(一)課前自主學習

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意
1．a(chǎn)ncestor n．　　　　　　 祖先；祖宗
2．feast n. 節(jié)日；盛宴
3．bone n. 骨；骨頭
4．carnival n．[縱聯(lián)1] 狂歡節(jié)；(四旬齋前的)飲宴狂歡；嘉年華(會)
5．parade n. 游行；閱兵；檢閱
6．worldwide adj. 遍及全世界的；世界性的
7．parking n. (汽車等)停放
8．wipe vt. 擦；揩；擦去
9．weep vi.
n．[縱聯(lián)2]
10．beauty n. 美；美人；美好的東西
11．herd n. 牧群；獸群
12．harvest n．&vt.&vi. 收獲；收割
13．blossom n. 花
vi. 開花
14．drown vt.&vi. 淹沒；溺死；淹死
Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形
1．belief n. 信任；信心；信仰
2．gather vt.&vi. 搜集；集合；聚集
3．a(chǎn)ward n. 獎；獎品
vt. 授予；判定
4．custom n．[縱聯(lián)3] 習慣；風俗
5．obvious adj. 明顯的；顯而易見的
6．gain vt. 獲得；得到
7．forgive vt. 原諒；饒恕
8．trick n.
vt.[縱聯(lián)4]
9．fool n. 愚人；白癡；受騙者
vt. 愚弄；欺騙
vi. 干傻事；開玩笑
adj. 傻的
10．remind vt. 提醒；使想起
Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變
1．religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔誠的→religion n．宗教；宗教信仰
2．a(chǎn)rrival n．到來；到達；到達者→arrive vi.到達
3．independence n．獨立；自主→independent adj.獨立的；自主的
4．permission n．許可；允許→permit vt.允許n.通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照
5．a(chǎn)pologize vi.道歉；辯白→apology n．道歉；歉意
6．origin n．起源；由來；起因→original adj.原來的
7．starve vi.&vt.(使)餓死；餓得要死→starvation n．饑餓；餓死
8．celebration n．慶祝；祝賀→celebrate v．慶祝；祝賀
9．energetic adj.充滿活力的；精力充沛的；積極的→energy n．能量；精力
10．sadness n．悲哀；悲傷→sad adj.悲傷的→sadly adv.傷心地；悲傷地[縱聯(lián)5]
11．a(chǎn)griculture n．農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝；農(nóng)學→agricultural adj.農(nóng)業(yè)的；農(nóng)藝的
12．a(chǎn)dmire vt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕→admiration n．敬佩；欽佩；羨慕

縱聯(lián)1.西方節(jié)日知多少？
①carnival　　　　　　　　　 狂歡節(jié)
②Easter (耶穌)復活節(jié)
③Halloween 萬圣節(jié)前夕
④April Fool’s Day 愚人節(jié)
⑤Thanksgiving Day 感恩節(jié)
⑥Christmas Day 圣誕節(jié)
⑦Valentine’s Day 情人節(jié)
縱聯(lián)2.原型動詞-eep變?yōu)?ept的不規(guī)則動詞
①weep→wept→wept ②keep→kept→kept
③sleep→slept→slept ④sweep→swept→swept
縱聯(lián)3.單復數(shù)意義不同的名詞小結(jié)
①custom (風俗)→customs (海關)
②manner (方式)→manners (禮貌)
③paper (紙)→papers (文件)
④art (藝術)→arts (文科)
⑤arm (手臂)→arms (武器)
⑥work (工作)→works (作品)
縱聯(lián)4.名詞兼作動詞
①trick n．詭計；惡作?。桓[門→vt.欺騙；詐騙
②fool n．愚人；白癡；受騙者→vt.愚弄；欺騙
③nurse n．護士→vt.護理；照顧
④head n．頭→vi.前往
⑤back n．后背→vt.支持
⑥award n．獎；獎品→vt.授予；判定
縱聯(lián)5.“悲喜”交加
①sadness悲哀；悲傷 ②sorrow悲傷；悲痛
③shock震驚；驚愕 ④depression沮喪；抑郁
⑤happiness高興 ⑥pleasure愉快
⑦satisfaction滿意；滿足 ⑧delight快樂；樂事

