[學(xué)生用書(shū)P203]
一、語(yǔ)基必備知識(shí)
(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯——分類(lèi)記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．fiction n． 小說(shuō)；虛構(gòu)的事
2．a(chǎn)buse vt. 虐待；辱罵；濫用
3．civil adj. 有教養(yǎng)的，有禮貌的；國(guó)民的，
平民的；公民的；民事的(非刑事的)
4．bent adj. 彎曲的；駝背的；不誠(chéng)實(shí)的
n. 天賦，愛(ài)好
5．millionaire n. 百萬(wàn)富翁
6．spit vt.& vi. 吐唾沫(表示憤怒或鄙視)；吐，唾(唾沫、食物等)
n. 唾液
7．wrap vt. 包，裹；圍，纏繞
8．a(chǎn)dore vt. 熱愛(ài)，喜愛(ài)，愛(ài)慕
9．spring vi. 突然出現(xiàn)；跳，蹦
10．characteristic n. 特征，特點(diǎn)
adj. 典型的，獨(dú)特的，特有的
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫(xiě)其形
1．desperate adj. 鋌而走險(xiǎn)的，拼命的，絕望
的；非常需要，渴望
2．vain adj. 虛榮的，自負(fù)的；徒勞的，
無(wú)結(jié)果的
3．theme n. 主題，主題思想；主題音樂(lè)
4．envelope n. 信封
5．rescue n．& vt. 救援，營(yíng)救
6．reputation n. 名譽(yù)，名聲
7．reform vt.& vi.& n．　(使)改過(guò)自新，改造；改革，改良
8．debt n. 債務(wù)，欠款
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．poetry n．詩(shī)歌→poet n．詩(shī)人
2．novelist n．小說(shuō)家→novel n．小說(shuō)
3．criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的→crime n．罪行，犯罪行為
4．tension n．緊張氣氛；緊張，煩躁；矛盾，對(duì)立→tense adj.令人緊張的；神經(jīng)緊張的；繃緊的
5．violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，強(qiáng)烈的→violence n．暴力，暴行→violently adv.強(qiáng)烈地，激烈地
6．resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵擋→resistant adj.有抵抗力的→resistance n．反抗，抵抗，抗拒
7．reunite vt.& vi.(使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再結(jié)合，再聯(lián)合→unite vi.& vt.聯(lián)合，團(tuán)結(jié)，統(tǒng)一，聯(lián)手→united adj.聯(lián)合的，統(tǒng)一的→unity n．團(tuán)結(jié)一致，聯(lián)合(體)，統(tǒng)一(體)
8．intend vt.& vi.打算，計(jì)劃，想要→intention n．意圖，目的，打算
9．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；寬厚的，仁慈的→generously adv.慷慨地；大方地→generosity n．慷慨，大方；寬宏大量

1.“主題”公園
①theme　　　　②subject
③issue ④topic
2．“信”相關(guān)詞集合
①envelope n. 信封
②stamp n. 郵票
③address vt. 寫(xiě)姓名地址
④post v. 寄出，郵寄
⑤mailbox n. 郵箱
⑥letter n. 書(shū)信
⑦post office 郵局
3.debt用法展示
①be in heavy debt＝be deep in debt　　　　　　 　負(fù)債累累
②in debt to sb.＝in sb.’s debt
欠某人的人情/債
③be/get out of debt
擺脫債務(wù)
④get into debt 負(fù)債
⑤pay off debt 還清債務(wù)
⑥owe sb. a debt 欠某人一筆債
4.“個(gè)性描述”常用形容詞
①generous　　　大方的，慷慨的
②mean 小氣的；吝嗇的
③warm-hearted 熱心腸的
④easy-going 脾氣溫和的
⑤gentle 溫和的，溫柔的
⑥selfless 無(wú)私的
⑦h(yuǎn)onest 誠(chéng)實(shí)的
⑧stubborn 固執(zhí)的
⑨open-minded 虛心的；思想開(kāi)明的
⑩cruel 殘酷的；殘忍的


(二)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
1．be_bent_on_(doing)_something　決心做某事(通常指壞事)
2．on_the_run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波
3．live_up_to 達(dá)到，符合(期望)
4．worn_out 破爛不堪的，廢舊的；精疲力盡的
5．come_to_one’s_rescue 救援某人，幫助某人
6．touch_on 談及，涉及
7．be_intended_to_be/do_something 目的是作為某物，目的是做某事
8．in_tune 音調(diào)準(zhǔn)確；演奏合調(diào)
9．give_away 泄露；出賣(mài)；分發(fā)
10．focus...on... 把……集中在……
11．let_out 　放大；泄露；發(fā)出
12．pick_up 撿起；獲得；學(xué)會(huì)
13．come_out 出版，發(fā)行
14．a(chǎn)t_a_time 每次
15．(be)_based_on 以……為基礎(chǔ)
16．be_set_in 以……為背景
17．have_nothing_to_do_with 與……沒(méi)關(guān)系
18．under_the_control_of 在……控制下
19．compare...to... 把……比作……
20．a(chǎn)ppeal_to 吸引；呼吁
21．consist_of 由……組成
22．be_adapted_from 由……改編




1.“be＋adj.＋on”短語(yǔ)薈萃
①be dependent on　依賴(lài)于
②be keen on 熱衷于
③be tough on 嚴(yán)格對(duì)待
④be bent on 決心……
⑤be based on 以……為基礎(chǔ)
⑥be hard on 對(duì)……苛刻
⑦be impressed on 對(duì)……印象深刻
2.“v.＋on”短語(yǔ)集錦
①touch on　　　涉及
②take on 雇用；呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)
③put on 上演；穿上
④hold on 不掛斷電話(huà)
⑤focus on 專(zhuān)注于
⑥concentrate on 專(zhuān)注于
⑦act on 對(duì)……起作用
⑧depend on 取決于
3.“控制，掌管”家族
①in control of　　 控制，掌管
②take control of 控制，掌控
③in charge of 掌管，控制
④in the charge of 由……掌管
⑤under the control of
在……控制下


