1．Actually, only by getting moving and constantly adjusting the plan can we achieve our final goal.
事實(shí)上，只有不斷地行動(dòng)，不斷地調(diào)整計(jì)劃，我們才能達(dá)到我們的最終目標(biāo)。
2．Whenever we talk about the Dragon Boat Festival, we can't help thinking of Qu Yuan, a great patriotic poet in the Warring States Period.
每當(dāng)提到端午節(jié)，我們都情不自禁想到屈原，戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期一個(gè)偉大的愛國詩人。
3．When it comes to great educators, Confucius should be put in the first place, who was a famous thinker, educator and philosopher in Chinese history, adding colourful elements to Chinese culture.
談到偉大的教育家，孔子應(yīng)該排在首位，他是中國歷史上一位著名的思想家、教育家和哲學(xué)家，豐富了中華燦爛的文明。
4．As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.
至于我最喜歡的中國歷史人物，那一定是魏源，晚清時(shí)期一個(gè)偉大的思想家。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心單詞
(1)quality (n.) 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)→quantity (形近詞) (n.) 數(shù)量
(2)active (adj.) 積極的；活躍的→actively (adv.) 積極地→activity (n.) 活動(dòng)
(3)devote (vt.) 獻(xiàn)身；專心于→devoted (adj.) 忠實(shí)的；深愛的→devotion (n.) 關(guān)愛；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠
(4)vote (vt.& vi.) 投票；選舉 (n.) 投票；選票；表決→voter (n.) 投票人；選舉人
(5)attack (vt.) 進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊 (n.) 攻擊；抨擊；疾病發(fā)作→attach (形近詞) (vt.) 把……附(在……上)；重視
(6)equal (adj.) 相等的；平等的→equality (n.) 平等；相等→equally (adv.) 同樣地；相等地；公平地→unequal (adj.) 不平等的；不公平的
(7)escape (vt.& vi.) 逃脫；逃走；避開；泄漏→escaped (adj.) 逃跑了的
(8)educate (vt.) 教育；訓(xùn)練→educated (adj.) 受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的→education (n.) 教育→educator (n.) 教育工作者→educational (adj.) 教育的；有關(guān)教育的
(9)beg (vi.) 請(qǐng)求；乞求→begged (過去式/過去分詞)→beggar (n.) 乞丐
(10)reward (n.) 報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金 (vt.) 酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞→rewarding (adj.) 值得的；有益的；有回報(bào)的
(11)opinion (n.) 意見；看法；主張
Ⅱ　閱讀單詞
(1)mean (adj.) 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的
(2)found (vt.) 建立；建設(shè)
(3)peaceful (adj.) 和平的；平靜的；安寧的
(4)hopeful (adj.) 懷有希望的；有希望的
(5)violence (n.) 暴力；暴行
(6)unfair (adj.) 不公正的；不公平的
(7)relative (n.) 親戚；親屬
(8)terror (n.) 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)
(9)cruelty (n.) 殘忍；殘酷
(10)president (n.) 總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長；校長；行長

　[單句語法填空]
1.I believe my ________ (educate) and experience will prove I am qualified for the work in your company.
答案：education
2．Fortunately, Natalie's family ________ (escape) to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridges closed.
答案：escaped

3．It was by ________ (vote) that they made the decision who would be the vice president of the English club in our school.
答案：voting
4．Parents should ________ (active) urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
答案：actively
5．To be honest, there are many learned teachers who are always ________ (devote) to their teaching work in our school.
答案：devoted
6．She hoped the different racial groups in the area could live together in ________ (peace) co-existence.
答案：peaceful
7．Under his teacher's ________ (guide), he has developed into an accomplished pianist.
答案：guidance
8．Learning to deal with the social world is ________ (equal) important.
答案：equally
9．Whenever people around got into trouble, they were ________ (will) to turn to her for help, which made her into a person respected by all her neighbors.
答案：willing
10．The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK$25,000 and ________ (sentence) to up to 3 years in prison.
答案：sentenced

