一、語(yǔ)基必備知識(shí)
(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯——分類(lèi)記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．journal n．　 　　　　　　　　 日記；雜志；
定期刊物
2．fare n. 費(fèi)用
3．route n. 路線；路途
4．boil vi. (指液體)沸騰；(水)開(kāi)
5．stubborn adj. 頑固的；固執(zhí)的
6．detail n. 細(xì)節(jié)；詳情
7．forecast n．& vt. 預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)報(bào)
8．parcel n. 小包；包裹
9．source n. 來(lái)源；水源
10．a(chǎn)ltitude n. 海拔高度；高處
11．glacier n. 冰河；冰川
12．valley n. (山)谷；流域
13．waterfall n. 瀑布
14．pace vi. 緩慢而行；踱步
n. 一步；速度；步調(diào)
15．insurance n. 保險(xiǎn)
16．wool n. 羊毛；毛織品
17．pillow n. 枕頭；枕墊
18．flame n. 火焰；光芒；熱情
19．rapids n. 急流
20．temple n. 廟宇；寺廟
21．cave n. 洞穴；地窖
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫(xiě)其形
1．flow vi.　　　　　　 流動(dòng)；流出
n. 流動(dòng)；流量
2．persuade vt. 說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)
3．shortcoming n. 缺點(diǎn)
4．schedule n. 時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表
vt. 為某事安排時(shí)間
5.__fond adj. 喜愛(ài)的；慈愛(ài)的；寵愛(ài)的
6．bend n. 彎；拐角
vt. 使彎曲
vi. 彎身；彎腰
7．transport n. 運(yùn)送；運(yùn)輸
vt. 運(yùn)輸；運(yùn)送
8．a(chǎn)ttitude n. 態(tài)度；看法
9．view n. 風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見(jiàn)解
vt. 觀看；注視；考慮
10．journey n. 旅行；旅程
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．a(chǎn)dvantage n．有利條件；優(yōu)勢(shì)→disadvantage n．不利條件；不便之處
2．organize vt.組織；成立→organizer n．組織者→organization n．組織→organized adj.有組織的
3．graduate vi.畢業(yè) n．大學(xué)畢業(yè)生→graduation n．畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)典禮
4．prefer vt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)→preference n．偏愛(ài)；愛(ài)好
5．determine vt.決定；確定；下定決心→determined adj.堅(jiān)決的；有決心的→determination n．決心
6．rely v．依賴(lài)；信賴(lài)→reliable adj.可信賴(lài)的；可靠的→reliably adv.可靠地
7．cycle vi.騎自行車(chē)→cyclist n．騎自行車(chē)的人
8．final adj.最后的→finally adv.最后； 終于

1.與“性格”有關(guān)的形容詞小結(jié)
①stubborn　　　　　 頑固的；固執(zhí)的
②easy-going 隨和的
③outgoing 外向的
④gentle 溫和的
⑤optimistic 樂(lè)觀的
⑥outspoken 坦率的
2.“最終；終于”家族
①finally adv. 　　　　 最后；終于
②eventually adv. 最后；終于
③at last 最終；終于
④in the end 最后；終于
⑤at length 最后；終于
3.表示“優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)”的相關(guān)詞匯
①
②
③drawback n．　　　缺點(diǎn)
(二)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
1．ever__since　　　　　　　 自從；自……以后
2．be__fond__of 喜愛(ài)；喜歡
3．care__about 關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念；在乎
4．graduate__from... 畢業(yè)于……
5．make__up__one’s__mind 下決心；決定
6．give__in__ 投降；屈服；讓步；上交
7．a(chǎn)s__usual 照常
8．a(chǎn)t__midnight 在午夜
9．put__up 張貼；搭建用；尋找；搜尋
10．dream__about/of 夢(mèng)想

