UNIT 5 POEMSⅠ.匹配詞義a．匹配下列單詞詞義(　　)1.sorrow　　 A．adj.空白的；無圖畫 (或韻律、裝飾)的；沒表情的 n．空白；空格(　　)2.rhyme B．n.情緒；心情；語氣(　　)3.diamond   C．vt.修改；潤色；拋光 n．上光劑；拋光；擦亮(　　)4.amateur D．n.悲傷；悲痛；傷心事 vi.感到悲傷(　　)5.mood   E．n.押韻詞；押韻的短詩(　　)6.delicate   F．n.最后期限；截止日期(　　)7.revolve   G．n.鉆石；金剛石；菱形(　　)8.blank   H．n.業(yè)余愛好者 adj.業(yè)余的，業(yè)余愛好的(　　)9.deadline   I．n.精美的；精致的；脆弱的(　　)10.polish   J．vi.旋轉(zhuǎn)；環(huán)繞；轉(zhuǎn)動[答案]　1—5　DEGHB　6—10　IJAFCb．匹配下列短語詞義(　　)1.to the point　　 A．由……組成(構(gòu)成)(　　)2.be popular with B．有意義；講得通(　　)3.be made up of   C．切題的；中肯的(　　)4.make sense D．受……歡迎(　　)5.be translated into  E．被翻譯成[答案]　1—5　CDABEⅡ.默寫單詞1．literary adj.　 文學(xué)的；愛好文學(xué)的； 有文學(xué)作品特征的2．nursery adj.    幼兒教育的n.   托兒所；保育室3．folk adj.    民間的；民俗的；普通百姓的4．tease vi.&vt.    取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄5．syllable n.   音節(jié)6．await vt.    等候；期待；將發(fā)生在7．utter vt.    出聲；說；講adj.   安全的；十足的；徹底的8．prejudice n.   偏見；成見vt.   使懷有(或形成)偏見9．complicated adj.    復(fù)雜的；難懂的10．sow vt.&vi.    播種；種Ⅰ.選詞填空utter；tease；sorrow；deadline；await；blank；complicated；version；polish；prejudice1．They said that the decision was made more in sorrow than in anger.2．There is little prejudice against workers from other EU states.3．The situation in Lebanon is very complicated．4．He polished his glasses with a handkerchief.5．I hope we can finish this before the deadline．6．The English version of the novel is due for publication next year.7．She turned to a blank page in her notebook.8．He smacked his lips but did not utter a word.9．Don't tease him about his weight，you're being cruel.10．We know that many difficulties await us.Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．They finished first and second respectively(respective)．2．His behaviour was completely beyond comprehension(comprehensive)．3．She met people in London who were sympathetic(sympathy) to the Indian freedom struggle.4．He claims he has evidence which could prove his innocence(innocent)．5．I refused to enter into any correspondence(correspond) with him about it.6．They have pledged (保證) to end racial(race) discrimination in areas such as employment.1．There are various reasons why people compose poetry.人們寫詩的原因是多方面的。2．One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “l(fā)ist poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.最簡單的一種詩是“清單詩”，它包含了一系列發(fā)展特定主題的事物、人物、思想或描述。3．List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.清單詩有一個靈活的行長度和重復(fù)的短語，這給詩歌提供了一種模式和節(jié)奏。4．Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines. 另一種業(yè)余愛好者很容易寫詩的簡單形式是五行詩。5．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own. 有這么多不同形式的詩歌可供選擇，你最終可能會想自己寫詩。名師圈點①various adj.各種各樣的②compose vt.創(chuàng)作；撰寫③convey vt.傳遞；表達④sorrow n. 悲傷；悲痛；傷心事 vi.感到悲傷⑤distinctive adj.獨特的；有特色的⑥characteristic n．特征；特點；品質(zhì)⑦economical adj.經(jīng)濟的⑧descriptive adj. 描寫的；敘述的；描寫性的⑨vivid adj.生動的；栩栩如生的⑩integrated adj.綜合的；完整統(tǒng)一的?imagery n. 形象的描述；意象?literary adj. 文學(xué)的；愛好文學(xué)的；有文學(xué)作品特征的? metaphor n．暗喻；隱喻?rhyme n. 押韻詩rhythm n. 節(jié)奏；韻律；規(guī)律?nursery rhyme 童謠；兒歌?folk adj.民間的；民俗的；普通百姓的?to the point切題的；中肯的?make sense有意義；講得通? contradictory adj.矛盾的；對立的?recite vt. 背誦；吟誦；列舉description n．描寫；描述theme n．主題flexible adj.靈活的；可彎曲的amateur n. 業(yè)余愛好者 adj. 業(yè)余的；業(yè)余愛好的cinquain n．五行詩be made up of由……組成haiku n. 俳句consist of由……構(gòu)成syllable n．音節(jié) format n．格式；總體安排 vt.格式化 respectively adv. 分別；各自；依次為translation n．翻譯；譯文delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的mockingbird n．嘲鶇diamond n．鉆石；金剛石；菱形brass n．黃銅；黃銅制品；銅管樂器 billy goat 公山羊bull n. 公牛dewdrop n．露水；露珠clover n．三葉草lawn n．草坪；草地athletic adj.健壯的；田徑運動的tease vi.&vt. 取笑(某人)；逗弄await vt. 等候；期待；將發(fā)生在revolve vi. 旋轉(zhuǎn)；環(huán)繞；將發(fā)生在 utter vt. 出聲；說；講原文呈現(xiàn)A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMSThere are various① reasons why people compose② poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader's mind. Others try to convey③ certain feelings such as joy and sorrow④. The distinctive⑤ characteristics⑥ of poetry often include economical⑦ use of words，descriptive⑧ and vivid⑨ language，integrated⑩ imagery?