2021版高考英語（譯林版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)考點聚焦學(xué)案：選修6Unit1　Laughterisgoodforyou-學(xué)案下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

[學(xué)生用書P139]
一、語基必備知識
(一)重點詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．comedy n．喜劇
2．tease vt. 取笑；揶揄；戲弄
3．previous adj. 先前的，以往的
4．a(chǎn)ffection n. 喜愛，鐘愛
5．initial adj. 最初的，初始的
n. (人名的)首字母
6．bow vi.& vt. 鞠躬；低頭；(使)彎曲
n. 鞠躬；船頭
7．dash vi. 急奔，急馳，猛沖
n. 急奔，猛沖；匆忙，倉促
8．tear vt. 撕，扯
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．stage n. 舞臺；階段，時期
2．guarantee vt.& n. 保證；擔(dān)保
3．a(chǎn)ttain vt. (通常經(jīng)過努力)獲得；得到；達(dá)到
4．polish vt. 提高；修改；潤色
5．pile n. 摞；垛；堆
6．style n. 風(fēng)格；方式；樣式
7．crowded adj. 擁擠的
8．burst vi. 猛沖；突然出現(xiàn)；爆裂
9．glare vi. 怒目而視；發(fā)出炫目的光
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．variety n．(同一事物)不同種類；多種樣式→various adj.各種各樣的；多方面的→vary v．變化；改變
2．behave vi.& vt.表現(xiàn)→behaviour n．行為；表現(xiàn)
3．perform vt.& vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，運轉(zhuǎn)→performance n．表演，演出；表現(xiàn)，業(yè)績→performer n．表演者；演員
4．technical adj.技術(shù)的；技能的→technique n．技術(shù)，技巧；技能→technically adv.技巧上，與技術(shù)有關(guān)地→technician n．技師，技術(shù)人員
5．a(chǎn)muse vt.逗笑，逗樂；提供(消遣)，(使)娛樂→amusement n．消遣，娛樂，樂趣→amusing adj.有趣的；引人發(fā)笑的→amused adj.愉快的；被逗樂的
6．strengthen vt.& vi.增強；鞏固→strength n．力量，力氣→strong adj.堅強的，強壯的
7．participate vi.參加，參與→participation n．參加，參與→participant n．參加者，參與者
8．instruct vt.教授，傳授；指示，命令；告知→instruction n．教授；指示，命令；說明→instructive adj.有教育意義的；有啟發(fā)性的→instructor n．教練，導(dǎo)師
9．a(chǎn)nger n．怒，怒火，怒氣→angry adj.發(fā)怒的，生氣的→angrily adv.生氣地，氣憤地
10．positive adj.積極的；正面的；肯定的→negative adj.消極的；負(fù)面的；否定的；壞的，有害的
11．invitation n．邀請→invite vt.邀請
12．weekly n．周刊；周報 adj.每周的→week n．周→weekday n．工作日→weekend n．周末

1.“保證”表達(dá)種種
①guarantee　　②ensure
③insure ④assure
2．“達(dá)到，實現(xiàn)，獲得”家族
①attain 達(dá)到，獲得
②achieve 完成，做到
③obtain 獲得，得到
④get 得到
3.“adj.＋-en→v.”的演變
①strong→strengthen　 (使)變強
②ripe→ripen (使)成熟
③short→shorten (使)變短
④wide→widen (使)變寬
⑤deep→deepen (使)變深
⑥sharp→sharpen 削尖；使銳利
⑦dark→darken (使)變暗
⑧hard→harden (使)變硬
4.“觀點、態(tài)度”類形容詞
①positive 　　積極的，正面的，肯定的
②negative 消極的
③active 主動的，活躍的
④passive 被動的，消極的
⑤subjective 主觀的
⑥objective 客觀的
⑦neutral 中立的
⑧critical 批評的
⑨doubtful 懷疑的

(二)重點短語——記牢用活
1．stand_up_for 支持，維護
2．a(chǎn)_variety_of 種種；各種各樣的
3．trip_over 絆倒
4．make_fun_of 拿……開玩笑；取笑
5．have_affection_for 喜愛，鐘愛
6．come_up_with 想出；拿出
7．pass_away 去世，亡故
8．drive_away 趕走；驅(qū)趕
9．take_on 接納
10．make_room_for 為……騰出地方
11．burst_in 闖進(jìn)；突然闖入
12．glare_at 對……怒目而視
13．hold_out 遞出；拿出；伸出
14．later_on 后來，過后
15．make_up 組成；編造；化妝；彌補
16．depend_on 依靠；依賴
17．be_popular_with 受……歡迎
18．be_divided_into 劃分為

1.stand短語集訓(xùn)營
①stand up for　支持，維護
②stand for 代表；象征；主張
③stand out 突出，顯眼；杰出
④stand back 向后退
⑤stand aside 靠邊站；不參與
⑥stand by 支持；袖手旁觀
2.pass短語速記
①pass away　　度過；消磨時間；
去世，亡故
②pass along 沿……走，路過
③pass by 經(jīng)過；時間逝去
④pass down (世代)相傳，傳下來
⑤pass on...to... 把……傳遞給……
3.“v.＋away”短語團聚
①drive away趕走；驅(qū)趕
②put away 收好，放好
③turn away 轉(zhuǎn)過臉去；避開
④give away 贈送；泄露；出賣
⑤break away 脫離；擺脫
⑥die away (聲音、光線等)慢慢變?nèi)?br />

(三)重點句式——背熟巧用

句型公式
教材原句
句型1：特殊疑問詞＋插入語＋疑問句剩余部分？
Which of the events above do_you_think will be the funniest?
你認(rèn)為上面哪件事最有趣？
句型2：“數(shù)詞/不定代詞＋such＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)
One_such_person is Billy Crystal.
比利·克里斯托就是這樣的一個人。
句型3：It seems(＋adj.)＋that...句型
He said, “It_seems_appropriate_that he got his start in silent films！”
他說：“看來他不愧是從無聲電影起家的呀！”