1.“v.＋in”相關(guān)短語(yǔ)一覽
①believe in　　　 　　　 相信
②hand in 上交
③take in 吸收
④check in 登記
⑤call in 召集
⑥give in 投降；屈服；讓步
2.“be＋adj.＋of”短語(yǔ)集錦
①be fond of　　　　　　　 喜歡；喜愛(ài)
②be tired of 對(duì)……厭倦
③be afraid of 害怕……
④be aware of 意識(shí)到；知道
⑤be proud of 為……自豪
⑥be sure of 確信
(三)重點(diǎn)句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：insist that...(should) do sth.堅(jiān)持主張……(應(yīng)該)做某事
Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she__insisted__that__she__organize the trip properly. 　盡管她對(duì)去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅(jiān)持要自己把這次旅行安排得盡善盡美。
句型2：“主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)
When I told her the__air__would__be__hard__to__breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. 　當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄、呼吸困難且天氣很冷時(shí)，她卻說(shuō)這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。
句型3：once引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句
Once__she__has__made__up__her__mind,__nothing can change it.
一旦她下定決心，什么也無(wú)法使她改變主意。
句型4：can hardly/can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待地要做某事
We can__hardly__wait__to__see them！　我們迫不及待地想要見(jiàn)到他們！
二、語(yǔ)境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))I’m writing to tell you something about the upcoming volleyball tournament, which is scheduled(安排) to be held in the new stadium next month.
2．Everyone present at the meeting had different views (觀點(diǎn)), so they failed to reach an agreement.
3．In spite of all her shortcomings(缺點(diǎn)) I still think she is one of the best teachers in the school.
4．The chairman forecasts(預(yù)報(bào)) that average salary increases will remain around 4 percent.
5．(2019·北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude(態(tài)度) towards college before thinking about which college to attend.
6．We are looking for someone who is reliable(可信賴(lài)的) and hard-working.
7．Don’t let yourself be persuaded(persuade) into buying things you don’t really want.
8．The supplies were transported(transport) to the local people immediately the earthquake happened.
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境品詞——寫(xiě)出加黑詞匯在語(yǔ)境中的意義
1．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ完形)The crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers are disappearing，changing the face of Kilimanjaro.冰川
2．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ七選五)They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.枕頭；枕墊
3．(2018·江蘇卷)As a major channel of consumption information, the rating is an efficient source of information for shopping in our own consumption.來(lái)源
4．(2018·北京卷)Interested in it, they watched carefully and even took photos, trying to take down all the details.細(xì)節(jié)；詳情
Ⅲ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．My brother is a graduate in physics and he graduated from Peking University.He has been working in a famous company after graduation．(graduate)
2．John is very reliable—if he promises to do something，he will do it, so you can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble.(rely)
3．Li Hua is a young man with great determination．He determined to go to Tibet after graduation. Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, he left home without saying a word.(determine)
4．He joined the organization which was organized by his school as soon as it was set up.(organize)
5．A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils，but most teachers prefer to make friends with the polite students.(prefer)
Ⅳ.選詞成篇
can’t wait to do sth.; give in; ever since; dream of; care about; be fond of
1．Ever__since I was a child, I have 2.been__fond__of travelling. I have 3.dreamed__of organizing a trip to Tibet.What my mother 4.cared__about was whether I could adapt to the climate there.I tried to persuade my mother to travel with me. Finally, she 5.gave__in to me and agreed to my plan and I 6.couldn’t__wait__to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Tibet. It was through this travelling that I realized not only could I get close to nature but I also could broaden my horizons and strengthen my love for my family.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該帶一件合適的禮物去拜訪你的中國(guó)朋友。
I insist that you should__bring__an__appropriate__gift__to visit your Chinese friend.
2．盡管這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難解決，但我并沒(méi)有放棄。
Even though the problem was__difficult__to__solve,__I didn’t give up.
3．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))排球比賽將于11月22日在我們學(xué)校體育館舉行，許多學(xué)生迫不及待地參加比賽。
The volleyball game is scheduled to take place in our school stadium on November 22nd and a number of students can’t__wait__to__join__in__the__competition．
4．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))一旦你更好地了解了中國(guó)餐桌禮儀， 你就知道在晚宴上做什么了。
Once__you__have__a__better__understanding__of__the__Chinese__table__manners,__you will know what to do at the dinner party.


prefer　vt.(preferred，preferred，preferring)更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I(mǎi)’m quite satisfied, and I prefer renting such an apartment to buying(buy) one.
②Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to__stay(stay) longer and spend more time.
③(2019·天津卷書(shū)面表達(dá))Several reasons may account for my preference(prefer) for western painting.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
我寧愿過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的生活也不愿浪費(fèi)有限的資源。
④I prefer__to__live__simply__rather__than__waste the limited resources. (prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)
⑤I prefer__living__simply__to__wasting the limited resources. (prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)
⑥I would__live__simply__rather__than__waste the limited resources. (would do sth. rather than do sth.)
⑦I would__rather__live__simply__than__waste the limited resources. (would rather do sth. than do sth.)

