survive
1) vi 繼續(xù)生存或存在
Many strange custms have survived frm earlier time.
2) vt 經(jīng)歷某遭遇后幸存 survive sth.
Few buildings survived the earthquake.
3) vt 比某人活得長 survive sb.
The man survived his sister by three years.
in search f sb./sth 尋找… 在句中作目的狀語或表語
He was in search f an ld friend.
They went ut in search f fd.
in the/ne’s search fr sb./sth. 尋找…
Many peple jined them in the search fr gld.
search sb./spl fr sth
Firefighters searched the buildings fr survivrs.
amaze surprise
It amazed her that he culd be s calm at such a time.
amazed 感到吃驚的
She was amazed at hw calm she felt after the accident.
amazing 令人吃驚的
The amazing thing is that it was kept secret fr s lng.
design
She came t Lndn in 1960 t study fashin design.
The experiment is designed t test the new drug.
This rm is designed fr the children.
This is designed as a present fr my daughter.
We have designed building/ t build a park here.
by design n purpse故意地
by accident by chance 意外地
D yu think the building was burnt dwn by accident r design?
5. fancy vt 愛好，想象（語氣較隨意） imagine
I fancy a swim.
Dn’t fancy that yu can succeed withut hard wrk..
I can’t fancy his ding such a thing.
My new rmmate has a lt f fancy clthes. (adj. 別致的，裝飾花哨的，奇特的)
6. decrate decrate … with sth
We decrated the huse with sme pictures.
譯：墻上裝飾有幾幅畫。
誤：Sme pictures were decrated n the wall.
正：The wall was decrated with sme pictures.
7. belng t
The case desn’t belng t me.
I dn’t knw t which team he belngs.
譯：這輛自行車是我的。
誤：This bike is belnged t me.
正：This bike belngs t me
belng無被動語態(tài)；不可用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。
8. in return
in return fr 作為對…的報(bào)答，以答謝
I wish I culd d smething fr yu in return.
Yu gave me yur watch and in return I gave yu my bk.
He bught her a gld watch in return fr her help.
9. at war
介詞at可表示狀態(tài)或動作：
at peace at breakfast at table at wrk at schl
10. remve
1) 搬開，拿開，移動
He remved the mud frm his shes.
Remve the vase frm the table.
2）去掉，消除
His name was remved frm the list.
3) 脫掉 = take ff
He refused t remve his shes.
4) 搬家，遷移 = mve
They remved/mved int the new huse.
11. less than
I used t earn less than a pund a week when I first started wrk.
The whle huse went up in smke in less than an hur.
較小的/地,較少的/地;不如
My husband wrries abut things less than I d.
Getting ut f bed in summer is less difficult than in winter.
n less than 不少于；多達(dá)
The hamburgers shuld cntain n less than 50% meat.
He drank n less than ten bttles f beer.
12. dubt
There is n dubt that… / There is n dubt abut sth. 毫無疑問
There is n dubt that he will cme back.
Yur life is in danger. There is n dubt abut it.
have n dubt that…/ have n dubt abut sth. 毫無疑問
I have n dubt that yu deserve it.
have dubt whether（不可用if）…懷疑是否…
she had sme dubts whether he wuld cme.
I dubt whether/if…懷疑…
I dubt whether/if it’s true.
I dn’t dubt that…確信…
I dn’t dubt that yu are hnest.
withut dubt 毫無疑問地
13. wrth
These are bks f real wrth. 名詞（價(jià)值）
be wrth sth. / ding sth. 值...；值得(做...)
This necklace is wrth 1,000 US dllars.
The exhibitin is wrth a visit.
That nvel is nt wrth reading.
It isn't wrth much.
This idea is well wrth cnsidering.
14. apart
take apart 拆開
The by tk the watch apart t see hw it ran.
tell …apart 把…區(qū)別開
I can’t tell the twins apart.
Lay/put/set …apart (fr…) （為…）留下，存下…
She put sme mney apart fr sickness.
apart frm 除了 = besides / except
Apart frm the price, the dress desn’t suit me.
Apart frm music, he is interested in anything.
15. explde vi.
The bmb explded.
The frewrk explded in his hand.
explde用于炸彈等“爆炸”；blw up用來指人（用炸藥去）“炸毀”樓房等物體
They had planned t blw up the bridge but their bmbs failed t explde.