二、語境強化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．A number of recent studies indicate that happiness is more easily attained(獲得) after middle age.
2．Not all students are guaranteed(保證) jobs when they graduate from college under the present economic situation.
3．Shops were crowded(擁擠的) with customers looking over the colourful displays.
4．In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile(摞) of books on it.
5．With the audience staring at her, the little girl felt nervous on the stage(舞臺)．
6．(全國卷Ⅰ)When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst(burst) into tears.
7．In spite of many invitations(invite), he would always decline to visit Oxford.
8．It will make me crazy when getting teased(tease) by other people.
9．Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions(instruct) attached in the box, or you’ll be at risk.
10．There were varieties(vary) of flowers in the park and many people went to have a look at weekends.Ⅱ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．The performers from the U．S.A. performed very well at the concert and their performances were well received.(perform)
2．To the audience’s amusement,_the actor’s amusing performance really amused them and they all felt amused．(amuse)
3．To my surprise, I invited him to dine, but he declined my invitation with thanks.(invite)
4．There are various goods in the supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars.The variety attracts many customers.(vary)
5．Tony, our teacher will not tolerate your bad behaviour in class.Please behave yourself! Or you’ll be punished.(behave)
6．Nearly 60 participants from Beijing and neighboring areas participated in the competition.(participate)
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
drive away; make fun of; pass away; have affection for; come up with
Most Chinese prefer to watch the Spring Festival Gala. A famous director was in charge of it this year.He 1.came_up_with a lot of good ideas to make it interesting to watch.Many famous performers were invited and a variety of programmes were put on the stage. Maybe most middle-aged and old people 2.have_affection_for crosstalk. Ma Sanli, who has 3.passed_away,_is one of the famous crosstalk performers. Crosstalk performers often amuse the audience by 4.making_fun_of each other, which helps 5.drive_away the feelings of sadness. And we often burst into laughter when watching crosstalk.
take on; depend on; a variety of; make up; be popular with
Since reform and opening-up, 6.a_variety_of changes have taken place in this village. Nowadays, the village is developing rural tourism, which 7.is_popular_with people all over the country, and is 8.taking_on a new look. At present, tourists 9.make_up nearly one third of the village population. At the same time, many villagers 10.depend_on rural tourism to become rich.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．你認(rèn)為在你的龍舟賽隊里，誰是最好的運動員？
Who_do_you_think_is_the_best_player in your Dragon Boat race team?
2．許多無法適應(yīng)氣候突變的動物和植物都滅絕了。恐龍就是這樣的一個例子。
Many animals and plants, which couldn’t adapt to the sudden change of the climate, died out.Dinosaurs are one_such_example．
3．簡找回了丟失的錢包，這看起來很幸運。
It_seems_lucky_that Jane has recovered her lost wallet.
[學(xué)生用書P142]

various　adj.不同的；各種各樣的
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2019·北京卷)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various(vary) activities on Earth Day.
②The research team is made up of pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15.
[能力提升]——詞匯/句式升級
③(普通表達(dá))Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)
(高級表達(dá))Our school has built a new stadium, which_has_various/varieties_of/a_variety_of_well-equipped_facilities．
(定語從句)

(1)for various reasons　　由于種種原因
(2)variety n. 變化；多樣性；種類
a variety of＝varieties of 種類繁多的
all kinds of 各種各樣的
(3)vary vt.& vi. 改變；變化
vary from...to... 從……到……不等；
在……到……之間變動　
[佳句背誦] Students should take an active part in various community activities.
學(xué)生們應(yīng)該積極參加各種各樣的社區(qū)活動。
behave　vt.& vi. 舉動；(舉止或行為)表現(xiàn)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①Personally, it is completely wrong of him to behave towards/to others and life with such an attitude.
②Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselves(they)．
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)就我個人而言，我們大家都應(yīng)該注意在公共場所的舉止。
As far as I’m concerned, all of us should mind_our_behaviour_in_public_places．

(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb.
　　　　　　　　對待某人好/差
behave oneself 守規(guī)矩；表現(xiàn)得體
(2)behavio(u)r n. 舉止；行為　
[佳句背誦] Meanwhile, it is necessary for the government to encourage people to behave properly in public places.
與此同時，政府有必要鼓勵人們在公共場所的行為舉止要適當(dāng)。
perform　v．履行，執(zhí)行；做；演出，表演，演奏；(機器) 運轉(zhuǎn)；(人) 行動，表現(xiàn)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.Personally, performing(perform) an experiment calls for devotion and carefulness.
b．(安徽卷)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to_perform(perform) his duty.
c．No matter how frequently performed(perform), the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
②(2019·江蘇卷)The musician along with his band members has given ten performances(perform) in the last three months.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級
③(普通表達(dá))The_performer_performed_very_well(這個表演者表演得很好)
on the stage. Her performance was popular with the audience.
④(高級表達(dá))The_performer_performed_very_well_on_the_stage,_whose_performance_was_popular_with_the_audience.(非限制性定語從句)

(1)performance n．　　　　演出；履行；表現(xiàn)
put on/give a performance 演出
(2)performer n. 演出者；表演者
[佳句背誦] As a senior high student, everyone should perform well in school. 　作為一名高中學(xué)生，每個人在學(xué)校里都應(yīng)該好好表現(xiàn)。
[詞塊助記] perform an operation　進(jìn)行手術(shù)
perform one’s duty　　　　　盡某人的責(zé)任
perform one’s promise 履行某人的承諾
perform a task 執(zhí)行任務(wù)
perform magic tricks 表演魔術(shù)
perform well in the exam 在考試中考得好
amuse　vt.逗笑；逗樂；提供(消遣)，(使)娛樂
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues amused(amuse) with her stories.
②We were all amused by his foolish behaviour.
③However amusing(amuse) the story is, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
④To our amusement(amuse), the boy acted an old woman.
[能力提升]——完成句子
他周末常在簡樸的家里拉小提琴消遣。
⑤He often amuses_himself_by playing the violin in his simple home at weekends.(amuse)

(1)amuse sb.by/with sth. 用某事逗某人開心
(2)amused adj. 被逗笑的，愉快的
be amused at/by... 被……逗樂，以……為樂
be amused to do... 做……取樂
(3)amusing adj.　有趣的，好玩的，逗人笑的
(4)amusement n. 消遣，娛樂
to one’s amusement 令某人開心的是
[佳句背誦] I was not at all amused to find they had eaten all the cakes.
發(fā)現(xiàn)他們把蛋糕全吃光了，我一點也不覺得好笑。
participate　vi.參與；參加
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①Having_participated(participate) in several similar activities before, I know well how to handle emergencies.
②(江蘇卷)Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation(participate) rules for people to obey.
③I am a cooperative participant(participate) in the social groups I belong to.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級
④(普通表達(dá))Those who want to join in the contest are supposed to sign up before May 20th.
(高級表達(dá))Those who want to participate_in the contest are supposed to sign up before May 20th.