(1)prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.
　 　　　　　　 寧愿(做)某事而不愿(做)某事
prefer to do sth. 更喜歡做某事
prefer sb. to do sth.
希望/愿意某人做某事
(2)
(3)preference n. 偏愛(ài)；優(yōu)先權(quán)；偏愛(ài)的事物
[佳句背誦] I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month.　在下個(gè)月的歡迎儀式上，與中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)服裝相比，我更喜歡校服。(2019·江蘇卷書(shū)面表達(dá))
[名師點(diǎn)津]
prefer不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)；不可與比較級(jí)連用。
persuade　vt.說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/對(duì)比填空
①While shopping, people sometimes can’t help being__persuaded(persuade) into buying something they don’t really need.
②Though I had advised her for many times, I couldn’t persuade her to go abroad with me because her life experience had persuaded her that she could not live on without her parents.(persuade與advise)
[能力提升]——一句多譯
(浙江卷書(shū)面表達(dá))我設(shè)法說(shuō)服我的同學(xué)接納了我的想法。
③I managed to persuade__my__classmates__to__accept__my__idea．(persuade)
④I managed to persuade__my__classmates__into__accepting__my__idea．(persuade)
⑤I managed to talk__my__classmates__into__accepting__my__idea．(talk)
⑥I managed to convince__my__classmates__to__accept__my__idea．(convince)

(1) 說(shuō)服某人做某事
(2) 說(shuō)服某人不做某事
(3)
[佳句背誦] He is so stubborn that perhaps nobody can persuade him to change his mind.
他那么頑固以至于或許沒(méi)有人能說(shuō)服他改變主意。
[名師點(diǎn)津] “說(shuō)服某人做某事”薈萃：
persuade sb.into doing sth.
talk sb.into doing sth.
convince sb.to do sth.
determine　vt.決定；確定；下定決心
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I(mǎi) have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
②(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined(determine) to test my own theory.
③The determined(determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
[能力提升]——詞匯/句式升級(jí)
④(普通表達(dá))I know an exhibition of Chinese painting will be held at the gallery next month. I decide to work as a volunteer.(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))
(高級(jí)表達(dá))Knowing__an__exhibition__of__Chinese__painting__will__be__held__at the gallery next month, I am__determined to work as a volunteer.(分詞作狀語(yǔ))

(1)determine on/upon　　　 決定
determine to do sth. 決定做某事(表示動(dòng)作)
determine sb.to do sth. 使某人決定做某事
(2)determined adj. 堅(jiān)決的；有決心的
be determined to do sth. 決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))
(3)determination n. 決心
[佳句背誦] As a student in senior high school, the most important task is to study hard, which determines our future.　作為一名高中生， 最重要的任務(wù)是努力學(xué)習(xí)， 這決定著我們的未來(lái)。
[名師點(diǎn)津] 高考中常考查determined to do sth.作狀語(yǔ)，有類(lèi)似用法的還有l(wèi)ost in, caught in, absorbed in等。
view　n．風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)，看法；見(jiàn)解　vt.觀看；注視；考慮
[一詞多義]——寫(xiě)出下列句中view的詞性及含義
①His view of life has changed a lot ever since the experience he had in Africa three years ago.n.觀點(diǎn)；見(jiàn)解
②I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.n.風(fēng)景
③Although life in a new country can be difficult, it can broaden our view.n.視野
④We can view the problem in many ways.vt.考慮
[能力提升]——詞匯/句式升級(jí)
⑤(普通表達(dá))We stand on the top of Mount Tai. We are able to see the beautiful scenery of the whole city.
(高級(jí)表達(dá))Standing__on__the__top__of__Mount__Tai,__we are able to have__a__good__view__of the beautiful scenery of the whole city.(分詞作狀語(yǔ))

(1)come into view　　　　 進(jìn)入視野；看得見(jiàn)
(2)in view of 由于；鑒于；考慮到
in one’s view/opinion 在某人看來(lái)
(3)view...as... 把……看作……
[佳句背誦] When we stood on the top of the mountain, the whole city came into our view.
我們站在山頂時(shí)，整個(gè)城市盡收眼底。
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散] (1)“就某人看來(lái)”的表達(dá)有：
①in__one’s__view；　　　　　 ②in__one’s__opinion；
③from__one’s__point__of__view;__ ④as__far__as__sb.__be__concerned．
(2)“開(kāi)拓視野”的表達(dá)有：
①broaden__one’s__view;__ ②broaden__one’s__horizons．
care about　關(guān)心；憂慮；惦念；在乎
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用care的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空
①(2018·浙江卷6月)This small act will let your neighbors know that you care__about the area.
②The mother continued to care__for the young panda for more than two years.
③He handled the instrument with__care for fear that it should be damaged.
[能力提升]——微寫(xiě)作
④(2019·天津卷書(shū)面表達(dá))我的老師關(guān)心我，為我將來(lái)的職業(yè)生涯做準(zhǔn)備。
My teacher cares__about__me and prepares me for my future career.,

(1)care for　　　　　　　　　 喜歡；照料
(2)take care 當(dāng)心
take care of 照料；處理
with care 小心；慎重
[佳句背誦] This experience has taught me that, we should also care about every small thing, because they are what make our success possible.
這段經(jīng)歷告訴我，我們也應(yīng)該關(guān)心每件小事，因?yàn)樗鼈兪刮覀兊某晒Τ蔀榭赡堋?br /> make up one’s mind　下決心；決定
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I(mǎi) made up my mind to__study(study) harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things.
②With so much noise around, the boy could not fix his mind on/upon what he was doing at all.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))First of all, remember that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time.(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))
(高級(jí)表達(dá))First of all, bear/keep__in__mind that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time.

