一、語(yǔ)基必備知識(shí)
(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．bleed vi.& vt. 流血
2．a(chǎn)nkle n. 踝(關(guān)節(jié))
3．choke vi.& vt. (使)噎??；
(使)窒息
4．cupboard n. 櫥柜；衣柜
5．ray n. 光線；射線
6．liquid n. 液體
7．radiation n. 輻射；射線
8．throat n. 咽喉；喉嚨
9．stove n. 爐子；火爐
10．tissue n. (生物)組織；薄的織物；手巾紙
11．essential adj. 最重要的；不可缺少的；本質(zhì)的
12．scissors n．(pl.) 剪刀
13．basin n. 盆；盆地
14．bandage n. 繃帶
15．wrist n. 手腕
16．sleeve n. 袖子
17．layer n. 層；層次
18．nerve n. 神經(jīng)；膽量
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫(xiě)其形
1．a(chǎn)id n．& vt. 幫助；援助；資助
2．skin n. 皮；皮膚
3．organ n. 器官
4．vital adj. 至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的
5．pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；注；涌
6．ceremony n. 典禮；儀式；禮節(jié)
7．swell vi.& vt. (使)膨脹；隆起
8．a(chǎn)mbulance n. 救護(hù)車
9．temporary adj. 暫時(shí)的；臨時(shí)的
10．squeeze vt.& vi. 榨；擠；壓榨
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．press v．壓，按→pressure n．壓力；擠壓；壓迫(感)
2．poison n．毒藥；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的　
3．vary v．變化→various adj.各種各樣的→variety n．變化；多樣(化)；多變(性)
4．mild adj.輕微的；溫和的；溫柔的→mildly adv.輕微地；溫和地
5．tight adj.牢的；緊的→tightly adv.緊地；牢牢地
6．firm adj.(動(dòng)作)穩(wěn)定有力的；堅(jiān)定的→firmly adv.堅(jiān)固地；穩(wěn)定地
7．a(chǎn)pply vt.涂；敷；搽；應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用vi.申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求；使用；有效→applicant n．申請(qǐng)人→application n．申請(qǐng)
8．brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地→bravery n．勇敢；勇氣
9．treat vt.& vi.治療；對(duì)待；款待n.款待；招待→treatment n．治療；療法；對(duì)待；待遇
10．injure vt.損傷；傷害；使受傷→injured adj.受傷的；有傷的→injury n．損傷；傷害
11．bear vt.忍受→bearable adj.可忍受的→unbearable adj.不可忍受的


1.“幫助”家族
①aid n．& vt.　　　 幫助；援助；資助
②favour n. 幫助
③assist vt. 幫助；協(xié)助
④assistance n. 幫助；協(xié)助
⑤support n．& vt. 支持；幫助
⑥help vt. 幫助
2.“成雙成對(duì)”的名詞薈萃
①scissors　　　　 剪刀
②jeans 牛仔褲
③earphones 耳機(jī)
④trousers 褲子
⑤glasses 眼鏡
⑥shoes 鞋子
3.“-ure”結(jié)尾的高頻名詞小結(jié)
①pressure　　　 壓力
②pleasure 樂(lè)事；快樂(lè)
③exposure 暴露；揭發(fā)
④failure 失敗
⑤mixture 混合物
⑥signature 簽名
(二)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
1．fall__ill 生病
2．make__a__difference 區(qū)別對(duì)待；有影響；起(重要)作用
3．be__proud__of 以……而自豪
4．squeeze__out 榨出；擠出
5．over__and__over__again 反復(fù)；多次
6．in__place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；適當(dāng)
7．put__one’s__hands__on 找到
8．a(chǎn)__number__of 若干；許多
9．a(chǎn)__knowledge__of ……的知識(shí)
10．cut__off 切掉；砍掉；阻斷
11．take__off 起飛；流行；脫下；(事業(yè))騰飛
12．a(chǎn)ct__as 擔(dān)當(dāng)；擔(dān)任