(三)重點(diǎn)句式——背熟巧用

句型公式
教材原句
句型1：make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
This makes_them_difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.
對(duì)有些人來(lái)說(shuō)，讀經(jīng)典作品是困難的，因此它們經(jīng)常被擱置在書(shū)架上積滿(mǎn)了灰塵。
句型2：would rather do...than do...寧愿做……也不愿做……
Pip’s sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would_rather_die_than_see any harm come to Pip.
皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常辱罵他，但喬是個(gè)善良、淳樸的人，他寧愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何傷害。
句型3：can’t...too...越……越好，再……也不過(guò)分
A student can’t read too many books.
學(xué)生讀的書(shū)越多越好。
句型4：“get＋過(guò)去分詞”是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)或系表結(jié)構(gòu)
Oliver gets_arrested by the police and is taken to court.
奧利弗遭到警察逮捕并被送上法庭。

二、語(yǔ)境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．(2018·北京卷)A rescue(救援) worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.
2．Our company has a good reputation(名譽(yù)), solid strength and good after-sales service.
3．Caroline tore the envelope(信封) open to see what was inside.
4．I need to pay off all my debts(債務(wù)) before I leave the country.
5．The next morning, I received a call from the mother, saying that they couldn’t express how much my generous(慷慨的) act touched them.
6．If the package is wrapped(wrap) well, we usually assume the contents are also wonderful.
7．The survivors in the earthquake desperately(desperate) needed medical help, food and water.
8．The economic structure and policies established at that time should be reformed(reform)．
9．This program was set up with an intention(intend) of providing help to homeless people.
10．As a national treasure and a protected species, pandas are adored(adore) by people everywhere.
Ⅱ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．The two groups fought violently and many of them died, so the media were swift to condemn the violence．(violent)
2．Young people can improve their resistant skills by resisting negative peer pressure and dangerous situations.(resist)
3．Sun Zhiwei, a poet from Shanxi Province in the early Qing Dynasty, creates a great deal of excellent poetry/poem works.(poem)
4．People are generous to others in trouble, and they donate a lot of money to the victims in the fire generously．Their generosity moved us greatly.(generous)
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
on the run; be bent on; touch on; in tune; worn out
Mr. White is my uncle living in the countryside. When he was a child, he had a gift for music and always sang 1.in_tune. But his family was poor and most of his clothes were 2.worn_out. He couldn’t afford the fee and he dropped out of school. When 3.touching_on his dream, he said he would 4.be_bent_on earning much money to build a school in the village. Now, he is always 5.on_the_run every day, calling on all the villagers to work together to build a school for the children.
appeal to; be adapted from; be based on; come to one’s rescue; consist of; be set in
The film 6.is_adapted_from a famous novel which 7.is_based_on a true story. It 8.is_set_in African jungle and 9.appeals_to many people all over the world. The film is about a medical team 10.consisting_of three doctors, who 11.came_to Tom’s rescue. Tom was lost in the jungle on the way to an adventure. At last, Tom was rescued successfully.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．每天散步成了我的習(xí)慣。
I make_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk every day.
2．我寧愿待在家里看點(diǎn)書(shū)，也不愿意和他們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物。
I would_rather_do_some_reading at home than_go_shopping with them.
3．由于閱讀技巧很重要，你越關(guān)注它越好。
You can’t_pay_too_much_attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.
4．如果你不花那么多時(shí)間穿衣服，我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)到那里了。
If you hadn’t taken such a long time to_get_dressed,_we would be there now.
[學(xué)生用書(shū)P206]

desperate　adj.鋌而走險(xiǎn)的，拼命的，絕望的；非常需要，渴望
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①(廣東卷)The only reason a man would sell salt at a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.
②The unattended children are in desperate need of love and attention.
③The girl cut the rope desperately (desperate) in an attempt to free her feet.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我決定不在約翰走投無(wú)路的時(shí)候拋棄他。
I decided not to abandon John when he was in_such_a_desperate_position．

(1)be desperate for sth. 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
in desperate need of 非常需要
(2)desperately adv. 極其，非常
(3)desperation n. 絕望；鋌而走險(xiǎn)
in desperation 拼死，無(wú)可奈何地，不顧死活地
[佳句背誦] He was so desperate for a job that he would do anything.
他太想找份工作了，以至于什么事情都愿意做。
vain 　adj.虛榮的，自負(fù)的；徒勞的，無(wú)結(jié)果的
[能力提升]——完成句子
①我已經(jīng)非常努力地想找到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決方法，但是白費(fèi)力氣。
I have tried very hard to find_a_solution_to_the_problem，but_in_vain．
②他試圖按時(shí)完成任務(wù)，但沒(méi)有成功。
He made a_vain_attempt/effort to finish the task on time.
③我們的力量是如此微弱，以至于我們從地震中挽救家園的所有努力都白費(fèi)了。
Our power was so weak that all our efforts to save our homes from the earthquake were in_vain．

(1)a vain attempt/effort　 徒勞的嘗試/努力
in vain 徒勞地；無(wú)意義地
try in vain to do sth. 枉費(fèi)心機(jī)地試圖做某事
(2)vainly adv.　 徒勞地；不成功地；白費(fèi)力地
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散] 類(lèi)似in vain的短語(yǔ)還有：
①in case以防萬(wàn)一；②in peace和平地；
③in particular特別地；④in place在正確的位置；
⑤in return作為報(bào)答；⑥in time及時(shí)．
resist　v．抗拒；對(duì)抗；反抗；抵抗；忍住(一般用于否定式)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist taking(take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
②a.(2017·北京卷)The resistance(resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk.
b．Many young girls aren’t resistant(resist) to some delicious food, so they become fat.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
購(gòu)物時(shí)，人們常常忍不住買(mǎi)一些根本不需要的東西。
③When shopping, people often can’t_resist_buying something they don’t really need.(resist)
④When shopping, people often can’t_help_buying something they don’t really need.(help)