change one’s mind　　　　 改變主意
bear/keep...in mind 記住……
fix one’s mind on/upon 將注意力集中于……
read one’s mind 看出某人的心思
[佳句背誦] After a heated discussion, we made up our minds to record our experiences at school.
經(jīng)過(guò)激烈的討論， 我們下定決心錄制在校的一些活動(dòng)經(jīng)歷。(2017·北京卷書(shū)面表達(dá))
[名師點(diǎn)津] make up one’s mind中的名詞mind有數(shù)的變化，根據(jù)one’s的單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)確定mind的單復(fù)數(shù)。
give in　投降；屈服；讓步；上交
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用give的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空
①The children were required to give__in their examination papers immediately.
②At the beginning, learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted to give__up without even trying.
③Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice gave her away．
④The rotting bananas are giving__off a bad smell, so you’d better throw them away.
⑤After two days our food gave__out,__and we had to return to the camp.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑥那個(gè)周末，我們?nèi)チ烁浇囊粋€(gè)社區(qū)，捐贈(zèng)給那里的人們?cè)S多錢(qián)。
That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave__away__a__lot__of__money__to__the__people__there．

give in to sb.　 向某人屈服
give away 贈(zèng)送；泄露；出賣(mài)
give back 歸還
give off 放出；散發(fā)出
give out 分發(fā)；用完，消耗盡，精疲力竭
give up 放棄，戒掉；停止；認(rèn)輸；把……送交
[佳句背誦] At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.
起初，羅伯特不讓他的女兒去潛水，但最終他讓步了，因?yàn)樗龑?duì)自己的技術(shù)很自信。(2018·天津卷)
[名師點(diǎn)津] give in作“讓步；投降”講時(shí)，為不及物動(dòng)詞，其后需加介詞to再接賓語(yǔ)。

insist that... (should) do sth. 堅(jiān)持主張……(應(yīng)該)做某事
(教材P18)Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.
盡管她對(duì)去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅(jiān)持要自己把這次旅行安排得盡善盡美。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①M(fèi)y husband and I insisted that our children were (be) old enough to make their beds.
②Faced with so many challenges from America, the government insisted that we (should)__take(take) a series of measures to deal with the situation.
[能力提升]——微寫(xiě)作
③(2017·天津卷書(shū)面表達(dá))老師堅(jiān)持要(我們)充分利用每一分鐘把工作做好。
The teacher insisted that every minute (should)__be__made__full__use__of__to__do the work well.

(1)insist(堅(jiān)持說(shuō)/認(rèn)為) that...，從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。
(2)insist(堅(jiān)決要求/主張) that sb.(should) do...，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
(3)insist on doing sth.意為“堅(jiān)持做某事”?！?
[佳句背誦] As we all know，China has always insisted that all countries，big or small, should be equal.
眾所周知，中國(guó)歷來(lái)主張國(guó)家不分大小，應(yīng)該一律平等。
[名師點(diǎn)津] insist/suggest 跟賓語(yǔ)從句是否用(should＋)do sth.分清含義是關(guān)鍵。
“主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)
(教材P18)When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.
當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄、呼吸困難且天氣很冷時(shí)，她卻說(shuō)這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite.The morning air is so good to__breathe(breathe)．
②In my view, the new flat is very comfortable to__live(live) in.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))Last but not least, I’m warm-hearted and easy-going. I’m easy__to__get__along__with(容易相處)．
④(高級(jí)表達(dá))Last but not least, I’m so__warm-hearted__and__easy-going__that__I’m__easy__to__get__along__with．(so...that...句型)

句型
主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋to do
特點(diǎn)
常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義
使用條件
常用的形容詞有difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等
不定式和句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系
[佳句背誦] You should make friends with a person who is easy to get along with.
你應(yīng)該與容易相處的人交朋友。