1.“make a＋n.”短語(yǔ)薈萃
①make a difference　　 有影響；起(重要作用)
②make a decision 做決定
③make a promise 許諾
④make a friend 交朋友
⑤make a face 做鬼臉
⑥make a comment 做評(píng)論
2.“in＋n.”短語(yǔ)大聚會(huì)
①in danger　　　　　　　 在危險(xiǎn)中
②in trouble 處于困境中
③in debt 負(fù)債，欠賬
④in case 以防；萬(wàn)一
⑤in turn 反過(guò)來(lái)
⑥in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；適當(dāng)
(三)重點(diǎn)句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句
Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless__it__is__stuck__to__the__burn.
除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀。
句型2：be doing... when...正在做……這時(shí)……
John was__studying__in__his__room__when he heard screaming.
約翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí)，這時(shí)他聽(tīng)到了尖叫聲。
句型3：It was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
It__was__John’s__quick__action__and__knowledge__of__first__aid__that saved Ms Slade’s life.　是約翰敏捷的行動(dòng)和急救知識(shí)挽救了斯萊德女士的生命。
句型4：There is no doubt that...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……
There__is__no__doubt__that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.　毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，是約翰敏捷的思維和在學(xué)校學(xué)到的急救技能挽救了斯萊德女士的生命。

二、語(yǔ)境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．The survivors of the powerful earthquake lived in the temporary(臨時(shí)的) tents until the new houses were built.
2．Regardless of all the barriers(障礙), Mary succeeded, winning invitations from many famous dance schools.
3．(2017·北京卷)Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation ceremony(典禮), it was well received.
4．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))I firmly(堅(jiān)定地) believe that I can be a qualified volunteer.
5．(2019·天津卷)Reading is a vital(至關(guān)重要的) part of my life.Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning.
6．Alice sat on the sofa quietly with tears pouring(pour) down her face.
7．A terrible accident must have happened there, for two ambulances(ambulance) rushed to the spot just now.
8．Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed(squeeze)the water out.
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境品詞——寫(xiě)出加黑詞匯在語(yǔ)境中的意義
1．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ七選五)To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.皮膚
2．(2019·天津卷閱讀A)It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become.必要的
3．(2019·天津卷閱讀D)The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that age is not a barrier to achieving one’s goal. 屏障，障礙
4．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ閱讀D)Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity.潮濕的
5．(天津卷完形)She coughed and choked and could hardly survive her first few weeks.窒息
Ⅲ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．He got injured during the football match and the injury was serious. (injure)
2．The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster.Their bravery deserved to be praised. (brave)
3．Don’t press me any longer. These days, I can’t fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great pressure on me. (press)
4．The applicants who want to apply for the position should hand in their applications. (apply)
5．People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government. (treat)
6．We like to live a life full of variety and our tastes are various. (vary)
Ⅳ.選詞成篇
make a difference; squeeze out; in place; a knowledge of; be of vital importance to; put one’s hands on
There is no doubt that it 1.is__of__vital__importance__to know 2.a__knowledge__of first aid as danger lies everywhere and accidents happen from time to time. As for bleeding badly, 3.put__your__hands__on a clean handkerchief or a piece of cloth and slow the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds. Shortly after that, you should put him 4.in__place and wait for ambulance. If a person is drowning, you must 5.squeeze__out the water in his stomach at first. The way to deal with being poisoned by the gas is to open the doors and windows to let the fresh air in. All in all, your quick action and knowledge of first aid can 6.make__a__difference to saving one’s life.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．(2018·江蘇卷)除非你能睡得好，否則一兩個(gè)晚上后你就會(huì)失去集中注意力、做好規(guī)劃和保持積極性的能力。
Unless__you__can__sleep__well,__you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
2．正是擁有真誠(chéng)和信任我們才創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)和諧的氛圍。
It__was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.
3．我正在想是否要參加，這時(shí)英語(yǔ)老師走了過(guò)來(lái)，告訴我這是我展示才華的好機(jī)會(huì)。
I was__wondering whether to participate when my English teacher came by, telling me that it was a good chance to display my talent.
4．毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，那里的孩子極需要關(guān)愛(ài)和幫助。
There__is__no__doubt__that children there are badly in need of care and help.