16. sink
sunk, sunken是兩種過去分詞，作定語用sunken（沉沒的）a sunken ship 沉船
sink int 陷入，沉到…里
Dn’t let yurself sink int sadness.
He entered and sank int a chair.
17. think highly f = think much/well f
think ill/prly/badly f 認(rèn)為…不好
speak highly f 高度評價(jià)
speak well/ill f說…的好/ 壞話
He was nt well thught f by his bss.
We all think ill f the film.
All the teachers speak highly f him.
It’s n gd speaking ill f thers.
18. debate
debate sth. with sb.
debate n/abut/ver sth.
a warm / heated debate
I dn’t want t debate it with yu.
We debated n the questin till late int the night.
They debated the questin penly.
We're debating whether r nt t g skiing this winter. （思考,盤算）
A debate abut safety is taking place in schls everywhere.
the debate n the envirnment
The issue is still under debate.
Unit1 Language pints
reading
Frederick William I, the King f Prussia, culd never have imagined that his greatest gift t the Russian peple wuld have such an amazing histry.
1) culd nt/never have dne 是對過去所發(fā)生事情的否定推測
She culdn’t have walked there.
歸納：can’t / culdn’t have dne 不可能做過
culd have dne 本來可以做（卻未做）；可能做過
might have dne 或許做過；本來或許會做（卻未做）
may have dne 或許做過
must have dne 肯定已做過（表推測）
needn’t have dne 本來沒必要做（卻已做）
shuld(n’t) have dne 本來（不）應(yīng)該做（卻已做）
ught(n’t) have dne 本來（不）應(yīng)該做（卻已做）
2) such為形容詞修飾名詞，s為副詞修飾形容詞或副詞。
such a / an (+形容詞) + 單數(shù)名詞
such (+形容詞) + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞
s+形容詞+a/an +單數(shù)名詞
s+形容詞 / 副詞
s many / few +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 (如此多/少的…)
s much / little + 不可數(shù)名詞 (如此多/少的…)
記憶口訣：名前such，形、副s，多多少少也用s，little屬特殊，“小”用such，“少”用s。
such little children 如此小的孩子們 s little water 如此少的水
注意：與表示量的形容詞或不定代詞連用時，應(yīng)放于此類詞之后，如：n such man, many such bks, few such films, tw such bxes.
this gift was the Amber Rm, which was …… because several tns f amber were used t make it.
be used t d, be used t ding與 used t d
The wd here will be used t make tables and chairs.
He is used t living in the cuntryside nw.
She used t cme a lt, but nw we seldm see her.
The design f the rm was in the fancy style ppular in thse days.
in … style / in the style f … “以…的風(fēng)格”
She bught a painting in the style f Picass.
D yu have a chair in this style?
in / ut f style 時髦的 / 過時的
2) ppular in thse days是形容詞短語修飾the fancy style，功能上相當(dāng)于which was ppular in thse days。
Abut fur metres lng, the rm served as a small receptin hall fr imprtant visitrs.
serve as 當(dāng)，擔(dān)任，充當(dāng)
He served as a waiter there.
歸納：act as 充當(dāng); 擔(dān)任...角色 wrk as擔(dān)當(dāng)，充當(dāng)
A trained dg can act as a guide t a blind persn.
He wrked in China as a dctr.
Later, Catherine II had the Amber Rm mved t a palace …… .
have / get sth. dne
使某事被做
Yu’d better have/get yur bicycle repaired.
Nw many peple mve int cities in rder t have their children better educated.
遭遇，經(jīng)歷（不好的事或意外）
He had/gt his mney stlen.
歸納：
1)have sb. /sth. ding sth. 使某人/某物一直做某事
Dn’t have the water running.
2)have sth. t d 有事要做 （主語自己做）
I have a meeting t attend.
3)have sth. t be dne 有事要做（讓別人做）
I have a telegram t be sent ut.
4)have sb. d sth. 讓某人做某事 make/let sb. d sth get sb. t d sth
I’ll have Mary finish it.
She tld her artists t add mre details t it.
add v 加；補(bǔ)充說
add up 將…加起來 add up t 合計(jì)達(dá)，總計(jì)為
add t 增加 add … t … 增添，把…加進(jìn)…里去
He added that he was very pleased with ur wrk.