(1)participate in　　　　參加
(2)participant n. 參加者
participation n. 參與；參加；分享
　
[佳句背誦] Besides，our school set up a volleyball team and a basketball team.Both teams train for two hours a day and participate in competitions regularly.　此外，我們學(xué)校組建了排球隊和籃球隊。兩個隊每天訓(xùn)練兩個小時并定期參加比賽。(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散] “參加”薈萃：
①take_part_in；②join_in；
③compete_in；④participate_in．
guarantee　vt.保證；擔(dān)?！．保證；保修；擔(dān)保；抵押品
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.I guarantee to_pay(pay) off my debts on time, no matter what happens.
b．We should pay attention to small details, which can guarantee us to_succeed(succeed) in the end.
②The shop said they would replace the television as long as it was still under guarantee.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
抓住這個機會吧，我保證你不會后悔的。
③Take this opportunity, and I guarantee_that_you_won’t_regret_it．(guarantee v．)
④Take this opportunity, and I give_you_a_guarantee_that_you_won’t_regret_it．(guarantee n．)

(1)guarantee sb. sth./guarantee sth.to sb.
　　　　　　　向某人保證某事
guarantee to do/that... 保證做……；確保……
(2)under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi)
give sb. a guarantee (that)．..
向某人保證……　
[佳句背誦] Working hard is not only a guarantee of success, but it is also among the essential requirements.
努力工作不僅是成功的保證，而且是成功必不可少的要求之一。
instruct　vt.教授，傳授；指示，命令；告知
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①They instructed him that he should_leave (leave) the country at once.
②Always read the instructions (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
③The judge immediately instructed that all the fishermen (should)_be_set (set) free.
④(天津卷)As scheduled, we took part in several instructive(instruct) activities.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤那封信指示他立即向總部匯報。
The letter instructed_him_to_report to headquarters immediately.

(1)instruct sb.to do sth. 　　指導(dǎo)某人做某事
instruct sb.in sth. 指導(dǎo)某人某事
instruct sb.that... 通知/命令某人……
(2)instruction
obey/follow instructions 遵從指令/指示
(3)instructive adj.　有教育意義的，有啟發(fā)性的
instructor n．　　　　　　教員；教練；指導(dǎo)員　
[佳句背誦] The old teachers instruct the young teachers not only in words but also by deeds.
這些老教師對年輕的教師言傳身教。
burst　vi.(burst，burst)爆裂；爆發(fā)　n．突然破裂；爆發(fā)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①I was teaching foreigners to learn Beijing Opera when a group of pupils burst in．
②He burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級
看到她的同學(xué)因為她愚蠢的錯誤哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起來。
③(普通表達(dá))When she saw her classmates burst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_into_tears.
④(高級表達(dá))Seeing_her_classmates_burst_out_laughing because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_out_crying．(burst out；分詞作狀語)

(1)突然哭起來/笑起來
(2)burst in/into　　　闖入，突然破門而入
(3)burst with anger 勃然大怒
(4)a burst of 一陣
[佳句背誦] When the professor entered the lecture hall, there was a burst of applause.
當(dāng)教授走進(jìn)演講大廳時，突然爆發(fā)出一陣掌聲。
[名師點津]
(1)burst in中的in是副詞，后面不接賓語；
(2)burst into中的into是介詞，后面應(yīng)接賓語。
come up with　趕上；提出，想出或找到(答案、想法等)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(裝置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard.
②(2017·浙江卷)Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel.
③I’ll never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.
[能力提升]——詞匯/句式升級
④(普通表達(dá))The project was raised at the meeting yesterday, and it attracted many people’s attention.
(高級表達(dá))The_project_came_up/was_come_up_with_at_the_meeting_yesterday,_attracting_many_people’s_attention.(分詞作狀語)

come about　　　　　產(chǎn)生；發(fā)生
come across 偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)
come on 來吧；趕快；加油　
come to　　　　　　　　加起來總共；蘇醒
come up 走近；上升；被提出
come up with 想出；提出
when it comes to... 涉及；談到
[名師點津] come up的主語是物，表示“(計劃、建議、議題等)被提出”，為不及物動詞短語，不能用于被動語態(tài)；而come up with主語是人或團體組織，表示“(某人)提出”，為及物動詞短語。
take on　接納；雇用；承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中take on的含義
①Now the countryside is taking on a new look day by day.呈現(xiàn)
②He is willing to take on the responsibility for what he did.承擔(dān)
③Our factory will take on twenty more workers next month.雇用
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用take的相關(guān)短語填空
④When Mr.Green retired, his son took_over the business from him.
⑤The small village has taken_on a new look since the kind-hearted photographer came into it.
⑥Hurry up! The plane is taking_off in ten minutes.
⑦I listened to the speech carefully, but I still couldn’t take_in．

take away 拿走，奪走
take back 收回(說錯的話)
take down 取下；記下；拆卸
take in 吸收；理解；欺騙；改小
take over 接收；接管；取代
take up 占用；占據(jù)；開始從事
take off 起飛
[佳句背誦] ①His secretary will have to take on most of his work while he’s gone.
他的秘書會在他不在的時候接手他大部分的工作。
②I won’t take up any more of your time.
我不再占用你的時間了。
hold out　遞出；拿出；伸出；堅持；維持；堅守，守住
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中hold out的含義
①He walked to her and held out a small bunch of wild flowers.遞出；拿出
②They held out the hand of friendship to me.伸出
③We must hold out.We mustn’t be frightened by the difficulties.堅持
④Do you know how long our supply of gas will hold out？維持
[能力提升]——完成句子
我希望這種好天氣能再持續(xù)一個星期。
⑤I hope this good weather will hold_out for another week.