aid　n．& vt.幫助；援助；資助
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The government took immediate action to__aid(aid) the earthquake victims as soon as the earthquake happened.
②Neighbours aided him with money when he almost lost everything in the fire.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not helped her.
(高級(jí)表達(dá))She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not come__to__her__aid．

(1)do/give first aid to sb.　 對(duì)某人急救
come to one’s aid 幫助某人
with the aid of... 在……的幫助下
(2)aid sb.in (doing) sth. 幫助某人做某事
aid sb. with sth. 以某事/物幫助某人
aid sb. to do sth. 幫助某人做某事
[佳句背誦] I couldn’t speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.
我不會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，但是一位好心的男士來(lái)幫助我并告訴我怎么走。
vital　adj.至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①(2019·天津卷)Understanding history is vital to understanding(understand) ourselves as a people and as a nation.
②What’s more, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to__obey(obey) the traffic rules.
[能力提升]——微寫(xiě)作
③(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))在中國(guó)，當(dāng)你參加晚宴時(shí)，注意餐桌禮儀是至關(guān)重要的。
It’s__vital__that__you__should__mind__your__table__manners in China when you attend a dinner party.

be vital for/to sth.　　　　 對(duì)(做)某事極為重要
be of vital importance to... 對(duì)……至關(guān)重要
It is vital that sb. (should) do sth.
某人(應(yīng)該)做某事是極其重要的。
[佳句背誦] If we are to make a difference in life, it’s vital that we should begin with small things.
如果我們想在生活中發(fā)揮作用，重要的一點(diǎn)就是我們應(yīng)該從小事開(kāi)始。
treat　vt.& vi.治療；對(duì)待；款待　n．款待；招待
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①M(fèi)en and women must be__treated(treat) equally in education and employment.
②(2018·浙江卷6月讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before.
③(天津卷)Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment(treat), she finally became healthy.
[能力提升]——句式升級(jí)
④(普通表達(dá))If the patient was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.
(高級(jí)表達(dá))Treated__in__a__proper__way，the patient was likely to be saved.(分詞作狀語(yǔ))

(1)treat sb.as...　　　　 把某人當(dāng)……看待
treat sth.seriously 認(rèn)真對(duì)待某事/某物
treat sb./oneself to... 用……款待某人/自己
(2)It’s my treat. 我請(qǐng)客。
[佳句背誦] Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.
我們的老師對(duì)我們都很好，并且拿我們當(dāng)朋友對(duì)待。
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散] “把……當(dāng)……看待”的表達(dá)形式：
①treat...as...；
②regard/consider...as...；
③think__of...as...．
apply　vt.涂；敷；搽；應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用　vi.申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求；使用；有效
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/猜測(cè)加黑詞的含義
①Applying(apply) yourself to your study, you will pass your exam.
②I’d appreciate it if you could take my application(apply) into account at your convenience.
③He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. 按，壓
[能力提升]——微寫(xiě)作
④(2018·浙江卷6月應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作)聽(tīng)說(shuō)你們需要一些志愿者接待來(lái)訪問(wèn)我們學(xué)校的國(guó)外學(xué)生，我很高興寫(xiě)信申請(qǐng)這份工作。
Hearing that you are in need of some volunteers to receive foreign students visiting our school, I’m__gladly__writing__to__apply__for__this__job．

apply...to...　　　　 把……運(yùn)用到……中；
把……涂到……上
apply to... 適應(yīng)……；適用于……
apply (to...) for... (向……)申請(qǐng)……
apply oneself to... 集中精力于……
[佳句背誦] We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions.
我們必須寫(xiě)一篇論文，討論如何將課堂上學(xué)到的知識(shí)應(yīng)用到未來(lái)的職業(yè)中去。
in place　在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；適當(dāng)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——對(duì)比填空
(1)in place與in place of
①The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in__place__of meat which might be harmful to her heart.
②Mother makes it a rule to put newspapers scattered in the room in__place every morning.
(2)take place與take the place of
③Important changes took__place in the lives of women in the 20th century.
④Mary will take__the__place__of Tom to arrange the meeting to be held next week.