，literary? devices such as similes and metaphors?，and arrangement of words，lines，rhymes?，and rhythm. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes?. They are usually the traditional poems or folk? songs. The language of these rhymes，like Poem A，is to the point? but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme，have a strong rhythm，and often repeat the same words. The poems may not make sense? and even seem contradictory?，but they are easy to learn and recite?. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes，children learn about language.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme [like B and C]，while others do not.Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines. With these，you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. Look at the example [D]．Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. It has a format of three lines，containing 5，7，and 5 syllables respectively. It is not a traditional form of English poetry，but is very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and，like the cinquain，can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words. The haiku poem [E] on the right is a translation from Japanese，which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.English speakers also enjoy poems from China，those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English，such as this one [F]．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try!AHush，little baby，don't say a word，Papa's gonna buy you a mockingbird.If that mockingbird won't sing，Papa's gonna buy you a diamond ring.If that diamond ring turns to brass，Papa's gonna buy you a looking glass.If that looking-glass gets broke，Papa's gonna buy you a billy goat.If that billy goat won't pull，Papa's gonna buy you a cart and bull.B MotherHundreds of stars in the deep blue sky，Hundreds of shells on the shore together，Hundreds of birds that go singing by，Hundreds of bees in the sunny weather，Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn，Hundreds of bees in the purple clover，Hundreds of butterflies on the lawnBut only one mother the world over.George CooperCLIFELife can be good，Life can be bad，Life is mostly cheerful，but sometimes sad.Life can be dreams，Life can be great thoughts，Life can mean a person，Sitting in court.DBrotherBeautiful，athleticTeasing，shouting，laughingFriend and enemy tooMineEA fallen blossomIs coming back to the branch.Look，a butterfly!FWhere she awaits her husbandOn and on the river flows.Never looking back，Transformed into stone.Day by day upon the mountain top，wind and rain revolve.Should the traveller return，this stone would utter speech.Wang Jian譯文參考英語詩歌的一些形式人們寫詩的原因是多方面的。有些詩在讀者心目中講故事或描寫某種形象。其他人則試圖表達某些情感，如喜悅和悲傷。詩歌的顯著特點通常包括用詞簡潔，語言描述生動、形象，具備整合的意象，使用明喻和暗喻等文學(xué)手法，詞、行、韻、節(jié)奏等編排有序。詩人用許多不同的種類的詩歌來表達自己。現(xiàn)在我們來看一些簡單的形式。小孩子在英語中最先學(xué)會的一些詩是兒歌。它們通常是傳統(tǒng)詩歌或民歌。這些童謠(如詩歌A)的語言簡單明了，但有故事情節(jié)。許多孩子喜歡童謠，因為童謠押韻，節(jié)奏很強，而且經(jīng)常重復(fù)同一個單詞。這些詩可能沒有意義，甚至看起來矛盾，但它們很容易學(xué)習(xí)和背誦。通過玩兒歌里的單詞，孩子們學(xué)習(xí)語言。最簡單的一種詩是“清單詩”，它包含了一系列發(fā)展特定主題的事物、人物、思想或描述。清單詩有一個靈活的行長度和重復(fù)的短語，這給詩歌提供了一種模式和節(jié)奏。有些押韻[像B和C]，而另一些不押韻。另一種業(yè)余愛好者很容易寫詩的簡單形式是五行詩。有了這些，你可以在短短的幾句話里傳達出一幅強烈的畫面或某種情緒?？碵D]這個例子。俳句是一種日語詩歌形式，由17個音節(jié)組成。它有三行格式，分別包含5、7和5個音節(jié)。它不是英國詩歌的傳統(tǒng)形式，但很受英國作家的歡迎。它寫起來很容易，而且像五行詩一樣，每用幾個字就能給人一個清晰的畫面和一種特殊的感覺。右邊的俳句詩是日文的譯本，它展示了一只精致蝴蝶生命中的一刻。母語是英語的人也喜歡中國的詩，尤其是唐朝的詩。有許多唐詩被翻譯成英文，比如這一首詩[F]。有這么多不同形式的詩歌可供選擇，你最終可能會想自己寫詩。試試看！A安靜，小寶貝，不要說話，爸爸會去給你買一個嘲鶇。如果嘲鶇不唱歌，爸爸會去給你買一枚鉆石戒指。如果鉆石戒指變成黃銅，爸爸會去給你買一面鏡子。如果鏡子碎了，爸爸會給你買一只山羊。如果這山羊逃跑了，爸爸會給你買一輛馬車和一頭公牛。B母親千百顆行星掛在深藍的天空，千百顆貝殼遍布悠長的海岸，千百只鳥兒鳴唱飛過，千百只蜜蜂在陽光下往返，千百滴露珠迎接黎明，千百只蜜蜂穿梭在紫色的三葉草中，千百只蝴蝶在原野飛舞，可只有一個母親，在這茫茫的世間。喬治·庫珀C生活生活可以美滿，生活可以悲傷，生活可以充滿歡樂，但有時令人沮喪。生活可以是夢想，生活可以也可能是偉大的思想，生活也可能意味著一個人，(法庭) 坐在被告席上。D兄弟愛美，又愛運動愛鬧，愛叫，又愛笑是我的朋友也是我的敵人E落下的花朵，回到了樹枝上。 瞧啊，是個蝴蝶！F望夫處，江悠悠，化為石，不回頭。山頭日日風(fēng)復(fù)雨，行人歸來石應(yīng)語。王建

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高中英語人教版 (2019)選擇性必修 第三冊電子課本

Unit 5 Poems

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