中年女士拍了拍我的后背說：“很高興再次見到你?！?br /> I?slapped?him?hard?across?the?face.我重重地?fù)澚怂挥浂狻?br /> He slapped the newspaper down on the desk.他啪的一聲把報紙摔在桌上。
slave n.奴隸：She treated her daughter like a slave.她對待女兒像對待奴隸一樣。
【拓展】enslave v.使成為奴隸，奴役，使受控制，征服，制伏：
They?applied?the?carrot?and?stick?to?enslave?the?people?in?the?colonies.
他們使用胡蘿卜加大棒的手段來奴役殖民地人民。
Her beauty enslaved many young men.她的美貌征服(傾倒了)很多男青年。
slavery n.奴隸制度：Our?people?have?survived?400?years?of?slavery.我們的人民從400年的奴隸制中挺了過來。
sleep(slept, slept)
v.①睡覺：I usually sleep late on Sundays.星期天我通常睡懶覺。
Despite the hardness of his bed, he is soon sleeping soundly.雖然床很硬，他還是很快地睡熟了。
②可睡……人：This cabin will sleep four.這間小屋可睡四人。
n.①睡覺，睡眠：Sleep is necessary to [for] health.睡眠對健康是必要的。
②一段睡眠：I had a short sleep after lunch.中飯后我睡了一會兒。
【拓展】常考含有sleep的動詞短語的意義見下列例句：
Will?you?stop?working?now?and?go?to?sleep??現(xiàn)在你可以停下工作上床睡覺了嗎？
He slept?like?a?log.他睡得很熟。
The workers were all sleeping?like?a?log, even without knowing when the Boss had arrived.
那些工人睡得像死豬一樣，老板什么時候來的都不知道。
It’s?a?sudden?question,?let?me?sleep?on?it.這個問題太突然了，讓我好好想一想。
I?would?like?to?sleep?on?it?and?then?tell?you?first?thing?tomorrow?morning.?
我想考慮一下，明天一早再告訴你我的決定。
When I finally did lie down, I couldn’t sleep a wink.等到我最終躺下睡覺，我一點(diǎn)都睡不著。
【拓展】sleepless adj.睡不著的，失眠的，sleeplessness n.失眠：
She?spent?a?sleepless?night.她度過了一個不眠之夜。
I?felt?lonely?and?afraid,?and?had?many?sleepless?nights.?
我感到孤獨(dú)和害怕，許多晚上無法入睡。
Sleeplessness is sometimes the side effect of certain medicine.
失眠有時是某些藥物產(chǎn)生的副作用。
sleepy adj.想睡的，困倦的：
They stayed up all night chatting, which explains why they are sleepy this morning.
他們熬夜聊天，這是他們今早犯困的原因。
sleeve n.袖子，袖套：His?sleeves?were rolled up to his?elbows.他的袖子卷到了肘部。
slice n.片，切面(薄)片：Cut the cake into slices.把蛋糕切成幾片。
slide(slid, slid)
v.滑行：It’s fun to slide on the ice.在冰上滑行很有意思。
n.①滑動：The boy had a slide on the ice.小男孩在冰上滑行。
②幻燈片：I?will?give?a?slide?show?next?art class.下節(jié)美術(shù)課我要做一個幻燈片展示。
③滑落，跌落：Prices began to slide.價格開始下降。
【拓展】?？己衧lide的動詞短語的意義見下列例句：
I saw Tom sliding into the classroom without being found.
我看到湯姆偷偷溜進(jìn)教室而沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)。
Be?careful?not?to slide?into a?bad?habit.當(dāng)心不要不知不覺地就染上壞習(xí)慣。
Miss Lee didn’t notice little Tom slide out of the classroom.
李小姐沒有注意到小湯姆悄悄溜出了教室。
slight adj.輕微的，細(xì)小的：
I have a slight headache.我有點(diǎn)輕微的頭疼。
I?have?slight?knowledge?on?the?new?subject.我對這門新學(xué)科粗通一二。
slim adj.①苗條的，纖細(xì)的：
The?young?woman?is?tall?and?slim.那個年輕的女子身材苗條修長。
Mary?was?born?with?a?slim?figure.瑪麗生來就有一個苗條的身材。
②(希望、可能性等)微小的，渺茫的：Our chances of winning are slim.我們獲勝的機(jī)會不大。
slip v.①滑，跌倒，失足：My foot slipped and I nearly fell.我的腳下一滑，差點(diǎn)跌倒。
②溜走，悄悄的移動：
Amy?slipped?downstairs?and?out?of?the?house.埃米偷偷下樓溜出了房子。
She?slipped?into?the?driving?seat?and?closed?the?door.她溜進(jìn)了駕駛座，關(guān)上了門。
n.①片，條，紙片，紙條：I?put?her?name?on?the?slip.我在紙條上記下了她的名字。
②滑，溜，跌倒，失足：
One?single?slip?brings?eternal?regret,?and?looking?back,?your?whole?life?has?passed?away.?
一失足成千古恨，再回頭已過百年身。
【拓展】①slip one’s mind忘記：
The?reason?for?my?visit?had?obviously?slipped?his?mind.他顯然已經(jīng)忘掉了我的來意。
—It’s a pity that you should let something important slip your mind.
—Sorry. I am fully busy in taking care of my grandfather recently and get burnt out.
“真是遺憾，你竟然把某些重要的事情給忘記了。”“對不起，我近來完全忙于照顧我的爺爺，太疲勞了?！?br /> ②let slip放過，錯過(機(jī)會)，無意中說出，偶然泄露/秘密等：
Don’t?let?slip?such?a?golden?opportunity.機(jī)會難得，幸勿失之交臂。
I?bet?he?let?slip?that?I’d?gone?to?America.我可以打賭，是他走漏了我去了美國的消息。
I?let?slip?some?remark?that?offended?her.我失口冒犯了她。
Fred let slip that he was prepared to leave company when the new manager took office.
弗雷德透露，他準(zhǔn)備在新經(jīng)理上任時離開公司。
slow adv.慢慢地，緩慢地：He walked very slow.他走得很慢。
v.(使)慢下來，(使)減速：
The train slowed as it went around the bend.火車在轉(zhuǎn)彎處減速了。
The?road?is?slippery;?you’d?better?slow?down.路很滑，你最好減速。
We?turned?to?see?the?approaching?car?slow?down.我們轉(zhuǎn)身看見駛近的車慢慢停下。
Slow?down?when?turning?a?corner.拐彎要慢行。
You?will?need?to?slow?down?for?a?while.你需要放松一段時間。
adj.①慢的：My watch is five minutes slow.我的表慢5分鐘。
②遲緩，遲鈍：He is slow in understanding.他理解遲鈍。
【拓展】Slow but sure wins the race慢工出細(xì)活/穩(wěn)中求勝。
small adj.小的，少的，幼小的：This is a story for small children.這是一個適合兒童看的故事。
smart adj.①靈巧的，伶俐的，聰敏的：
He?is?too?smart?not?to?jump?at?the?chance.他這人很精，不會錯過這個機(jī)會的。
He?thinks?he’s?smarter?than?Sarah?is.他認(rèn)為自己比薩拉聰明。
②(人、服裝等)時髦的，帥的：
I?was?dressed?in?a?smart?navy?blue?suit.我身穿一套帥氣的藏青色西服。
He?looks?quite?smart?in?his?uniform.他穿著制服顯得很帥。
There?is?a?smart?restaurant?on?the?upper?floor.樓上有一家時尚的餐館。
smell(smelt, smelt或smelled, smelled)
v.①聞到，嗅到：
I smell something burning.我聞到什么東西燒焦的氣味。
I?could?smell?the?spring?in?the?air.我嗅到春天的氣息。
②聞，聞起來：
I have got a cold and I can not smell.我感冒了，聞不出味道。
Smoking?is?dangerous,?as?well?as?making?you?smell?bad.?