(1)out of place　　　　 不在適當(dāng)位置；不合適
in place of 代替；取代
in the first place 首先；第一點(diǎn)
(2)take place 發(fā)生
take one’s place 就座；代替
take the place of 代替；取代
[佳句背誦] In the first place, with a good command of English, I’m quite qualified for the job.
首先，我很適合這份工作，因?yàn)槲业挠⒄Z(yǔ)很好。(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))
make a difference　區(qū)別對(duì)待；有影響；起(重要)作用
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①What you have said will make no difference to the naughty boy.
②The twins are so alike；it’s difficult to tell the difference between them.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behavior will work.
(高級(jí)表達(dá))I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behavior will make__a__difference．

(1)make no difference (to sb./sth.)
　　　　　　 對(duì)……沒(méi)有作用或影響
make some difference (to sb./sth.)
對(duì)某人/物有些作用或影響
(2)tell the difference 分辨；區(qū)分；區(qū)別
[佳句背誦] There is no doubt that only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in our life. 　毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，只有言行一致我們才能在生活中產(chǎn)生影響。

unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句
(教材P34)Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.　除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Unless the weather gets(get) better，I will stay at home.
②I won’t attend the party to be held tomorrow unless invited(invite)．
[能力提升]——一句多譯
眾所周知，除非你有規(guī)律地進(jìn)行鍛煉，否則身體就不會(huì)健康。
③It is known to all that unless__you__exercise__regularly,__you won’t keep fit. (unless)
④It is known to all that if__you__don’t__exercise__regularly,__you won’t keep healthy. (if)

(1)unless意為“除非；如果不”，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)肯定的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，可與if...not引導(dǎo)的否定狀語(yǔ)從句互換。
(2)unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)意義，主句多用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
(3)在unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)和部分謂語(yǔ)有時(shí)可以省略?！?
[佳句背誦] All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.　書(shū)中所有的照片，除非另做說(shuō)明的，全部都源于20世紀(jì)50年代。
be doing...when... 正在做……這時(shí)……
(教材P38)John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
約翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí)，這時(shí)他聽(tīng)到了尖叫聲。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Just last year, I was__conducting(conduct) a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door.
②I had just lain down when the telephone rang.
③She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out when she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我們正在為周末出游收拾行李，這時(shí)我的女兒聽(tīng)到求救的叫喊聲。
We were__packing__to__leave__for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.

be doing...when... 　 正在做……這時(shí)……
be about to do...when... 正打算做……這時(shí)……
be on the point of doing ...when ...
正要做……這時(shí)……
had just done ...when ... 剛做了……這時(shí)(突
然)……　
[佳句背誦] I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car.
我去書(shū)店的路上，正在一個(gè)十字路口等綠燈，這時(shí)一個(gè)大約十歲的女孩被一輛駛過(guò)的汽車撞倒了。
[名師點(diǎn)津] when 為并列連詞，表示“這時(shí)；突然”，相當(dāng)于and then/and at that time。

Ⅰ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)
1．(2019·天津卷)However，technology is also the application(apply) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.
2．(2019·天津卷)A war injury(injure) has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison.
3．The firefighter almost got choked(choke) because of the heavy smoke in the house.
4．Factories produce large amounts of chemicals that are poisonous(poison) to human beings.
5．The heavy stress from the study was unbearable(bearable), so Li Lin got depressed and decided to give up.
6．Extra lessons on Sundays put more pressure(press) on students, who already have piles of homework in fact.
7．The poor little boy was lying in the middle of the road, bleeding(bleed) very heavily.
8．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning(turn) brown.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
1．The project, unless approved(approve) by the government, will not be carried out soon.
2．In face of failure, it is vital that we (should)__keep(keep) up a good state of mind.
3．The professor had just finished his speech when students rushed out of the classroom.
4．Whether he can get the support from his parents or not makes no difference to his plan.
5．With the local community aiding them with the inves－tigation, the police soon found out the criminal.
Ⅲ.易錯(cuò)誤用(改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤)
1．There is no denying that the accident did him a severe injure.injure→injury
2．It is so cold that you can’t go outside unless fully covering in thick clothes.covering→covered
3．Little Tom, who got burned while he was setting off fireworks, is treated in hospital now.在is后加being
4．The large number of private cars show that our incomes are increasing.show→shows
5．There is no doubt whether global warming is a security threat to us all.whether→that
Ⅳ.熟詞生義(根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出加黑詞的詞性及含義)
1．Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it.vt.涂；敷；搽
2．Money was tight, but we had a roof over our heads, food on the table, clothes on our backs and, if not a lot, always enough.adj.不寬裕的
3．I stood there trembling and trying to choke back the tears.控制住