hold back　　隱瞞；退縮；阻止；抑制
hold on 別掛斷；等一等；堅持
hold on to 堅守；保留(房屋、財產(chǎn)等)；抓住
hold up 舉起，拿起；支撐；攔住，耽擱　
[佳句背誦] ①They’ll have to give in—they can’t hold out forever.
他們將不得不投降，他們不可能永遠(yuǎn)守得住。
②Will you have the courage to hold on to your beliefs in the face of strong opposition？　面對強烈的反對意見，你會有勇氣堅持自己的信念嗎？

“數(shù)詞/不定代詞＋such＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)
(教材P2)One such person is Billy Crystal.
比利·克里斯托就是這樣的一個人。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①They are such interesting(interest) novels that I want to read them once again.
②He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③劉洋被北京大學(xué)錄取，然而我卻沒這么幸運。
Liu Yang was admitted to Beijing University, while I had no_such_luck．
④像你給我看的這樣的書是很難理解的。
Such_a_book_as you showed me is difficult to understand.
⑤世界上絕沒有無緣無故的愛，也沒有無緣無故的恨。
There is no_such_thing in the world as love or hate without cause or reason.

此處為數(shù)詞或不定代詞no/some/any＋such＋名詞結(jié)構(gòu)。
(1)such＋＋that結(jié)果狀語從句　
(2)such...as...像……這樣的……，as在句中引導(dǎo)定語從句。
(3)“no such＋單數(shù)名詞”意為“沒有這樣的……”，其中單數(shù)名詞前不可再加冠詞，相當(dāng)于“not such a(n) ＋單數(shù)名詞”。
[名師點津] 比較下列句子，注意連接詞的作用：
A：This is such a difficult problem as all of us can’t work out. (as引導(dǎo)定語從句)
B：This is such a difficult problem that all of us can’t work it out. (that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句)
“It seems (＋adj.)＋that...”句型
(教材P3)He said, “It seems appropriate that he got his start in silent films！”
他說：“看來他不愧是從無聲電影起家的呀！”
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①It has been windy for a little while and there seems(seem) to be raining shortly.
②The young man seemed to_have_changed(change) much.
[能力提升]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③The man over there seems to be a new teacher.
→It_seems_that the man over there is a new teacher.

(1)“It seems (＋adj.)＋that...”為主從復(fù)合句，It為形式主語，that從句為真正的主語，seems為系動詞，意為“似乎，好像”。
(2)“主語＋seem (＋to be)＋表語”，表語多為名詞或形容詞，有時是其他的詞或短語，以說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)。
(3)“主語＋seem＋不定式”，此句型中的seem與不定式一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。
(4)“There＋seem(s) to be＋名詞”，其中to be可省略。seem的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要根據(jù)后面作主語的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。　
[學(xué)生用書P146]

維度一　在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式
1．The children will not be allowed to sit at the table if they don’t behave themselves(they)．
2．He suggested that management (should)_be_strengthened (strengthen) to promote the process of the project.
3．It’s time that some of these old apartment blocks were_torn/should_be_torn (tear) down.
4．When he told me the joke I couldn’t help but burst out laughing(laugh)．
5．These data have been collected from various(vary) sources.
維度二　在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~
1．Most children at school hope that they can participate in activities after class instead of just doing their homework.
2．When he first got to the city, he was often made fun of for his strong accent.
3．It’s too crowded here.Please step aside a little to make room for me.
4．(天津卷)There will be many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that I’ll take on the burden.
5．These days there is no such thing as a job for life.
維度三　語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)
1．(2017·江蘇卷)This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new！保證
2．The teacher’s tricks are a source of amusement to the children in the kindergarten.娛樂
3．The experiment performed in the 1990s showed that many plants tolerate a wide range of light conditions.做
4．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. 提出
維度四　易錯誤用(改正下列句子中的錯誤)
1．I didn’t find the story amused; in fact, I thought it was rather boring.amused→amusing
2．At the terrible news, the little girl burst out tears.
out→into或tears→crying
3．We went to Disneyland Park last week and we all had a fun.刪除a
4．One so person is my father, a simple and modest man.
so→such
5．There are the variety of animals and plants in the world, but for various reasons, some of them are dying out.
第一個the→a
6．I will guarantee to trying my best to do the work well.
trying→try
7．Don’t glare me like that; you deserved scolding.
在glare后加at
8．Whoever can come up the answer to the question in a few minutes is allowed to leave.
在up后加with
維度五　完成句子
1．網(wǎng)上購物似乎更方便。
It_seems_more_convenient that we purchase online.
2．不管天氣怎樣，這對新婚夫婦都想在那個美麗的島嶼上度蜜月。
Whatever_the_weather_is_like,_the new couple would like to spend their honeymoon on the beautiful island.
3．他失敗的原因是他太依賴別人了。
The reason why_he_failed_is_that he depends on others too much.
4．她雖然是個可愛的姑娘，但有時很難與她共事。
While_she_is_a_lovely_girl,_she can be extremely difficult to work with.
5．他垂著頭，好像被人批評了一頓。
He dropped his head as_if_scolded_by_someone．