吸煙不僅危險而且還使你有難聞的氣味。
This room smells of paint.這房間有油漆味。
This smells like an orange.這東西聞起來有桔子的味道。
n.①氣味，香味：There is a smell of gas.有一股煤氣味。
②嗅覺：Smell is one of the five senses.嗅覺是五種感覺之一。
③(連用a)聞，嗅：
Take/Have a smell at this egg and tell me whether it is good.聞一聞這只雞蛋，看是否是好的。
smile n.微笑：She gave a shy smile.她靦腆地笑了笑。
v.微笑：He looked at me and smiled.他望著我笑了。
smog n.煙霧：Cars cause pollution, both?smog?and acid?rain.汽車造成的污染既有煙霧也有酸雨。
smoke n.①煙：A cloud of black?smoke?blew over the?city.一團(tuán)黑煙吹過城市的上空。
②抽煙：I like to have a smoke after dinner.我喜歡飯后抽一支煙。
v.①冒煙：The?chimney?was?smoking?fiercely.煙囪里濃煙滾滾。
②抽煙：I never drink or smoke.我從不喝酒抽煙。
smoker n.吸煙者：He’s?a?heavy?smoker.他煙癮很大。
smooth adj.①平坦的，平滑的：A baby has a smooth skin.嬰兒皮膚很平滑。
②(海水)平靜的：The sea was smooth.海上風(fēng)平浪靜。
③平穩(wěn)的，順利的：Bring the car to a smooth stop.把汽車平穩(wěn)地煞住。
【拓展】She smoothed out the tablecloth.她鋪平了桌布。
Can you?smooth?away?the obstacle on the?road?你可以清除路上的障礙物嗎？
We’ll?smooth?away?any?difficulties?when?we?reach?them.我們碰到任何困難都能順利克服。
snake n.蛇：Look out for snakes.當(dāng)心蛇。
【拓展】①?a?snake?in?the?grass陰險而偽善的朋友，暗藏/潛伏的敵人，暗敵，潛伏的危機(jī)或危險：
He’s?a?snake?in?the?grass.?While?pretending?to?be?your?friend?he?was?slandering?you?behind your?back.?他是個暗敵，表面上裝作是你的朋友，背地里卻在誹謗你。
②Once bitten, twice shy一年被蛇咬，十年怕井繩/吃一次虧，學(xué)一次乖：
Since being found do bad things, he never dare do them again and it’s indeed “Once bitten, twice shy”.自從做壞事被別人發(fā)現(xiàn)后，他以后再也不敢了，真是一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩。
snap v.①噼啪的響：
The?bag?snapped?open.包吧嗒一聲打開了。
He?shifted?his?weight?and?a?twig?snapped.他挪了一下身體的重心，一根樹枝咔嚓一聲斷了。
He?snapped?his?fingers,?and?Wilson?produced?a?sheet?of?paper.他打了個響指，威爾遜便遞過一張紙來。
②拍照：He?was?the?first?ever?non-British?photographer?to?be?invited?to?snap?a?royal.
他是有史以來第一個應(yīng)邀為王室成員拍照的非英籍?dāng)z影師。
【拓展】snap還有下列意義：
Every?time?we?get?a?new?delivery?of?clothes,?people?are?queuing?to?snap?them up.
每次新到一批服裝時，人們都在排起長隊來搶購。
I’d?snap?up?his?offer?if?I?were?you.如果我是你，我就會抓住機(jī)會接受他的提議。
See,?I?would?never?snap?at?you?like?that.瞧，我是絕對不會象他那樣對你吼的。
There’s?no?need?to?snap?at?me?like?that!?沒必要對我那么疾言厲色！
The mother snapped at the noisy children.母親厲聲斥責(zé)吵吵鬧鬧的孩子。
You’ve been depressed for weeks. It’s time you snapped out of it.
你情緒低落已經(jīng)好幾周了?，F(xiàn)在該振作起來了。
sneaker n.(常用復(fù))輕便運(yùn)動鞋：
?I?like?the?red?dress?and?white?sneakers.不行。我喜歡穿紅連衣裙和白運(yùn)動鞋。
Old?Chinese?sneaker?brands?have?been?getting?a?lot?of?attention?these?days.
現(xiàn)如今，中國古老的運(yùn)動鞋品牌逐漸獲得了廣泛關(guān)注。
sneeze v.打噴嚏：The dust made me sneeze.灰塵使我打噴嚏。
sniff v.①哧哧地吸氣(尤指因患傷風(fēng)或哭泣時)：
Stop sniffing and blow your nose.不要再呼哧呼哧的，擤一下鼻子吧。
②嗅：The dog sniffed the bone.那只狗嗅著那塊骨頭。
A?police?dog,?trained?to?sniff?out?explosives,?found?evidence?of?a?bomb?in?the?apartment.?
一只訓(xùn)練有素、專門嗅找炸藥的警犬在公寓里發(fā)現(xiàn)了炸彈的痕跡。
snow n.①雪：Some mountains are covered in snow all years round.一些山終年積雪。
②一場雪：We had a heavy snow last night.昨晚下了一場大雪。
v.下雪：It’s snowing heavily.雪下得很大。
snowy adj.①雪(白)的：a snowy tablecloth雪白的桌布
②下雪的：Today will be snowy in many areas.今天許多地區(qū)將下雪。
③多(積)雪的：The?snowy?main?peak?towers?above?all?the?others.白雪皚皚的主峰高聳在群巒之上。
so adv.①如此，這么：
Don’t speak so fast.別講得那么快。
She?was?so?nice?a?girl?that?he?fell?in?love?with?her?at?first?sight.她是如此好的一個女人，使他一見鐘情。
②非常：I’m so glad to hear from you.接到你的來信，我非常高興。
③同樣：I was late and so was she.我遲到了，她也是。
④的確：You say he is diligent; so he is.你說他很勤奮，他確實(shí)很勤奮。
conj.①因此，所以：It was late, so we went home.天晚了，所以我們就回家去了。
②為的是，以便：Be quiet, so he can sleep.安靜些，好讓他能睡覺。
【拓展】①and so on等等：
This shop sells clothes, shoes, hats and so on.這商店賣衣服，鞋，帽子等等。
②or so大約，左右：See you in half an hour or so.大約半小時后見。
③so as to為了：
The test questions are kept secret, so as to prevent cheating.考卷保密，以防舞弊。
④so…that…如此……(以至)……：
It’s so difficult a question that none of us can answer it.
那是一個很難的問題，我們沒有一個人能回答。
⑤so that以便，結(jié)果：
I am going to the lecture early so that I’ll get a good seat.
我想早點(diǎn)去聽演講，以便弄個好座位。
soap n.肥皂：
Mother?bought?three?cakes?of?soap?yesterday.媽媽昨天買了三塊肥皂。
A?small?colour?television?was?tuned?to?an?afternoon?soap?opera.
一臺小彩色電視機(jī)頻道調(diào)在了一出下午的肥皂劇上。
sob n.啜泣，嗚咽：The child’s sobs gradually died down.那孩子的嗚咽聲逐漸消失。
v.抽泣，嗚咽，哭訴：A little girl was sitting sobbing in the corner.一個小女孩坐在角落里嗚咽。
soccer n.英式足球：
France?and?Spain?will?meet?in the?soccer?cup?final.法國隊和西班牙隊將在足球錦標(biāo)賽決賽中交鋒。
social adj.①社會的：These problems are social rather than economic.這些是社會問題而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。
②社交的：His reasons for calling were purely social.他的來訪完全是社交性質(zhì)的。
③有社會性的，群居的：Lions are social animals.獅子是群居動物。
socialism n.社會主義：They are going all out to build socialism.他們正在鼓足干勁建設(shè)社會主義。
socialist n.社會主義者：
He?started?as?a?socialist,?and?now?he’s?as capitalist as?you?get.?