單元話題——節(jié)假日活動
子話題1　中國節(jié)日
①the Spring Festival 春節(jié)
②the Dragon Boat Festival 端午節(jié)
③the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋節(jié)
④Double Ninth Festival 重陽節(jié)
⑤National Day 國慶節(jié)
⑥Teachers’ Day 教師節(jié)
子話題2　節(jié)假日相關活動
①ceremony n. 典禮；儀式
②package n. 包；包裹
③decorate vt. 裝飾；布置
④celebrate an anniversary 慶祝周年紀念日
⑤exchange gifts 交換禮物
⑥family reunion 家人團圓
⑦attend a ceremony 出席儀式
⑧on special occasions 在特殊場合
子話題3　節(jié)假日用品
①decoration n．裝飾品 ②balloon n．氣球
③firework n．焰火；(pl.)煙火 ④candle n．蠟燭
⑤paper-cutting n．剪紙 ⑥dragon boat龍舟
[學考對接·活學活用]
高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應用
1．(2017·天津高考閱讀B)Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: __?__ (remind) us that we all appreciate? beauty?， that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.
①用remind的適當形式填空：to_remind
②寫出appreciate在本單元中的同義詞：admire
③寫出加黑詞在句中的含義：美好的東西
2．(2014·湖北高考閱讀A)I believe? that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didn’t let? him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked ... He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher __?__ (apologize)．
①寫出believe在本單元的同根名詞：belief
②寫出加彩詞在本單元的同義詞：permit，其同根名詞為：permission
③用apologize的適當形式填空：to_apologize
高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應用
(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)
1．(2018·浙江高考寫作)通過那次志愿活動，我不僅開闊了視野，而且獲得了一些寶貴的經(jīng)驗。(gain)
From_that_voluntary_activity,_not_only_did_I_broaden_my_horizons_but_also_gained_some_valuable_experience.
2．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)我堅信我的建議對你會有很大的幫助。盼望著早日收到你的來信。(belief)
I_hold_the_firm_belief_that_my_suggestions_will_be_of_great_help_to_you.I’m_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you_as_soon_as_possible.
(二)課堂重點釋疑
1．gain vt.獲得；得到n.獲利；利益
[記牢]
(1)gain weight　　　　　　　　增加體重
gain sth. by/from ... 從……中獲益
gain other’s respect/trust 獲得別人的尊敬/信任
(2)No pains, no gains. 不勞無獲。
[練通]　單句語法填空
①To_gain_(gain) a deeper understanding of politics for his writing, he took a one-year job in the city government.
②She hopes to gain experience by/from working abroad for a year.
③Just as the old saying goes, “No pains, no gains (gain)．”
[用準]　在名言“不勞無獲”中“pain, gain”常用復數(shù)形式。
[寫美]　翻譯句子
④如果我們到國外旅行，我們可以拓寬視野，獲得從書本上得不到的知識。
If_we_go_on_a_trip_abroad,_we_can_broaden_our_view_and_gain_knowledge_we_cannot_get_from_books.
2．a(chǎn)dmire vt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕；欣賞；觀賞
[記牢]
(1)admire sb. for (doing) sth.　 因(做)某事而欽佩某人
(2)admiration n. 欽佩；羨慕；敬佩
with/in admiration 欽佩地
express/have admiration for sb./sth.
表達對某人/物的羨慕/欽佩
[練通]
單句語法填空
①We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to the country.
②I’d like to express my admiration (admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.
③Molly is_admired (admire) for her charming personality and remarkable ability.
補全句子
④I admire_the_fact_that he made such great progress in a short time.
我很欽佩他在很短的時間內(nèi)就取得如此大的進步。
[用準]　(1)admire后不接雙賓語或直接接that引導的賓語從句，但可接疑問詞引導的從句。
(2)admire后不接帶不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，即不用admire sb. to do sth.，可用admire sb./sb.’s doing sth.。
[寫美]　翻譯句子
⑤(2016·北京高考書面表達)說到中國著名的歷史人物，我非常欽佩張騫。
When_it_comes_to_famous_figures_in_Chinese_history,_I_admire_Zhang_Qian_very_much.
3．a(chǎn)pologize vi.道歉；辯白
[記牢]
(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.
　　　　　　　　　　　　 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉；辯白
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse one’s apology 接受/拒絕某人的道歉
owe sb. an apology 應向某人道歉
[練通]
單句語法填空
①(2017·天津高考)Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake.
②The headmaster demanded that you should apologize to her for your rudeness immediately.
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.
→The teacher made a suggestion that she should make_an_apology to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.
[用準]　牢記apologize為不及物動詞，為某事向某人道歉應用apologize/make an apology to sb. for sth.，不要忘記to。
