一、語基必備知識
(一)重點詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．straightforward adj.　　 簡單的；直接的；坦率的
2．moral adj. 道德(上)的；倫理的
3．a(chǎn)rbitrary adj. 任意的
4．fate n. 命運；天命
5．initial adj. 最初的；開始的
6．compulsory adj. 必須做的；義務(wù)的；強迫的；
強制的
7．opera n. 歌??；歌劇團；歌劇院
8．loaf n. 一條(面包)
9．flour n. 面粉
10．claw n. 爪；腳爪
11．turkey n. 火雞
12．feather n. 羽毛
13．identical adj. 同一的；一模一樣的
14．commercial adj. 商業(yè)的；貿(mào)易的
15．complicated adj. 復(fù)雜的；難懂的
16．procedure n. 程序；步驟；手續(xù)
17．a(chǎn)dore vt. 崇拜；愛慕；喜愛
18．hatch vt.& vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．undertake vt. 著手；從事；承擔(dān)
2．breakthrough n. 突破
3．cast vt. 扔；投；擲
4．unable adj. 不能的；不會的
5．obtain vt. 獲得；贏得
6．a(chǎn)ttain vt. 獲得；到達(水平、年齡、狀況等)
7．forbid vt. 禁止；不準(zhǔn)
8．drawback n. 缺點；不利條件
9．owe vt. 欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸功于……
10．shortly adv. 立刻；不久
11．bother vt.& vi.& n. 打擾；操心；煩擾
12．regulation n. 規(guī)則；規(guī)章；法規(guī)
13．strike vt.& vi.& n. 打；撞擊；罷工
14．impact n. 撞擊；沖擊；巨大的影響
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．a(chǎn)ccumulate vt.& vi.積累；聚積→accumulation n．積累
2．differ vi.不同；相異→different adj.不同的；與眾不同的→difference n．差異；不同
3．reason n．理由，道理→reasonable adj.合情理的
4．mere adj.僅僅的→merely__adv.僅；只；不過
5．decorate v．裝飾；布置→decoration n．裝飾
6．retire vi.退休；離開→retirement n．退休；引退
7．a(chǎn)ssume vt.假定；設(shè)想→assumption n．假定；設(shè)想
8．popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受歡迎的→popularity n．受人喜愛；流行
9．object vi.反對；不贊成→objection n．不贊成；反對；異議
10．correct vt.改正；糾正→correction n．改正；糾正
11．resist vt.抵抗；對抗→resistant adj.抵抗的，反抗的→resistance n．抵抗
12．exact adj.精確的；準(zhǔn)確的→exactly adv.精確地

1.積少成多
①accumulate vt.& vi. 積累；聚積
②increase vt.& vi. 增長
③enlarge vt.& vi. 擴大；放大
④expand vt.& vi. 擴大；膨脹
⑤broaden vi.& vt. 擴大；變闊；
加寬
2.表示“反對；拒絕”的單詞薈萃
①against prep.　　 反對
②oppose v. 反對
③object vi. 反對
④disagree vi. 不同意
⑤reject vt. 拒絕
⑥r(nóng)efuse v. 拒絕
3.“動詞＋副詞”構(gòu)成的合成詞
①drawback n．　　 缺點
②breakdown n. 崩潰；故障
③farewell n. 告別
④feedback n. 反饋
⑤set-up n. 計劃；組織
⑥break-up n. 分手；中斷
(二)重點短語——記牢用活
1．pay__off　　　　　　　　　 得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清
2．cast__down 使失望；使沮喪
3．object__to 反對；不贊成
4．in__favour__of 贊成；支持
5．owe...to...__ 把……歸功于……
6．(be)__bound__to__(do) ...__ 一定或注定(做)……
7．strike...into__one’s__heart 使……刻骨銘心
8．from__time__to__time 不時；偶爾
9．bring__back__to__life 使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活
10．in__vain 白費力氣；枉費心機
11．in__good/poor__condition 狀況很好(壞)；
情況很好(壞)