提能一　語(yǔ)段填空(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
(一)
One day, Tom was driving his car to his company 1.when he saw a girl injured in a traffic accident. To make matters worse, the girl was bleeding.Jumping out of the car, Tom gave her first aid and then put her 2.in place, waiting for the ambulance. As a result, his knowledge of first aid made a 3.difference(differ) to the girl.
(二)
One day Mike 1.was__studying(study) in his room when he heard a scream from the kitchen. He rushed to the kitchen and found his mother got burned while 2.cooking(cook). Mike remembered what he had learned at school. First, he took off the clothes that his mother was wearing near the burns. Then, he put clean cloth in the cold water, 3.squeezed(squeeze) the water out and placed it on the burned area over 4.and over again until the pain was not so bad. At last, he put his hands 5.on a dry and clean bandage to cover the burned area and held the bandage in place with tape. Then he went to a doctor with his mother.
提能二　話題寫(xiě)作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)寫(xiě)滿分作文)
你校英文報(bào)正在開(kāi)展主題為“急救知識(shí)”的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文向英文報(bào)社投稿，介紹自己所了解的急救知識(shí)。
1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請(qǐng)用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①割傷是日常生活中非常常見(jiàn)的傷，會(huì)疼、腫或流血。
Cuts are__very__common__injuries__in__our__daily__life,__which will cause__pain,_
_swelling__or__bleeding．
②傷員也許會(huì)感染甚至死亡。
The injured may__get__infected or even die.
③知道一些處理割傷的知識(shí)的確起作用。
A__knowledge__of__how__to__treat__cuts__can__make__a__big__difference.
④對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的割傷，僅需要洗凈傷口部位，擦干并用干燥而干凈的布包扎。
For a simple cut, it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut, dry it and cover__it__with__a__piece__of__dry__clean__cloth．
⑤如果這個(gè)人流血很嚴(yán)重，通過(guò)向傷口施壓止血至關(guān)重要。
If the person is__bleeding__badly/heavily,__it__is__vital__that__you__should__try_
_to__stop__the__bleeding__by__applying__pressure__to__the__injury．
⑥那是因?yàn)槿绻?她失去三分之一的血，也許會(huì)死亡。
That is because if__a__person__loses__one__third__of__his__or__her__blood,__he or she may die.
⑦如果必要的話，把傷員送往醫(yī)院。(省略句)
If__necessary,__take__the__injured__person__to__the__hospital.
2．升級(jí)平淡句
⑦用強(qiáng)調(diào)句式升級(jí)句③
It__is__a__knowledge__of__how__to__treat__cuts__that__can__make__a__big__difference.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯：what’s worse, however)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Cuts are very common injuries in our daily life, which will cause pain, swelling or bleeding. What’s worse, the injured may get infected or even die. However, it is a knowledge of how to treat cuts that can make a big difference.
For a simple cut, it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut, dry it and cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth. If the person is bleeding badly/heavily, it is vital that you should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury. That is because if a person loses one third of his or her blood, he or she may die. If necessary, take the injured person to the hospital.