Ⅰ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)
1．One of the disadvantages(advantage) of online shopping is that our information is known to other people.
2．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Finally(final) you climb into an arctic-like zone with permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
3．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his graduation(graduate) from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before.
4．The activities, organized(organize) by the Students’ Union, have benefited a lot of students.
5．The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are__persuaded (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.
6．Ever since I graduated from Peking University, I have__been__working(work) in this big company for five years.
7．Bananas are packed before being transported(transport) to docks for shipment overseas.
8．He shared with us a detailed(detail) description of his experiences at the Olympic Games.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
1．I can’t wait to__tell (tell) Mary the good news that she has been admitted to Peking University.
2．He insisted that we (should)__change(change) our schedule, though no one really agreed with him.
3．On weekends, they always drive to the seaside, where they put up their tents to enjoy the sunlight.
4．It was your bad attitude towards your work that made your parents upset.
5．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for some problems are hard to__settle(settle)．
Ⅲ.易錯(cuò)誤用(改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤)
1．In my views, there is no need to care too much about your clothes.views→view
2．These were so difficult questions that none of us could settle them.so→such
3．Many tents have put up to provide temporary housing for the people in the disaster-hit area.在have后加been
4．The scientist prefers going to work on foot every day to drive his car.drive→driving
5．Although I can’t help admiring the man’s courage, but I don’t approve of his methods.刪除but或者but→yet
6．It was a great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer. 刪除a
Ⅳ.熟詞生義(根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出加黑詞的詞性及含義)
1．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) Thus，the keyboard can determine people’s identities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password right.vt.確定
2．(2019·江蘇卷)The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert.vt.安排
3．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D．C.vt.觀賞
4．He is a fond father who never scolds his children too much.adj.慈愛(ài)的

提能一　語(yǔ)段填空(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
(一)
I have decided to go to western remote areas to be a volunteer teacher next month.However, my parents prefer me 1.to__go (go) abroad for further study.I will never give 2.in,__whatever they might do or say about my plan.Once I have determined upon 3.doing(do) something, I will make my dream come true with great 4.determination(determine)．
(二)
George is interested in a job with frequent trips to foreign countries. After 1.graduating(graduate) from college, he works in a company as a(n) 2.organizer(organize) of advertising campaigns. Being efficient and 3.reliable(rely), he has got a good salary. Last month, he came to China for sales promotion. Though his inability to speak Chinese put him at a(n) 4.disadvantage(advantage), he carried out his work with great courage and 5.determination(determine). Believe it or not, he achieved success 6.finally(final)．
提能二　話題寫(xiě)作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)寫(xiě)滿(mǎn)分作文)
假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Jim所在的學(xué)校要組織學(xué)生來(lái)中國(guó)旅行，有兩條路線可以選擇：“長(zhǎng)江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim來(lái)信希望你能給些建議。請(qǐng)你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：①你建議的路線；②你的理由；③你的祝愿。
1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請(qǐng)用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①得知你自畢業(yè)后一直夢(mèng)想到中國(guó)游玩，并已決定到中國(guó)來(lái)，我很高興。
I’m delighted to learn that you__have__dreamt__about/of__visiting__China__ever__since__graduation and that you__have__made__up__your__mind__to__come__to__China．
②對(duì)你的到來(lái)，我感到非常興奮，并迫不及待地給你以下建議。
I’m excited about your coming, so I__can__hardly__wait__to__give__you__some__recommendations．
③相比泰山之旅，我更喜歡長(zhǎng)江之行。
I__prefer__the__tour__along__the__Yangtze__river__to__the__trip__to__Mountain__Tai.
④通過(guò)長(zhǎng)江之行，你會(huì)更好地了解中國(guó)的歷史及其人民。
Through the trip along the Yangtze river, you__will__have__a__good__knowledge__of__the__history__of__China__and__its__people．
⑤長(zhǎng)江沿岸不僅風(fēng)景非常迷人，而且空氣呼吸起來(lái)很新鮮。
Not__only__the__views__along__the__Yangtze__river__are__very__attractive__but__also__the__air__is__fresh__to__breathe.
⑥我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)江之行是更好的選擇。
I__insist__the__trip__along__the__Yangtze__river__is__a__better__choice.
2．升級(jí)平淡句
⑦用分詞作狀語(yǔ)升級(jí)句②
Excited__about__your__coming,__I__can__hardly__wait__to__give__you__some__recommendations.
⑧用強(qiáng)調(diào)句式升級(jí)句④
It__is__through__the__trip__along__the__Yangtze__river__that__you__will__have__a__good__knowledge__of__the__history__of__China__and__its__people.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯：personally, to begin with, more importantly, therefore)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Jim，
I’m delighted to learn that you have dreamt about/of visiting China ever since graduation and that you have made up your mind to come to China. Excited about your coming, I can hardly wait to give you some recommendations.
Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze river to the trip to Mountain Tai. To begin with, it is through the trip along the Yangtze that you will have a good knowledge of the history of China and its people. More importantly, not only the views along the Yangtze river are very attractive but also the air is fresh to breathe. Therefore, I insist the trip along the Yangtze river is a better choice.
Yours，
Li Hua