1.“in＋名詞＋of”短語全接觸
①in favour of　　　 贊成；支持
②in search of 尋找
③in view of 鑒于；由于
④in memory of 為了紀(jì)念
⑤in honour of 為了紀(jì)念
⑥in terms of 就……而言
2.“v.＋off”短語薈萃
①pay off　 得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清
②cut off 切斷
③take off 起飛
④turn off 關(guān)閉
⑤put off 推遲
⑥give off 發(fā)出光/熱/氣體等
3.“in＋名詞”短語一覽
①in vain　　 白費力氣；枉費心機
②in relief 如釋重負(fù)地
③in short 總之；簡言之
④in trouble 陷入麻煩
⑤in need 在困難中；急需
⑥in danger 在危險中
(三)重點句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：while表示對比轉(zhuǎn)折
Cloning plants is straightforward while__cloning__animals__is__very__complicated．
克隆植物簡單，而克隆動物非常復(fù)雜。
句型2：then 位于句首時句子用全部倒裝
Then__came__the__disturbing__news__that Dolly had become seriously ill.
接著傳來了多莉病重的壞消息。
句型3：do you think作插入語
__What__do__you__think__is the writer’s point of view in this reading passage?
你認(rèn)為在這篇閱讀材料中作者的觀點是什么？
句型4：that引導(dǎo)的表語從句
The__advantage__is__that__if there is a new illness some of these animals may die ...
其優(yōu)點是如果發(fā)生某種新的疾病，這類動物中的一些可能會死掉……

二、語境強化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．With medical breakthrough(突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.
2．I think our offer is reasonable(合情理的) and realistic and you shouldn’t turn it down.
3．She is overweight, but she can’t resist(抵制；抵抗) eating more delicious food.
4．We are supposed to undertake(承擔(dān)) the responsibility to lead a low-carbon lifestyle, which is of great significance.
5．Nowadays, energy can be obtained(獲得) through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
6．(全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)I feel sorry for my being__unable(able) to go to the bookstore with you.
Ⅱ.語境品詞——寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義
1．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ閱讀C) The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive，plastic-like parts.The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 簡單的；直接的__使商業(yè)化
2．(2019·江蘇卷閱讀C) It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people’s opinions.However，they have real impacts，as they result in misguided use of scarce resources. 影響
3．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ七選五) “I adore dancing，” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.” 喜愛
4．(2017·天津卷閱讀D) I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience. 程序；步驟
Ⅲ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it, while his father objected to it. (object)
2．Don’t assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more. (assume)
3．Nowadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones, for so many interesting things in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance. (resist)
4．He retired from the post as a manager. After his retirement,__he settled down in a remote village. (retire)
5．The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge. And it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities. (accumulate)
6．From the appearance, we cannot tell the differences between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people. (differ)
Ⅳ.選詞成篇
cast sb. down; in favour of; pay off; bring sb. back to life; differ...in; be bound to
There is no doubt that people 1.differ__greatly__in cloning technique, especially in cloning human beings. Some people are 2.__in__favour__of its development, especially when their health is in poor condition. They want to 3.bring__them__back__to__life. They believe human cloning technology 4.is__bound__to__benefit the medical development and won’t 5.cast__them__down. On the contrary, others find that it can raise a storm of moral problems, thus causing damage to the social development. As far as I’m concerned, cloning will 6.pay__off__on assumption that all people obey rules and promise to use it properly.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．然后傳來了令人興奮的消息，我們隊贏得了比賽。
Then__came__the__exciting__news__that our team won the game.
2．這本書中你認(rèn)為哪一部分最有趣？
Which__part__of__this__book__do__you__think is the most interesting?
3．騎自行車上班的優(yōu)勢是我們可以過一種低碳生活。
The advantage of cycling to work is that__we__can__live__a__low-carbon__life．
4．一些人浪費食物，然而一些人死于饑餓。
Some people waste food while__others__die__of__hunger．

differ　vi.不同；相異
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①As we have communication with foreigners, we should pay more attention to the differences(differ) in our body language.
②(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達) Since I was a kid，I’ve considered different(differ) jobs I would like to do.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③我堅信如果每個人都努力一點，我們將起重大作用。
I hold the firm belief that we can__make__a__big__difference if everyone makes a little effort.