他開始是一位社會主義者，如今和你了解的資本家沒什么兩樣
adj.社會主義的：
Without?democracy, there?can?be?no?socialist?modernization.沒有民主就沒有社會主義現(xiàn)代化。
We?take?pride?in?the?great?achievements?of?our?socialist?construction.
我們?yōu)樯鐣髁x建設(shè)的偉大成就而自豪。
society n.社會，社團(tuán)，協(xié)會：
In modern society, punctuality is a necessary virtue.在現(xiàn)代社會中，準(zhǔn)時是一種必備的美德。
That man is a danger to society.那個人是社會的禍患。
The?Red?Cross?Society?of?China?is?an?important?part?of?the?International?Red?Cross?Society.?
中國紅十字運(yùn)動，是國際紅十字運(yùn)動的組成部分。
sock n.短襪：I put on a new pair of nylon?socks.我穿上了一雙新尼龍襪。
socket n.①插座：There is no electric socket in the wall.墻上沒有電源插座。
②窩，孔：
A candlestick has a socket in which to set a candle.蠟燭臺有一個接口可以插入蠟燭。
Her eyes were sunk deep into their?sockets.她的眼睛深陷在眼窩里。
sofa n.(長)沙發(fā)：Please sit on the sofa.請坐在沙發(fā)上。
soft adj.①(柔)軟的：Silk feels soft.絲綢摸上去很柔軟。
②柔和的：I like soft music.我喜歡柔和的音樂。
③(飲料)不含酒精的：I have soft drinks, orange juice, lemonade.我這里有軟飲料，橙汁，檸檬汁。
software n.軟件：
Computers?would?be?useless?without?software?writers.沒有編軟件的人，計算機(jī)就會毫無價值。
Most applications?software?for?personal?computers?cost over $500 a throw.
個人電腦使用的多數(shù)應(yīng)用軟件的單價為500多美元。
soil n.土壤，土地：
This?kind?of?soil?is?not?suitable?for?growing?peanuts.這種土壤不宜種花生。
Farmers?grow?rice?in?the?rich?soil.農(nóng)民們在肥沃的土地上種植稻子。
solar adj.太陽的，與太陽有關(guān)的，太陽能的：
When it comes to renewable energy, what occur to me are solar energy and wind energy.
當(dāng)涉及到可再生資源的時候，我想起的是太陽能和風(fēng)能。
The?picture?shows?six?of?the?eight?planets?in?the?solar?system.這幅圖標(biāo)示了太陽系八大行星中的6顆。
【拓展】the 24 solar terms二十四節(jié)氣：
The?Chinese lunar calendar divides?the?year into?24?solar?terms.
中國農(nóng)歷將一年劃分成二十四個節(jié)氣。
soldier n.士兵，戰(zhàn)士，軍人：
As?a?soldier,?he?showed?selfless?devotion?to?duty.作為戰(zhàn)士，他表現(xiàn)出了對其天職的無私奉獻(xiàn)。
He?behaves?like?a?well-trained?soldier.他的舉止像個訓(xùn)練有素的軍人。
The?first?lesson?I?learnt?as?a?soldier?was?never?to?underestimate?the?enemy.
作為一名士兵，我學(xué)到的第一課就是決不要低估敵人。
solid adj. ①結(jié)實(shí)的，固體的：Ice is solid water.冰是固態(tài)的水。
②可靠的，堅實(shí)的，有說服力：
My?theory?is?established on the?solid?basis?of?facts.我的理論是以可靠的事實(shí)作為根據(jù)的。
All these have laid a solid political foundation for consolidated national unity.
所有這些為鞏固國家統(tǒng)一奠定了堅實(shí)的政治基礎(chǔ)。
You should present solid evidence to prove your point.
你應(yīng)該提供有說服力的證據(jù)來證明你的觀點(diǎn)。
n.固體：Water becomes a solid when it freezes.水在結(jié)冰時變成固體。
solution n.解決，解決方法/辦法：
The?analysis?of?a?problem?is?the?starting?point?for?its?solution.分析問題是解決問題的基點(diǎn)。
No?one?can?offer?a?permanent?solution?to?the?problem.沒有人能提出解決這個問題的長久之計。
Any?solution?must?be?acceptable?to?all?sides.任何解決辦法都必須能為各方所接受。
solve v.解決，解答：
The?problem?will?not?be?difficult?to?solve,?if?properly?handled.如處理得當(dāng)，問題不難解決。
He could not?solve?the?riddle.他猜不出這個謎。
some adj.①一些，若干：You’d better get some sleep.你最好去睡一會兒。
②有些：Some pupils enjoy this kind of work, some don’t.有些學(xué)生喜歡這種工作，有些不喜歡。
③某一：I have read the article in some magazine.我在某本雜志上看到過這篇文章。
pron.有些人，有的東西，若干部分：
Some may think so.有些人也許會這樣想。
Some?of?the?people?already?in?work?will?lose?their?jobs.一些已經(jīng)工作的人將要失業(yè)。
somebody pron.
①某人，有人：
Somebody has left his umbrella.有人忘了帶走傘。
You?can?ask?somebody?else.你可以去問其他人。
②重要人物，了不起的人：
I?thought?you?might?know?somebody.?After?all,?you’re?the?man?with?connections.
我原本以為你可能認(rèn)識某個重要人物。畢竟你交游甚廣。
somehow adv.①以某種方式：
The car’s broken down but I’ll get to work somehow.車子壞了，但我得設(shè)法上班去。
②不知怎么：She somehow got lost.她不知道怎么竟迷了路。
someone pron.某人，有人：
Someone has opened the letter.有人把這封信拆開了。
I heard someone crying.我聽見有人在哭。
something pron.①某事，某物：There must be something wrong with it.一定是出問題了。
You must do something about it.你必須對此采取措施。
②有價值的事，值得考慮的事：There is something in what he says.他的話有點(diǎn)道理。
③(informal)出色的人(或事物)：
I’ve seen some sparefine players, but she’s something else.
優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動員我見過不少，但她出類拔萃。
【拓展】①have something to do with與……有關(guān)(有聯(lián)系)：
The book has something to do with this subject.這本書與這個問題有些聯(lián)系。
②or something……之類的，……什么的：
He said he was tired or something.他說他累了什么的。
③something of有點(diǎn)兒，有幾分，有點(diǎn)像：
She is really something of a musician, who can not only sing very beautifully, but also compose skillfully.她真的有點(diǎn)像音樂家，不僅歌唱得好而且曲也作得很好。
sometimes adv.有時：He sometimes goes there on business.他有時到那里出差。
【拓展】sometime, some time與sometimes：
①sometime是副詞，可用于過去或?qū)恚鉃椤澳硞€時候”。
②some time有兩個用法，作為副詞詞組，意為“任何時候”或“某個時候”(=sometime)；作為名詞詞組，意為“一段時間”(不能換成sometime)：
Please come over some time/sometime.請隨時來玩。
We lived in the country for some time.我們在農(nóng)村住過一段時間。
③sometimes是副詞，意為“有時”：
He sometimes writes to me.他有時給我寫信。
somewhat adv.稍許，有幾分，有點(diǎn)，稍微：
He concluded that Oswald was?somewhat?abnormal.他斷定奧斯瓦爾德有點(diǎn)不正常。
To tell the truth, his behavior displeased me more than somewhat.
說實(shí)話，他的行為讓我非常地不快。
somewhere adv.在某處：
He lives somewhere around here.他就住這附近。
I thought I had seen you somewhere.我記得在哪里見過你。
son n.兒子：Her son is in the sixth grade.她兒子讀六年級。
song n.歌曲：Sing us a song.給我們唱支歌吧。
soon adv.①不久，很快：We’ll pay back the money soon.我們不久就償還這筆錢。
②快，早：Please get that report done as soon as possible.請盡快完成那份報告。
【拓展】①as soon as一……就……：
As soon as he got here, he knew what had happened.他一到這兒就知道出什么事了。
②no sooner...than剛……就……：
We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off.