聯(lián)想積累
1．表示“人物特點(diǎn)”的形容詞全掃描
①active 積極的；活躍的
②generous 慷慨的
③warm-hearted 熱心腸的
④creative 富有創(chuàng)造力的
⑤devoted 有獻(xiàn)身精神的
⑥energetic 有活力的
⑦enthusiastic 充滿熱情的
⑧ambitious 有雄心壯志的
2．后綴“-ent”形容詞與“-ence”名詞大集合
①violent 暴力的　violence 暴力
②silent 沉默的　silence 沉默
③different 不同的　difference 差異
④patient 有耐心的　patience 耐心
⑤confident 自信的　confidence 信心
⑥evident 明顯的　evidence 證據(jù)
⑦intelligent 聰明的　intelligence 智力
⑧independent 獨(dú)立的　independence 獨(dú)立


1．out_of_work 失業(yè)
2．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact 事實(shí)上
3．in_trouble 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中
4．turn_to 求助于
5．lose_heart 喪失勇氣或信心
6．come to power 上臺(tái)；當(dāng)權(quán)
7．set up 建立；設(shè)立
8．be sentenced to 被判處……(徒刑)
9．blow up 使充氣；爆炸
10．in one's opinion 在某人看來

　[選詞填空]
devote to， in trouble， turn to， lose heart， set up， as a matter of fact
1．He was a loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was ________.
答案：in trouble
2．I feel that I've been given a second life to ________ something that is meaningful and enormous.
答案：devote to
3．In 1963 the UN ________ the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
答案：set up
4．I still want to have my parents to ________ whenever I need help.
答案：turn to
5．You shouldn't________ even if you are in the face of difficulty. Instead, you should keep trying.
答案：lose heart
6．________， doing sports can teach us to be considerate, cooperative and optimistic.
答案：As a matter of fact

聯(lián)想積累
1．“動(dòng)詞＋to”短語薈萃
①devote ... to 致力于；獻(xiàn)身于?、趏bject to 反對(duì)
③refer to 談到；涉及；參閱 ④point to 指向
⑤turn to 求助于
⑥stick/hold/keep to 堅(jiān)持；忠于
⑦see to 處理；料理 ⑧come to 共計(jì)
⑨belong to 屬于
⑩attend to 處理；專心于；照料
?add to 增添 ?agree to 同意
2．“out of＋名詞”短語大全
①out of work 失業(yè)
②out of breath 上氣不接下氣
③out of condition 身體不好；情況欠佳
④out of control 失去控制
⑤out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn)
⑥out of date 過時(shí)的
⑦out of debt 不欠債
⑧out of luck 運(yùn)氣不好；不湊巧
⑨out of mind 心不在焉
⑩out of order 次序紊亂；損壞了



課文原句
句式梳理
仿寫訓(xùn)練
I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我感覺很糟。
the first time “第一次”，可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。every time/each time“每一次”，也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
______________________________________ (第一次遇見) the craftsman, I was deeply impressed by his exquisite craftsmanship.

答案：The first time I came across

直擊重點(diǎn) 突破考點(diǎn)

①devote　vt. 獻(xiàn)身；專心于(P33)

(1)單句語法填空
①In fact, my granny devoted most of her time ________ paper-cutting when young.
②________ (devote) to building our motherland into a strong country, he returned home after graduation.
③We were deeply moved by his ________ (devote) to the cause of education.
答案：①to?、贒evoted?、踕evotion
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
Donald Trump also held a town hall meeting devoting to health care in southwestern Virginia.
__________________________________________________________________
答案：devoting→devoted


(1)devote ... to ... 把……奉獻(xiàn)于……
devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于；致力于
(2)devoted adj. 忠實(shí)的；深愛的；關(guān)于……的
be devoted to (doing) sth. 專心于某事；奉獻(xiàn)于某事
(3)devotion n. 關(guān)愛；關(guān)照；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠

②equal　adj. 相等的；平等的；勝任的　n. 同等的人；相等物　v. 等于；抵得上(P34)

單句寫作
①All people ____________， deserving the same rights as each other.
所有人都是平等的，應(yīng)享有同等權(quán)利。
②He sets a good example to us. As an all-around athlete, he ____________.
他給我們樹立了好榜樣。作為一個(gè)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)員，他無與倫比。
答案：①are equal　②has no equal