(1)resist doing sth.　　 反對(duì)做某事
can’t resist doing sth.＝can’t help doing sth.
無(wú)法抗拒做某事；
忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；反抗的，
抗拒的
resistance n. 抵抗；反對(duì)　
[佳句背誦] We should resist the temptation of junk food.
我們應(yīng)該抵制垃圾食品的誘惑。
[名師點(diǎn)津] resist表示“忍住”時(shí)，常與表示否定意義的can’t/can hardly/be not able to 連用；resist 后接v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，不接不定式。
rescue　n．& vi.& vt.救援，營(yíng)救
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team was_rescued (rescue) four days later.
②Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③要不是那個(gè)年輕人相救，落水的孩子早就沒(méi)命了。
The child who fell into the river would have died if the young man hadn’t come_to_his_rescue．

(1)rescue sb./sth.from　　　 從……拯救……
(2)come/go to sb.’s rescue 前來(lái)/去救某人
rescue workers 救援人員　
[佳句背誦] ①You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.　我正感到尷尬，你為我解了圍。
②“Never for a second did I doubt that my father would come to my rescue，” the boy said.
這個(gè)男孩說(shuō)：“我從沒(méi)懷疑過(guò)我父親會(huì)來(lái)救我?！?br /> intend　v．想要；打算；計(jì)劃
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I(mǎi) intended to_compare(compare) notes with a friend, but unfortunately he couldn’t spare me even one minute.
②We are happy to see that many laws intended(intend) for protecting the young kids from the bad effect of the Internet have been made.
③(陜西卷)Several companies have announced their intention(intend) to compete for the construction project.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)
④(普通表達(dá))The program was set up and it was_intended_to(目的是) help the homeless.
⑤(高級(jí)表達(dá))The program, intended_to_help_the_homeless,_was set up.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))
⑥(高級(jí)表達(dá)) The program was set up with_the_intention_of_helping_the_homeless．(intention )

(1)intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算讓某人做某事
(2)be intended for... 為……打算(或設(shè)計(jì))的
be intended to do... 目的是做……
(3)had intended to do sth.本打算做某事但沒(méi)有做成
(4)intention n. 意圖；目的；打算
with an/the intention of 打算……
　
[佳句背誦] I intend to take full advantage of this trip to buy the things we need.
我打算充分利用這次旅行來(lái)購(gòu)買(mǎi)我們所需的物品。
[名師點(diǎn)津] intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)可用來(lái)表示一件本來(lái)打算做而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做的事或者表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的設(shè)想或愿望， 含有某種惋惜之意。
be bent on (doing) sth.　決心做某事(通常指壞事)；一心想要做某事
[能力提升]——一句多譯
上學(xué)期，我期中考試得的分?jǐn)?shù)很低，我決心相信自己并且設(shè)法做出改變。
①Last term，after getting a low score in the middle exam, I was_bent_on_believing_in myself, and I tried to change.
②Last term，after getting a low score in the middle exam, I made_up_my_mind_to_believe_in myself，and I tried to change.
③Last term，after getting a low score in the middle exam，I decided/determined/was_determined_to_believe_in myself，and I tried to change.

(1)be determined to do sth.　　　 決心做某事
decide/determine to do sth. 決心做某事
make up one’s mind to do sth. 決心做某事
(2)bend one’s mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事　
[佳句背誦] They must be able to get absorbed in their subjects and is bent on doing it well.
他們一定能夠全身心地研究他們的課題并有決心把課題研究好。
live up to　達(dá)到，符合(期望)；不辜負(fù)；遵守(諾言)
[能力提升]——完成句子
①(陜西卷)我保證我一定不會(huì)辜負(fù)你的期望。
I am sure that I can perfectly live_up_to_your_expectations．
②我雖然不以疼痛為樂(lè)，但還可以忍受。
I don’t enjoy the pain，but I can live_with it.
③他們?cè)诖髮W(xué)里過(guò)著忙碌而又豐富多彩的生活。
They live_a_busy_and_colorful_life on the campus.

live on　　　　　　 以……為生；繼續(xù)存在
live out 活過(guò)；實(shí)踐；實(shí)現(xiàn)；住在外面
live with 忍受，容忍
live through 經(jīng)歷艱難或險(xiǎn)境而幸存
live a．..life 過(guò)著……的生活　
[佳句背誦] Had she lived up to her promise, she would have been admitted to Beijing University.
要是她遵守了她的諾言，她會(huì)被北京大學(xué)錄取了。

make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
(教材P2)This makes them difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.
對(duì)有些人來(lái)說(shuō)，讀經(jīng)典作品是困難的，因此它們經(jīng)常被擱置在書(shū)架上積滿(mǎn)了灰塵。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①He makes it a rule to_get (get) up at six every day.
②The boss made us work (work) for him 16 hours a day.
③The teacher made it known (know) that the meeting would take place next week.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
精通這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可能會(huì)讓我們更加有效地利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
④Mastering the technology makes_it_possible_for_us_to_use_the_Internet more effectively.(不定式作賓語(yǔ))
⑤Mastering the technology makes_it_possible_that_we_can_use_the_Internet more effectively.(從句作賓語(yǔ))