提能一　語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)
As senior school students, we are expected to focus on studies. 1.It seems that our school life is a little boring. In order to enrich our school lives and provide a chance for us to relax, we have invited a play group to offer us a wonderful 2.performance(perform). Also 3.varieties(vary) of interesting activities, which may be really 4.amusing(amuse), will be held then. 5.Such a chance is precious, therefore, we welcome your 6.participation(participate). 7.To_guarantee(guarantee) a harmonious night, I request those present behave 8.themselves(them). They are supposed to follow our 9.instructions(instruct)．
10．Once you come here, you will have great fun. Waiting for your coming.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
1．補全要點句(黑體部分請用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①我們都喜歡有幽默感的人，我的同桌杰克就是這樣一個人。
We all have_affection_for people with a sense of humour, and one_such_person is my deskmate—Jack.
②他總是編造各種笑話，逗得大家笑起來。
He is always making up a_variety_of_jokes which make everyone laugh.
③昨天他想出一個有趣的故事來取笑我，這使得我突然大哭。
Yesterday, he came_up_with an amusing story to tease me. It caused me to burst_into_tears．
④我們老師多次要求他好好表現(xiàn)，不應(yīng)嘲笑別人。
Many times our teacher instructed him to behave well and not to make_fun_of others.
⑤他后悔了，因此向我道歉并保證以后不再這樣做了。
He regretted having done that, so he said sorry to me, guaranteeing_that_he_would_never_do_that_again．
2．升級平淡句
⑥用非限制性定語從句升級句③
Yesterday,_he_came_up_with_an_amusing_story_to_tease_me,_which_caused_me_to_burst_into_tears.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：then)
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One possible version：
We all have affection for people with a sense of humour, and one such person is my deskmate—Jack.He is always making up a variety of jokes which make everyone laugh.Yesterday, he came up with an amusing story to tease me, which caused me to burst into tears.Many times our teacher instructed him to behave well and not to make fun of others.Then he regretted having done that.So he said sorry to me, guaranteeing that he would never do that again.

