(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意
1．fiction n．　　　　　　　 　 小說(shuō)；虛構(gòu)或想象出來(lái)的事
[縱聯(lián)1] 超重的；體重超常的
[縱聯(lián)2] 優(yōu)雅的；高雅的；講究的
4．scan vt. 細(xì)看；仔細(xì)檢查；粗略地看；瀏覽；掃描
5．a(chǎn)bsurd adj. 荒謬的；可笑的
6．a(chǎn)wful adj. 極壞的；極討厭的；可怕的；(口語(yǔ))糟透的
7．a(chǎn)ffair n. 事務(wù)；事情；曖昧關(guān)系
8．cuisine n. 菜肴；烹飪(風(fēng)味)
9．grand adj. 大的；豪華的；雄偉的
10．biography n. (由他人撰寫的)傳記；傳記文學(xué)
11．navy n. 海軍；海軍部隊(duì)
12．chapter n. (書中的)章；篇；回
13．thinking n. 思想；思考
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形
1．desire n. 渴望；欲望；渴求
vt. 希望得到；想要
[縱聯(lián)3] 獎(jiǎng)金；額外津貼；紅利；額外收獲
3．sympathy n. 同情(心)
4．pile_ n. 堆；摞；疊
vi. 堆起；堆積
vt. 把……堆起；積聚
5．envy vt. 忌妒；羨慕
6．a(chǎn)ffection n. 喜愛；愛；感情
7．bound_ adj. 一定的；密切相關(guān)的
8．part-time adj. 兼職的
9．junior_ adj. 較年幼的；資歷較淺的；地位較低的
n. 年少者；晚輩；等級(jí)較低者
10．staff n. 全體員工；手杖
11．divorce n.
vt.[縱聯(lián)4]
Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變
1．satisfaction n．滿意；滿足；令人滿意的事物→satisfy vt.使?jié)M足；使?jié)M意→satisfying adj.令人滿意的→satisfied adj.滿意的
2．a(chǎn)larm vt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng)n.警報(bào)；驚恐→alarmed_ adj.擔(dān)心的；害怕的→alarming adj.使人害怕的；擾亂人心的
3．favour n．喜愛；恩惠vt.喜愛；偏袒→favourable_ adj.贊成的；有利的→favourite adj.最喜愛的
4．a(chǎn)ccompany vt.陪伴；伴奏→company n．陪伴；伴隨→companion_ n．伙伴；伴侶；同伴
5．declare vt.宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱→declaration n．宣言；公布
6．talent n．天才；特殊能力；才干→talented adj.有才能的[縱聯(lián)5]
7．obey vt.& vi.服從；順從→disobey vt.& vi.不服從；違抗
8．a(chǎn)ssessment n．評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)定；評(píng)估→assess vt.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)定；估價(jià)；估定


縱聯(lián)1.凡事不可過(guò)度(over-)
①overweight adj.超重的　 　 　 ②overload vt.超載
③overwork vt.& vi.工作過(guò)度 ④overeat vi.吃得過(guò)飽
⑤overvalue vt.高估 ⑥overuse vt.過(guò)度使用
⑦overconfident adj.過(guò)度自信的 ⑧overdraw vt. 透支
縱聯(lián)2.令人佩服的優(yōu)良“品質(zhì)”
①elegant高雅的 ②mature成熟的
③sensible明智的 ④selfless無(wú)私的
⑤modest謙虛的 ⑥noble高貴的
⑦generous慷慨大方的 ⑧determined堅(jiān)定的
縱聯(lián)3.“獎(jiǎng)金利潤(rùn)”咱都要！
①bonus紅利；獎(jiǎng)金 ②profit利潤(rùn)
③interest利息 ④award獎(jiǎng)；獎(jiǎng)金
⑤prize獎(jiǎng)；獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)
縱聯(lián)4.“婚姻”詞匯知多少
①divorce n．離婚 ②marry v．結(jié)婚
③marriage n．婚姻 ④wedding n．婚禮
⑤bridegroom n．新郎 ⑥bride n．新娘
縱聯(lián)5.“天才”這邊看過(guò)來(lái)
①talent n．天才；才干 ②talented adj.有才能的
③gift n．天才；才能 ④gifted adj.有天賦的
⑤genius n．天才；天賦

單元話題——機(jī)器人科技
子話題1　機(jī)器人相關(guān)技術(shù)
①chip n．芯片 ②artificial adj.人工的
③intelligence n. 智能 ④programme n．程序
⑤function n．功能 ⑥develop v．研發(fā)；開發(fā)
⑦application n．應(yīng)用程序 ⑧automatic adj.自動(dòng)的
⑨control v．控制 ⑩model n．模型
子話題2　機(jī)器人開發(fā)和研究
①analyze v．分析 ②observe v．觀測(cè)；觀察
③explore v．探索 ④solve v．解決
⑤simplify v．簡(jiǎn)化 ⑥equip v．裝備；配備
⑦create v．創(chuàng)造 ⑧invent v．發(fā)明
⑨inspire v．鼓舞；啟示 ⑩research n．&v.研究


[學(xué)考對(duì)接·活學(xué)活用]
高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用
1．(2018·浙江高考語(yǔ)法填空)Few people I know seem to have much desire? or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes? is seen as especially troublesome ...