句中使用了“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。該句型中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主要由名詞、形容詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞不定式和過(guò)去分詞等充當(dāng)。
(1)“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋do”變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)do前要帶to。
(2)用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的是表示官銜、職位的名詞時(shí)，名詞前不加冠詞。
(3)make＋it＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(形容詞或名詞)＋從句或動(dòng)詞不定式中，it為形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是從句或動(dòng)詞不定式。　
[佳句背誦]
He couldn’t make himself heard because of the noise of the traffic.
因車(chē)輛噪音太大，他無(wú)法讓人聽(tīng)到他的聲音。
would rather do sth. than do sth.寧愿做某事也不愿做某事
(教材P3)Pip’s sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.
皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常辱罵他，但喬是個(gè)善良、淳樸的人，他寧愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何傷害。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①—What about going shopping this weekend?
—I’d rather not. I would rather stay(stay) at home.
②a.(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) I would rather you brought(bring) an appropriate gift when visiting your Chinese friend.
b．I’d rather you had_gone(go) to the party yesterday—it was so wonderful.
[能力提升]——同義句改寫(xiě)
Nowadays some teenagers would rather chat with strangers online than talk with their parents face to face.
③Nowadays some teenagers would_chat_with_strangers_online_rather_than_talk with their parents face to face.(would...rather than ...)
④Nowadays some teenagers prefer_to_chat_with_strangers_online_rather_than_talk with their parents face to face.(prefer...rather than...)

(1)would rather(not) do sth.寧愿(不)做某事
(2)would rather do sth. than do sth. (＝would do sth. rather than do sth.＝prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)寧愿做某事而不愿做某事　
(3)would rather后接從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：
①would rather sb./sth. did sth. (對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的虛擬)
②would rather sb./sth. had done sth. (對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬)
[佳句背誦] I would rather stare at a clear, star-filled sky than watch TV commercials.　我寧可凝視繁星滿(mǎn)天的晴朗夜空也不愿看電視廣告。
[名師點(diǎn)津] (1)使用would rather...than...句型時(shí)要注意平行結(jié)構(gòu)，即than的前后要用兩個(gè)同類(lèi)的詞或詞組，如兩個(gè)名詞、兩個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)等。
(2)牢記would rather后跟從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
[學(xué)生用書(shū)P209]

維度一　在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式
1．Seeing your picture，I couldn’t resist thinking (think) of the days which we spent together.
2．Smiling and laughing has actually been shown to relieve tension (tense) and stress.
3．I would rather he had_told (tell) me about the fact at that time.
4．She hurriedly dived from the bridge and rescued(rescue) the drowning child.
5．Since you can’t make the class understand what you say in English, you can make yourself understood in Chinese.(understand)
維度二　在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~
1．There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was bent on visiting all of them.
2．I was worn out after a day of shopping and soon fell asleep.
3．He stressed that students should live up to certain standards of behaviour.
4．The police made an appeal to the public to remain calm.
5．The TV serial is adapted from the well-known novel with the same title.
維度三　語(yǔ)境品詞(寫(xiě)出加黑詞匯在語(yǔ)境中的意義)
1．(2019·江蘇卷)Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics.特征
2．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a rescue team to look for them.營(yíng)救
3．The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune, while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money.意圖__打算
4．Unfortunately, historic American fiction is constantly being used as a stick to beat contemporary British writers with.小說(shuō)
5．They’d been married for nearly four years and they were desperate to have a baby.渴望
維度四　易錯(cuò)誤用(改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤)
1．Some glasses got breaking when we were moving house.breaking→broken
2．Let me now deal more fully with the important question that was touched earlier.在touched后加on
3．Paul doesn’t have to be made learn. He always works hard.在learn前加to
4．All the efforts he made were in a vain.__刪除a
5．I won’t buy a new pair of shoes for you until this pair wears out.wears→is_worn
6．You’d better seize this opportunity realizing your dream.realizing→to_realize
7．I intended to help him, but I was too busy at that moment.在第一個(gè)I后加had或help→have_helped
8．Judging from what he said and did, we can conclude that he was desperate of fame.of→for
維度五　完成句子
1．現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人對(duì)剪紙感興趣。
Nowadays, more and more people are_getting_interested_in paper-cutting.
2．Harry正要離開(kāi)，這時(shí)他注意到一個(gè)人跑出了房子。
Harry was on the point of leaving when_he_noticed_a_man_running out of the room.
3．如果你這樣做，你將名譽(yù)掃地并且失去所有的朋友。
If you do so, you_will__lose_your_reputation_and_all_your_friends．
4．如果大家愿意互相配合，難事也會(huì)變得容易。
A difficult task can_be_made_easier if people will work in with one another.
5．他不喜歡人們滿(mǎn)嘴食物地講話(huà)。
He dislikes_it when people speak with their mouths full of food.

提能一　語(yǔ)段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)補(bǔ)全短文，并背誦體會(huì)黑體部分用法)
Tom is a bookworm and he likes reading poetry, dramas and fictions especially 1.written(write) by famous novelists and authors. But he doesn’t like soap operas. Sometimes, he reads some novels containing criminal plots and chapters with tension. His aim is to be a 2.painter(paint) and a millionaire. He adores his father, 3.who is generous and kind of rigid sometimes. His father has 4.a good reputation. He is civil and always 5.lives(live) up to his promise. He is bent on 6.giving(give) some clothes and money to people in 7.rags(rag) and people in debt because of poverty. He resists 8.dealing(deal) with things with violence and is never afraid of criminal’s threat. When someone is in a dangerous situation, he is always ready to come to his rescue. When he touches on his future aims, he 9.is_intended(intend) to do more things for the whole society. People all believe that his efforts and kindness will not be 10.in vain.
提能二　話(huà)題寫(xiě)作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)寫(xiě)滿(mǎn)分作文)
1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請(qǐng)用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①M(fèi)r. Black，一位聲望很高的小說(shuō)家，寫(xiě)了很多小說(shuō)和詩(shī)歌。
Mr. Black，a novelist of_high_reputation，has written a_lot_of_fiction_and_poetry．
②他的一些作品是肥皂劇，而一些作品涉及那些整天忙忙碌碌的人的生活。
Some of his works are soap operas while others touch_on_the_life_of_people. They are on_the_run every day.
③作品的主題多是以抵制暴力、對(duì)他人慷慨有禮貌、不對(duì)未來(lái)絕望、積極改革為基礎(chǔ)。
The theme of his works is_based_on_resisting_violence，being generous and civil to others，not being_desperate_for the future and reforming_actively．
④他的作品給人以全新的感覺(jué)，使讀者都非常喜愛(ài)它們。
His works give people a_brand_new_feeling，making_readers_adore_them．
2．升級(jí)平淡句
⑤用定語(yǔ)從句升級(jí)句②
Some_of_his_works_are_soap_operas_while_others_touch_on_the_life_of_people_who_are_on_the_run_every_day.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯：generally speaking, all in all)
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One possible version：
Mr. Black, a novelist of high reputation, has written a lot of fiction and poetry.Some of his works are soap operas while others touch on the life of people who are on the run every day.
Generally speaking, the theme of his works is based on resisting violence, being generous and civil to others, not being desperate for the future and reforming actively.All in all，his works give people a brand new feeling, making readers adore them.