(1)differ in　　　　　　　在……方面不同
differ from 與……不同
(2)difference n. 不同之處
make a difference 起作用；有影響
(3)different adj. 不同的
be different from 與……不同
[佳句背誦] The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in character.
這對孿生兄弟外貌很相像，但性格相差很大。
undertake　vt.著手；從事；承擔(dān)；承諾；保證
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The project undertaken(undertake) by the young engineer turned out to be very successful.
②Whether or not the construction of the bridge will__be__undertaken(undertake) by our company remains to be seen.
[能力提升]——微寫作
③(2017·北京卷書面表達)收集了所有的材料，那些在計算機方面有天賦的人承擔(dān)了制作視頻的任務(wù)。
With all the materials collected, those who are talented in computers undertook__the__task__of__making the video.

undertake a task　　　 承擔(dān)任務(wù)
undertake to do sth. 同意、答應(yīng)或著手做某事
undertake that-clause 保證……　
[佳句背誦] Mr. Collins undertook to look after the children while his wife could go to the fit club with two of her friends.　柯林斯先生答應(yīng)照顧孩子們，而他的妻子可以和她的兩個朋友去健身俱樂部。
[名師點津] undertake過去式、過去分詞分別為：undertook；undertaken。
object　vi.反對；不贊成 　n．物體；目標(biāo)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①He has a strong objection to smoking(smoke) in public places, especially with females present.
②(2018·江蘇卷書面表達)It is necessary to stop following ratings blindly and we should hold an objective(object) attitude towards it.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
就我個人而言，我反對他在會議上提出的建議。
③As far as I’m concerned, I am__opposed__to the suggestions he put forward at the meeting.
④In my view, I object__to the suggestions he put forward at the meeting.

(1)object to doing sth.　　　 反對做某事
(2)objection n. 反對；提出異議
raise an objection to (doing) sth.
對(做)某事提出
異議或反對
(3)objective adj. 客觀的；真實的
[佳句背誦] As far as I’m concerned，I object to charging for parking.
就我個人而言，我反對停車收費。
forbid　vt. (forbade, forbad; forbidden)禁止；不準(zhǔn)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①I will forbid you to__leave(leave) unless you apologize for what you have done.
②As far as I can remember, this place used to forbid parking(park) cars and bikes.
③It is high time that we forbad(e)(forbid) setting off fireworks in urban areas.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我認(rèn)為禁止商店和超市提供免費的塑料購物袋是必要的。
I think it necessary to forbid__shops__and__supermarkets__from__offering free plastic shopping bags.

forbid sb.sth.　　　　　　　 禁止某人某事
forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
禁止某人做某事　
[佳句背誦] Forbidden from going out, we had to stay at home aimlessly.
由于不準(zhǔn)外出，我們只好在家里漫無目的地待著。
[名師點津] 與forbid用法類似的單詞還有allow, permit, advise等。
strike　vt.& vi. (struck；struck)打；撞擊；罷工；襲擊；(鐘)報時；劃(火柴)；使忽然想起　n．罷工
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中strike的詞性及含義
①A big earthquake struck the city last year, killing dozens of people.vt.襲擊
②It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.
vt.忽然想起
③It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.n.罷工
④I got up early this morning before the clock struck five.
vt.(鐘)報時
[能力提升]——微寫作
⑤(2018·天津卷書面表達)在機器人比賽中被你的才華所打動，我想邀請你加入我們。
Struck__by__your__talent__in the robotic competition, I’d like to invite you to join us. (分詞短語作狀語)

