
ObjectivesT practice the usage f anyne,smene, everyne,anything,smething,everything and nthing.T learn new wrds: myself,yurself,hen, pig,seem,bred,smene,diary…T sum up the simple past tense.
Let’s talk!Where did yu g n yur vacatin? Did yu g t the z?Were there any…? What else did yu d?…
Grammar Fcus
yug ut with _a_n_y__n_e_?
認(rèn)真讀并觀察Grammar fcus內(nèi)容,完成下列句子 并試著總結(jié)一般過去時態(tài)的用法。你去了什么地方去度假?_Wh_e_r_e d_id_ yu g n vacatin?我去了紐約市。I _we_n_t tNew Yrk City.你和別的什么人一起去的嗎?
不,沒有別人在這兒。每個人都在度假。N. _N_ __n_ewas here. Ev_e_r_y__n_e was n _v_a_c_a_t_i_n_.你買了什么特別的東西了嗎?_Didyu buy a_n_y_t_h_i_n_g_ _s_p_e_c_ia_l_?是的,我為我爸爸買了些東西。Yes, I _b__u_g_h_t_ _s__m_e_t_h_i_n_g fr my father.不,我沒有買什么東西。N, I _b__u_g_ht n__thin_g.
吃的怎么樣?_H__w_ _wa_s the fd?所有的東西嘗起來都很好。
_E_v_e_r_y_thin_g_ _t_a_s_te_d
每個人都玩得很開心嗎?_D_i_d_e_v_er_y__n_e_ have a gd time?哦,是的。一切都很棒。Oh, yes. _Ev_er_y_t_h_i_n_gwas excellent.
The simple past tense
1.定義: 1) 表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常和表示過去的時間狀語(如yesterday, last night, in 1990, tw days ag...)連用;2) 也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作,常和表示頻度的 時間狀語(如ften, always…)連用。有哪些時間狀語可以用來描述過去?
一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用。a)時間狀語ag(tw hurs ag(一段時間+ag) yesterday(句子開頭或結(jié)尾)the day befre yesterdaylast week, last (year, night, mnth…)
具體時間(如Jan. furth) just nwat the age f ne day lng agnce upn a time(很久以前) and s nthis mrning lng lng ag
I did my hmewrk yesterday. I played sccer last Sunday.I cleaned my rm last week.I went t the beach three years ag.I played tennis with my friends last weekend. I went t the mvies three days ag.
注:“過去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week,…”等,實際上“與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”,亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前”,哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分鐘之 前”,只要所要表達(dá)的時間與說話時的“現(xiàn)在”形成對 立,就必須使用一般過去時來表達(dá)。在談到已死去的人 的情況時,多用過去時。
e.g.He was here nly a few minutes ag.僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。I came hme just nw.我剛回到家。I gt up very early this mrning.今天早晨我起床很早。He was late fr schl again tday.今天他又遲到了。
規(guī)則變化:直接加ed: wrk— wrkedplay—played以e結(jié)尾的單詞,直接加d:live —lived use——used
以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,變y為i加ed: study—— studied carry——carried wrry——wrried以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的,直接加ed:enjy ——enjyedplay——played以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的,雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed:stp—— stppedplan——planned
規(guī)則動詞過去式詞尾-ed的讀音
am, is—was g—went have—had take—tk eat—ate get—gt sleep—slept write—wrte
are—were d—did cme—came say—said see—saw put—put give—gave read—read/red/
buy—bught swim —swam feel—felt grw—grew knw—knew begin—began stand—std catch—caught
sit—satrun—ran make—made hear—heardtell—tld find—fund bring —brught spend—spent teach—taught
基本結(jié)構(gòu):be動詞的過去式
肯定句:主語+was (were) +其它I was late yesterday.昨天我遲到了。 否定句:主語+was (were) +nt+其它 We weren’t late yesterday.我們昨天沒遲到。
Be 動詞的一般過去時態(tài)構(gòu)成:
疑問句:Was (Were) +主語+其它?e.g.Were yu ill yesterday?你昨天病了嗎?