Add up the numbers.
The mney he spent ne day added up t 100 yuan.
His new request added t ur difficulty.
Please add sme sugar t the cffee.
In 1770 the rm was cmpleted the way she wanted.
the way she wanted前的介詞in被省略了，同時定語從句she wanted的引導(dǎo)詞that也被省略了。又如：
In English, wrds are nt always spelled the way they sund.
He desn’t speak English the way I d.
另外，1) 當(dāng)way前面有形容詞作定語時，其前不省略in。
2) way后可接f ding或t d作定語，表示做某事的方式或手段。
He always writes in a careless way.
He fund the best way t slve / f slving the prblem.
Almst six hundred candles lit the rm, and …….
light 的過去式和過去分詞有兩種: lit和 lighted。作謂語時，二者可通用，但作定語時，只能用lighted。
He lighted / lit a candle and handed the lighted candle t me.
Sadly, althugh the Amber Rm was cnsidered ne f the wnders f the wrld, it is nw missing.
wnder
n. 奇跡，奇人/事
it’s a wnder (that)… 奇怪的是…
n wnder (that) … 難怪…
in wnder 驚奇地
It’s a wnder that he seems t knw nthing abut it.
N wnder that he didn’t want t g.
He lked at her in wnder.
vt. 不知道，想知道；感到驚奇，感到疑惑
I wnder wh he is. 想知道
I wnder whether yu like her. 不知道
We wnder that the little by is a university student. 感到驚奇
Using language
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses t believe and which nt t believe.
這是以“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的簡單句。這種疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)可轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞性從句。
which eyewitnesses t believe and which nt t believe = which eyewitnesses he shuld believe and which he shuld nt believe.
這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語，賓語和表語。
When t start has nt been decided.
I dn’t knw whether t accept his invitatin r nt.
The questin is hw t carry ut the plan.
2. The judge des nt cnsider what each eyewitness lks like r where that persn lives r wrks.
cnsider vt.
1) 考慮，打算
Cnsider + n. / cnsider + ding sth. / cnsider + 疑問詞 + t d / cnsider + 從句
He is cnsidering the prblem nw.
I am cnsidering ging abrad.
She is cnsidering hw t answer the questin.
He is cnsidering hw he shuld get there.
2）認(rèn)為，視為
cnsider sb. / sth. + (t be / as) + n. / adj.
cnsider sb. /sth. t have dne sth
We cnsider Beijing ( t be / as ) the heart f ur cuntry.
He is cnsidered t have stlen the picture.
歸納：cnsider / regard / treat / think f / lk n … as … 認(rèn)為……，把…看作…
He / She nly cares abut whether the eyewitnesses …… , which must be facts rather than pinins.
1) care abut 在乎，在意，關(guān)心
She thinks nly f herself, she desn’t care abut ther peple.
Dn’t care abut thers’ wrds.
rather than 而不是，與其說……不如說……
They were shuting rather than talking.
He is an artist rather than a writer.
I wuld die rather than give in t him.
= I wuld rather die than give in t him.
= I prefer t die rather than give in t him.
寧愿……也不……
A week later I decided t g and see fr myself.
fr neself 親自，為自己
I brrwed a bk fr Mary, and a dictinary fr myself.
5. Nr d I think they shuld give it t any gvernment.
該句中由于把否定詞nr放于句首，所以使用了部分倒裝語序。
英語中當(dāng)否定副詞以及含有否定詞的介詞短語防于句首時，句子需用部分倒裝。這樣的副詞及短語有：never , seldm , neither , nr , little , nt, hardly , scarcely , rarely , in n time , by n means , in n way等。
Never shall I make such a mistake.
Seldm des she g ut alne.
Yu haven’t finished yur hmewrk, neither have I.
6. What shuld yu d with things yu have fund even if the search cst yu time and mney.
d with 在此處意為“處理，處置”，還可表示“應(yīng)付，對付”，疑問句中應(yīng)與what搭配使用。
deal with 也可表“對待，處理”，但在疑問句中與hw搭配使用。另外，deal with還可表示“與…交易”。
What have yu dne with my pen?
Hw have yu dne with my pen?

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