(1)be struck with/by　　　 為……所襲擊(感動)
It strikes sb. that... 某人突然想到……
(2)strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨銘心
(3)be on strike 在罷工
go on strike 舉行罷工
[佳句背誦] Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one I’d strike into my heart forever.
這么多年以后遇到我親愛的老師和同學(xué)真是一個溫暖的時刻，這一刻讓我刻骨銘心。
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]“某人突然想到”薈萃：
①It__strikes__sb.__that...；
②It__hits__sb.__that...；
③It__occurs__to__sb.__that...．
pay off　得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用pay的相關(guān)短語填空
①(2017·天津卷)Will you please pay__a__visit__to Tianjin again so that we may meet again?
②I’d also like to know how much I have to pay__for__the course and whether accommodation is included.
③As for speaking Mandarin, it’s better to pay__attention__to__the pronunciation.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④正如諺語所說，“有志者事竟成?！蔽覀兊呐υ缤頃玫交貓蟆?br /> As a proverb goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”O(jiān)ur__efforts__will__pay__off__sooner__or__later.

pay back　　　　 償還(欠款)；報復(fù)；回報
pay for sth. 付某物的錢；為某事/物
付出代價
pay sb.for sth. 因某事/物給某人報酬
pay a visit to 參觀；拜訪
pay attention to 注意；留心
[佳句背誦] What made him happy was that after all these years he at last paid off all his debts.
使他高興的是幾年之后他終于還清了所有的債務(wù)。
in good/poor condition　狀況很好(壞)；情況很好(壞)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.
②They also say that once moved，animals will have more space and better living conditions(condition) in the suburbs.
[能力提升]——微寫作
③(2018·江蘇卷書面表達)只要我們恰當(dāng)使用這些排名，它們在很多方面對我們是有利的。
On__condition__that__we__use__these ratings properly, they will benefit us in many ways.

out of condition　　　 健康狀況欠佳
on this condition 在此條件下
on no condition 一點也不；決不(放在句首
時，主句用部分倒裝)
on condition that... 只要；如果
[佳句背誦] My grandmother takes exercise every day, and she is in good condition now.
我奶奶每天都鍛煉身體，她現(xiàn)在身體狀況很好。

that引導(dǎo)表語從句
(教材P15)The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.
其優(yōu)點是如果發(fā)生某種新的疾病，這類動物中的一些可能會死掉，但是另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The drawback of the popularity of cars is that it brings about so much air pollution.
②The advantage of smiling is that it can not only make us happy, but also please others.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③The__chance__is__that(有可能)one smoker in four will die of lung cancer.
④The__drawback/disadvantage__of__this__solution__is__that(這個方案的不足是) many people wouldn’t feel so convenient as they used to.

The advantage/strength of...is that...
……的優(yōu)勢是……
The disadvantage/drawback of...is that...
　 　 ……的不足是……；……的缺點是……
The problem of...is that... ……的問題是……
The chance is that... 有可能……　
[佳句背誦] The advantage of using your university accommodation is that you can get support if you have a problem.
在你所就讀的大學(xué)里住宿的優(yōu)勢在于，如果你有問題你可以得到幫助。


Ⅰ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)
1．We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration(decorate) of the house was finished.
2．The new clothes in the shop are so beautiful that Anna can’t resist taking(take) a closer look at them.
3．With the college entrance examination approaching, I am__forbidden(forbid) to take part in after-school activities.
4．When climbing Mount Huang, all the tourists were struck(strike) by its beauty.
5．Having__retired(retire) from business, he now occupies himself with his garden.
6．The information obtained(obtain) from the Internet is not always true, so we should be careful to check the facts we find on websites.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
1．I like fishing. One of the advantages is that I can take in fresh air in the open air.
2．I owe it to you that I have gained a number of skills and knowledge which I think will help me in the future.
3．There are serious objections to killing(kill) dogs for food, because they are friends to human.
4．So I have no choice but to__bother(bother) you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.
5．The good news that we have made a breakthrough in space exploration cheers us up.
6．There is no doubt that cellphones have a negative impact on our lives.
Ⅲ.易錯誤用(改正下列句子中的錯誤)
1．It suddenly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.刪除第一個to
2．No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.exact→exactly
3．Sometimes, some students object the idea that English classes are taught in English.在object后加to
4．Owe to the recent bad weather，the project is several weeks behind schedule.Owe→Owing
5．There is some doubt whether the young man can undertake of such an important task.刪除of
6．The news which our team won the match was encouraging.which→that
Ⅳ.熟詞生義(根據(jù)具體語境寫出加黑詞的詞性及含義)
1．Many of his friends backed his plan, which made him very surprised. vt.支持
2．(江蘇卷完形)I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel’s books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on.__vt.吸引
3．Music talents from many different countries were cast to play in the film. vt.挑選
4．(2017·天津卷完形)This combination of healing myself and healing the world struck me as the perfect solution. vt.突然想起