肯定回答: Yes, I was.否定句: N, I wasn’t.
是的,我病了。 不,我沒病。
特殊疑問句: 特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語+其它?e.g.When were yu brn?你是什么時候出生的?
A:Hw was yur vacatin, Lin? B: It was pretty gd.
A: Hwwerethe beaches?
B: Theyweregreat.A: Hw wasthe weather? B: It washt and wet.A: Hw were the peple?
B: They wereunfriendly. A:Hwwere the stres?B: Theywereexpensive.
Be— am/is(was)are(were)
肯定句要使用動詞的過去式,否定句和疑問句要 使用助動詞d和 des 的過去式 did??隙ň洌褐髡Z+動詞過去式+其它I went hme at nine ’clck yesterday.我昨天九點鐘回的家。否定句:主語+didn’t +動詞原形+其它I didn’t g hme yesterday.我昨天沒回家。
實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài)
疑問句:Did +主語+動詞原形+其它Did yu g hme yesterday? 你昨天回家了嗎?
肯定回答:Yes, I did.否定回答:N, I didn’t.
是的,我回了。 不,我沒回家。
動詞一般過去時, 表示過去發(fā)生的事;
be用was或用were, have, has變had;
謂語動詞過去式, 過去時間作標(biāo)志;
一般動詞加-ed, 若是特殊得硬記。
否定句很簡單, 主語之后didn’t添;
疑問句也不難, did放在主語前;
如果謂語之前有did, 謂語動詞需還原;
動詞若是was, were,否定就把nt添。
Last summer, I _w_e_n_tt the beach with my parents.
vacatin very much and I h__pet g there again.
My vacatin _wa_s_pretty gd . I wentthere by bus_a_n_d my bus trip w_a_s relaxing. The beach w_a_s very beautiful . It wa_s sunny. I p_l_a_y_e_d beach vlleyball and _we_n_t_swimming. The peple _wer_e friendly and the fd was _d_e_li_c_i_us . I e_n_j__y_e_d
Write abut yur vacatin andgive a reprt.
1. sme, any, n, every與-ne,-thing ,-bdy可以 組成復(fù)合不定代詞,他們分別是:
2. 復(fù)合不定代詞用法
(1) sme系列的不定代詞和sme一樣主要用于肯 定句;any系列的不定代詞和any一樣主要用于否 定或疑問句。如:There is s__me_thin_gwrng with my bike.我的自行車出毛病了。I can’t see a_n_y_n_e_in the classrm.在教室里我沒看見任何人。
不過,在表示請求、建議或征求意見的疑問句中 常用sme系列的詞。eg. Wuld yu like _s__m_e_t_h_ingt drink?你想要一些喝的東西嗎?在表達(dá)“任何”這一含義的肯定句中也要用any系列的詞。eg. I think a_ny__n_e can d it.我認(rèn)為任何人都會做。
(2) 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞smething, anyne等的adj,adv,t d不定式等要放在不定代詞的后面。如:Did yu meet _a_n_y_n_e_i_n_t_er_e_s_t_in_g?
你遇見有趣的人了嗎?I have _n__t_h_ing_ t d tday.我今天沒什么事可做。There’ss__m_e_t_h_i_n_g_i_mp__r_tan_t in the newspaper tday.今天的報紙里有一些重要的內(nèi)容。
這些不定代詞作主語時看作單數(shù),謂語動詞用 單數(shù)形式。eg.Everyne w_a_sn vacatin last weekends.上周末所有的人都在度假。n 系列的不定代詞可與 系列 的不定代詞替換。eg.I bught nthing.= I_d_i_d_n_'t_buy _a_n_y_t_h_ing.我什么也沒買。
fun n yur vacatin,
Fill in the blanks with the wrds in the bx and practice the cnversatin.
Linda: Did yu d a_n_y_t_h_ing Alice?