(建議用時(shí)：35分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·安徽重點(diǎn)中學(xué)模擬)One of the easiest ways to stop the spread of disease is to simply wash your hands. Twenty seconds of handwashing with soap and water can reduce illnesses and save lives. But, many people, especially children, do not have good handwashing habits. One problem is that children do not wash their hands often enough or long enough. Children may think that it is a tiresome thing to do.
To help handle this problem, two businesswomen from India created a product to turn handwashing into a fun activity. Amanat Anand and Shubham Issar created a tool called SoaPen, aimed at teaching kids good handwashing habits and encouraging kids to wash their hands with soap appropriately and regularly.
“It’s such a simple habit to do, but the fact is that people aren’t doing it, and it’s resulting in actual deaths—which is shocking. So, we decided to come up with a fun method，” said Issar.
As the name suggests, SoaPen is a pen made out of soap. The children draw on their hands with the soap pen and then wash the drawing off. If they don’t spend enough time washing it off, the colors remain on the children’s hands. Issar said it makes sure that children take enough time to wash their hands. This may be especially helpful in a classroom. Often a teacher does not have the time to make each child wash his hands properly.
Kids actually wash their hands for the proper amount of time because they’re drawing on their hands. To obliterate the drawing, they actually wash their hands instead of just going under water and, you know, a one-second wash and off.
Good news is that the school children in Mumbai, India, will soon most likely wash their hands after handling a pet. Issar and Anand stated that SoaPen to be created everywhere will help promote good habits through handwashing in the city across the globe.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了SoaPen。SoaPen是一款畫(huà)筆樣式的液態(tài)洗手產(chǎn)品，孩子們可用它在手上涂抹然后洗手，如果他們沒(méi)有花足夠的時(shí)間洗手，顏色會(huì)留在他們的手上，這會(huì)讓洗手充滿樂(lè)趣。
1．Why does SoaPen come into existence?
A．To cure kids of some kinds of diseases.
B．To teach kids the importance of soap.
C．To help kids wash their hands correctly.
D．To make money from children consumers.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“One problem is that children do not wash their hands often enough or long enough.”可知，問(wèn)題是孩子們洗手的頻率不夠或洗手的時(shí)間不夠長(zhǎng)；再聯(lián)系第二段中的“aimed at teaching kids good handwashing habits and encouraging kids to wash their hands with soap appropriately and regularly”可知，發(fā)明SoaPen的目的在于讓孩子們養(yǎng)成良好的洗手習(xí)慣，由此可知選項(xiàng)C正確。
2．Which of the following does Issar agree with?
A．Handwashing is anything but little.
B．SoaPen is designed for classrooms.
C．Some teachers ignore kids’ health in school.
D．Kids don’t know the right way of handwashing.
A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段Issar的話“It’s such a simple habit to do, but the fact is that people aren’t doing it, and it’s resulting in actual deaths”可知，有些人因?yàn)闆](méi)有養(yǎng)成良好的洗手習(xí)慣而死亡，由此可知，洗手習(xí)慣對(duì)我們的健康是至關(guān)重要的，故選A項(xiàng)。
3．What does the underlined word “obliterate” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Show.　　　　 B．Reserve.
C．Learn. D．Remove.
D　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。依據(jù)該段的“Kids actually wash their hands for the proper amount of time because they’re drawing on their hands.”可知，孩子們需要用足夠的時(shí)間去洗手才能洗掉SoaPen的圖案，由畫(huà)線詞后的內(nèi)容可知，為了消除SoaPen留在手上的痕跡，孩子們不再只是匆匆洗手了。由此可知，畫(huà)線詞與remove意思相近，故選D項(xiàng)。
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．SoaPen has become popular worldwide.
B．The inventors think SoaPen has a bright future.
C．SoaPen has been applied in Mumbai schools.
D．Kids’ health should be paid more attention to.
B　解析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)該段的“Issar and Anand stated that SoaPen to be created everywhere will help...across the globe.”可知，發(fā)明者表示SoaPen將在世界各地生產(chǎn)，這也會(huì)促進(jìn)在全球推廣好的洗手習(xí)慣，她們對(duì)SoaPen的未來(lái)有信心，由此可知選項(xiàng)B正確。
B
(2020·山東、湖北聯(lián)考)Public libraries are an excellent resource for research, literacy(讀寫(xiě)能力) education, and reading-centered events. Most towns have one or share library services with other towns through a mobile library, and the use of a public library is free to people who are willing to apply for a library card.
There are several primary sources of library funding(資金), starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants(撥款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries—most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fund-raising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.