提能一　語段填空(在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 )
Robert, 1.differing(differ) from most of the elderly, doesn’t enjoy his old age in peace after retiring 2.from work. Instead, he felt his health was 3.in good condition and now he 4.is__undertaking(undertake) the duty of helping maintain the order of his community. Accidents used to occur here frequently, which made people feel cast 5.down. Several kids 6.were__struck(strike) by private cars and this situation 7.bothered (bother) most of the residents. Robert couldn’t resist 8.joining(join) in his community volunteer service. They took steps 9.to__forbid(forbid) drunken drivers from driving in and out. Their efforts finally paid 10.off．Since then, no accident has ever happened again，11.owing (owe) to efforts of volunteers like Robert and he 12.has__obtained(obtain) the respect of all community residents.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
最近你班就是否發(fā)展克隆技術(shù)進行了討論。請按以下寫作要點寫一篇短文。要點如下：①支持：克隆技術(shù)有益人類；②反對：引起倫理問題；③你的觀點。
1．補全要點句(黑體部分請用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①我們對克隆技術(shù)是否應(yīng)該被發(fā)展進行了激烈的討論。人與人觀點分歧很大。
There has been a heated discussion about whether cloning technique should be developed. Opinions differ__greatly__from__person__to__person．
②有些人贊同發(fā)展克隆技術(shù)，他們認(rèn)為這一定會讓人類受益。(同位語從句)
Some who are in__favour__of__its__development__hold__the__belief__that__it__will__be__bound__to__benefit__human．
③能生產(chǎn)大量的商業(yè)食品滿足人們的需求，這是克隆的好處之一。
Large quantities of commercial food can be produced to meet people’s needs, which is one__of__the__advantages__of__cloning．
④我們還可以克隆人體器官作為醫(yī)療用途。
We can also clone__human__body__organs__for__medical__use．
⑤另外一些人強烈反對，因為他們沮喪地發(fā)現(xiàn)克隆會引發(fā)一系列的道德問題。
Others__strongly__object__to__it，because they__feel__cast__down__to__find__that__it__could__raise__a__storm__of__moral__questions．
⑥我認(rèn)為，只要所有人答應(yīng)恰當(dāng)利用克隆技術(shù)，克隆會取得成功。
In my opinion, cloning__will__pay__off__as__long__as__all__undertake__to__use__it__properly．
2．升級平淡句
⑦用表語從句升級句③
One__of__the__advantages__of__cloning__is__that large quantities of commercial food can be produced to meet people’s needs.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：what’s more, on the contrary, however)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
There has been a heated discussion about whether cloning technique should be developed. Opinions differ greatly from person to person.
Some who are in favour of its development hold the belief that it will be bound to benefit human. One of the advantages of cloning is that large quantities of commercial food can be produced to meet people’s needs. What’s more, we can also clone human body organs for medical use.
One the contrary, others strongly object to it, because they feel cast down to find that it could raise a storm of moral questions.
However, in my opinion, cloning will pay off as long as all undertake to use it properly.