課時(shí)練1　2篇閱讀＋1篇完形
[學(xué)生用書(shū)P391(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))]
閱讀理解
A
(2020·蕪湖高三月考)

I realized something this morning. I have been writing now for 34 years. It all started when I was just 18 years old. As a boy I had read literally hundreds of books. I had a thirst for knowledge that seemingly could never fade. Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it, but as any writer tells you once the ideas awaken inside of you they won’t leave you alone until you write them down. I didn’t have a computer, word processor, or even a typewriter. Still, I grabbed a pen and lined notebook paper and wrote everything that was burning inside of me.
When I was done I didn’t know how to share it. There was no Internet back then, no smart phones, and no social media. I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written. He was a good man full of both wisdom and kindness. He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write. I continued to write new articles each week and shared them first with other local papers and later online as well. Years later at the urging of my readers I even self-published two collections of my stories in book form.
Through my writing I slowly became more than I was. In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well. I also found that we all are writers whether we put pen to paper or not. With every choice we make, with every thought we hold, and with everything we do, we are writing our own life story.
Lance Wubbels once wrote：“I hope you realize your life is truly your life. It belongs to you. It is your story to write with love. Day by day, line by line, write it well.”
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了自己從熱愛(ài)閱讀到成為一名作家的經(jīng)歷。從這個(gè)過(guò)程中，作者認(rèn)識(shí)到了寫(xiě)作的意義，并感悟到人生就像寫(xiě)作，每個(gè)人都要用心書(shū)寫(xiě)自己的人生故事。
1．As a boy, when the author found he had something to share, ________．
A．he wrote it down
B．he ignored it
C．he shared it on social media
D．he told it to a writer
A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it...wrote everything that was burning inside of me.”可知，作者一開(kāi)始想忽略?xún)?nèi)心的想法，但是后來(lái)還是寫(xiě)了下來(lái)。故選A。
2．How did the author begin his writing career?
A．He was hired as a newspaper editor.
B．He put his stories online by himself.
C．He self-published two books.
D．He was helped by a local newspaper editor.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written.” 及“He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write.”可知，作者是在當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙的一位編輯的幫助下開(kāi)始了自己的寫(xiě)作事業(yè)。故選D。
3．What does the author think of writing?
A．Writing takes practice and efforts.
B．Writing can benefit oneself and others.
C．Writing helps people tell right from wrong.
D．Only with a pen can one write his life story.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well.”可知，作者在自己的作品中，遇到了最好的自己，發(fā)現(xiàn)了所有的人身上都有的善良和光明，還找到了偉大的愛(ài)和歡樂(lè)，并鼓勵(lì)別人也選擇愛(ài)和歡樂(lè)。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為寫(xiě)作利己利人。故選B。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Way to Be a Writer
B．A Way to Share Ideas
C．Living Is Writing
D．Writing Is the Source of Love
C　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。從全文的內(nèi)容可知，作者講述了自己從熱愛(ài)閱讀到成為一名作家的經(jīng)歷；再結(jié)合最后一段，作者引用了Lance Wubbels的名言表達(dá)自己對(duì)寫(xiě)作的感悟可知，從這個(gè)過(guò)程中，作者認(rèn)識(shí)到寫(xiě)作的意義，并感悟到人生就像寫(xiě)作，每個(gè)人都要用心書(shū)寫(xiě)自己的人生故事。故選C。
B
(2020·重慶七校聯(lián)考)J．K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day.Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement.
She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey.
He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadn’t found a level of financial stability that allowed him to pay bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The family also doesn’t have the Internet or TV, which means there’s no “digital babysitter” and he has to rely on his own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.
Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties, but he’s loving reading them now. “We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud，” Burke explains. “This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun.”
After hearing Burke’s story, Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was a part of his family’s life and offered Burke more books. Besides, people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了英國(guó)著名作家J.K. Rowling的作品對(duì)一個(gè)單親家庭的影響。
5．Why did Burke thank J．K.Rowling according to the text?
A．She guided him how to write a good story.
B．She encouraged him when he was in trouble.
C．Her books helped him through times of confusion.
D．Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey.”可知，單身父親Burke感謝J. K. Rowling是因?yàn)樗墓げㄌ叵盗袇矔?shū)幫助他改善了他與女兒之間的關(guān)系，故選D。
6．What is implied in Burke’s words in Paragraph 4?
A．He has found it interesting to read the series.
B．He was too old to understand the series better.
C．He has chosen a better way of reading the series.
D．He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)對(duì)第四段的整體理解，尤其是最后一句中的“which has proven to be a ton of fun”可推知，Burke認(rèn)為朗讀這些系列叢書(shū)很有趣，故選A。
7．Which word can best describe Burke’s experience according to the text?
A．Unique.　　　　　　　 B．Normal.
C．Precious. D．Funny.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.”可推知，對(duì)Burke來(lái)講，這種經(jīng)歷是非常珍貴的，故選C。
8．What is the main idea of this text?
A．J.K.Rowling chooses to help improve kids’ health.
B．J.K.Rowling gives a magical gift to a single father.
C．J.K.Rowling has a deep influence on others’ growth.
D．Burke comes to know J．K.Rowling through her series.
B　解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了著名作家J.K. Rowling的作品所具有的魅力——幫助一位單身父親改善了與其女兒的關(guān)系，故選B。
完形填空