(建議用時(shí)：50分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·武漢高三訓(xùn)練題)In 2011, the old style Malta buses were taken off the road and replaced by modern vehicles. Most of the old buses were deserted, a few were sold, and about 100 of them were put into storage in the hope of showing them in a museum at some stage.
A pre-2011 visit to Malta wouldn’t have been complete without a ride on one of the colorful buses. Until 1973 you could tell the destination of the bus just by looking at its color—Sliema was green and white, Zabbar was red and white with a blue stripe(條紋) etc. Later, the buses all had numbers. For a while, they were all painted green and white before the “final” orange, yellow and white.
In their prime,__walking around the Triton fountain at the Valletta bus station, you would have found it very difficult to see two buses of exactly the same design. Most of them had locally built bodies. On the front of the buses carried names like Dodge, Leyland, Bedford ect. You were equally likely to find football pennants(錦旗) and the like decorating the cabs. Real bus experts would have recognized that these were there mainly for decorative reasons, and were seldom an accurate reflection of the vehicle’s origins.
Nowadays much more modern buses are to be found at the Floriana bus station. They are more environmentally friendly and possibly even more comfortable than the older types. However, I miss the old buses. I remember, when you boarded your bus, you had to prepare the correct change to pay the usually bad-tempered driver as you got on. If you were seated anywhere near the front, you would have noticed that most drivers sat well to the right of their steering wheel. The reason for this, as any Maltese would tell you, was to leave space for their pet to sit alongside them. I wonder where the pet sits these days.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　2011年馬耳他老式交通工具被現(xiàn)代的交通工具取代，老式公交車(chē)正式成為過(guò)去。
1．What makes a pre-2011 visit to Malta special according to paragraph 2?
A．Traveling in colorful buses.
B．Using buses with stripes.
C．Painting buses bright colors.
D．Telling destinations by different colors.
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“A pre-2011 visit to Malta wouldn’t have been complete without a ride on one of the colorful buses.”可推知，2011年以前，五彩繽紛的公交車(chē)是馬耳他的一大特色。故選A。
2．Which of the following best explains “prime” underlined in paragraph 3?
A．Painful time.　　　　　 B．Exciting time.
C．Moment of fantasy. D．Moment of glory.
D　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，第三段主要講述了老式公交車(chē)的盛行時(shí)期，因此畫(huà)線詞意為“在盛行時(shí)期”。故選D。
3．What can we learn about Malta buses when they were popular?
A．They were of the same pattern.
B．The decorations reflected their origins.
C．Most were uniquely designed.
D．Only football pennants decorated the cabs.
C　解析：推理判斷題。本文第三段講述了老式公交車(chē)的盛行時(shí)期。根據(jù)該段第一句中的“you would have found it very difficult to see two buses of exactly the same design”可推知，大部分老式公交車(chē)的樣式都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。故選C。
4．How would the author feel about the old style Malta buses?
A．Comfortable. B．Environment-friendly.
C．Safe. D．Memorable.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“However, I miss the old buses.”可知，作者非常懷念馬耳他老式公交車(chē)。故選D。
【難句分析】　In their prime, walking around the Triton fountain at the Valletta bus station, you would have found it very difficult to see two buses of exactly the same design.
分析：句中walking around the Triton fountain at the Valletta bus station為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，find it＋adj.＋to do sth.為固定用法。
譯文：在它們的鼎盛時(shí)期，走在瓦萊塔汽車(chē)站的Triton噴泉附近你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)看到兩輛設(shè)計(jì)一模一樣的公交車(chē)是很難的。
B
(2020·貴陽(yáng)高三摸底)Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during rush hour. There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill(濺) on you. The smells of some passengers’ food are very strong, too.
According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th, passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. Violators(違規(guī)者) who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off. The violation will also be recorded in the violators’ credit record.
Some support the rule. The reason is that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers.“The smell of food fills the carriage, causing people discomfort, especially in the hot summer. Besides, eating on the subway produces rubbish. And on the subway, people often spill their drinks，” said Zheng Yiou, 17, a student from Hefei.