課時練1　2篇閱讀＋1篇完形
[學(xué)生用書P359(單獨成冊)]
閱讀理解
A
(2020·池州重點高中摸底)The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.
Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.
Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive(認(rèn)知的) falling.
Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了幽默、大笑和玩耍給人們的健康帶來的好處。
1．What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Playing an important role.
B．Keeping people in high spirits.
C．Quickly influencing other people.
D．Preventing illness from spreading.
C　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.”可知，當(dāng)人們分享笑容時，人們的關(guān)系更親密，人們也會更加快樂。故infectious的意思為“迅速影響其他人”。
2．What can laughter increase according to the author?
A．Cognitive ability.
B．Good relationships.
C．A sense of humor.
D．Happiness and trust.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness...and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.”可知，在作者看來大笑能使人們之間的關(guān)系更親密。
3．What does the author think the old should do?
A．They should have a good rest.
B．They should play like children.
C．They should prevent cognitive falling.
D．They should take part in physical play.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三、四句“However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.”可知，作者認(rèn)為老年人應(yīng)該參與身體活動。
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Humor, Laughter and Play for Health
B．Always Keep Our Body Healthy
C．Have an Active and Happy Life
D．Let Our Body and Mind Relax
A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段“Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.”可知，這篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。
B
(2020·石家莊重點高中摸底)I can proudly say that last year I broke the record for the oldest person in the world to ride a roller coaster. I’m 105, but I feel younger. Even the doctor agrees I’m in good condition. I’m a bit deaf and my legs feel weak, but they are the only issue.
I rode the Twistosaurus at Flamingo Land, which spins you round quite fast. I didn’t choose to go on that. I’d have preferred a really fast one that went upside down. But I was told I couldn’t ride something like that, because it would affect my blood pressure and I might have some danger.
I wasn’t nervous—I don’t get frightened of anything. I was securely fastened, so I knew I wouldn’t fall out. The roller coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldn’t be a better experience. And I raised a lot of money for the Derbyshire, Leicestershire & Rutland Air Ambulance fund, which was fantastic.
People were saying I’d got a place in the Guinness World Records. Later, someone came to present me with the certificate. I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one I got a year earlier.
My record-breaking ways really began a couple of years ago, with the ice bucket challenge. It turned out that I was probably the oldest person in the world to do it, and the video was very popular. After that, I started to think about what else I could do to raise money for different charities.
I’m not sure if anyone admires all the fun I’m having. They just say I’m daft and that’s about it. But I’ve had many good days and many exciting times. I’ve had a really good life. I don’t think I’ve wasted any of it.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文講述了世界上玩過山車年齡最大的老人的經(jīng)歷。他已經(jīng)105歲，獲得了吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄證書；此外，他還參加過“冰桶挑戰(zhàn)”，為慈善組織募捐。他認(rèn)為自己沒有浪費人生，過得很充實。
5．Why didn’t the author choose to go on riding the Twistosaurus?
A．Because he was told not to do so.
B．Because he considered it too gentle.
C．Because he thought it spun too fast.
D．Because he was in a bad physical condition.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“I didn’t choose to go on that. I’d have preferred a really fast one that went upside down.”可知，作者沒有選擇坐Twistosaurus，是因為他想要坐真正的快速翻轉(zhuǎn)的過山車，即他認(rèn)為Twistosaurus太過平緩，故B項正確。
6．How did the author most probably react while riding the roller coaster?
A．He really enjoyed himself.
B．He was very worried at first.
C．He couldn’t think much about it.
D．He got frightened as it started moving.
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The roller coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and it couldn’t be a better experience.”可知，乘坐過山車持續(xù)三到四分鐘，作者認(rèn)為這是一次再好不過的經(jīng)歷了。據(jù)此可推知，作者在坐過山車時很享受，故A項正確。
7．What do you know about the author from paragraph 4?
A．He was eager to get certificates.
B．He disliked showing off his success.
C．He was the oldest person in the world.
D．He set a record the year before last year.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“l(fā)ast year”和第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是尾句“I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one I got a year earlier.”可知，去年作者把這張吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄證書掛在客廳的墻上，還有一張是一年前掛的。據(jù)此可知，作者在前年也創(chuàng)造了一項紀(jì)錄。
8．Which word can best describe the author?
A．Cooperative.　　　　　　 B．Optimistic.
C．Generous. D．Intelligent.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But I’ve had many good days and many exciting times. I’ve had a really good life. I don’t think I’ve wasted any of it.”并結(jié)合文章描述的作者105歲還創(chuàng)造吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄可知，作者認(rèn)為自己有過許多美好的日子和許多激動人心的時刻，他過得很好，沒有浪費人生；據(jù)此可推知，作者是一個樂觀的人，故B項正確。
完形填空
(2020·江西重點中學(xué)協(xié)作體聯(lián)考)I got on the bus to go to school as normally do. Today, however, was quite __1__．As we approached the next stop, a little girl got on.She __2__ her wallet to find the $2 to pay the driver, but I could __3__ by her expression that she didn’t have the correct __4__. Therefore, I stood up, took out $2 from my wallet, and paid __5__ the girl.Then I walked back and sat down.The girl __6__ me, sitting down next to me.She said “thank you” in a sweet little voice and we began to chat.I found out that she was trying to get to State Street.
I felt __7__ to think about a girl in such a young age __8__ around in the city with no money or guardian.When my __9__ approached, I instructed her to get off with me and she agreed.As we got to the __10__， the little girl took my hand, and I __11__ her across the street to safety. __12__， I had some spare time, so I __13__ the girl to State Street, gave her $5, told her how to get home, and said goodbye.
As I __14__ out my hand to shake, she ran to me and gave me the biggest and __15__ hug.We waved each other goodbye and she looked at me with the sweetest blue eyes, and then she skipped away __16__ the street.
Although my new friend, Emily, was just a 9-year-old girl, she gave me __17__ that will take her many years to understand.As we hugged, none of us said a word; __18__ , I knew that our hearts had met and a __19__ was made.No age can limit the __20__ of one’s heart or the love that they can give.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　作者熱心幫助了一個在公交車上遇到的小女孩，小女孩給了他大大的擁抱。作者感悟到任何年齡都不能限制一個人內(nèi)心的力量或他們所能給予的愛。
1．A.frightening　　　　　　　 B．disappointing
C．different D．crazy
C　解析：根據(jù)句中however表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知今天與以往不同，下文敘述了事情經(jīng)過。故選C項。frightening令人恐懼的；disappointing令人失望的；different不同的；crazy瘋狂的。
2．A.observed B．touched
C．presented D．searched
D　解析：根據(jù)空后“her wallet to find the $2”可知女孩上車后從錢包里找錢付車費，根據(jù)當(dāng)時情境可知選D項。 observe觀察；touch觸摸；present提出；search尋找。
3．A.tell B．hear
C．imagine D．base
A　解析：女孩的表情告訴“我”她沒有正好的錢付車費，指從她的表情看出。故選A項。
4．A.ticket B．a(chǎn)ccess
C．permit D．fare
D　解析：此處指女孩沒有正好的錢付車費，指車費。故選 D項。
5．A.for B．off
C．back D．to
A　解析：pay for sb.指為某人付款，此處指“我”為女孩付了車費。故選A項。