(建議用時：35分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·石家莊重點高中摸底)I can proudly say that last year I broke the record for the oldest person in the world to ride a roller coaster. I’m 105, but I feel younger. Even the doctor agrees I’m in good condition. I’m a bit deaf and my legs feel weak, but they are the only issue.
I rode the Twistosaurus at Flamingo Land, which spins you round quite fast. I didn’t choose to go on that. I’d have preferred a really fast one that went upside down. But I was told I couldn’t ride something like that, because it would affect my blood pressure and I might have some danger.
I wasn’t nervous—I don’t get frightened of anything. I was securely fastened, so I knew I wouldn’t fall out. The roller coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldn’t be a better experience. And I raised a lot of money for the Derbyshire, Leicestershire & Rutland Air Ambulance fund, which was fantastic.
People were saying I’d got a place in the Guinness World Records. Later, someone came to present me with the certificate. I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one I got a year earlier.
My record-breaking ways really began a couple of years ago, with the ice bucket challenge. It turned out that I was probably the oldest person in the world to do it, and the video was very popular. After that, I started to think about what else I could do to raise money for different charities.
I’m not sure if anyone admires all the fun I’m having. They just say I’m daft and that’s about it. But I’ve had many good days and many exciting times. I’ve had a really good life. I don’t think I’ve wasted any of it.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文講述了世界上玩過山車年齡最大的老人的經(jīng)歷。他已經(jīng)105歲，獲得了吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄證書；此外，他還參加過“冰桶挑戰(zhàn)”，為慈善組織募捐。他認(rèn)為自己沒有浪費人生，過得很充實。
1．Why didn’t the author choose to go on riding the Twistosaurus?
A．Because he was told not to do so.
B．Because he considered it too gentle.
C．Because he thought it spun too fast.
D．Because he was in a bad physical condition.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“I didn’t choose to go on that. I’d have preferred a really fast one that went upside down.”可知，作者沒有選擇坐Twistosaurus，是因為他想要坐真正的快速翻轉(zhuǎn)的過山車，即他認(rèn)為Twistosaurus太過平緩，故B項正確。
2．How did the author most probably react while riding the roller coaster?
A．He really enjoyed himself.
B．He was very worried at first.
C．He couldn’t think much about it.
D．He got frightened as it started moving.
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The roller coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldn’t be a better experience.”可知，乘坐過山車持續(xù)三到四分鐘，作者認(rèn)為這是一次再好不過的經(jīng)歷了。據(jù)此可推知，作者在坐過山車時很享受，故A項正確。
3．What do you know about the author from paragraph 4?
A．He was eager to get certificates.
B．He disliked showing off his success.
C．He was the oldest person in the world.
D．He set a record the year before last year.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“l(fā)ast year”和第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是尾句“I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one I got a year earlier.”可知，去年作者把這張吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄證書掛在客廳的墻上，還有一張是一年前掛的。據(jù)此可知，作者在前年也創(chuàng)造了一項紀(jì)錄。
4．Which word can best describe the author?
A．Cooperative. B．Optimistic.
C．Generous. D．Intelligent.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But I’ve had many good days and many exciting times. I’ve had a really good life. I don’t think I’ve wasted any of it.”并結(jié)合文章描述的作者105歲還創(chuàng)造吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄可知，作者認(rèn)為自己有過許多美好的日子和許多激動人心的時刻，他過得很好，沒有浪費人生；據(jù)此可推知，作者是一個樂觀的人，故B項正確。
B
(2020·昆明高三診斷)Artificial intelligence(AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like liver cancer in ways that were never before possible.
Rishi Rawat, who teaches AI at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, is part of a team of scientists researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says, “You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition is important for making decisions.”
David Agus is another researcher. He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize by itself.”
Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Nowadays, researchers take a thin piece of tissue(組織), put it on a small piece of glass and add color to see the cells better. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns or structures, and learn how the cells are organized.
The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. Agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.
The researchers of the university are now only studying liver cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本章講述了人工智能有望幫助醫(yī)生診斷和治療癌癥。
5．What can AI do with the help of the information provided by the researchers?
A．Recognize cancer patterns.
B．Treat liver cancer.
C．Collect useful information.
D．Store cancerous cells.
A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“He says, ‘You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns...making decisions.’”可知，人工智能可以根據(jù)對其輸入的數(shù)據(jù)來學(xué)習(xí)該模式，并進行癌癥模式的識別。
6．What can we learn about AI?
A．It will be able to replace doctors.
B．Patients are unlikely to be cancerous again with its help.
C．It is making a difference in taking care of patients.
D．It can recognize cancer more accurately.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Through machine learning...are organized.”可知，人工智能可以識別一些復(fù)雜的模式或結(jié)構(gòu)，同時了解細(xì)胞是如何組成的。由此可推知，人工智能可以更精確地識別癌癥。
7．What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of AI?
A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful.
C．Curious. D．Cold.
A　解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段的內(nèi)容可知，人工智能將很快能夠快速識別癌癥，并且將應(yīng)用到各種癌癥之中。由此可推知，作者對人工智能的未來持樂觀的態(tài)度。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．AI Is Used to Treat Cancer
B．AI May Compete with Doctors
C．AI May Make Doctors Better
D．AI Is Better at Curing Cancer
C　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)對文章的整體理解可知，人工智能作為一種工具可以幫助醫(yī)生更好地診斷和治療癌癥。
【難句分析】　Agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.
分析：本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。the process...in the developing world是省略了that的賓語從句；that having a large amount of information...in medicine是與其并列的賓語從句；其中，having a large amount of information是動名詞短語作主語。
譯文：Agus說，這一過程在發(fā)展中國家?guī)缀醪恍枰魏纬杀揪涂梢酝瓿?，而且擁有大量與患者有關(guān)的信息對于一臺機器有效地完成醫(yī)學(xué)工作來說非常重要。
Ⅱ.七選五
(2020·石家莊質(zhì)檢)I just counted how many foreign languages I’ve studied so far in my life and it’s been twelve!
I always follow my interests and find ways to put my language learning into things I’m already interested in. I like to read blogs(博客) in other languages. 1.________. For the most part, bloggers tend to write the same way they speak, so I don’t have to worry much about adopting strange terms that are only used in writing.
Movies are also a really good tool, especially if you can find subtitles in the language you’re learning. 2.________， they will still keep your brain listening and reading in the same language. Music is another way to start listening to things in your new language. Personally, I’m so bad at understanding lyrics(歌詞) even in English, so this one doesn’t really work for me, but I have friends who learn a language through lyrics. Games are of course also an excellent way of studying a new language. A lot of language learning computer programs include games. I’m super competitive and if I play any of them, I can be hooked for hours. 3.________．
When the initial excitement of learning a new language begins to fade, it can be hard to stick with it. The hardest bit for me is when I’m comfortable enough with a language to understand most things and make myself understood. I’m actually stuck at this stage in Norwegian. 4.________. Ideally I should sign up to take a big language exam. Each time I start getting self-satisfied, it’s time to take a new course or sign up for online lessons, or take up some sort of challenge that will require me to level up my skills.
5．________. The best language class I’ve ever taken was my beginner’s Russian course at university where my professor never used any English. It got to the point where I would kind of just forget about English while in Russian class, which helped me to really immerse myself in the Russian language and do a whole lot with the limited Russian I had.
A．That’s really uncomfortable
B．Whatever languages they’re translated into
C．I also try to think in the language I’m learning
D．It’s time well spent if I’m learning the language
E．Computer games always make me feel worn out
F．Though they don’t always exactly match what’s being said