[寫美]　翻譯句子
④(2016·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)我應為星期五下午不能和你一起去書店向你道歉。
I_owe_you_an_apology_for_the_fact_that_I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you_on_Friday_afternoon.
4．remind vt.提醒；使想起
[記牢]
(1)remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth.　　　　　 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……
(2)reminder n. 提醒人的事物；提醒
[練通]　單句語法填空
①Please remind me to_write (write) an email to my mother tomorrow, for it’s her birthday.
②Passengers are_reminded (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.
③This photo album serves as a reminder (remind) of the most important moments of my life.
[寫美]　補全句子
④老師的話讓我想起了“有志者，事竟成”這句著名的諺語。
What the teacher had said reminded_me_of_the_famous_saying,_“Where there is a will, there is a way.”
[聯(lián)想]　常見的“v.＋sb.＋of sth.”短語還有：
①cure sb. of sth.　　　　 治好某人的病
②accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事
③rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人某物
④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
⑤convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
5．forgive vt.原諒；饒??；寬??；免除(債務)
[記牢]
forgive me　　　　　　　　　 原諒我
forgive sb. sth. 原諒某人某事
forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原諒某人(做了)某事
forgive one’s doing sth. 原諒某人做了某事
forgive and forget 不計前嫌
[練通]
單句語法填空
①Forgive others and you will be_forgiven (forgive)．
②Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don’t agree with that.
熟詞生義　寫出加彩單詞在語境中的含義
③Believe it or not, I’ll forgive you the debt.免除
[用準]　牢記forgive 的過去式和過去分詞分別為：forgave; forgiven。
[寫美]　補全句子
④眾所周知，不計前嫌是一種美德，尤其是在這樣一個充滿競爭和壓力的社會中。
As is known to us, it’s a virtue to_forgive_and_forget,_especially in such a competitive and stressful society.
[聯(lián)想]　表示“原諒某人(做)某事”的短語還有pardon/excuse sb. for (doing) sth.等。
[詞匯過關綜合訓練]　
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．Tom gained (獲得) friendship and experience from the local residents, working with them for three years.
2．He was awarded (授予) the first prize in the speech competition, which made his parents very proud.
3．My father has much belief (信任) in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
4．He insisted that I made him heartbroken and that I should make a sincere apology (道歉) to him.
5．Everyone mustn’t take any photographs in the old temple without_permission (允許)．
6．It was obvious (顯而易見的) that the scene of the accident had been destroyed when the police arrived.
7．As we all know, it is difficult to get used to another country’s customs (風俗)．
8．The people_gathered (聚集) round, curious to know what was happening.
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．Our class is planning to cycle the West Lake to watch the dragon boat race on May 30, when the Dragon Boat Festival is_celebrated (celebrate) nationwide.
2．In addition, the more you work out, the more energetic (energy) you will become.
3．Not having received the invitation to the party, little Tom wept (weep) yesterday.
4．Now that you have begun to work, you should learn to be independent (independence) from your parents.
5．He hurt me deeply and begged me to forgive him for his actions.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補全句子/一句多譯
1．同桌非常羨慕我流利的英語，我經(jīng)常被他的贊美所鼓舞。(admire)
My deskmate admires_my_fluent_English_very_much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
2．沒有人喜歡和他交朋友，因為他喜歡捉弄別人。(trick)
No one likes to make friends with him, because he likes_playing_a_trick_on_others.
3．做完所有的工作后，我們豎起了布告牌提醒人們保護這些樹木。(remind)
①After getting all the work done, we put up a board reminding_people_to_protect_the_trees.(分詞作定語)
②After getting all the work done, we put up a board which/that_reminds_people_to_protect_the_trees.(定語從句)
Ⅳ.語境辨義
根據(jù)語境選出trick的詞性和詞義
(A)n.技巧；技藝　　　(B)vt.欺騙　　　(C)n.惡作劇
1．He tricked me into lending him 10,000 yuan.__B__
2．He used the old trick of attacking in order to defend himself.__A__
3．The children loved playing tricks on their teacher.__C__