6．A.followed B．pushed
C．noticed D．excused
A　解析：“我”為女孩付車費后，女孩跟隨“我”，然后坐在了“我”旁邊表示感謝。故選A項。
7．A.tired B．bored
C．troubled D．inspired
C　解析：根據(jù)句中“around in the city with no money or guardian”可知作者對這個小女孩沒有錢和監(jiān)護人自己在城市坐車感到不安，根據(jù)常識選C項。tired疲倦的；bored無聊的；troubled不安的；inspired能力卓越的。
8．A.chatting B．looking
C．playing D．wandering
D　解析：此處指女孩自己在城市里坐車閑逛，wander around徘徊，閑逛。故選D項。
9．A.company B．store
C．center D．stop
D　解析：根據(jù)下句“get off with me”可知是作者到站了。故選D項。
10．A.corner B．crossroads
C．destination D．shop
B　解析：根據(jù)“across the street to safety”可知他們走到十字路口過馬路。故選B項。
11．A.made B．hurried
C．led D．freed
C　解析：此處指作者帶領(lǐng)小女孩安全過馬路，故選C項。
12．A.Usually B．Luckily
C．Generally D．Personally
B　解析：幸好“我”有些空閑時間，所以“我”陪伴小女孩去她的目的地，表示“幸運的是”。故選B項。
13．A.accompanied B．treated
C．invited D．instructed
A　解析：此處表示“我”有時間，所以陪伴女孩去她的目的地，指陪伴女孩。故選A項。
14．A.pulled B．carried
C．made D．held
D　解析：此處指“我”伸出手和女孩握手，hold out伸出。故選D項。
15．A.toughest B．tightest
C．softest D．strongest
B　解析：女孩跑過來給了“我”一個最大最緊的擁抱，指緊緊的擁抱。故選B項。
16．A.across B．over
C．off D．down
D　解析：此處指女孩沿著街連蹦帶跳地走了，down the street沿著大街。故選D項。
17．A.something B．a(chǎn)nything
C．nothing D．everything
A　解析：這個9歲的女孩給了“我”她多年之后才會明白的東西，用于肯定句。故選A項。
18．A.otherwise B．however
C．besides D．therefore
B　解析：“我們”擁抱時誰都沒說話，然而“我”知道“我們”的心相遇而且還建立了一種聯(lián)系，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選B項。
19．A.connection B．contribution
C．conclusion D．decision
A　解析：此處指“我”和小女孩之間建立了一種聯(lián)系。connection聯(lián)系，關(guān)系；contribution貢獻(xiàn)；conclusion結(jié)論；decision決定。故選A項。
20．A.strength B．power
C．force D．energy
A　解析：任何年齡都不能限制一個人內(nèi)心的力量或他們所能給予的愛，指內(nèi)心的力量。故選A項。 strength力量；power權(quán)力；force武力；energy能量。
課時練2　2篇閱讀＋1篇七選五
＋1篇語法填空
[學(xué)生用書P361(單獨成冊)]
閱讀理解
A
(2020·滁州高三聯(lián)考)Laura Sides was a psychology major at the University of Nottingham in 2004. She first noticed signs of her dad’s developing dementia(癡呆) when she moved to Nottingham. She said, “Dad was a doctor, so he knew exactly what was happening to him, but people try to hide it when they are ill. Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and arranged to meet him, but he never showed up as he’d forgotten. That’s when I knew something serious was happening.”
So, aged 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself. She lived close by, popping in every day to make sure he was eating, and that the house was tidy, before heading off to her work.
Besides challenging moments, there were times when looking after her dad was a pure joy. “We’d wake up. I’d ask him what he wanted to do that day, and however ridiculous the adventure, off we’d go.”
Sadly, in 2009, 5 years later, Laura lost her father. Before he died, Laura went to a hospital appointment with him, where doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimer’s was genetic, meaning there was a fifty-fifty chance that she had inherited it. For several years Laura agonised over whether to be tested, finally finding out in August 2017 that she has the APP gene, meaning that, like him, she will develop the condition within a decade.
At first, she struggled, feeling as if she lacked purpose. Then, during a sleepless night in the summer of 2018, she decided at around 2 a．m. to enter the 2019 London Marathon sponsored by the charities Alzheimer’s Society and Alzheimer’s Research U．K.
She hoped to start the conversation around early-onset Alzheimer’s and to encourage people to talk about it more openly. “I remember when Dad was ill, people wouldn’t know how to react and it all felt very hidden away, but I want to be honest and open.” She added, “The more information we can get, the less of a taboo(忌諱) this will feel. That said, the support I’ve received so far after going public has been amazing—that’s what is carrying me through.”
【解題導(dǎo)語】　Laura Sides在讀大學(xué)期間，父親患上了阿爾茨海默病，她休學(xué)悉心照料父親直到他去世；后來她被醫(yī)生告知自己在十年后也會患上同樣的病。短暫的痛苦之后，她便振作了起來，積極面對生活，參加馬拉松比賽，并且進(jìn)行阿爾茨海默病方面的公開演講，鼓勵人們公開談?wù)撨@種病，而不是回避它。
1．Laura noticed her father’s dementia when ________.
A．her father told her his condition in person
B．people nearby informed her of her father’s condition
C．her father forgot his own birthday party
D．her father forgot to attend her 21-year-old birthday party
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Then, I came home for my 21st birthday...That’s when I knew something serious was happening.”可知，Laura的父親忘記參加女兒的21歲生日會，在那時Laura意識到父親已患病，故選D。
2．The underlined word “agonised” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．excited　　　　　　　 B．struggled
C．shocked D．delighted
B　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文中的“there was a fifty-fifty chance that she had inherited it”可知，醫(yī)生告知Laura，她有百分之五十的患病概率，并結(jié)合畫線詞所在句中的“whether to be tested”可知，此處表示Laura多年來苦苦思索是否去檢查一下，與B項詞義接近。
3．Laura started the open talk in the hope of ________.
A．getting people to talk about Alzheimer’s openly
B．earning some money to help treat her Alzheimer’s
C．making herself stronger to fight against Alzheimer’s
D．raising funds for charities Alzheimer’s Society and Alzheimer’s Research U．K.
A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞open talk定位到文章的最后一段。根據(jù)該段首句“She hoped to start the conversation around early-onset Alzheimer’s and to encourage people to talk about it more openly.”可知，作者公開談?wù)摪柎暮Ｄ∈菫榱斯膭钊藗児_談?wù)摯瞬。蔬xA。
4．Which words can best describe Laura?
A．Caring and positive. B．Careful and honest.
C．Patient and cautious. D．Devoted and modest.
A　解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，Laura在得知父親患阿爾茨海默病后休學(xué)來悉心照料他直至他去世，后來得知自己也會得阿爾茨海默病后，掙扎后便振作起來，先是決定參加馬拉松比賽，接著針對這種病進(jìn)行公開演講，鼓勵人們更加公開地談?wù)撍皇腔乇芩?。由此可知，作者是一個關(guān)心他人且積極向上的人，故選A。
B
(2020·太原一模)New Haven, Connecticut—A surprise awaited students in Yale who showed up for Professor Laurie Santos’s class. They got slips of paper that said, “No class today.” There was only one rule for the students’ unexpected free time—They were not allowed to study, but to relax. Since exams and papers were coming up, everyone was tired and stressed. At this moment they were touched. With around applause, nine students hugged Santos, and two burst into tears.
Yet, cancelling class was not just a break. It was also a challenge, as she was asking them to stop worrying about their grades, even if it was just an hour. One student went to the Yale University Art Gallery for the first time in her four years at Yale. A group of students went to a recording studio and played a new song. More people were outside, and more were smiling. That’s why about 1，200 students were taking Santos’s class, called “Psychology and the Good Life”， the largest class in Yale’s 317-year history. Even non-Yale students had the chance to take Santos’s class. It was offered as an online course and she immediately became an Internet hit.
Skyler Robinson, one of her students, was at a loss for a while about what to do during his break, and then decided to take a nap. “It was a great nap，” he commented. Santos designed the class after she realized that her students kept busy through long days that seemed far more depressing and joyless than her own college years. “They feel they’re in this crazy rat race. They’re working so hard that they can’t take a single hour off. That’s awful.”
The ideas behind the class are simple. Santos said, “It is the hope that science can help students find peace among all the stresses and difficulties they face at college.” The lessons include showing more gratitude, performing acts of kindness and increasing social connections. The students really wanted to learn to lead a happy life in a science-driven way. Santos also noted the psychological happening of “mis-wanting”， which led people to work towards the wrong goals in life.