=No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.我們剛到機(jī)場，飛機(jī)就起飛了。③sooner or later遲早：
You should tell her, because she’ll find out sooner or later.
他應(yīng)該告訴她，因為她遲早會發(fā)覺的。
④how soon多快，多久以后：
How?soon?can?a?doctor?see?me??醫(yī)生能多快來看我？
Can you tell me?how?soon?you can be?ready?你能告訴我你多久能準(zhǔn)備好嗎？
sore adj.①酸痛的，悲痛的：
My?chest?is?still?sore?from?the?surgery.手術(shù)過后我的胸口還在作痛。
He?will?be?all?right?so?long?as?you?don’t?touch?his?sore?spot.
只要你不提起他的傷心事，他是沒有什么的。
②惱火的：
The?result?is?that?they?are?now?all?feeling?very?sore?at?you.結(jié)果就是，現(xiàn)在他們都對你感到十分惱火。
sorrow n.悲傷，悲痛：He felt sorrow when his mother died.他母親去世時他非常悲傷。
【拓展】sorrowful adj.傷心的，悲傷的，悲哀的：
A funeral is a?sorrowful?occasion.葬禮是一種令人悲傷的場合。
sorry adj.①傷心的，難過的：I was sorry to hear about your illness.聽說你病了，我很難過。
②遺憾的，抱歉的：Sorry for interrupting you.對不起我打擾你了。
③(表示委婉的拒絕等)抱歉，對不起：Sorry, but you can’t come in.對不起，你不能進(jìn)來。
④(沒有聽清別人的話，請人再說一遍)對不起，我沒聽清：
“I’m cold.” “Sorry?”“我很冷?！薄澳阏f什么？”
【拓展】better safe than sorry小心不出大錯/謹(jǐn)言慎行不吃虧，輕率莽撞必后悔/小心駛得萬年船等：
Don’t?be?afraid?to?have?this?checked?by?a?doctor—better?safe?than?sorry!
不要害怕找醫(yī)生檢查一下——小心不出大錯/寧求穩(wěn)妥以免后悔！
sort v.把……分類，揀選：She is busy sorting letters.她正忙于給信件分類。
n.①種類，類別：
A hammer is a sort of tool.錘子是一種工具。
Computers are of many sorts.電腦有許多種。
②……的(種類的)人：
You can ask him for help—he is a good sort.你可以找他幫忙，他是個好人。
What sort of writer is he?他是哪一類作家？
(問類別，可回答a novelist或a playwright等)
What sort of a writer is he?他是一位怎樣的作家？
(問水平，可回答a famous writer之類的)
【拓展】①sort of頗為，有幾分：I feel sort of sick.我有些惡心。
②sort out整理，挑出，撿出：
Sort out all your bills and receipts as quickly as possible and keep detailed accounts...
盡快整理好你所有的賬單和收據(jù)、發(fā)票，并記好賬目明細(xì)。
soul n.①靈魂，精神：
May?God?have?mercy?on?your?soul.愿上帝寬恕你的靈魂。
Food?is?fuel?to?nourish?your?body?and?soul.飲食是支撐你身體和精神的“燃料”。
②人：Not a soul was to be seen in the street.街上看不到一個人。
③(連用the)典范，化身：He is the soul of honor.他是正直的化身。
④真摯情感，高尚情操，氣魄：
It was a very polished performance, but it lacked soul.這場演出技藝很精湛，但是缺少真摯的情感。
It’s quite an attractive building, but somehow it hasn’t got much soul.
那是一幢相當(dāng)漂亮的建筑，但不知怎的它卻沒有多少氣魄。
【拓展】heart and soul全身心，全心全意：
I?will?put?my?heart?and?soul?into?the?job.?我會全身心投入到工作中去。
I volunteer to serve the people heart and soul all my life.
我志愿一輩子全心全意為人民服務(wù)。
sound v.①聽起來：The report sounds true.這個報道聽起來是真的。
—The movie starts at 8:30, and we can have a quick bite before we go.
—Sounds great. See you at 8:10.
“電影8:30開始，在我們?nèi)ブ拔覀兛梢钥焖俚爻渣c(diǎn)東西?！?br /> “聽上去是個好主意。八點(diǎn)十分見?！?br /> (表示“聽起來”，是連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語，不接副詞，且不能按漢語意思誤用被動語態(tài)。)
②發(fā)聲，產(chǎn)生聲音：
Together we had done our best to sound the alarm.我們曾一同竭盡全力發(fā)出過警報。
You don’t sound the “b” in the word “comb”.在“comb”這個單詞里，字母“b”不發(fā)音。
n.聲音：Light travels faster than sound.光比聲的速度快。
【拓展】①sound作為副詞，有一個特殊用法，與“睡覺”有關(guān)，表示“深沉地”：
He is sound asleep.他睡得很沉。
②參看詞條noise, voice。
soup n.湯：I had/took/ate some soup for lunch.我午餐喝了些湯。
sour adj.①酸的：We had pork with a sweet and sour sauce.我們吃了糖醋豬肉。
②脾氣壞的，不快的：The?school doctor?had a?sour?temper.那個校醫(yī)脾氣很壞。
source n.①來源，出處：
My wages are the principal source of my income.工資是我收入的主要來源。
These?factories?have?displaced?tourism?as?the?country’s?largest?source?of?foreign?exchange?
這些工廠已取代旅游業(yè)成為該國最大的外匯來源。
②消息來源，原始材料：
He refuse to name his sources.他拒絕說出消息的來源。
The library has quantities of reference sources.該圖書館藏有大量可供參考的原始資料。
③起源，根源，源泉，原因：
To?start?with,?this?thesis?introduces?the?concept?and?the?source?of?language transfer?theory.?
論文首先介紹了語言遷移理論的概念及起源。
You?ought?to?examine?yourself?honestly?and?find?out?the?source?of?your?wrong?views.?
你應(yīng)該老老實(shí)實(shí)地反躬自省，找出你這些錯誤觀點(diǎn)的根源。
The?family?continues?to?be?the?primary?source?of?care?and?comfort?for?people?as?they?grow?older.?
隨著年齡的增長，家庭仍然是人們獲得關(guān)愛和安慰的主要源泉。
Have?they?found?the?source?of?the?gas?leak?他們找到煤氣滲漏的原因了嗎？
④源頭，發(fā)源地：
The?authority?can?chase?up?the?source?of?the?pollution?and?demand?that?the?owner?clean?it?up.?
當(dāng)局可以追查到污染的源頭，責(zé)令業(yè)主負(fù)責(zé)清理。
The?river?has?its?source?in?the?mountains.這條河發(fā)源于群山之中。
Where is the source of the Yellow River?黃河的發(fā)源地在哪兒？
⑤提供消息的人：The news comes from a reliable?source.這消息來自一位可靠的消息人士。
south adj.南方的，向南的，從南來的：He lives on the south side of the park.他住在公園的南面。
adv.在南方，向南方：The house faces south.那座房子朝南。
n.南，南方：He decided to move to the south.他打算搬到南方去住。
southeast n.(連用the)東南，東南部：Tianjin?is?to?the?southeast?of?Beijing.天津在北京的東南方。
southern adj.南部的，南方的：
Factories?are?grouped?in?the?southern?suburb?of?the?city.工廠都集中在城市的南郊。
He?speaks?with?a?slight?southern?accent.他說話夾雜著南方口音。
My?son?went?to?Almeria?in?Southern?Spain.我兒子去了西班牙南部的阿爾梅里亞。
southwest n.(連用the)西南，西南部：The wind was from the southwest.這是西南風(fēng)。
【拓展】southeast和southwest還可以作形容詞和副詞用：
They?hope?the?treaty?will?bring?peace?and?stability?to?Southeast?Asia.?