(一)課前自主學習

1．take_place　　　　　　 　　　 發(fā)生
2．in_memory_of 　[串記1] 紀念；追念
3．dress_up 穿上盛裝；打扮；裝飾
4．play_a_trick_on [串記2] 搞惡作??；開玩笑；詐騙
5．look_forward_to 期望；期待；盼望
6．day_and_night 日夜；晝夜；整天
7．turn_up 出現(xiàn)；到場
8．keep_one’s_word [串記3] 守信用；履行諾言
9．hold_one’s_breath 屏息；屏氣
10．have_fun_with 玩得開心
11．set_off 出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；引起
12．remind_..._of_... 使……想起……
13．a(chǎn)s_though 好像
[同根短語串記]
串記1.“in＋n.＋of”短語小結(jié)
①in memory of　　 　 　　 紀念；追念
②in favour of 贊同；支持
③in honour of 向……表示敬意；為紀念……
④in terms of 就……而言
⑤in need of 需要
串記2.“搞惡作??；開玩笑；愚弄”知多少
①play tricks/a trick on 搞惡作??；開玩笑
②play jokes/a joke on 搞惡作??；開玩笑
③make a fool of 愚弄
④make fun of 取笑；拿……開玩笑
⑤laugh at 取笑；嘲笑
串記3.word相關短語全接觸
①keep one’s word 履行諾言
②break one’s word 違背諾言
③in other words 換句話說
④in a/one word 總之
⑤have a word with sb. 與某人交談
⑥have words with sb. 和某人吵架

1．do harm to sb.　　 　 　 　　 給某人帶來危害
2．in the shape of 呈現(xiàn)某種形狀；以某種形式
3．decorate ...with ... 用……裝飾……
4．get together 聚會；聚集
5．lucky money in red paper 紅紙包著的壓歲錢
6．drown one’s sadness in coffee 用咖啡來解愁
7．fall in love (with sb.) 與(某人)相愛；愛上(某人)

1．At that time people would starve if food was_difficult_to_find,_especially during the cold winter months.
在那個時代，如果食物難以找到，特別是在寒冷的冬月，人們就會挨餓。
2．Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either_to_help_or to do harm.
有些節(jié)日，是為了紀念死者，或者使祖先得到滿足，因為祖先們有可能回到世上(給人們)提供幫助，也有可能帶來危害。
3．It_was_obvious_that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ...
很明顯，咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開……
4．While_she_was_on_earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
當她在人間時遇到了牛郎，然后兩人相愛了。
[學考對接·活學活用]
高考采擷(一)　完形中的短語和句式(補全句子)
1．(2017·江蘇高考完形填空)In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, turning_up (出現(xiàn)) at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there.
2．(2018·江蘇高考完形填空)It had also given me a choice, either to leave that page blank or to keep writing (或者留著那頁空白或者繼續(xù)寫) the story with hope.