However, others question this rule.“Some citizens live so far from their workplaces that they have limited time to have breakfast before they go to work. Eating while they travel saves them time and decreases the chance that they will be late for work，” He Songlin, a 17-year-old student from Chengdu said.“And some people, like those with low blood sugar levels, get sick if they can’t eat when they must.”
Other Chinese cities like Nanjing and Chengdu have similar regulations. Some foreign cities also ban eating and drinking on the subway. For example, eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington, D．C. Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars.
Chen Yanyan, a professor from Beijing University of Technology, believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway.“Commuters(上班族) and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat. Maybe we could learn from Tokyo, where there are many subway stations equipped with services, allowing passengers to eat and drink，” she said.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　《北京市軌道交通乘客守則》規(guī)定在地鐵上禁止乘客(除了病人和嬰兒)吃東西、喝飲料。南京和成都等城市和一些國(guó)外的城市也出臺(tái)了相應(yīng)的規(guī)定。有些人支持這一規(guī)定，也有一些人認(rèn)為在地鐵上吃喝能節(jié)省時(shí)間、避免上班遲到，而且有些人是因?yàn)樯眢w原因必須吃喝。北京工業(yè)大學(xué)的一名教授認(rèn)為我們可以學(xué)習(xí)東京地鐵站的做法。
5．In which city were subway passenger regulations carried out on May 15th?
A．Chengdu.　　　　　　　　 B．Nanjing.
C．Washington, D．C. D．Beijing.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th”可知，D項(xiàng)正確。
6．What is the punishment for the passengers who break the rules in Singapore?
A．Eating on the subway.
B．Drinking on the subway.
C．Being fined heavily.
D．Being asked to get off the train.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段尾句“Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars.”可知，在新加坡，違規(guī)在地鐵上吃喝將被罰款最高500新加坡元。故C項(xiàng)正確。
7．What is Chen Yanyan’s attitude to eating or drinking on the subway?
A．Worried. B．Sympathetic.
C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested.
B　解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)尾段內(nèi)容可知，陳教授認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮一些人對(duì)在地鐵上吃喝的需求。上班族和旅客太忙，沒(méi)有時(shí)間吃飯，故應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)東京的做法，在地鐵站配備相應(yīng)的服務(wù)系統(tǒng)，允許乘客在地鐵站吃喝。據(jù)此可推知，陳教授是贊同在地鐵上吃喝的，故B項(xiàng)正確。
8．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Food and Drink Banned on Subway
B．The Adventure of Subway Traveling
C．Ways to Eat and Drink on Subway
D．The Services on Subway Stations
A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文第二段第一句“According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations...passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.”為全文的主題句；并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了《北京市軌道交通乘客守則》的規(guī)定，即除嬰兒和病人外，乘客不得在地鐵上吃喝；并介紹了與此有類(lèi)似規(guī)定的城市的情況及人們對(duì)此的態(tài)度，故A項(xiàng)最適合作本文標(biāo)題。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·惠州高三調(diào)研)It’s once again been declared the world’s most popular museum. __1__， it may not be a __2__ thing for the Louvre(盧浮宮) in Paris.
The museum broke its own __3__ in 2018, welcoming 10.2 million __4__ and claiming the top spot in an index of the world’s most-visited museums.
But the Louvre’s uptick(小幅增加) in visitors is __5__ too much for many of its workers. And __6__ by reception and security staff over the number of tourists __7__ through its doors have hit opening hours throughout the week.
“The Louvre is suffocating(使人窒息的)，” the workers’ union said in a statement.“The public has increased by more than 20% since 2009, but the palace has not grown，” it __8__.
The museum was __9__ on Monday and opened later than advertised on Wednesday, due to a __10__ with the dissatisfied workers. Visitors have __11__ outside the building throughout the week, and those without bookings have been __12__.
Although tensions with its workers __13__， the museum’s bottom line is looking __14__. The Louvre broke its 2012 __15__ record last year, marking a dramatic __16__ from a sharp downturn in visits in 2017. The downturn was due to a sudden decrease in __17__ in Paris.
The social media that are __18__ about Beyoncé and Jay-Z’s music __19__ filmed at the museum may have affected that increase.
But while visitor numbers rose at the Louvre, overall attendance was relatively __20__ among the top 20 museums in the world last year. Attendance grew among the top 20 by just 0.1% from 2017 to 2018.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要介紹了游客量的增加使巴黎盧浮宮不堪重負(fù)。巴黎盧浮宮2018年的游客量打破其以往紀(jì)錄，給其工作人員帶來(lái)重壓甚至導(dǎo)致罷工，但帶來(lái)的收益很可觀。