他們希望該條約能夠為東南亞帶來和平與穩(wěn)定。
We?should?be?headed?southeast.我們應(yīng)該向東南方走。
My?hometown?is?Guiyang,?a?small?city?in?Southwest?China,?surrounded?by?rolling green?mountains.我的家鄉(xiāng)是貴陽，一個中國西南邊的小城市，四周群山環(huán)繞。
This?river?flowed?southwest?to?the?Atlantic?Ocean.這條河流向西南，匯入大西洋。
souvenir n.紀(jì)念品，紀(jì)念物：
Please?accept?this?little?gift?as?a souvenir.請留下這個小小禮物作為紀(jì)念品。
sow(sowed, sown/sowed)
v.播種：As you sow, so will you reap.種瓜得瓜，種豆得豆。
【拓展】You reap what you sow.一分耕耘一分收獲。
Early?sow, early?mow.早種早收/播得早，收得早。
space n.①(與時間相對)空間：
I?know?little?about?the?relation?between?time?and?space.對于時間和空間之間的關(guān)系，我知道得很少。
②宇宙，太空：The?six?astronauts?on?board?will?spend?ten?days?in?space.?
飛船上的6名宇航員將在太空度過10天。
③空地，空處：Please save a space for me in the queue.請在排的隊中給我留個位子。
④空白(處)，篇幅：It won’t take too much space.這不會占很多地方(篇幅)。
spaceship n.宇宙飛船：I will go there?by?spaceship.我要乘宇宙飛船去那里。
spade n.①鐵鍬，鏟子：He?dug?the?ground?with?a?spade.他用鐵鍬挖地。
②(紙牌中的)黑桃：You must play a spade if you have one.如果你有黑桃牌，就必須打出來。
【拓展】call a spade a spade實(shí)話實(shí)說，有啥說啥，直言不諱：
I?think?everyone?should?call?a?spade?a?spade.我認(rèn)為每個人都應(yīng)該實(shí)話實(shí)說。
He’s not afraid to call a spade a spade.他不怕直言不諱。
spare adj.①備用的：Every?car?should?carry?a?spare?tire.每輛車子應(yīng)帶一個備用輪胎。
②多余的，剩余的，空閑的：
I have little spare time.我很少有空余時間。
There?was?hardly?a?spare?inch?of?space?to?be?found.幾乎找不到一丁點(diǎn)空余的地方。
v.①抽出(時間)，擠出(時間)：
I have no time to spare.我抽不出時間。
Can you spare me 10 minutes to discuss this problem?你能抽出10分鐘來討論這個問題嗎？
You should spare some time to sort out the documents.你應(yīng)該抽出一些時間來把這些文件整理一下。
②(暫時)不用，勻出(給別人)：
They’ve two tickets to spare.他們多兩張票。
③省掉：He could have spared the explanation.他本可不必解釋的。
He did the work to spare you the trouble.他做了那件事使你免去麻煩。
④吝惜：She never spares the butter when baking.她烤東西的時候從不吝惜奶油。
⑤剩余，剩下(時間、金錢或空間)：
You got here with ninety seconds to spare.你到這里的時候還剩 90 秒鐘時間。
【拓展】spare no effort不遺余力：
I’ll?spare?no?effort?to?promote?the?development?of?our?trade.?
我將不遺余力的促進(jìn)我們之間的貿(mào)易發(fā)展。
speak(spoke, spoken)
v.①說話：Please speak more slowly.請說慢一點(diǎn)。
②說(語言)：She can speak three languages.她會說三種語言。
③談話：I spoke to/with her about my idea.我跟她談了我的想法。
④發(fā)言：You will be the second to speak.你第二個發(fā)言。
【拓展】①speak about談?wù)摚?br /> Just as we were speaking about him, he came.正當(dāng)我們談到他時，他來了。
②speak of談到，提起：He didn’t speak of his girlfriend.他沒談及他的女朋友。
③speak out大膽說，自由地說：Speak out, don’t be afraid.大聲說出來，不要怕。
④speak up大聲說：Please speak up, I can’t hear you.請大聲說，我聽不見。
⑤speak one’s mind說出心里話來：He didn’t speak his mind.他沒有把心里話說出來。
⑥speak the truth說真話：Do you think he was speaking the truth?你認(rèn)為他講的是真話嗎？
⑦“副詞+speaking”：
Generally?speaking,?I?am?very?satisfied?with?this?job.總體上說，我對我的工作很滿意。
Generally?speaking,?American?English?is?different?from?British?English?in?pronunciation?and
?spelling.一般來說，美式英語和英式英語在發(fā)音和拼寫方面不同。
Strictly?speaking,?he’s?not?qualified?for?the?job.嚴(yán)格說來，他沒有資格做這份工作。
Frankly?speaking,?I?think?it’s?terrible.坦率的講，我認(rèn)為很糟糕。
Personally?speaking,?I’m?in?favour?of?the?plan.?就本人而言，我贊成這個計劃。
Roughly?speaking,?the?counties?in?central?Hunan?were?the?most?advanced.
大體說來，湘中的那些縣是最先進(jìn)的。
speaker n.演講人，演說家：Blame not the speaker but be warned by his words.言者無罪，聞?wù)咦憬洹?br /> special adj.①特別的：Has anything special happened?發(fā)生什么特別的事情了嗎?
②專門的：He has a special car because he cannot walk.他有一輛專車，因為他不能走路。
【拓展】specialize v.
Many?students?specialize?in?engineering.許多學(xué)生專攻工程學(xué)。
There?are?restaurants,?both?humble?and?expensive,?that?specialize?in?them.
專門做這些菜的餐館既有毫不起眼的也有價格昂貴的。
The?bakers?specialize?in?catering?for?large?parties.
那些面包師專門負(fù)責(zé)為大型宴會提供食品。
specialist n.①專家，行家：I?made?an?appointment?to?see?a?specialist.我約好去見一位專家。
②?？漆t(yī)生，專門醫(yī)生：
In?the?first?instance?your?child?will?be?seen?by?an?ear,?nose?and?throat?specialist.
你的孩子將首先由耳鼻喉?？漆t(yī)生來診察。
specific adj.①具體的，詳盡的，明確的：I want a specific answer.我想要一個明確的回答。
②特定的，獨(dú)特的：Everyone has been given a specific job to do.每個人都獲派定的工作。
speech n.①演講：He made a very good speech.他作了個精彩的演講。
②說話，說話能力：
I’d?make?fun?of?her?dress?and?imitate?her?speech.我會拿她的衣著開玩笑，并模仿她說話。
【拓展】①make a speech作演講，發(fā)表講話，作報告：
She?is?due?to?make?a?speech?on?the?economy?next?week.
她將在下周作一個關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)的演講。
She?used?to?make?a?speech?in?public.她過去常常在大庭廣眾之下發(fā)表講話。
How?many?persons?can?make?a?speech?and?write?a?report?in?English?well?
有多少人能用英語做報告，寫文章呢？
②speechless adj.(一時)說不出話來，啞口無言的，無言的：
The?little?boy?was?speechless?with?shock.那小男孩驚得說不出話來。
For?a?long?while?he?remained?speechless.他愣了半天沒說話。
speed n.速度：Please drive at a safe speed.請以安全速度行駛。
v.①疾弛而過：The holidays simply sped by.假期簡直是一晃而過。
②(違章)超速行駛：Was I really speeding, officer?警官，我真的超速了嗎?
【拓展】①speed up(使)加速：
The train gradually speeded up.火車逐漸加速。
You?notice?that?your?breathing?has?speeded?up?a?bit.你注意到自己的呼吸加快了一些。
②at a speed of以……的速度：
The train is running at a speed of 120 kilometres an hour.
那輛火車以每小時120公里的速度行駛。
③More haste, less speed.欲速則不達(dá)：
—I was reading The Romance of the Three Kingdoms yesterday, but I couldn’t understand it.