高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語和句式(翻譯句子)
1．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)總之，在中國你要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。我的確希望你在朋友家玩得很開心。(have great fun)
In_brief,_do_as_the_Chinese_do_when_in_China._I_do_hope_you_will_have_great_fun_at_your_friend’s_home.
2．(2017·北京高考書面表達)顯而易見，“長江之行”將是更好的選擇。(it作形式主語)
It_is_obvious_that_the_trip_along_the_Yangtze_River_will_be_a_better_choice.
(二)課堂重點釋疑
[短語集釋]
1．look forward to期望；期待；盼望
[記牢]
look around　　　　　　　 環(huán)視；參觀
look down on/upon 輕視；瞧不起
look back (on) 回憶；回顧
look into 調(diào)查；向……里看
look out for 注意察看；留心
look through 仔細瀏覽；查閱
look up 查閱；抬頭看
look up to 尊敬；欽佩
look forward 向前看
[練通]　用look的相關短語填空
①The kid is looking_forward_to being taken to the zoo this weekend.
②As I saw the old photo, I always looked_back_on the scene where we had met.
③Now, I want to answer your questions, but remember to look_out_for the red light.
④He stood up and looked_forward to see what was going on outside.
⑤It is wrong of you to look_down_on/upon the disabled in need.
[用準]　在look forward to中，to為介詞，其后要接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。look forward意為“向前看”，其后所接動詞不定式表示目的。
[寫美]　補全句子
⑥(2017·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)如果你有任何問題，請不要猶豫，讓我知道。期待你的早日答復。
Should you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to let me know. Looking forward to your early reply.
2．turn up出現(xiàn)；到場；被找到；開大(音量)；調(diào)高(溫度)；向上翻
[辨清]　寫出下列句中turn up的含義
①Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.被找到
②I feel cold and I’d like to turn the heat up a little.調(diào)高
③As the weather was too cold in the street, he turned up the collar of his coat.向上翻
[記牢]
turn down　　　　　　　 拒絕；關??；調(diào)低
turn in 上交；拐入
turn out 結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)；制造
turn over 翻身；移交；轉(zhuǎn)變
turn off 關掉
turn to 求助于；轉(zhuǎn)向
[練通]　用turn的相關短語填空
④(2017·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)Some famous Chinese artists will turn_up and perform at the exhibition.
⑤The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned_down.
⑥The moment the bell rang, all the students turned_in their papers immediately.
[寫美]　翻譯句子
⑦我經(jīng)常向同學或老師求助。結(jié)果我在學習上取得很大進步。
I_often_turn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers_for_help.As_a_result,_I_have_made_great_progress_in_my_studies.
3．set off出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；引起
[記牢]
set aside　　　　　　 留出；忽視；不顧
set about 著手/開始做……
set out 出發(fā)；開始做……
set down 寫下；記下
set up 建立；安排；搭起
[練通]
用set相關短語填空
①A great many boys were setting_off fireworks in the street during the Spring Festival.
②For all three years I have been working for others, so I’m hoping I’ll set_up my own business someday.
③Set_aside some time each day to practice speaking English, even if it is only five minutes.
一句多譯
他著手粉刷整間房子，但僅僅完成了前面部分。
④He set_out_to_paint the whole house but finished only the front.(set out)
⑤He set_about_painting the whole house but finished only the front.(set about)
[用準]　set about表示“開始做……”，后接名詞或動名詞；set out表示“開始做……”，后接動詞不定式。
[寫美]　補全句子
⑥(2015·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)我們將在周六上午8：00出發(fā)去敬老院陪老人們過重陽節(jié)。
We will set_off_for_the_nursing_home at 8：00 am on Saturday to accompany the elderly for the Double Ninth Festival.
[句式集釋]
1．It＋be＋adj.＋that ..., it為形式主語
[教材原句]　It_was_obvious_that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ...
[悟拓展例句]
(1)It_is_obvious_that without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today.
很明顯，如果沒有全社會的幫助就不會有今天的新學校。
(2)It’s_a_pity_that you’ve missed such a good chance.
你錯過了這樣一個好機會，真是遺憾。
(3)It_is_generally_believed_that communication skills are becoming what it takes to be a good doctor.
人們普遍認為溝通技巧正在成為作為一名好醫(yī)生必備的技能。
[析用法規(guī)則]
用法歸納
(1)It＋be＋形容詞(possible, obvious, important ...)＋that從句
(2)It＋be＋名詞短語(a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour, an idea, no wonder ...)＋that從句
(3)It＋be＋過去分詞(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported ...)＋that從句
注意事項
(1)在句型“It is/was strange/important/necessary/essential ...＋that從句”中，從句常用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞為“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。
(2)it作形式主語引導主語從句時容易和what引導的主語從句、which引導的定語從句混淆，使用時要細心體會三種句式的差別。