(1)be equal to ＋ n．/doing 等于；與……相等；勝任
be equal in 在……方面相等
be equal with 與……平等
(2)A equals B (in ... ) A(在……方面)比得上B
be without equal/have no equal 無與倫比；無敵
(3)equality n. 平等
equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等；同樣

③escape　vt.& vi. 逃脫；逃走　n. 逃脫(P38)

(1)單句語法填空
①He was crossing the street when a man was driving fast towards him and he narrowly escaped ________ (kill)．
②To my relief, both children escaped unharmed ________ the burning building.
答案：①being killed?、趂rom
(2)單句寫作
The bullet missed about an inch, therefore, the rabbit had __________________.
子彈未擊中兔子，僅差一英寸，因此兔子僥幸逃脫。
答案：a narrow escape


(1)escape from ... 從……逃脫
escape (doing) sth. 逃避(做)某事
(2)a narrow escape 死里逃生
(3)escaped adj. 逃脫的

④reward　n. 報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金　vt. 酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞(P38)

單句語法填空
①The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will ________ (reward) with success in the end.
②When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and __________ (reward)．
③He wanted to reward the cleaners ________ their efforts.
答案：①be rewarded　②rewarding?、踗or


(1)give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 因某事給某人報(bào)酬(或賞金)
(2)reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事報(bào)答/獎(jiǎng)賞某人
be rewarded (with sth.) 得到回報(bào)
(3)rewarding adj. 有益的；值得的；報(bào)酬高的

①in trouble 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中(P35)

單句寫作
①It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone ______________.
我們快要回家的時(shí)候，我才意識(shí)到幫助了有困難的人感覺多么美妙！
②No matter when you ________________ studying, please don't hesitate to ask for our help.
無論什么時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)有困難，請(qǐng)不要猶豫，一定要來找我們幫忙。
③Some people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may __________________.
有些人總是堅(jiān)持他們的主張，即使那意味著他們會(huì)陷入困境。
答案：①in trouble?、趆ave trouble (in)?、踘et into trouble


get into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻煩
have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事有困難/麻煩
take the trouble to do sth. 不怕費(fèi)事/不辭勞苦做某事

②turn to 求助于；致力于(P35)

單句寫作
①Whenever we have any difficulty, we can ____________ the teacher. She is always there to help.
每當(dāng)遇到困難，我們可以求助老師。她總會(huì)提供幫助。
②Eventually I ______________ the offer given by a foreign university, choosing to study in my favorite university at home.
最后，我拒絕了國外大學(xué)的通知，選擇在國內(nèi)一所自己喜歡的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。
③They ______________ to look after their sick father in hospital.
他們輪流照顧生病住院的父親。
答案：①turn to?、趖urned down?、踭ook turns


(1)turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
take turns to do ... /in doing ... 輪流做……
in turn 依次；逐個(gè)；相應(yīng)地
by turns 輪流地；交替地
(2)turn down 關(guān)小；拒絕
turn away 拒絕……入內(nèi)；把……打發(fā)走
turn up 出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大
turn out 證明是；結(jié)果是；原來是
turn over 打翻；翻身；移交
turn ... into 把……變成

③lose heart 喪失勇氣或信心(P37)

單句寫作
①Though beaten by the opposite team, they didn't ________________.
雖然被對(duì)方球隊(duì)擊敗，但他們沒有喪失信心。
②There is an old saying like this, “Nothing is too hard if you _____________.”
俗話說，“心之所愿，無所不成?！?br /> 答案：①lose heart　②put your heart into it


(1)put one's heart into 一心撲在……上
learn sth. by heart 背誦；記牢某事
strike ... into sb./sb.'s heart 使……刻骨銘心
lose one's heart to sb. 愛上某人
(2)heart and soul 全心全意地
from the bottom of sb.'s heart 從心底；由衷地

①[教材原句]The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. (P34)
過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。

單句語法填空
①The old tower ________ (witness) great changes of the village in the past two hundred years.
②The year 1959 ________ (see) the first appearance of a real flying ship in the world.
③Soon afterwards, we were sent to different families, ________ we enjoyed traditional English food, exchanging our ideas happily on familiar topics.
答案：①has witnessed　②saw?、踳here