— More haste, less speed. It is classical literature, so take your time to enjoy it.
“我昨天在看《三國演義》，但是看不懂?！?br /> “欲速則不達(dá)。這是古典文學(xué)，所以你慢慢欣賞吧?！?br /> spell v.拼寫：How do you spell your name?你的名字怎樣拼？
spelling n.①拼寫，拼讀：Your composition is full of spelling mistakes.你的作文里滿是拼寫錯誤。
②拼寫法：The?assistant?teacher?told?the?student?to?pay?attention?to?his?spelling.
助教提醒那個學(xué)生要注意拼法。
spend(spent, spent)
v.①度過：I’d hate to spend Christmas alone.我不喜歡一個人過圣誕節(jié)。
②花費(fèi)：He spends most of his money on books.他的大部分錢用于購書。
They spend a lot of time watching TV.他們用很多時間看電視。
spin(spun, spun)v.
①紡紗：They?would?spin?and?weave?cloth,?cook?and?attend?to?the?domestic?side?of?life.
她們紡紗、織布、煮飯以及料理家務(wù)。
②旋轉(zhuǎn)，(使)快速旋轉(zhuǎn)：
The teacher spun round to see who had spoken.老師猛地轉(zhuǎn)過身子看誰在說話。
The?boat?started?to?spin?around?in?the?water.船開始在水中打轉(zhuǎn)。
He?spun?his?car?round?and?went?after?them.他掉轉(zhuǎn)車頭，去追他們。
The?Earth?spins?on?its?own?axis.地球繞著地軸自轉(zhuǎn)。
③吐(絲)：Silkworms?spin?silk.蠶吐絲。
【拓展】A man cannot spin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用。
n.(旋)轉(zhuǎn)：We took a?spin?around town.我們乘車出去繞城轉(zhuǎn)了一圈.
Give the washing a short spin.把洗過的衣服稍稍甩一下。
She puts a lot of spin on the ball.她打出的球旋轉(zhuǎn)得很厲害。
spirit n.①精神，靈魂，心靈(與body, flesh相對)：
The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.心有余而力不足。
Their?cultural?backgrounds?gave?them?a?spirit?of?adventure.他們的文化背景賦予了他們一種冒險精神。
②(用復(fù)數(shù))情緒，心情：
She is in good (high, top, great, excellent)spirits today.她今天情緒很好。
He’s in low(bad, poor)spirits.=He is out of spirits.他情緒不好(低落)。
He was?out?of?spirits?as if he had something on his mind.他憂心忡忡，好像有什么心事。
I’ve been feeling?out?of?spirits?for some time, and I think need a?holiday.
我已經(jīng)有一段時間沒精打采了，因而我想我需要休假了。
His spirits improved.=He is in better spirits.他的情緒好多了。
spiritual adj.精神的，心靈的：
Food creates the body and has a great influence on our mind and?spiritual?life.
食物造就了我們的身體，并對我們的思想和精神生活有著巨大的影響。
I?hope?you?can?find?here?spiritual?home!我希望你在這里能找到你心靈的歸宿！
spit v.吐唾沫，吐痰：
People who spit can spread disease.隨地吐痰的人會傳播疾病。
She took a mouthful of food and then suddenly spat it out.她吃了一口食物，突然又吐了出來。
Spit?out?that?gum?and?pay?attention.把那塊口香糖吐出來，注意聽。
They?spat?at?me?and?laughed at?me.他們朝我吐唾沫，還嘲笑我。
It’s?very?rude?to?spit?at?someone.向人吐唾沫是非常粗暴無禮的。
n.唾沫，唾液，口水：I’m?choking?on?my?own?spit.我被我自己的唾沫嗆住了。
splendid adj.①燦爛的，輝煌的：
With?the rapid?development?of?20?years, there are?splendid?achievements?in?Chinese?high and
new?technology?industry.經(jīng)過20年的發(fā)展，中國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)取得了輝煌的業(yè)績。
②(口語)極好的：What a splendid idea!好主意！
split v.①撕開，切開，劃開：
A lightening?splits the dark sky.一道閃電劃破了黑暗的天空。
②分開，分裂：
The river splits into three smaller streams at this point.這條河在這里分成三條小河。
They split the cost of the party between them.他們兩人分擔(dān)了宴會的費(fèi)用。
That party?split?up into two groups.這個政黨分裂成兩個小集團(tuán)。
【拓展】split off/away from脫離，從……分裂出來，從……脫離出來：
The?group?have?split?off/away?from?the?official?union.
這個團(tuán)體已從正式的聯(lián)盟中分裂出來了。
n.裂口，裂縫：There’s?a?split?in?the?table.桌上有條裂縫。
spoil v.①損壞/害，溺愛壞，寵壞，嬌慣：
Don’t?spoil?your?appetite?by?eating?sweets?just?before?dinner.不要在飯前吃糖來損害你的食欲。
He?is?a?man?who?will?spoil?rather?than?accomplish?things.他這個人成事不足，壞事有余。
Don’t?spoil?the?child.別把孩子寵壞了。
It is harmful to spoil children.嬌慣孩子是有害的。
②犒賞/勞：Spoil yourself with a new perfume this summer.今年夏天買瓶新香水犒勞一下自己吧。
spoken adj.口語的：
We?must?distinguish?between?the?spoken?language?and?written?language.我們必須區(qū)別口語和書面語。
spokesman/woman(pl spokesmen/women) n.男(女)發(fā)言人：
A spokeswoman for the government denied the rumors.一位政府女發(fā)言人否認(rèn)了那些傳言。
An?air?force?spokesman?said?the?rescue?was?a?race?against?time.
一名空軍發(fā)言人說這次營救行動是在和時間賽跑。
sponsor n.贊助者，主辦者：
Our?project?ran?into?difficulties?when?we?lost?a?sponsor.
我們失去一個贊助者時，我們的項目遇到了困難。
Surely?you?can?tell?us?the?sponsor’s?name?你一定可以告訴我們贊助商的名字吧？
Which country?is?the?sponsor?of?the?Olympic?games?哪一個國家是本屆奧運(yùn)會的主辦者？
【拓展】v.發(fā)起，主辦，贊助：
The meeting was sponsored by 16 countries.此次會議是由16個國家發(fā)起召開的。
A clothing company is sponsoring the match.一家服裝公司要贊助這次比賽。
spoon n.匙，調(diào)羹：It was a silver spoon.這是把銀勺。
spoonful n.一匙(的量)：
She?put?two spoonfuls of?milk?in?each?of?the?two?cups.她在兩個杯子里各加了兩匙牛奶。
sport n.①運(yùn)動，體育運(yùn)動：Children like outdoor sports.小孩喜歡戶外活動。
②(用復(fù)數(shù))運(yùn)動會，比賽：The school sports were held on October 5。學(xué)校運(yùn)動會于10月5日舉行。
spot n.①斑點(diǎn)，污點(diǎn)：There’s ink spot on her skirt.她裙子上有墨點(diǎn)。
②地點(diǎn)，場所：This is our favourite holiday spot.這是我們喜愛的度假地點(diǎn)。
v.①沾上污漬，弄臟，玷污：
His boots were spotted with mud.他的靴子上沾有泥漬。
The scandal spotted his character.那件丑聞玷污了他的人格。
②認(rèn)出，找出：He is a very tall man, easy to spot in a crowd.他是個非常高的人，在人群中容易認(rèn)出來?！就卣埂砍？己衧pot介詞短語意義見下列例句：
He was hit by a falling tree and killed on the spot.他被一棵倒下的樹打中，當(dāng)場斃命。
Our?question?certainly?put?him?on?the?spot.我們這一問可把他將住了。
Count?the?money?on?the?spot.銀錢過手，當(dāng)面點(diǎn)清。
I was on?the?spot?when?the?accident happened.事故發(fā)生時我在場。
What you have said is off?the?spot.你剛才說的話離題太遠(yuǎn)。
My?wife?and?I?were?in?a?tough?spot.我的妻子和我處境艱難。
Don’t always put me on the spot like this. You know, because of my duty, I can’t give away
confidential information to you.別總是讓我為難，你知道由于我的職責(zé)，我不能給你機(jī)密資料的。
spray n.①水霧，水花：
The?moon?was?casting?a?rainbow?through?the?spray?from?the?waterfall.