While regularly eating out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost.The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be affordable but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even higher cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight? problems.
①句中desire的詞性為：名詞，意為：欲望；其他表示“渴望”的名詞還有hunger, eager, thirst
②寫出加彩單詞在本單元的近義詞：cuisine
③寫出weight在本單元的派生詞：overweight，意為“超重的”
2．(2011·天津高考閱讀D)Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire?　 (create) something unique.Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected?you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.
Study your role models, accept the gifts? they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you.Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors' tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”
①用create的適當(dāng)形式填空：to_create
②寫出affect在本單元的同根名詞：affection
③寫出加彩單詞在本單元的近義詞：_talent
高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用
(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及提示詞翻譯句子)
1．(2018·天津高考書面表達(dá))得知你在設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)器人方面頗有天賦，我很想邀請(qǐng)你前來(lái)參加。(talent, desire)
Learning_you_have_shown_great_talent_in_designing_robots，here I desire to　invite　you　to　join.
2．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))如果你想要我陪伴，請(qǐng)打電話給我。我隨時(shí)有空。(accompany)
If_you_want_me_to_accompany_you,_please_ring_me_up.I_will_be_available_at_any_time.
(二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑
1．desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要
[記牢]
(1)have a strong desire
(2)desire to do sth.　　　　　　 　 渴望做某事
desire sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
desire that ...(should) do sth. 希望……做某事
[練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①These activities seemed to satisfy my desire_to_be (be) useful and to feel a meaningful connection to the lives of others.
②We all share a common desire for_pleasure, connection and something that is greater than us.
③The teacher desired that all the exercises (should)_be_handed (hand) in before school was over.
[用準(zhǔn)]　desire作及物動(dòng)詞，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。desire意為“希望”后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。此外，desire作名詞時(shí)其后所接主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
[寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子
④(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))既然你渴望學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)文化，我認(rèn)為北京語(yǔ)言大學(xué)是你的理想去處。
Since_you_have_a_strong_desire_to_learn_Chinese_culture,_I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.
2．a(chǎn)larm vt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng) n．警報(bào)；驚恐；鬧鐘
[記牢]
(1)in alarm　　　　　　　　 驚恐地
(2)alarmed adj. 擔(dān)心的；害怕的
be alarmed at/by 對(duì)……驚恐/擔(dān)心
be/get alarmed about 對(duì)……大驚小怪
[練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①On hearing the scream, he jumped up in alarm.
②Nothing to be alarmed about,_it's probably just a false alarm.
③The firemen were alarmed at/by the big fire they had never seen before.
[寫美]　句式升級(jí)
④I was on my way to the bookstore when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, and it frightened me a lot.(alarmed, which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)
→I was on my way to the bookstore when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which_made_me_alarmed_a_lot/which_alarmed_me_a_lot.
3．favour n．喜愛；恩惠；幫忙；偏愛 vt.喜愛；偏袒
[記牢]
(1)ask sb.a favour　　　　　 請(qǐng)某人幫忙
do sb.a favour＝do a favour for sb.　　 幫某人忙
(2)in favour of 同意；支持；贊成
in one's favour 有利于某人；對(duì)……有利
(3)favourable adj. 贊成的；有利的
[練通]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Then we voted for the monitor.The result was 28 to 15 in Wang Hong's favour.
