
限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
一、教學(xué)設(shè)計
【教學(xué)目的】
1. Students will master the differences between the Restrictive Attributive Clause and the Nn-Restrictive Attributive Clause.
2. Students will master the rules f using prper relative wrds in the Nn-Restrictive Attributive Clause.
【教學(xué)流程】
Step 1 The differences between the Restrictive Attributive Clause and the Nn-Restrictive Attributive Clause
In this class, we’ll mainly learn smething abut the Nn-Restrictive Attributive Clause. Actually, there are tw kinds f attributive clauses. Nw, let me shw yu tw examples in the reading passage “In search f the amber rm”.
The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellw-brwn clur like hney.
不可舍去,否則主句意思不完整(限制性定語從句)
2. It was als a treasure decrated with gld and jewels, which tk the cuntry’s best artists abut ten years t make. 可舍去,主句意思仍然完整(非限制性定語從句)
Find mre Nn-Restrictive Attributive Clauses in the reading passage:
This gift was the Amber Rm, which was given this name because almst several tns f amber were used t make it.
It was als a treasure decrated with gld and jewels, which tk the cuntry’s best artists abut ten years t make.
Hwever, the next King f Prussian, Frederick William I, t whm the amber rm belnged, decided nt t keep it.
There is n dubt that bxes were then put n a train fr Knigsberg, which was at that time a German city n the Baltic Sea.
Summary:
Translate the fllwing sentences int Chinese.
He will wear n clthes which will make him different frm thers.
他不會穿使他顯得與眾不同的衣服。
He will wear n clthes, which will make him different frm thers.
他不穿衣服,這會使他顯得與眾不同。
She has tw brthers wh are wrking in the city.
她有兩個在這個城市工作的弟弟。
She has tw brthers, wh are wrking in the city.
她有兩個弟弟,他們在這個城市工作。
Step 2 Rules abut the Nn-Restrictive Attributive Clause
Next,let’s explre sme rules in the use f relative wrds in the Nn-Restrictive Attributive Clause. Lk at the fllwing sentences.
He gave me a gift, which he bught yesterday.
He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.
Rule1: 非限制性定語從句, 先行詞是事、物,關(guān)系詞只能用which,不用that,不省略。
D yu knw Tm, whm we talked abut?
Rule2: 非限制性定語從句, 先行詞是人, 關(guān)系詞只能用wh/whm,不用that,不省略。
I tld them the reasn, fr which I hadn’t attended the meeting.
Rule3: 非限制性定語從句,不能用why引導(dǎo),要用fr which代替。
They have fur children, the daughter f whm is wrking in that big cmpany nw.
Rule4: 非限制性定語從句由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”時,關(guān)系代詞用which/whm。
As I expect, he didn’t believe in me.
Rule5: 非限制性定語從句放在句首時,用as引導(dǎo)。
as, which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句區(qū)別:
e.g. The earth is rund, as/which is knwn t all.
As is knwn t all, the earth is rund.
Step 3 Practice
Fill in the blanks with prper relative wrds:
1. Beijing, which is the capital f China, has a very lng histry.
2. Yesterday I met Li Ping, wh seemed t be very busy.
3. Light travels much faster than sund, as/which is knwn t all..
4. There was an earthquake attacking this area the ther day, where/in which sme peple were injured.
5. As we all knw, Tm is an hnest by.
6. I explained the reasn, fr which I was late.
Step 4 Summary
The structure f this micr lessn:
二、相關(guān)教學(xué)資源
教師用書限制性定語從句
非限制性定語從句
結(jié)構(gòu)
與主句語意關(guān)系緊湊,定語從句不能刪除
與主句語意關(guān)系松散,定語從句可以刪除
功能
修飾先行詞
修飾先行詞或整個句子
形式
無逗號與主句分開
有逗號與主句分開
使用時可以用that引導(dǎo)
使用時不能用that引導(dǎo)
項目
as
which
指代
引導(dǎo)的從句只能指代整個主句的內(nèi)容
引導(dǎo)的從句既可指代整個主句的內(nèi)容,又可指代主句的一部分
位置
可位于主句之前、之后或之中
引導(dǎo)的從句不能位于主句之前
意義
正如
這,那
功能
起連接上下文的作用,表達(dá)說話人的觀點、看法,并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處等
引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個并列句
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