月亮在瀑布濺起的水霧上照出了一道彩虹。
The?wave?lashed?against?the?rocks,?sending?up?pearly?spray.海浪沖擊著礁石，飛起像珠子般的水花。
②噴霧劑：This?spray?will?kill?the?insects.?這些噴霧劑能殺死這些蟲子。
v.①噴灑：Drops?of?blood?sprayed?across?the?room.滴滴鮮血濺灑在房間各處。
Because?of?the?immunity?of?the?immature?insects,?it’s?important?to?spray regularly.?
由于幼蟲對藥物有免疫力，因此必須經(jīng)常噴藥。
A sprayer hooked to a tractor can spray five gallons onto ten acres.
用拖拉機(jī)牽引的噴霧器可以將 5 加侖藥水噴灑在 10 英畝田地上。
②(液體)噴霧，成水花飛濺：
There was a hole in the hose, and water sprayed out all over me.
軟管上有個洞，水從這里噴出濺了我一身。
spread(spread, spread)
v.①延伸，展開：The bird spread its wings.這只鳥展開翅膀。
②綿延：The city now spreads as far as the coast.這座城市現(xiàn)已延伸到海邊。
③傳播，蔓延：The fire soon spread to the other buildings.火勢不久就波及到其他建筑。
④覆蓋，涂敷：She spread the bread with butter.她把黃油涂在面包上。
【拓展】spread out伸展，展開，拓展，傳開，散開：
After?a?while?leaves?slowly?spread?out,?taking?one?look,?then?curl?up;?
過了一會兒，樹葉又慢慢地伸展開來，再碰一下，又卷曲起來。
She?looked?at?the?map?that?was?spread?out?on?the?floor.她看著展開鋪在地板上的地圖。
The?news?of?shipwreck?soon?spread?out?widely.船只失事的消息很快就廣泛地傳開了。
The searchers spread out to cover the area faster.搜索人員分散開來，好更快地搜索這一地區(qū)。
spring n. ①春天，春季：If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天來了，春天還會遠(yuǎn)嗎？
②泉水，泉：To the north are the hot springs of Banyas de Sant Loan.北邊是班亞斯德桑隆溫泉。
③彈簧，彈力，活力：
There’s little?spring?in this sofa.這張沙發(fā)幾乎沒什么彈性。
Don’t bounce on the bed you’ll break the springs!別在床上亂蹦--你要把彈簧弄斷了！
④發(fā)條：There is something wrong with my watch?spring.我表的發(fā)條有點(diǎn)問題。
【拓展】spring up涌現(xiàn)，跳起，躍起，迅速成長，突然開始：
New?theatres?and?arts?centers?sprang?up?all?over?the?country.?
新的劇院和藝術(shù)中心突然在全國各地涌現(xiàn)出來。
Many?skyscrapers monster?high-rise?buildings?spring?up?all?over?the?city.?
許多摩天大樓在這座城市拔地而起。
New?houses?spring?up?like?mushrooms.新房屋像雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)出來。
After?the?rainy?season,?the?new?green?grasses?spring?up.雨季以后，綠茵茵的新草勃然生長。
Fast-food restaurants are springing up all over the town.
快餐店如雨后春筍般在這個鎮(zhèn)上出現(xiàn)。
spy n.密探，間諜，特務(wù)：The?spy?sent?his?message?in?code.這個間諜用密碼發(fā)送情報。
v.暗中監(jiān)視，偵察：He followed his wife and spied on her.他跟蹤妻子，暗中監(jiān)視她。
square n.①廣場：
Many of our grandfathers and grandmothers hope to take a visit to Beijing and witness a national flag ceremony in?Tian’anmen?Square.有多少爺爺奶奶輩的心愿就是能夠去一次北京站在天安門廣場下見證一次升國旗。
②正方形：A square has four sides.正方形有四條邊。
③平方，二次冪：The square of three is nine.3的平方是9。
adj. ①平方的：The forest cover an area of 1500 square miles.這森林的面積有1500平方英里。
②方形的：The window was square.這個窗戶是正方形的。
【拓展】a square meal美餐，豐盛的一餐，一頓正經(jīng)飯：
He?hasn’t?had?a?square?meal?in?days.他好多天沒有美餐一頓了。
We?haven’t?had?a?square?meal?for?a?week.一周來我們沒有吃過一頓正經(jīng)飯。
squeeze n.擠壓，緊捏，擁擠：It was a tight squeeze to get everybody in the car.大家都坐進(jìn)車?yán)飳?shí)在很擠。
v.擠，擠壓，擠進(jìn)(出)，壓榨：
Dip?the?bread?briefly?in?water,?then?squeeze?it?dry.將面包在水里快速蘸一下，然后將它擠干。
He take off his wet coat and squeezed the water out.他脫下衣服并且把水?dāng)D干。
But?he?had?never?imagined?she?was?so?poor?and?he?couldn’t?squeeze?anything?out?of?her.?
可是他沒有料到她竟會那么窮，榨不出一點(diǎn)油水。
stable adj.穩(wěn)固的，牢固的，穩(wěn)定的：
The?injured?man?was?in?a?stable?condition.傷者情況穩(wěn)定。
The?patient’s?blood?pressure?is?stable.病人的血壓平穩(wěn)。
【拓展】反義詞unstable adj.：
He?was?emotionally?unstable.他情緒不穩(wěn)定。
stadium n.(露天)體育場，體育館：
The?stadium?emptied?at?the?end?of?the?first?day?of?athletics.首日比賽結(jié)束后，體育場空無一人。
They?have?just?given?final?approval?to?a?new?stadium.他們剛剛決定同意建立一座新體育館。
staff n.全體員工，職工：
The?prize?is?awarded?annually?on?the?recommendation?of?the?teaching?staff.
這項獎每年都是根據(jù)全體教師的推薦而頒發(fā)的。
The company has got a staff of about 40.這家公司大約有40名職員。
【拓展】①表示“全體人員”，是集合名詞，用作主語時，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)(視為整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(考慮其個體)：The teaching staff is [are] excellent.全體教師都很優(yōu)秀。
②a staff不是指“一個人員”，而是指某一個單位的“全體人員”；two staffs 不是指“兩個人員”，而是指某兩個單位的“全體人員”。
③表示“是……的職員”、“在……供職”，其前通常用介詞on：
He’s on the staff of the college.他在那所大學(xué)供職。
He is on the editorial staff of the newspaper.他在那家編輯部工作。
stage n.①舞臺：He compared the world to a stage.他把世界比作舞臺。
②階段，時期：
He?described?the?meeting?as?marking?a?new?stage?in?the?peace?process.
他稱這次會議標(biāo)志著和平進(jìn)程進(jìn)入了一個新階段。
【拓展】v.上演，舉辦，籌劃：
They were going to stage a large-scale money collecting.他們籌劃舉辦一個大型募捐活動。
stain n.污點(diǎn)，污漬，污跡，染色劑：
The stain doesn’t show.污點(diǎn)顯不出來。
Don’t?worry?about?the?stain?on?your?coat;?it?will?easily?wash?out.