(2020·福建質(zhì)量檢查測(cè)試)Every year, the fifth graders at Brookstone Elementary School went on a field trip to Washington, D．C. Terence __1__ the exciting trip, and was __2__ to go the next year.
Terence asked his parents __3__ if they would pay for half of the trip if he earned the other half of the money himself. His parents __4__. He had almost a year to earn $150. His first __5__ was to earn money by babysitting, and he typed a nice letter __6__ that “he would babysit during his neighbors’ __7__”. He named a few afternoons available and said he would __8__ $1 per hour per child. After five babysitting __9__， he earned $45.
When the __10__ weather arrived, Terence knocked on his neighbors’ doors to ask if they needed help with __11__ work. He helped with mowing(修剪) and weeding gardens. After the summer was over, he earned $75. When the fall arrived, he counted his money and __12__ that he still needed $30 for his trip. Soon his mom saw a(n) __13__ for a job for him. He got a job __14__ newspapers every Wednesday afternoon, making 5 cents for every paper, $10 __15__ each Wednesday. It wasn’t long before he had __16__ money to go on the trip to Washington, D．C. He was __17__ in time. The class trip was on October 15. His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they __18__ him. What a great feeling! He helped __19__ the cost of his trip.
This experience __20__ Terence in many ways, making his dream a reality with great efforts.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇記敘文。小學(xué)生Terence非?？释トA盛頓進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)查旅行，他希望自己掙一半旅費(fèi)，另一半由父母資助。父母答應(yīng)后，他通過(guò)幫鄰居照看小孩、修剪花園和給花園除雜草等工作攢夠了錢(qián)。
1．A.prepared for B．laid out
C．referred to D．heard about
D　解析：根據(jù)第一句可知，每年Terence所在學(xué)校的五年級(jí)學(xué)生都要去華盛頓進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)查旅行；結(jié)合該句中的“to go the next year”可知，Terence應(yīng)該是聽(tīng)說(shuō)了(heard about)這個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的旅行，就渴望(dying)來(lái)年也去。
2．A.dying B．grateful
C．lucky D．proud
A　
3．A.curiously B．casually
C．a(chǎn)nxiously D．briefly
C　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，Terence渴望去華盛頓進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)查旅行；又結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示Terence急切地問(wèn)他的父母是否愿意支付他一半的旅行費(fèi)用。C項(xiàng)意為“急切地，渴望地”，故C項(xiàng)正確。
4．A.submitted B．a(chǎn)greed
C．bargained D．refused
B　解析：根據(jù)下文可知，他有近一年的時(shí)間去掙150美元；又根據(jù)下文中的“His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they ______ him.”可知，他的父母同意(agreed)為他支付一半的旅行費(fèi)用。
5．A.idea B．job
C．conclusion D．suggestion
A　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“to earn money by babysitting” “typed a nice letter”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，他的第一個(gè)主意(idea)就是通過(guò)代人臨時(shí)照看孩子來(lái)掙錢(qián)，并打印了一封信，信上說(shuō)(saying)鄰居不在(absence)時(shí)他可以幫他們照看孩子。
6．A.declaring B．confirming
C．showing D．saying
D　
7．A.stay B．company
C．interaction D．a(chǎn)bsence
D　
8．A.pay B．spend
C．charge D．donate
C　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“$1 per hour per child”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，Terence幫鄰居照看孩子的收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是每個(gè)孩子每小時(shí)一美元。C項(xiàng)意為“收費(fèi)，開(kāi)價(jià)”，故C項(xiàng)正確。
9．A.negotiations B．sessions
C．a(chǎn)ttempts D．interviews
B　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在幫助鄰居照看五次孩子后，他賺了45美元。B項(xiàng)意為“一段時(shí)間”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。
10．A.warm B．fine
C．unusual D．changeable
A　解析：根據(jù)下文“He helped with mowing(修剪) and weeding gardens.”可知，該處指當(dāng)溫暖的(warm)天氣來(lái)臨時(shí)，他敲鄰居們的門(mén)問(wèn)是否需要幫忙做院子(yard)里的工作。
11．A.yard B．paper
C．school D．volunteer
A　
12．A.admitted B．determined
C．complained D．insisted
B　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“he still needed $30 for his trip”和語(yǔ)境可知，數(shù)過(guò)錢(qián)后，他算出還需要30美元。determine“準(zhǔn)確算出”符合語(yǔ)境。
13．A.directory B．permit
C．a(chǎn)dvertisement D．email
C　解析：根據(jù)下文中他開(kāi)始送報(bào)紙，并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，很快他的媽媽看到一個(gè)廣告(advertisement)，為他找到了一份工作。A項(xiàng)意為“名錄，電話(huà)簿”；B項(xiàng)意為“許可證”。
14．A.editing B．updating
C．printing D．delivering
D　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“newspapers every Wednesday afternoon, making 5 cents for every paper”可知，他得到了一份在每周三下午送(delivering)報(bào)紙的工作，每份報(bào)紙掙5美分，每周三總共(in total)掙10美元。
15．A.at once B．on time
C．a(chǎn)fter all D．in total
D　
16．A.extra B．much
C．enough D．easy
C　解析：根據(jù)上文描述的他還需要30美元和他每周三送報(bào)紙掙10美元可知，不久他就有足夠的(enough)錢(qián)去華盛頓旅行了。
17．A.just B．even
C．ever D．still
A　解析：根據(jù)下文“The class trip was on October 15.”可推知，秋天時(shí)他賺夠了錢(qián)，正好趕上旅行。A項(xiàng)意為“正好”，故A項(xiàng)正確。
18．A.owed B．lent
C．promised D．ordered
C　解析：根據(jù)上文他的父母同意給他出一半的錢(qián)可知，此處表示他的父母給了之前向他承諾的150美元的支票。C項(xiàng)意為“承諾”，故C項(xiàng)正確。
19．A.count B．cover
C．estimate D．reduce
B　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，他掙了150美元，他的父母又給他150美元，所以他攢夠了足以支付自己旅行的費(fèi)用。B項(xiàng)意為“足以支付，夠付”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。
20．A.astonished B．shaped
C．excited D．impressed
B　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，這段經(jīng)歷在很多方面塑造了(shaped) Terence，他以巨大的努力使自己的夢(mèng)想成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。
課時(shí)練2　2篇閱讀＋1篇七選五
＋1篇語(yǔ)法填空
[學(xué)生用書(shū)P393(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))]
閱讀理解
A
(2020·安徽省示范高中模擬)Author Walter Dean Myers died at the age of 76 after a brief illness. Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards.
The prolific author was loved for his vivid description of the lives of African American children, and for writing books for young people that covered different subjects. “Myers has written about all those subjects with deep understanding and a hard-won, qualified sense of hope，” said Leonard S. Marcus in 2008.