②Do me_a_favour and turn the radio down while I am on the phone, will you?
③When circumstances are favourable (favour), we must not forget that there will still be difficulties.
單句改錯(cuò)
④People who are in the favour of modern city life may think it is rather dull to live in the countryside.去掉第一個(gè)the
[寫美]　句式改寫
⑤(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I also want you to help me.(用含有favour的短語(yǔ)改寫)
→I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I wonder_if_you_could_do_a_favour_for_me/do_me_a_favour.
4．a(chǎn)ccompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
[記牢]
(1)accompany sb.to someplace　 陪伴/陪同某人到某地
(2)accompany sb.at/on sth. 用某物為某人伴奏
accompanied by/with ... 伴隨……發(fā)生
(3)company n．[U] 陪伴；伴隨
companion n．[C] 伙伴；伴侶；同伴
keep sb.company 陪某人
in the company of sb. 在某人的陪伴/陪同下

[練通]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I don't think it's necessary for parents to accompany their children to college.
②While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her at/on the piano.
③(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website accompanied_ (accompany) by the touching words.
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
④When children are accompanied by their parents, they are allowed to enter the stadium.
→Children, accompanied_by_their_parents,_are allowed to enter the stadium.
[寫美]　 補(bǔ)全句子
⑤沒有人在節(jié)日時(shí)陪伴她，這位老太太感到孤獨(dú)。
With_nobody_accompanying_her_during_the_festival,_the old lady felt lonely.
5．declare vt.宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱
[記牢]
declare for/against　　　　　　 聲明贊成/反對(duì)
declare war on/against 向……宣戰(zhàn)
declare ...to be/as ... 宣布……為/是……
declare that ... 宣告；宣稱
[練通]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①They declared against building a new bridge because it would cost a lot of money.
②The opening of the competition was_declared (declare) yesterday.
③Some scientists declare that_most of our tiredness comes from our mental and emotional attitudes.
[寫美]　翻譯句子
④在2011年，理查德聲稱他計(jì)劃在他40歲生日之前找到40個(gè)同年同月同日生(time twins)的人。
In_2011,_Richard_declared_that_he_planed_to_find_40_time_twins_before_his_40th_birthday.
[詞匯過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 　
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．It was a reasonable assessment (評(píng)估) and probably pretty close to the truth.
2．If it weren't for Jeff's quick thinking (思考), Tillie could have been badly hurt.
3．South Africa students like eating fast food so they are overweight (超重的)．
4．Alma's musical talent (才能) first came to light before she could even talk.
5．David's parents divorced (離婚) when he was six, which had a bad influence on his childhood.
6．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm (鬧鐘) clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!
7．Nearly all the students got full marks in the test and our maths teacher smiled with satisfaction (滿意)．
8．As you know, the Spring Festival in China is a(n) grand (盛大的) festival, which we Chinese celebrate cheerfully.
Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．It is a great satisfaction to know the hero finally awoke.
2．The president was so young that he was junior to some of his employees.
3．If you had_obeyed (obey) the order, the disaster could not have happened.
4．Only one third of the people present at the meeting voted in favour of the new law.
5．In the background of protecting the national culture heritage, local government begins to declare them as non-material cultural heritage.
6．Everyone has a desire for success while success only belongs to the hard-working people.
7．My daughter showed a lot of sympathy for the people who were begging from the passing shoppers.
8．After living in Hangzhou for five years, she has developed quite an affection (affect) for the city.
9．At present, the rapid spread of the disease is_alarming (alarm) the medical authorities.They are anxious like a cat on hot bricks.
10．On seeing that the famous actress came onto the stage with her boyfriend accompanying (accompany) her, all the fans burst out screaming.
Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò)
1．He threw a stone towards his car out envy.out后加of
2．He desired that his book was read by as many people as possible.was→be
3．As far as I'm concerned, Daisy is a talent actress, who has an ability to play different roles.talent→talented
4．There are several people more junior to me in my company，but I still show respect for them.去掉more
5．We did a lot for the elderly there, cleaning their rooms, washing their clothes and accompany them.accompany→accompanying
Ⅳ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子
1．他們大部分人支持我的觀點(diǎn)，然而戴維卻反對(duì)。(favour)
The majority of them were_in_favour_of_my opinion while David was against it.
2．多數(shù)從貧困家庭出來(lái)的學(xué)生都有多學(xué)知識(shí)的強(qiáng)烈欲望。(desire)
Most students from poor families have_a_strong_desire_to_get_more_knowledge.
3．出于對(duì)無(wú)家可歸孩子的同情，晚上他給他們提供了安身之所。(sympathy)
Out_of_sympathy_for_the_homeless_children,_he gave them shelter for the night.
4．媽媽要我陪她去超市。(accompany)
Mom asked me_to_accompany_her_to_the_supermarket.
5．上周他們聲稱反對(duì)在村子里建一座新的化工廠。(declare)
Last week, they declared_against building a new chemical plant in the village.

(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)

1._test_out　　　　　　　　　 考驗(yàn)出；檢驗(yàn)完；試驗(yàn)
[串記1] 給……打電話
3._turn_around 轉(zhuǎn)身；翻轉(zhuǎn)
4．leave_...alone 不管；別惹；讓……一個(gè)人待著；
和……單獨(dú)在一起
5．set_aside_ 將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)省
或保留 (錢或時(shí)間)
[串記2] 一共；總計(jì)
7．be_bound_to 一定做……
8．reach_for 伸手去夠
9．in_favour_of 支持；贊成
10．or_rather 更確切地說(shuō)
[同根短語(yǔ)串記]
串記1.這個(gè)電話怎么打？
①ring up　　　　　 　　　 給……打電話
②call/telephone sb. 給某人打電話
③give sb.a call/ring 給某人打個(gè)電話
④make a phone call 打個(gè)電話
⑤call back 回電話
⑥hang up 掛斷電話
⑦h(yuǎn)old on 別掛電話
串記2.“總共；總計(jì)”知多少？
①in all 一共；合計(jì)；總計(jì)
②in total 總共；合計(jì)；總計(jì)
③all together 總共；一起
④altogether adv. 總共；完全地

1．facial expression　　　　 　 　　 面部表情
2．improve one's social position 提高某人的社會(huì)地位
3．the amused and surprised look 有趣而又驚訝的神情
4．weep with anger 氣得直哭
5．be completely transformed 煥然一新
6．disappear from sight 消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤
7．no risk to ... 對(duì)……不造成危害
8．in the present and the past 現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去
9．gain a master's degree in chemistry 獲得化學(xué)碩士學(xué)位
10．throughout his life 在他的一生中

1．His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.
機(jī)器人名叫托尼，看上去更像一個(gè)人，而不像一臺(tái)機(jī)器。
2．It_was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.
機(jī)器人如此通人性，這使她覺得心煩和害怕。
3．As she turned around, there_stood_Gladys Claffern.
她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，就看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬站在那兒。
4．What_a_sweet_victory to be envied by those women!
受到那些女士的妒忌，這該是多么甜美的勝利！
5．Asimov began having_stories_published in science fiction magazines in 1939.
在1939年阿西莫夫開始在科幻雜志上發(fā)表小說(shuō)。
[學(xué)考對(duì)接·活學(xué)活用]
高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的短語(yǔ)(補(bǔ)全句子)
1．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ閱讀C)Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set_aside_time_ (抽出時(shí)間) for them to read.
2．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ完形填空)I turned_around_ (轉(zhuǎn)身) and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.
高考采擷(二) 寫作中的短語(yǔ)和句式(句式升級(jí)/翻譯句子)
1．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))If you follow my suggestions, I believe you must have a great time.
→If you follow my suggestions, I believe you will_be_bound_to have a great time.
2．(2018·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))毫無(wú)疑問，在消費(fèi)中完全依賴排名也是不明智的。(it作形式主語(yǔ))
There_is_no_doubt_that_it_is_unwise_to_depend_completely_on_the_ratings_in_consumption.
3．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))這是關(guān)于這部英文短片的一些相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。 (全部倒裝句)
Here_are_some_relevant_details_about_the_English_short_film.