1．A.Moreover　　　　　　　 B．However
C．Finally D．Eventually
B　解析：上文是說(shuō)盧浮宮又一次被宣布成為世界上最受歡迎的博物館。根據(jù)該句中的“may not be”及下文游客量上升給盧浮宮工作人員帶來(lái)的重壓可知，此處表示“然而，對(duì)于巴黎盧浮宮來(lái)說(shuō)，這可能不是一件很好的事情”。故選B。
2．A.splendid B．skeptical
C．tough D．sad
A　解析：splendid意為“極佳的，非常好的”；skeptical意為“懷疑的”；tough意為“難辦的”；sad意為“傷心的”。
3．A.promise B．rule
C．record D．law
C　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“the top spot”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，這家博物館接待了1 020萬(wàn)游客，打破了它的紀(jì)錄。故選C。
4．A.musicians B．a(chǎn)rtists
C．visitors D．volunteers
C
5．A.acquiring B．suffering
C．blaming D．proving
D　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“The Louvre is suffocating(使人窒息的)”可知，盧浮宮的游客量的這個(gè)小幅增加最后證明是盧浮宮的工作人員所不能承受的。
6．A.strikes B．quarrels
C．fights D．contests
A　解析：根據(jù)下文工會(huì)在一份聲明中所說(shuō)的話可知，接待處和安保處的工作人員實(shí)行罷工是因?yàn)橛咳氩┪镳^大門(mén)的游客太多，故選A。
7．A.flooding B．jumping
C．crawling D．slipping
A　解析：flood意為“大量涌入”；crawl意為“爬行”。
8．A.stopped B．a(chǎn)dded
C．started D．paused
B　解析：根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，工會(huì)在一份聲明中表態(tài)，此處應(yīng)是工會(huì)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)。
9．A.decorated B．repaired
C．visited D．closed
D　解析：根據(jù)本句中的“opened”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，該博物館在星期一的時(shí)候閉館，后來(lái)又于周三開(kāi)放。故選D。
10．A.lecture B．meeting
C．speech D．lesson
B　解析：結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和常識(shí)可知，推遲開(kāi)放的原因是一次和對(duì)現(xiàn)狀不滿(mǎn)意的盧浮宮工作人員的會(huì)議，故選B。
11．A.queued B．dined
C．helped D．served
A　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“outside the building”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處表示游客在盧浮宮外面排隊(duì)等候，故選A。
12．A.turned up B．turned over
C．turned away D．turned on
C　解析：根據(jù)上文游客量太大，有票的還需排隊(duì)等候可知，那些沒(méi)有訂票的游客就被拒絕進(jìn)入博物館。turn sb. away意為“把某人拒之門(mén)處，不準(zhǔn)某人進(jìn)入”，故選C。turn up“到來(lái)，偶然出現(xiàn)”；turn over“使翻轉(zhuǎn)”；turn on“打開(kāi)”。
13．A.die out B．pay off
C．fade away D．go on
D　解析：盡管博物館和工作人員的這種緊張關(guān)系正在繼續(xù)，但是博物館的收益看起來(lái)還是很可觀。
14．A.healthy B．funny
C．tinny D．cozy
A　解析：healthy“可觀的”；funny“有趣的”；tinny“(聲音)尖細(xì)的”；cozy“溫暖舒適的”。
15．A.quality B．a(chǎn)ttendance
C．photo D．worker
B　解析：盧浮宮于去年打破了它在2012年創(chuàng)下的游客到訪紀(jì)錄，這標(biāo)志著一個(gè)對(duì)2017年游客量急劇下降的巨大回升。那次下降是由突然發(fā)生的巴黎旅游業(yè)下滑引起的，故選B。
16．A.alarm B．a(chǎn)ttack
C．recovery D．prediction
C
17．A.paintings B．products
C．population D．tourism
D
18．A.innocent B．selfish
C．crazy D．generous
C　解析：此處表示對(duì)在盧浮宮進(jìn)行拍攝的Beyoncé和Jay-Z音樂(lè)錄影特別癡迷的社交媒體也影響了此次游客量的增加。be crazy about sb./sth.“對(duì)某人/某物著迷”為固定搭配。
19．A.concert B．video
C．festival D．industry
B
20．A.high B．huge
C．round D．flat
D　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“But while”和下文中的“by just 0.1%”可知，雖然盧浮宮的游客量是上升的，但是世界上前20名的博物館的整體到訪率相對(duì)而言是不景氣的。
Ⅲ.書(shū)面表達(dá)
(2020·合肥高三質(zhì)檢)假定你是李華，你的美國(guó)朋友Peter正在你們學(xué)校參加為期兩周的交流項(xiàng)目。請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)封郵件邀請(qǐng)他一起去郊游，欣賞中國(guó)的美麗鄉(xiāng)村。內(nèi)容包括：
1．時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；
2．特色鄉(xiāng)村文化體驗(yàn)(如賞美景、看演出、品美食等)。
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Peter，
①Knowing you will stay in China for two weeks during the exchange program with our school, I’m very delighted to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
Let’s meet at the gate of our school at 9：00 am on Sunday. Then we are ready to go by bus.②Imagine how exciting it is when you arrive at the destination with unique culture waiting for you to explore, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food and so on.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【一句多譯】
①表達(dá)方式一：When I know that you will stay in China for two weeks during the exchange program with our school, I’m more than glad to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
表達(dá)方式二：Since there are two weeks for you to stay in China due to the exchange program with our school, I’m very pleased to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
②表達(dá)方式一：When you know there are a variety of great things waiting for you to experience, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food, to name but a few, you are sure to be more than excited.
表達(dá)方式二：With a variety of great things waiting for you to experience, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food, to name but a few, you are sure to be more than excited.



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