He was born in 1937 and was adopted by Florence Dean and Herbert after his mother died while giving birth to his younger sister. They loved him very much and his mother read to him from a very young age. Reading pushed him to discover worlds beyond his landscape.
He began writing at an early age. He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him. “It’s what you do，” she said.
He dropped out of high school at 17 and joined the army. After finishing his service, he entered a dark period in his life. Myers began writing at night to pull himself through that miserable time.
In an essay published in The New York Times earlier this year, Myers described how a short story by James Arthur Baldwin helped change the course of his life. “I didn’t love the story, but I was lifted by it，” he wrote, “for it took place in Harlem, and it was a story concerned with black people like those I knew. By humanizing the people who were like me, Baldwin’s story also humanized me. The story gave me a permission that I didn’t know I needed, the permission to write about my own landscape, my own map.”
“I write books for the troubled boy I once was，” he wrote, “and for the boy who lives within me still.”
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了美國(guó)著名作家Walter Dean Myers的生平。
1．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A．How popular Myers was.
B．How Myers became successful.
C．What makes Myers’ works popular.
D．What people think of Myers’ works.
C　解析：段落大意題。通讀該段可知，該段首句“The prolific author...covered different subjects.”為該段主題句，結(jié)合該段其他內(nèi)容可知，這位多產(chǎn)的作家因其對(duì)非裔美國(guó)兒童生活的生動(dòng)描述，以及為年輕人寫(xiě)的涉及不同話(huà)題的書(shū)籍而深受喜愛(ài)。由此可知，該段主要介紹了他的作品受歡迎的原因，故C項(xiàng)正確。
2．Who discovered Myers’ writing talent?
A．James Arthur Baldwin.
B．His mother.
C．Leonard S. Marcus.
D．One of his teachers.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him.”可知，他在高中時(shí)寫(xiě)作就很好，一位英語(yǔ)老師認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)并建議他無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事都要堅(jiān)持寫(xiě)下去。據(jù)此可知，他的寫(xiě)作天賦是他的一位老師發(fā)現(xiàn)的，故D項(xiàng)正確。
3．What does the underlined word “prolific” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Productive.　　　　　 B．Unfortunate.
C．Conservative. D．Humorous.
A　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards.”可知，Walter Dean Myers 寫(xiě)了100多本兒童和年輕人讀物，并獲得了許多最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。由此可推知，他是一位多產(chǎn)的作家。productive意為“多產(chǎn)的”，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“不幸的”，C項(xiàng)意為“守舊的”，D項(xiàng)意為“幽默的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。
4．Why was the short story by James Arthur Baldwin so important for Myers?
A．It helped him survive the dark period.
B．It inspired him to pursue his writing career.
C．He learned many writing techniques from it.
D．The author of the story permitted him to write.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句中的“how a short story...the course of his life”以及最后一句“The story gave me a permission that I didn’t know I needed, the permission to write about my own landscape, my own map.”可知，Baldwin寫(xiě)的故事鼓勵(lì)了Myers追求他自己的寫(xiě)作事業(yè)，故B項(xiàng)正確。
B
(2020·重慶質(zhì)量抽測(cè))Would a faster reading speed mean that we could learn more? Some people claim that it’s possible. In July last year, the six-time speed reading champion Anne Jones sat down to read Harper Lee’s Go Set a Watchman. Just 25 minutes and 31 seconds later, she finished it—which equals a reading rate of around 3，700 words per minute. Jones runs training courses teaching speed reading, recall and concentration techniques and there are numerous speed reading apps that have appeared on the market over the past few years. But do they actually work?
First, we need to understand how we read. The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability. Read over that sentence again, and think about how your eyes scan across the words. They don’t move smoothly over them. Instead, they make a series of short, sharp jumps, skipping over a few characters before briefly landing on a word. The movements are known as saccades(掃視) and the pauses are called fixations.
Reading isn’t just about seeing the words—you need to comprehend them to build up a picture about what the text means. People are able to get through a block of text faster, but at the cost of accuracy and understanding. In other words, if you use a speed reading app, then you’ll probably get the gist(主旨) of a piece of text, but you’ll struggle to recall details about what you’ve just read.
So, does speed reading work? Well, yes and no. It really depends on what you’re reading and why you need to read it. As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a trade-off．
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了快速閱讀有一定作用。雖然快速閱讀能掌握文章的主旨，但是回憶細(xì)節(jié)還需要時(shí)間。
5．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Speed reading is bad at times.
B．Speed reading is a waste of time.
C．Speed reading can work sometimes.
D．Speed reading is always enjoyable.
C　解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段尾句“But do they actually work？”可知，本文第一段對(duì)快速閱讀是否有用提出疑問(wèn)；接著第二段介紹了閱讀能力與眼睛運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)有關(guān)，結(jié)合第三段尾句可知，使用速讀應(yīng)用程序你很可能掌握主旨大意，但是文章細(xì)節(jié)不一定能掌握。據(jù)此可推知，快速閱讀有時(shí)是有用的，故C項(xiàng)正確。
6．What can we know from the passage?
A．Reading apps ensure us to read much faster.
B．Fast reading makes us learn more knowledge.
C．Reading is no more than seeing the text words.
D．Reading ability is related to the eye movement system.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability.”可知，人的眼睛運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)對(duì)我們的閱讀能力很重要，故D項(xiàng)正確。
7．What does the underlined word “trade-off” most probably mean in the last paragraph?
A．Balance.　　　　　　　 B．Change.