[背寫作佳句]
(1)(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)I’m very delighted to know that you’re going to visit a Chinese family.It’s necessary that you (should) know about table manners of China.(開頭句)
(2)(2017·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)It is true that this is a good chance for you to have a good knowledge of traditional Chinese culture.(要點句)
(3)(2015·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)It is important that you (should) hand in your article before 28th, June.(總結(jié)句)
2．while引導時間狀語從句
[教材原句]　While_she_was_on_earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)While_I_was_looking_through the news online, up came a video of a lovely bear.
當我在網(wǎng)上瀏覽新聞時，一個可愛小熊的視頻出現(xiàn)了。
(2)I like English while_my_little_brother_is_fond_of_maths.
我喜歡英語然而我弟弟喜歡數(shù)學。
(3)While_traveling_can_broaden_your_mind,_I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
盡管旅游能夠增長見識，但是我認為在這方面花費太多的時間和金錢不是一個好主意。
[析用法規(guī)則]
用法歸納
(1)while意為“當……的時候”，引導時間狀語從句。
(2)while意為“然而；可是”，用作并列連詞，表示前后分句的對比。
(3)while意為“雖然；盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句(從句常置于句首)表示轉(zhuǎn)折。
注意事項
while意為“雖然，盡管”時，與although, though 用法相同，不與but連用。

[背寫作佳句]
(1)(2017·天津高考書面表達)While it has been more than a year since you taught us English, I’ve missed you a lot, thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you.(要點句)
(2)(2017·北京高考書面表達)While the students and teachers were watching the video, they were greatly touched.(要點句)
[詞塊、句式過關綜合訓練]　
Ⅰ.選詞填空
keep one’s word， dress up， in memory of， play a trick on， set off， take place， turn up， day and night
1．It is universally known that playing_a_trick_on the disabled is an impolite behavior.
2．The evening party is scheduled to take_place on New Year’s Eve.
3．In order to get ready for the examination, the students are studying day_and_night.
4．If you want to make friends with others, you must keep_your_word.
5．At the play, Mr. Green dressed_up as a policeman with dark glasses.
6．We will build a monument in_memory_of those who sacrificed their lives for our country.
7．Miss Yang promised to attend my birthday party, but she hasn’t turned_up so far.
8．After saying goodbye to our friends, we set_off for European countries to spend our holiday.
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks. It is not surprising that losing weight is just his dream.
2．She couldn’t make herself heard (hear) because of the traffic noise.
3．Great changes have_taken (take) place in the school over the past three years, which deeply impresses me.
4．The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
5．For most students, the book is easy to_read (read)．
6．When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.
Ⅲ.應用文分步寫作
假定你是李華，中秋節(jié)來臨之際，你代表你們班向你校外教James發(fā)出邀請，請他參加你們班組織的中秋節(jié)晚會，內(nèi)容應包括如下要點：
1．時間和地點；
2．活動(晚宴、賞月等)；
3．其他……
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；
2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
第一步：準確審題，理行文脈絡，擬寫作要點
本寫作屬于邀請信，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時，人稱為第一人稱。文章可從三個方面來構(gòu)思：開頭點明寫信目的——舉辦慶祝會(時間和地點)，邀請外教參加；主體部分給出的要點比較寬泛，應細化處理。介紹活動時根據(jù)要點提示可介紹晚會安排各種各樣的活動、一起吃晚宴和一起賞月；最后表達希望，希望對方能夠參加。
要點1－①：我們班將于本周五晚8：00在演講大廳舉辦慶祝會。
Our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00 pm this Friday.
要點1－②：我寫信邀請您參加慶祝晚會。
I'm_writing_to_invite_you_to_attend_our_celebrating_party.
要點2－①：為這次晚會我們安排了各種各樣的活動。
For_the_party_we_have_arranged_all_kinds_of_activities.
要點2－②：我們將一起吃晚宴。
We_will_have_a_dinner_together.
要點2－③：我們將聚集在一起，欣賞美麗的滿月。
We_will_get_together,_admiring_the_beautiful_full_moon.
要點3：我期望您來參加！
I'm_looking_forward_to_your_coming!
第二步：添加細節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達更亮眼
為了使內(nèi)容更充實，我們需要對要點進行適度拓展，讓要點在內(nèi)容上和形式上更豐滿。要點1－①可增加as引導的定語從句“隨著中秋節(jié)臨近”；要點1－②可以增加“非常榮幸代表我們班”。
拓展要點1－①：隨著中秋節(jié)臨近，我們班將于本周五晚8：00在演講大廳舉辦慶祝會。(as)
As_the_Mid-Autumn_Festival_is_approaching,_our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00_pm_this_Friday.
拓展要點1－②：非常榮幸代表我們班寫信邀請您參加它。(on behalf of)
It's_a_great_honour_to_write_to_invite_you_to_attend_it_on_behalf_of_our_class.
第三步：連句成文，排語句順序，重銜接過渡
本篇寫作整體可采用“三段式”作文結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)語篇表達中的邏輯關系，可在介紹活動安排時添加連接詞 at the beginning， what's more巧妙地將要點銜接起來，讓文章顯得順暢自然。
Dear_Professor_James，
As_the_Mid-Autumn_Festival_is_approaching,_our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00 pm this Friday. It's a great honour to write to invite you to attend it on behalf of our class.
For_the_party_we_have_arranged_all_kinds_of_activities.At_the_beginning,_we_will_have_a_dinner_together._What's_more,_we_will_get_together,_admiring_the_beautiful_full_moon.
I'm_looking_forward_to_your_coming!
Yours，
Li_Hua