Grants and private donations can also be used to provide a large amount of funding for public libraries, and some large libraries maintain a separate staff member to increase the amount of funding that they can obtain through these sources. Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locally-based community efforts such as after-school reading programs. Many private donors are pleased to support their local public libraries by donating funds or including some library in their wills, and libraries reward their donors with treats like after-hours visits or privileged access to special collections.
By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers. When it comes to supporting public libraries, every little bit counts: if you cannot afford to donate to a local library, think about volunteering time to help shelve books, lead after-school programs, or organize fund-raisers. Being active with your public library is a very important way to contribute to your local community.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了圖書(shū)館資金的幾個(gè)主要來(lái)源。
5．How many main sources of library funding are mentioned?
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，圖書(shū)館資金來(lái)源主要有三個(gè)：國(guó)家資金；當(dāng)?shù)卣膿芸?；私人捐款?br /> 6．How is the funding made use of according to the text?
A．By exploring more about history.
B．By developing a scientific computer system.
C．By holding after-school activities for students.
D．By enriching special collections for the donors.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“education grants which support locally-based community efforts such as after-school reading programs”可知，有些資金用于為學(xué)生舉辦一些課外活動(dòng)。
7．What does the underlined word “browsers” refer to in the last paragraph?
A．Viewers in the library.
B．Programs used to view documents.
C．People running the library.
D．Donors visiting the library regularly.
A　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞所在句“By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers．”可知，通過(guò)組合多種資源，有創(chuàng)造力的圖書(shū)館館長(zhǎng)可以使他們的圖書(shū)館有用、信息豐富并且對(duì)于browsers來(lái)說(shuō)有趣。故可推知browsers應(yīng)是去圖書(shū)館的人。故答案為A。
8．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To stress the value of public libraries.
B．To appeal for donation to local libraries.
C．To introduce sources of public library funding.
D．To show the procedure of funding libraries.
C　解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。本文主要介紹了圖書(shū)館資金的幾個(gè)主要來(lái)源，故答案為C。A項(xiàng)是第一段的中心，不是文章的寫(xiě)作目的，可以排除；最后一段的最后兩句提到支持圖書(shū)館有多種方式，可以從很多小事做起，作者并沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)要給圖書(shū)館捐款，所以也沒(méi)有“呼吁”一說(shuō)，故排除B項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在procedure，文章并未提及相關(guān)信息，故排除D項(xiàng)。
【難句分析】　Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locally-based community efforts such as after-school reading programs.
分析：本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，句子主干是Grants include technology grants, grants and education grants，句中有三個(gè)which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
譯文：撥款包括讓圖書(shū)館安裝和更新電腦系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)撥款，關(guān)注某個(gè)特定話題，如科學(xué)、小說(shuō)、兒童書(shū)籍或當(dāng)?shù)貧v史的撥款以及支持當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)活動(dòng)如課外讀書(shū)項(xiàng)目的教育撥款。
Ⅱ.七選五
(2020·石家莊模擬)I love to travel alone for one reason: the strangers. Talking to strangers along your travels can change your trip into an adventure. 1.________．
Don’t ignore your fellow tourists. On a casual road trip, I went into a local shop. Waiting in a line to pay, I asked the woman ahead of me if she was from the area. “Nope. Oklahoma，” she told me. “Why？” 2.________. The man behind me jumped in and recommended some places worth visiting.
Stop using your phone. You need to be an open person, with open body language and open eyes and without a shield(盾). But my phone often gets between me and the surroundings. It ruins my chances to make eye contact with the people I see. 3.________， take a deep breath and make a sacred deal with yourself not to touch it. Put it in a different pocket than you usually do every time you reach for it.
4．________. I’ll start by choosing a place to have morning coffee or breakfast. After that, I’ll let a local suggest what to do. I’ve found that the easiest way to do this is to talk to people who are in open roles, such as people who work in restaurants, stores, or museums or ask someone seated near you on a bench or in a cafe. Ask where the person’s favorite street is.
Don’t be afraid of getting lost. On a visit to London a few years ago, I got out from the tube and got hopelessly lost. 5.________. So I stepped into a pub to dry myself and ended up listening to a woman telling me about her years as a spy.
A．It began to rain