Alice: Yes, I did. I went t Sanya.Linda: Hw did yu like it?Alice: Well, it was my first time there, s_e_v_e_r_y_thin_g was really interesting.
anynesmethinganythingeverythingnthing
Linda: Did yu g with anyne? Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister. Linda: Did yu g shpping?
Alice: Of curse! I bught_s__met_h_i_n_g_ fr my parents, but _n__t_h_in_gfr myself.Linda: Why didn’t yu buy anythingfr yurself? Alice: I didn’t really see anythingI liked.
Fill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the wrds in the bx.
anythingeverythingnthingeverynen neDear Bill,Hw was yur vacatin? Did yu d _a_n_y_t_h_ing interesting? Did_e_v_er_y__ne in the family g with yu? I went t a friend’s farm in the cuntryside with my family. Ev_e_r_y_thin_g_was great.
We fed sme hens and saw sme baby pigs. They were s cute! The nly prblem was that there was
much t d in the evening but read. Still seemed t be bred. Bye fr nw!
n__t_h_ing
n_ _n_eMark
Ask yur grup questins abut their last vacatin. Then tell the class yur results.
up, te at nt...
Summary一般過去時態(tài)的構(gòu)成、用法, 動詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則。anyne, smene, everyne, n ne, anything, smething, everything , nthing 等復(fù)合不定代詞 的用法。
I. 寫出下列單詞的過去式。
1.get —gt 3.have — had 5.tell — tld 7.write — wrte 9.run — ran
2.say —said 4.be—was, were6.think —thught 8.drive — drve 10.read — read
12. stand —std
13. put — put15. buy — bught17. sleep — slept19. play — played
14. eat — ate16. drink — drank18. cme — came20. study —studied
21. listen —listened
II. 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
(live) in Japan last year.
yu(d) last night?
1. We _l_iv_e_d
Jack_s_t__p_p_e_d_ (stp) the car last Sunday.Tm _c_le_a_n_e_d_ (clean) his rm and _s_t_u_d_i_e_d_ (study) fr the Chinese test last weekend.
4.What d_i_d
5.On Sunday mrning I_p_l_a_y_e_d_(play) tennis.
Lucy did her hmewrk at hme. (改否定句)Lucy didn’t d her hmewrk at hme.He fund sme meat in the fridge(冰箱).(變一般疑問句)Did he find any meat in the fridge?She stayed there fr a week.(畫線部分提問)Hw lng did she stay there?
4. She went t the beach last Sunday. (變一般疑問句)
Did she g t the beach last Sunday?5.They stayed at hme n vacatin.(就畫線部分提問)Where did they stay n vacatin?
6. The weather was ht and humid. (變否定句)The weather wasn’t ht r humid.
Nancy went t the cinema last night. (改為同義句)Nancy went t see a film last night.The peple in New Yrk were friendly. (就畫線部分提問)Hw were the peple in New Yrk?
最近每個人都很忙。Everyne is very busy these days.— 你假期做什么有趣的事了嗎?— 是的。 我去北京了?!狣id yu d anything fun n yur vacatin?—Yes, I did. I went t Beijing.
3. 你假期過得怎么樣?Hw was yur vacatin?
晚上沒有什么事可做,只好看書。There was nthing much t d in the evening but reading.我給我父母買了一些禮物,卻沒給自己買。I bught sme gifts fr my parents, but nthing fr myself.
nthing newnew smethingsmething new
“每天學(xué)習(xí)新的東西”,肯定 句用smething,修飾語放在不 定代詞后面。
中考鏈接Learning is a lifelng jurney because we can learn _Cevery day.
A. smeneB. everyneC. anyne“我們組幾乎每個人都去過第 二屆數(shù)字中國建筑峰會”,肯 定句用everyne。
Almst Bin ur grup has been t the 2nd Digital China Summit. It’s fantastic.
1. Write abut yur vacatin in yur exercise bk.
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