C．Business. D．Bargain.
A　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段尾句“As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a trade-off．”可知，到目前為止，還沒(méi)有一種技巧可以讓你既快速又準(zhǔn)確地閱讀一篇文章——這總要一種平衡。據(jù)此可推知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞意為“平衡”，故A項(xiàng)正確。
8．What might the writer continue to talk about?
A．The advantages of faster or slower reading.
B．The reasons why to do faster or slower reading.
C．The cases where to do faster and slower reading.
D．The methods for making use of faster or slower reading.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段尾句“As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a trade-off．”可知，到目前為止，還沒(méi)有一種技巧可以讓你既快速又準(zhǔn)確地閱讀一篇文章——這總要一種平衡；據(jù)此可推知，本文接下來(lái)可能闡述在什么情況下進(jìn)行速讀以及在什么情況下進(jìn)行慢讀，故C項(xiàng)正確。
七選五
(2020·陜西部分學(xué)校摸底檢測(cè)) Learning to set goals plays an important role as your child starts to gain independence. However, setting goals doesn’t come naturally to your child, so helping him to learn the process should probably be one of your goals.
Explain the word “goal”. Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer, but he may not understand what it means in everyday life. 1.________
Listen to your child. Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are. 2.________ Let him talk about what he thinks he does well and what he thinks he needs to improve. If he’s stuck, you can provide some examples of your own personal goals.
Help keep goals achievable. Don’t throw cold water on your child. 3.________ For example, if your child wants to be a champion swimmer, but can’t swim an entire lap of the pool yet, you can suggest he start by making that his first goal.
4．________ Help your child write down his goals in an easy-to-follow form. Being able to see and check off the steps on the way to his goal is key in keeping him motivated. A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯級(jí)). 5.________
A．Change goals every so often.
B．Make a visual goal reminder.
C．Don’t always tell him what you think.
D．He’s climbing to the top as he gets closer to his goal.
E．You can take sports as an example to help explain it to him.
F．Once he has set up a goal, he may find it very difficult to achieve it.
G．When a goal is beyond his reach, help him break it down into smaller pieces.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　學(xué)會(huì)制定目標(biāo)在孩子獲得獨(dú)立上起著重要的作用，本文給出了一些幫助孩子設(shè)定目標(biāo)的建議。
1．E　解析：根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題和空前的“Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer”可知，在孩子不知道目標(biāo)在日常生活中意味著什么時(shí)，可以通過(guò)運(yùn)動(dòng)的例子來(lái)解釋什么是目標(biāo)。故選E。
2．C　解析：根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題和空前一句“Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are.”可知，要傾聽(tīng)孩子，讓孩子決定他自己的目標(biāo)是什么。故C項(xiàng)“不要總是告訴他你的想法”符合語(yǔ)境。
3．G　解析：根據(jù)下文的例子“if your child wants to be a champion swimmer, but can’t swim an entire lap of the pool yet, you can suggest he start by making that his first goal”可知，當(dāng)孩子的目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的時(shí)候，可以幫助他把目標(biāo)分解成一些更小的目標(biāo)來(lái)完成。故選G。
4．B　解析：根據(jù)空處所在位置及文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為段落小標(biāo)題，再結(jié)合本段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講建立一個(gè)能夠看得到的目標(biāo)提醒物。故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
5．D　解析：根據(jù)空前一句“A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯級(jí))．”可知，當(dāng)孩子爬到了頂點(diǎn)，也就接近了目標(biāo)，故選D。
語(yǔ)法填空
(2020·重慶七校聯(lián)考)Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on 1.____________(sun) weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts(煙頭) 2.____________ (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.
One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3.____________(tour)who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 4.____________ it should stay—the trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5.____________ pretend that it’s not there.
The dogs or the fish are not blame 6.____________ it. It’s our fault and we must blame 7.____________ (we)．Everyone has to do his or her part 8.____________(solve) this problem. It can’t be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More 9.____________ (important), we need to start now before the beaches 10.____________(damage) beyond repair.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要討論了海灘污染的問(wèn)題。
1．sunny　解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾名詞一般用形容詞，故用形容詞sunny修飾其后的名詞weekends。
2．buried　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，bury和其邏輯主語(yǔ)cigarette butts 構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
3．tourists　解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。結(jié)合定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞who可知，此處的先行詞為表示人的名詞，且定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)，故用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。
4．where　解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞the place，故填where。
5．but　解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處前后存在邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用連詞but。
6．for　解析：考查介詞。此處考查固定詞組be to blame for sth.“對(duì)某事負(fù)有責(zé)任”，故用介詞for。
7．ourselves　解析：考查代詞。與句子主語(yǔ)we呼應(yīng)，此處應(yīng)用反身代詞ourselves作動(dòng)詞blame的賓語(yǔ)。
8．to solve　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式，表目的。
9．importantly　解析：考查副詞。副詞一般修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞，甚至整個(gè)句子，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。故用副詞importantly，修飾整個(gè)句子。
10．a(chǎn)re damaged　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，damage和主語(yǔ)the beaches之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)該句中的“need”可知，此處敘述一般的情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。


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