別為你衣服上的污跡發(fā)愁，那很容易洗掉。
A?dark?red?stain?was?spreading?across?his?shirt.一塊深紅色的污漬正在他的襯衫上滲開。
【拓展】①v.污染，沾污，染(著)色：
The coffee stained his shirt brown.咖啡把他的襯衫染上了棕色。
Silk stains easily.絲綢容易著色。
②stainless adj.不生銹的：
The?workers?are?casting?a?stainless?steel?bust.工人們正在鑄造一座不銹鋼的胸像。
stair n.樓梯，(樓梯的)一級：
We had to carry the piano up three flights of stairs.我們不得不抬著鋼琴上了三段樓梯。
He?learned?to?walk?safely?up?and?down?stairs.他學(xué)會了安全地上下樓梯。
The?bottom?stair?is?loose!?最下面一級樓梯松了！
stall n.貨攤，攤位：He?sold?boots?on?a?market?stall.他曾經(jīng)在集市上擺攤賣過靴子。
stamp n.①郵票：I’m fond of collecting stamps我喜歡集郵。
②圖章，標(biāo)記：business stamp業(yè)務(wù)章
③跺腳：Your stamp of impatience won’t give me a scare.你那不耐煩的跺腳嚇不了我。
【拓展】stamp out消滅，根/清除，杜絕：
Dr.?Muffett?stressed?that?he?was?opposed?to?bullying?in?schools?and?that?action?would?be?taken?to?
stamp?it?out.馬費(fèi)特博士強(qiáng)調(diào)說，他反對學(xué)校中的恃強(qiáng)凌弱現(xiàn)象，將會采取行動杜絕該現(xiàn)象。
The?local?government?has?made?a?drive?to?stamp?out?corruption?among?its?staff.?
當(dāng)?shù)卣巡扇〈胧┒沤^員工的腐敗。
stand(stood, stood)
v.①站：She?was?standing?beside?my?bed?staring?down?at?me.她站在我的床邊低頭盯著我。
②坐落，位于：My house stands by the river.我家在河邊。
③忍受：I can’t stand her silly talk.她的蠢話叫我受不住了。
n.站，立，停止，立場，地位，看臺，壇，攤：
My?stand?on?this?is?just?the?same?as?it?was?four?years?ago.我對此事的立場與4年前的無異。
We?passed?by?the?reviewing?stand?with?firm?steps.我們邁著穩(wěn)健的步伐走過檢閱臺。
The?war?brought?all?foreign?trade?to?a?stand.這場戰(zhàn)爭使一切對外貿(mào)易都停止了。
The stand was crowed.看臺上擠滿了人。
【拓展】含有stand動詞短語的意義見下列例句：
The?party?is?trying?to?give?the?impression?that?it?alone?stands?for?democracy
該黨正試圖讓大家覺得只有它才是民主的代表。
When?you?stand?for?your?liberty,?we?will?stand?with?you.?
當(dāng)你們支持自由時，美國將與你們站在一起。
I?can’t?believe?that?you?can stand?for these?naughty?children.?
我真不敢相信你能忍受這群淘氣的孩子。
Our daughter is a great dancer and she stands?out?above the rest.
我們的女兒是一個不錯的舞者，她從許多舞者中脫穎而出。
She stands?out?in the crowd, for she is two meters in height.
她在人群中顯得很突出，因為她身高兩米。
He?cannot?stand?up?for?the?president?any?longer.他不能再支持總統(tǒng)了。
They?stood?up?for?what?they?believed?to?be?right.他們堅決捍衛(wèi)自己認(rèn)為是對的事。
The?Secretary?of?Defence?has?said?that?he?would?not?stand?by?and?let?democracy?be?undermined.
國防部長已經(jīng)表示自己不會袖手旁觀，讓民主遭到破壞。
standard adj.①標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的：We can’t say so in standard English.在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語中我們不能這樣說。
②權(quán)威的，模范的：
It is one of the standard books on the subject.這本書是關(guān)于這個問題的權(quán)威著作之一。
③合規(guī)格的，普通的，一般性的：It’s a car of standard size.那是一輛標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(普通)大小的汽車。
n.①標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)格：living standard=the standard of living/life生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
Her work is of high standard.她的工作是高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。
②基準(zhǔn)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：The government has an official standard for the purity of silver.
政府對銀的純度有法定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
【拓展】①表示根據(jù)某種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其前通常用介詞by：
It’s measured by the same standard.這是根據(jù)同一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量的。
②standardize v.使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，使符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(或規(guī)格)：
He?feels?standardized?education?does?not?benefit?those?children?who?are?either?below?or?
above?average?intelligence.他認(rèn)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化教育對那些智力水平低于或超出平均水平的兒
童沒有好處。
We?must?standardize?and?safeguard?the?financial?order?in?accordance?with?the?law.?
我們必須依法規(guī)范和維護(hù)金融秩序。
star n.①星，恒星：Soon the stars appeared in the sky.不久天空中出現(xiàn)了星星。
②明星：She?became?a?film?star?as?early?as?1942.她早在1942年就成了電影名星了。
③星形，星級：The guidebook awards this hotel three stars.這本旅游指南把這家旅館定為三星級。
stare v.①盯，凝視(at)：It’s rude to stare at other people.盯著別人看是不禮貌的。
②瞪著某人使：He stared the boy into silence.他把那個男孩盯得不敢吭聲。
n.盯，凝視：She gave me a cold stare.她冷冷地瞪我一眼。
start v.①開始：Knowledge starts with practice.認(rèn)識從實(shí)踐開始。
②出發(fā)，動身：When do you start for Beijing?你們何時起程去北京？
③發(fā)動，啟動：I can’t start the motor.我啟動不了這馬達(dá)。
④引起，(使)開始，(使)從事：Smoke started him coughing.煙嗆得他咳嗽。
⑤驚起，(因受驚而)嚇一跳：We started at the noise.聽到這聲音我們嚇了一跳。
n.開始，出發(fā)，動身，起點(diǎn)：
We?had better?make?an?early?start.我們最好早一點(diǎn)出發(fā)。
He?put the?cases?in the?car?so that?he?should?be able to?make?an?early?start.?
他把箱子放在汽車?yán)?，這樣他就可以早點(diǎn)動身了。
It?has?been?a?success?from?the?very?start?this?year.今年一開始，就來了個開門紅。
I?need?my?own?new?life,?and?a?new?start.我需要一個新的生活，新的起點(diǎn)！
【拓展】①表示做某事，其后可接不定式或動名詞，兩者含義大致相同：
As soon as she heard the news, she started crying/to cry.一聽到這消息，她就開始哭了起來。
②但是當(dāng)start本身為進(jìn)行時態(tài)或后接表心理活動的動詞時，其后接的動詞要用不定式：
She was starting to cook.她開始做飯。
He started to like it.他開始喜歡它了。
③表示“出發(fā)”或“動身”時，也可說成start off, start out；要表示動身去某地時，其后通
常用介詞for表示目的地：She started out(off)for Japan yesterday.她昨天動身去日本了。
starvation n.饑餓，餓死：
The rescuers in Africa say it is worse than ever as disease and starvation combine to kill thousands.
非洲的救援人員說，由于疾病和饑餓加在一起導(dǎo)致數(shù)千人死亡，情況比以往任何時候都更糟。
I am on a starvation diet.我正進(jìn)行饑餓減肥。
The dog died of starvation.狗餓死了。
【拓展】starve v.(使)餓死，(使)饑餓：
Is there any food? I am starving.有食物嗎？我快要餓死了。
They got lost in the desert and starved to death.他們在沙漠中迷路而餓死。
The Oscar Award is something all good actors and actresses are starved of.
奧斯卡獎是所有的好演員渴望的東西。
The old man was almost dying, terrified with darkness and loneliness. He really starved for
love and care.
老人快要死了，被黑暗和孤獨(dú)嚇壞了。他渴望得到關(guān)心和愛。
In?the?short?term,?the?central?bank?will?be?starved?of?talent?and?leadership?at?an?extremely?
tricky?time.?從短期來講，中央銀行將在一個極端困難的時期內(nèi)缺少人才和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。