B．Let strangers make all your plans
C．When you’re watching somebody
D．I will share my experience with you
E．If stopping using it feels unsafe to you
F．Never feel afraid of the strangers you meet
G．I replied I was on a trip, looking for scenic spots
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　作者用自己的親身經(jīng)歷介紹了獨(dú)自旅行的一些注意事項(xiàng)。
1．D　解析：由空前的“I love to travel alone for one reason: the strangers. Talking to strangers along your travels can change your trip into an adventure.”可知，作者喜歡獨(dú)自旅游的一個(gè)原因是陌生人；在旅行時(shí)，和陌生人交談可以讓旅行變成一種冒險(xiǎn)。又由下文所列的四個(gè)方面可知，D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
2．G　解析：根據(jù)空前的“Why？”可知，G項(xiàng)中的“I replied”與其呼應(yīng)，且空處起到承上啟下的作用，所以G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
3．E　解析：本段內(nèi)容是圍繞電話而講的，且根據(jù)空后的“make a sacred deal with yourself not to touch it”可知，E項(xiàng)“If stopping using it feels unsafe to you”與此呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。
4．B　解析：根據(jù)空后的“I’ll start by choosing a place to have morning coffee or breakfast. After that, I’ll let a local suggest what to do.”可知，本段講的應(yīng)是讓當(dāng)?shù)厝私o“我”旅行的建議，故B項(xiàng)“Let strangers make all your plans”與之呼應(yīng)。故選B。
5．A　解析：根據(jù)空后的“So I stepped into a pub to dry myself”可知，前一句講的內(nèi)容與該句中的“dry myself”有關(guān)。故A項(xiàng)“It began to rain”符合語(yǔ)境。
【難句分析】　I’ve found that the easiest way to do this is to talk to people who are in open roles, such as people who work in restaurants, stores, or museums or ask someone seated near you on a bench or in a cafe.
分析：that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，兩個(gè)who都引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，“seated near you on a bench or in a cafe”作定語(yǔ)修飾someone。
譯文：我發(fā)現(xiàn)最簡(jiǎn)單的方式是和那些開(kāi)放的角色交談，例如在餐館、商店或博物館工作的人，或者也可以在坐在長(zhǎng)椅上或咖啡店時(shí)詢問(wèn)那些坐在你旁邊的人。
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空
(2020·大連高三一模)Chinese high-speed railways are a very 1.____________(comfort) way to travel. They are clean, quiet and efficient. China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first high-speed train 2.____________(come) into use in 2008.
The stations are 3.____________(main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened 4.____________(connect) the high-speed network. The facilities on the train are new and the staff are well-trained. Even the second-class 5.____________(chair) provide plenty of space. The passages are so wide 6.____________ you can move without disturbing anyone. You can use your mobile phone, access 7.____________ Internet or work on your laptop. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food 8.____________(be) limited. The toilets are large, clean and user-friendly too. The train almost doesn’t rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.
What’s more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed trains are also 9.____________(little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are 10.____________ delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了中國(guó)發(fā)達(dá)的交通工具——高鐵。
1．comfortable　解析：考查形容詞。修飾名詞一般用形容詞，所以用形容詞comfortable修飾名詞“way”，在句子中作定語(yǔ)。
2．came　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。主句的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，根據(jù)該句中的“since”和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in 2008”可知，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
3．mainly　解析：考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞一般用副詞，故用副詞mainly修飾動(dòng)詞built，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。
4．to connect　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填to connect。
5．chairs　解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。chair是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞provide和語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，故填chairs。
6．that　解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)該句中的“so”，并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處考查固定用法so...that...，意為“如此……以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，故填that。
7．the　解析：考查冠詞。此處表示“訪問(wèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，Internet常和定冠詞the連用。
8．a(chǎn)re　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此處為一般性描述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是一個(gè)被動(dòng)句，主語(yǔ)為the kinds of food; limit和句子主語(yǔ)the kinds of food是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即be＋done的形式，故填are。
9．less　解析：考查副詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)句中的“faster”和“than”可知，此處含有比較的含義，故填副詞比較級(jí)less，修飾動(dòng)詞affected，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。
10．they　解析：考查代詞。否定副詞“Seldom”置于句首，引起部分倒裝，系動(dòng)詞are位于主語(yǔ)之前，空處指代上文提到的“the high-speed trains”，是復(fù)數(shù)形式，故用they。


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