(二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑
[短語(yǔ)集釋]
1．leave ...alone不管；別惹；讓……一個(gè)人待著；和……單獨(dú)在一起
[記牢]
leave aside　　　　　　　 擱置一邊
leave behind 遺留；把……拋在后面
leave for ... 動(dòng)身前往……
leave out 省略；遺漏；忽略
leave off 終止；中斷
[練通]　選用上述短語(yǔ)填空
①She's asked to be left_alone_but the press photographers follow her everywhere.
②The United Nations estimates that more than 900 million people move away for work, often leaving their children behind.
③I'm leaving_for Vienna to visit my children, who have been away from me for three months.
④Leave the difficult questions aside and try to answer the easier ones.
[寫美]　翻譯句子
⑤(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))不要擔(dān)心，我們中國(guó)人都很友好，你不會(huì)感到被冷落的。
Don't_worry!_We_Chinese_are_friendly_and_you_won't_feel_left_out.
2．set aside將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)省或保留(錢或時(shí)間)；暫時(shí)不考慮
[記牢]
set off　　　　　　　　　 動(dòng)身；出發(fā)；引爆；引發(fā)
set up 建立；引起
set down 寫下；放下
set out (to do sth.) 出發(fā)；開始(做某事)
set about (doing sth.) 著手(做某事)
[練通]　選用上述短語(yǔ)填空
①He will set_down all his important thoughts in his diary when they are fresh in his mind.
②They set_up a working party to look into the issue.
③Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set_about preparing your business plan.
[寫美]　翻譯句子
④(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))我真誠(chéng)地希望你能抽出一些時(shí)間來(lái)看這場(chǎng)藝術(shù)盛宴。
I_sincerely_hope_you_can_set_aside_some_time_for_the_art_feast.
[句式集釋]
地點(diǎn)副詞位于句首時(shí)引起的完全倒裝
[教材原句]　As she turned around, there_stood Gladys Claffern.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)The moment the bell rang, out rushed (rush) the children.
(2)The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city.There stands (stand)a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure.
(3)Present at the conference_were_ (be) experts from all over the world.
(4)Buried in the earth_was (be) a jar with lots of ancient coins in it.
[析用法規(guī)則]
用法歸納
(1)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away, out等置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，句子需用完全倒裝。此時(shí)，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
(2)當(dāng)表語(yǔ)是分詞、副詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)比較長(zhǎng)且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，為了保持平衡或強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)，常把表語(yǔ)放在句首，引起句子完全倒裝。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：分詞/副詞/形容詞/介詞短語(yǔ)＋be＋主語(yǔ)。
注意事項(xiàng)
(1)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，不用倒裝語(yǔ)序。如：In he came and the lesson began.
(2)there be句型中的be可以用表示“存在”的動(dòng)詞，如live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等替代。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：there＋存在類動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)。如：There seems to be something wrong with it.
[背寫作佳句]
(1)(2018·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))However, there seems to be some different opinions on the ratings.(要點(diǎn)句)
(2)(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Here comes the table manners you're concerned about.(要點(diǎn)句)


[詞塊、句式過(guò)關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.選詞填空
set aside， test out， ring up， turn around， be bound to， in favour of， in all， leave ... alone
1．We rang_up Henry but got no reply.He must have gone out.
2．He turned_around as he heard a noise behind him but found nothing.
3．The new discovery_is_bound_to_be of great benefit to human beings.
4．The new product which will be tested_out next month is a combination of traditional methods and artificial intelligence.
5．There are 32 doctors and 26 nurses_in_all present at the meeting held last night.
6．I suggest_setting_aside some money every month for education and insurance.
7．In our city, almost everyone is in_favour_of bringing down the housing price because it is too high for them to buy one.
8．Leave the boy alone,_and he can make up his own mind.
Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1．To master two foreign languages is necessary for the young.
→It's_necessary_for_the_young_to_master two foreign languages.(it作形式主語(yǔ))
2．How good an example he set for us!
→What_a_good_example he set for us！(what 感嘆句式)
3．All night long he lay awake and thought of the problem.