理清文體結(jié)構(gòu)之(十一)　說明文之事物類——抓說明對象，根據(jù)事物特點巧解題
事物類說明文一般在首段給出說明對象，然后從幾個方面對事物進行客觀說明。因此，該類文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)一般較為簡單，閱讀時不要拘泥于細枝末節(jié)，瀏覽完全文后，帶著題干中的關鍵詞，再次跳讀原文查找答案出處，認真比對，從而得出正確答案。
[抓事物特點]
[高考典例]　2018·天津卷·C篇
[讀文解題技法]
點明
說明
對象
特點1
特點2
關鍵詞
特點3
特點4
[1]There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.
Food production
[2]With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that — it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same，” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.
Sustainability (可持續(xù)性)
[3]The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解膠體) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻類) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹飪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
[4]Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
[5]Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste (糊狀物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
1.讀首段抓說明對象
本文在首段首句介紹了3D打印技術的新領域——打印食物。
2.覽標題，看行文結(jié)構(gòu)
本文從Food production, Sustainability, Nutrition, Challenges 四個方面介紹了3D打印食物的優(yōu)缺點。
3.標題眼，找特點，比對定答案
標出題干中的關鍵詞，再次跳讀原文，查找事物特點，認真比對，得出答案。

[由題眼找特點，比對定答案]
46．What benefit does 3D printing bring to ？
A．It helps cooks to create new dishes.
B．It saves time and effort in cooking.
C．It improves the cooking conditions.
D．It contributes to restaurant decorations.
47．What can we learn about 3D food printing from ？
A．It solves food shortages easily.
B．It quickens the transportation of food.
C．It needs no space for the storage of food.
D．It uses renewable materials as sources of food.
48．According to ， 3D-printed food________.
A．is more available to consumers
B．can meet individual nutritional needs
C．is more tasty than food in supermarkets
D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
[答案]　46.B　47.D　48.B
46．根據(jù)題干中的關鍵詞語food production可定位到“特點1”，認真比對，可得出答案。
47．第三段的標題(特點2)“可持續(xù)性”暗含了3D打印機的材料應是可再生的，再據(jù)關鍵詞“renewables”便可確定答案。
48．根據(jù)第四段中的“特點3”可推知答案。


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