One week, Santos asked students to exercise. Another week, she wanted them to get more sleep. They worked hard to keep some new habits. Social science research led to many new understandings of how people find happiness. She thinks her class can change Yale, or rather, not just Yale.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　耶魯大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授Laurie Santos取消課程，讓學(xué)生去放松。她這樣做是希望科學(xué)能幫助學(xué)生在大學(xué)里面對壓力和困難時找到平靜。
5．How did students respond to the cancelling class?
A．They expressed their concern.
B．They were at a loss what to do.
C．They showed gratitude to the teacher.
D．They were eager to study individually.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“At this moment they were touched. With around applause, nine students hugged Santos, and two burst into tears.”可知，學(xué)生得知取消課程這一消息后，非常感動，并且對老師表達(dá)了感激之情。故選C。
6．How can we know Santos’s class was popular?
A．From the attendance in her class.
B．From the subject she taught.
C．From the long history of Yale.
D．From the release of the online course.
A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“That’s why about 1，200 students were taking Santos’s class...the largest class in Yale’s 317-year history.”可知，Santos的這門課是耶魯大學(xué)有史以來出勤人數(shù)最多的一門課，由此可知她的課程非常受歡迎。故選A。
7．What can students learn from Santos’s class?
A．To develop good study habits.
B．To let exercise become their routine.
C．To better understand how to find happiness.
D．To do something joyful during the stressful time.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The students really wanted to learn to lead a happy life in a science-driven way.”和第五段中的“Social science research led to many new understandings of how people find happiness.”可推知，Santos的課程可以教學(xué)生們更好地理解如何尋找快樂。故選C。
8．What can we infer from the text?
A．Santos had a more stressful time in her college.
B．Students would be in rat race after Santos’s class.
C．Santos’s influence can reach a wider range of people.
D．Santos is going to cancel more classes for better effects.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“She thinks her class can change Yale, or rather, not just Yale.”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，Santos的課程不僅僅能影響耶魯大學(xué)，也能在其他地方產(chǎn)生影響。故選C。
七選五
(2020·大連高三雙基測試)Have you ever had times questioning yourself and feeling discouraged? If you answer yes, what you’ve experienced is negative selftalk. 1.________. You say to yourself untrue things like, “I’m not good enough. I’m a disappointment.” These false beliefs stop us in our tracks. So, how do you stop the negative selftalk?
?2.________
Know you’re special. You are “One of a kind！” There is no other person that thinks exactly like you. When you begin to sincerely believe how special you are, it’s easier to fight the negative selftalk.
?Change your associations
Your negative selftalk comes from your environment. You didn’t just accidentally wake up one day thinking of bad things about yourself. It may be because someone, somewhere in your life has told you negative things about you and whether you accept it or not, you believe them. However, if you surround yourself with the right people, they will build you up, inspire you and make you feel better. 3.________．
?Change your dialogue
Read and say all the wonderful things about yourself at least 5 times per day. Look at yourself in the mirror and say, “I am amazing！”4.________， and you’ll believe you are awesome pretty soon.
Of course, there are other things to stop negative selftalk. 5.________， but if you are determined to think positively in every situation, that will bring a positive change in your life.
A．Think the same way
B．Change is not easy
C．Change your position
D．It begins in your brain
E．Change your state of mind
F．You’ll seek out the right people to help change your thoughts
G．You’ll start to believe the great things they tell you little by little
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了如何停止消極的自我對話。
1．D　解析：空前一句是說如果你的答案是肯定的，那么你所經(jīng)歷的就是消極的自我對話?？蘸笫钦f你對自己說一些不真實的情況，由此可推知，D項“它始于你的大腦”銜接上下文，符合語境。
2．E　解析：根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和空處所處位置可知，空處為本段的小標(biāo)題。本段內(nèi)容都是在描述一個人好的心態(tài)的表現(xiàn)，故E項“改變你的心態(tài)”最能概括本段內(nèi)容。
3．G　解析：根據(jù)空前一句“然而，如果你結(jié)交了正確的人，他們會讓你振作起來，激勵你，讓你感覺更好”可知，G項“你會開始逐漸地相信他們告訴你的美好的事情”銜接上文，符合語境。
4．A　解析：空前一句是說看著鏡子中的自己對自己說“我太棒了！”，空后是說你很快就會相信你很棒，由此可知A項符合語境。
5．B　解析：空后表示“但如果你決心在任何情況下都積極思考，這將給你的生活帶來積極的改變”。其中but為表轉(zhuǎn)折意義的提示詞，故B項“改變并不容易”符合語境，銜接下文。
語法填空
(2020·安徽省示范高中模擬)Proper exercise is beneficial to our health. As the experts say, swimming is an excellent way to work your entire body. An hour of swimming 1.____________(burn) almost as many calories as running. There are a host of benefits you may gain from swimming 2.____________(regular)．
One of 3.____________ biggest benefits of swimming is that it truly works well from head to toe. It can not only increase your heart rate without 4.____________(stress) your body, but also build up your muscles and 5.____________(strong). Besides, swimming makes your heart and lung strong. It is so good for you that researchers say it may even reduce your risk of death. 6.____________(compare) with inactive people, 7.____________(swim) have about half the risk of death. Some other studies have shown that swimming may help lower blood pressure and control blood sugar.
The number of persons 8.____________ experience some level of insomnia(失眠癥) is increasing, so this is excellent news—the researchers conclude that swimming is a potentially powerful way to relieve stress quickly and promote deeper sleep.
Swimming is safe for most people. As with any workout, there are certain risks associated with swimming. If you 9.____________(injure) or have certain medical conditions, be sure to check with your doctor before swimming. 10.____________ general, it’s a good idea to check with your doctor whenever you start a new exercise program.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文。游泳運動和跑步燃燒的卡路里相當(dāng)，經(jīng)常游泳的人獲益良多，如可以增加心率，增強肌肉和力量，并能讓心肺功能增強。
1．burns　解析：考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：游泳一小時幾乎和跑步一小時燃燒的卡路里一樣多。根據(jù)句意可知，此句陳述的是一般事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時；且此句主語為“An hour of swimming”，屬于第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語動詞用burns。
2．regularly　解析：考查副詞。句意：經(jīng)常游泳你將獲益良多?？仗幮揎梽用~“swimming”，故用其副詞形式。
3．the　解析：考查冠詞。根據(jù)空后的“biggest”可知，空處應(yīng)用定冠詞the。
4．stressing　解析：考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)空前的介詞“without”可知，空處應(yīng)用動名詞形式。此處是說，游泳可以讓身體在不緊張的情況下提高心率。
5．strength　解析：考查名詞。此處是說，游泳還可以增強肌肉和力量。根據(jù)空前的“your muscle”可知，空處用名詞形式。
6．Compared　解析：考查非謂語動詞。此句的主語和動詞compare之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，表示“與不活躍的人相比”，故用其過去分詞形式。
7．swimmers　解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：與不活躍的人相比，游泳者只有大約一半的死亡風(fēng)險。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為此句的主語，表示“游泳者”，故用其名詞形式；且swimmer為可數(shù)名詞，而此處表示群體，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。
8．who/that　解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句為定語從句，空處應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞，在從句中作主語，先行詞為persons，故用who/that引導(dǎo)此定語從句。
9．a(chǎn)re injured　解析：考查被動語態(tài)。句意：如果你受傷或患某種疾病，在游泳前一定要咨詢醫(yī)生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句主語和動詞injure之間為被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。
10．In　解析：考查固定搭配。in general為固定搭配，意為“總的來說，通?！?。句意：通常，無論何時在開始新的鍛煉項目之前，向醫(yī)生核實一下是一個好方法。