→All night long he lay awake, thinking_of the problem.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))
4．Our library lies in the center of our school.
→In the center of our school_lies_our_library.(完全倒裝句)
5．My mother desires me to go abroad for further education.
→My mother desires that I_(should)_go abroad for further education.(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
Ⅲ.分步寫作
假定社會(huì)發(fā)展到了2030年，照顧老年人成了一個(gè)突出的社會(huì)問題。你們公司順應(yīng)社會(huì)需求，適時(shí)推出了一款家用機(jī)器人。請(qǐng)你寫一篇發(fā)言稿，在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上向大家推薦公司的這款新產(chǎn)品。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點(diǎn)
1．審題：①文體：發(fā)言稿?、谌朔Q：主要是第一人稱
③時(shí)態(tài)：主要是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
2．本文內(nèi)容可從三個(gè)方面入手：
開頭介紹空巢老人的問題，引出主題，推薦一款家用機(jī)器人。
中間部分是文章的重點(diǎn)，介紹該機(jī)器人的主要功能，如在規(guī)定時(shí)間做飯，陪老人聊天、下棋、做運(yùn)動(dòng)，能及時(shí)處理突發(fā)事件等。由于該部分要點(diǎn)較多，寫作時(shí)容易遺漏，應(yīng)注意。
結(jié)尾表示期望。
要點(diǎn)1－①：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們沒有足夠的時(shí)間陪伴老人，這導(dǎo)致很多老人被單獨(dú)留在家中。
With_the_development_of_economy,_people_don't_have_enough_time_to_accompany_the_elderly,_which_leads_to_many_old_people_being_left_alone_at_home.
要點(diǎn)1－②：為了解決這個(gè)問題，我們公司推出這款家用機(jī)器人。
To_solve_this_problem,_our_company_brings_out_the_household_robot.
要點(diǎn)2－①：它能在規(guī)定的時(shí)間做飯，并且陪同老人聊天、下棋和做運(yùn)動(dòng)。
It_can_cook_meals_at_a_fixed_time_and_accompany_old_people_in_having_a_chat,_playing_chess_and_doing_exercise.
要點(diǎn)2－②：它還能處理突發(fā)事件。比如，如果老人突然生病，這個(gè)機(jī)器人會(huì)給醫(yī)生打電話求助。(emergency, ring up)
It_can_also_deal_with_emergencies.For_example,_if_an_old_people_falls_ill_suddenly,_the_robot_will_ring_up_doctors_for_help.
要點(diǎn)3：如果你擁有這樣一款機(jī)器人，我相信會(huì)對(duì)你有很大的幫助。
I_believe_it_would_be_a_great_help_for_you_if_you_own_such_a_robot.
第二步：添加細(xì)節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達(dá)更亮眼
為了使行文連貫和滿足詞數(shù)要求，我們需要補(bǔ)充一些要點(diǎn)和添加細(xì)節(jié)。例如：在要點(diǎn)1－①運(yùn)用“it is not unusual that ...”句型表達(dá)這種現(xiàn)象很普遍；在要點(diǎn)1－②后補(bǔ)充銜接句(下面就是關(guān)于該機(jī)器人的一些相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié))引出下文；在要點(diǎn)2－①部分用have后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子進(jìn)行改寫升級(jí)。
拓展要點(diǎn)1－①：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們沒有足夠的時(shí)間陪伴老人，導(dǎo)致很多老人被單獨(dú)留在家里，這很普遍。(it作形式主語(yǔ))
With_the_development_of_economy,_it_is_not_unusual_that_people_don't_have_enough_time_to_accompany_the_elderly,_which_leads_to_many_old_people_being_left_alone_at_home.
補(bǔ)充銜接句：下面就是關(guān)于該機(jī)器人的一些相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。(完全倒裝句)
Below_are_some_relevant_details_about_this_robot.
升級(jí)要點(diǎn)2－①：你可以讓這個(gè)機(jī)器人在規(guī)定時(shí)間做飯，陪同老人聊天、下棋和做運(yùn)動(dòng)。(have sb.do sth.)
You_can_have_the_robot_cook_meals_at_a_fixed_time,_accompany_old_people_in_having_a_chat,_playing_chess_and_doing_exercise.