G．I found them the perfect learning tool because they’re usually written in oral language
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了“我”一共學(xué)習(xí)過十二種語言，在學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程中“我”嘗試過各種各樣的方法。
1．G　解析：根據(jù)空后一句“For the most part, bloggers tend to write the same way they speak, so I don’t have to worry much about adopting strange terms that are only used in writing.”可知，通常，博主們傾向于用他們說話的方式來寫；據(jù)此可推知，“我”發(fā)現(xiàn)博客是學(xué)習(xí)語言的好工具，因為它們常常是用口語寫作的，故G項正確。
2．F　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“they will still keep your brain listening and reading in the same language”并結(jié)合常識可推知，電影中的字幕雖然有時和所說的話不是很一致，但是仍然會讓你的大腦用同樣的語言聽和看， 故F項與此處匹配。
3．D　解析：根據(jù)空處前兩句“A lot of language learning computer programs include games. I’m super competitive and if I play any of them, I can be hooked for hours.”可知，許多語言學(xué)習(xí)電腦程序中都包含游戲，而“我”是一心求勝，如果“我”玩任何一個，“我”都能上癮好幾個小時。據(jù)此可推知，如果“我”在學(xué)習(xí)這門語言，花費的時間是值得的，故D項符合語境。
4．A　解析：根據(jù)空處前兩句“The hardest bit for me is when I’m comfortable enough with a language to understand most things and make myself understood. I’m actually stuck at this stage in Norwegian.”可知，對“我”來說，最難的部分是當(dāng)“我”足夠自信能用一門語言來理解大多數(shù)東西并使自己被理解的時候。在學(xué)挪威語時“我”實際上被困于這種狀態(tài)了；據(jù)此可推知，那讓“我”感到很不舒服，故A項正確。
5．C　解析：根據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段的主題句；根據(jù)該段中的“It got to the point where...with the limited Russian I had.”可知，“我”回憶了當(dāng)時在大學(xué)上俄語課時的感受；據(jù)此可推知，該段主要介紹“我”也使用“我”正在學(xué)的語言來進行思考，故C項正確。
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2020·蘭州診斷)China, which is proud of its great inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability to change the world with its “four new great inventions”： high-speed rail, mobile payments, bike-sharing and e-commerce. The four innovative(創(chuàng)新的) ways of life were most appealing to youths from 20 countries 1.____________(participate) in the Belt and Road Initiative, according to a survey by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.
“The ‘four new great inventions’ are all 2.____________(relate) to China’s high-tech innovation, 3.____________ improved the quality of people’s lives，” said Wu Hao, executive director of the BRRI. As a huge fan of bicycles, Bernard Schwartlander, World Health Organization Representative in China, 4.____________(express) his love for China’s shared bicycles, saying that “Shared bikes are bringing cycling back 5.____________people’s lives and they are making public transport more attractive and convenient.”
Rebecca Fannin, founder and editor of Silicon Dragon, noted that China is beginning to lead in innovation in some ways. “This is partly because China skipped over the PC era and went directly to the mobile. China has the 6.____________(large) mobile use in the world.”
With regard to the “four new great inventions”， Charlie Dai, principal analyst of American market research company Forrester, said these 7.____________(product)and services have definitely improved customer experience, developing national and 8.____________(globe) economy at the same time.
9．____________growing number of foreigners hope 10.____________(promote) economic development in their home countries by stressing the need for technological achievements like that of China.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文。中國的“新四大發(fā)明”，即高鐵、移動支付、共享單車、在線購物，給世界帶來了變化。
1．participating　解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語youths與動詞participate構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，故填participating。
2．related　解析：考查固定搭配。be related to 意為“與……相關(guān)”，是固定用法，故填related。
3．which　解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，其先行詞為“The ‘four new great inventions’”，且從句缺少主語，故填which。
4．expressed　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，此處描述的是過去的情況，故填expressed。
5．to　解析：考查介詞。此處表示“將騎自行車帶回人們的生活中”，故填介詞to。
6．largest　解析：考查形容詞的最高級。根據(jù)語境以及空前的“the”可知，此處表示中國的手機使用量是世界上最大的，故填largest。
7．products　解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。product是可數(shù)名詞，且根據(jù)空前的“these”可知，此處應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式。
8．global　解析：考查形容詞。根據(jù)空前的“national and”和空后的“economy”可知，此處應(yīng)填形容詞global。
9．A　解析：考查冠詞。a number of意為“許多”，是固定用法，故填A(yù)。
10．to promote　解析：考查非謂語動詞。hope to do sth. 意為“希望做某事”，是固定用法，故填to promote。


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