第三步：連句成文，排語(yǔ)句順序，重銜接過(guò)渡
本文要求寫一篇發(fā)言稿，應(yīng)有稱呼語(yǔ)，可用“Ladies and gentlemen”作稱呼語(yǔ)。正文部分用Welcome to our company's news conference.作開場(chǎng)白，然后指出你發(fā)言的目的是為了順應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展，推出公司的一款機(jī)器人，此處可添加過(guò)渡詞as you know。第二段介紹該機(jī)器人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，為了有條理可采用連接詞，如to start with， moreover進(jìn)行連接，文章最后用“Thank you！”致謝，結(jié)束全文。
Ladies_and_gentlemen，
Welcome_to_our_company's_news_conference.As_you_know,_with_the_development_of_economy,_it_is_not_unusual_that_people_don't_have_enough_time_to_accompany_the_elderly,_which_leads_to_many_old_people_being_left_alone_at_home.To_solve_this_problem,_our_company_brings_out_the_household_robot.Below_are_some_relevant_details_about_this_robot.
To_start_with,_you_can_have_the_robot_cook_meals_at_a_fixed_time,_accompany_old_people_in_having_a_chat,_playing_chess_and_doing_exercise.Moreover,_it_can_also_deal_with_emergencies.For_example,_if_an_old_people_falls_ill_suddenly,_the_robot_will_ring_up_doctors_for_help.I_believe_it_would_be_a_great_help_for_you_if_you_own_such_a_robot.
Thank_you!

理清句間結(jié)構(gòu)之(九)　讓步
表示讓步關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞：although, though, while, even if, even though, whether ... or (not) ...等。
[高考典例1]　2016·天津卷·完形填空
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn't expect any award but was still there to 30(cheer_on) her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31(announcing),_“The highest honor goes to Cathy！” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32(will) and enthusiasm. __33__ skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset (財(cái)富) one can hold is the heart.”
33．A.Although　　　　　　　　　 B．Since
C．Once D．Because
[分析]　“skills and talents bring great success”(技能和天賦給我們帶來(lái)巨大的成功)和“the most valuable asset one can hold is the heart”(一個(gè)人所擁有的最有價(jià)值的財(cái)富是內(nèi)心)之間是讓步關(guān)系，所以選although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
[高考典例2]　2015·江蘇卷·完形填空
I'm an ambitious 40(writer),_and when I started going through chemo (化療), even though I'm a very __41__ person, I lost my drive to write. I was just too tired and not in the 42(mood). One day, while waiting to go in for 43(treatment),_I had one of Dr. Bernie's books in my hand. Another patient 44(noticed) what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me 45(because) he had one of his books with him as well. It 46(turned_out) that among other things, he was an eighty-year-old writer. He was 47(actually) a published author, and he was currently 48(working) on a new book.
41．A.positive B．a(chǎn)greeable
C．humorous D．honest
[分析]　聯(lián)系后文所說(shuō)的“我失去了寫作的動(dòng)力”，并結(jié)合even though表示讓步可知，此處表示即使我是一個(gè)積極樂觀的(positive)人。

[高考典例3]　2012·山東卷·完形填空
Kurt and Rita receive no 52(payment) for their hard work. “We feel like parents，” says Rita, “and parents shouldn't 53(expect) money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets __54__， she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 55(difference) in the world.
54．A.surprised B．excited
C．tired D．a(chǎn)mused
[分析]　由句中的Though可知，空處所在句是一個(gè)表示讓步的句子。句意：盡管Rita承認(rèn)常常感到累(tired)，但她說(shuō)她會(huì)繼續(xù)這種工作，因?yàn)樗矚g這種讓世界變得不同的感覺。
[高考典例4]　2012·江蘇卷·完形填空
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to an 39(end) as we've known it.People have become so 40(reachable) in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted __41__ they'd rather not be.Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (寫博客), not only from our 42(computers),_but from our mobile phones as well.
41．A.even if B．only if
C．a(chǎn)s if D．if only
[分析]　由本句的語(yǔ)境可知，即使他們不希望被聯(lián)系到，也經(jīng)常有人聯(lián)系他們。even if “即使，雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，符合語(yǔ)境。


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