(1)see, find, witness等動(dòng)詞，可以用地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間名詞作主語，表示某地或某時(shí)“經(jīng)歷、發(fā)生、目睹”了某事。該句是一個(gè)無生命的名詞作主語的句式。
(2)當(dāng)先行詞是stage, situation, case, point, position等詞且從句缺少狀語時(shí)，定語從句常用where或in which來引導(dǎo)，表示抽象的地點(diǎn)。

②[教材原句]He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep. (P38)
他在午餐后的休息時(shí)間以及晚上我們本來該睡覺的時(shí)間教我們學(xué)習(xí)。

單句語法填空
①As the smallest child of his family, Ales is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be independent.
②Do you want to know the reason ________ I recommend climbing Mount Tai to you?
③The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.
④I still remember the day ________ which I first came to this school.
答案：①when/during which?、趙hy/for which
③where/in which?、躱n


(1)此句是一個(gè)含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。
when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the lunch breaks and the evenings，并在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語。
(2)定語從句除了由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)外，還可由關(guān)系副詞when, where, why引導(dǎo)，它們?cè)趶木渲凶鳡钫Z。

關(guān)系副詞
用法
when
其先行詞常常是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如：time, day, hour, year等，when代替先行詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語
where
其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：place, room, house, street, area等， where在從句中代替先行詞作地點(diǎn)狀語
why
常用在先行詞reason后，代替先行詞在從句中作原因狀語，也可用for which來代替


選擇關(guān)系副詞作關(guān)系詞的原則是：從句中不缺少主語、賓語或表語，然后根據(jù)先行詞表示的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)和原因來確定when, where, why。

課文回練 升華運(yùn)用
Do you know the __1__ (form) president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela? He fought for the black people and was __2__ prison for nearly thirty years. He helped black people get the equal rights with white people.
Elias had little education. Because his family couldn't afford __3__ (pay) the school fees, he had to drop out of school. Then he found a job in a gold mine and he worried about __4__ he would be out of work. It was during this difficult period of time __5__ he met Nelson Mandela for the first time, who was a black lawyer and offered __6__ (guide) to poor black people on their legal problems.
At that time, black people had no rights __7__ (vote) and their life was decided by the whites. Nelson Mandela said to Elias that they were put in a position __8__ they had either to accept they were less important, or fight the government. So he decided to use __9__ (violent). Though Elias didn't like violence, he helped Nelson Mandela blow up some government buildings. He knew it was dangerous to do it, but he also knew it was to realize their dream of making black and white people __10__ (equal)．
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.former　2.in　3.to pay　4.whether　5.that　6.guidance　7.to vote　8.where　9.violence　10.equal
基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo) 自主訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Now their peace talks have reached a key stage ________ one side must give in to the other.
答案：where　當(dāng)先行詞是case, position, stage等抽象名詞，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語，表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，定語從句使用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)。
2．From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and ________ (devote)．
答案：devotion　由“teamwork and”可知，此處填名詞devotion “奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠”，作賓語。
3．When an animal is ________ attack it can run away or fight back.
答案：under　under attack “受到攻擊”。
4．She started singing to the baby and ________ (reward) with a smile.
答案：was rewarded　reward sb. with a smile “對(duì)某人報(bào)以微笑”，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
5．No one will escape ________ (punish) if he breaks the school rules.
答案：being punished　escape being punished “免于懲處”。
6．For one thing, I'm good at English, so I have no difficulty ________ (communicate) with students from other countries.
答案：communicating　have no difficulty doing “做某事沒有困難”。
7．He hated ________ (cruel) and could never cause physical pain to any man or even to any animal.
答案：cruelty　空格前是動(dòng)詞，此處用名詞形式作賓語。
8．Your teacher can give you ________ (guide) on choosing a career and writing a job application.
答案：guidance　give sb. guidance on ... “給某人關(guān)于……的指導(dǎo)或建議”，故此處填名詞guidance “指導(dǎo)”。
9．________ (educate) usually refers to teaching people various subjects, usually at a school or college.
答案：Education　此處應(yīng)用名詞education “教育”作主語。
10．The young man was sentenced to ________ (die) for killing a middle school student.
答案：death　be sentenced to death “被判死刑”。
Ⅱ.單句寫作
1．Although he was ________________ (失業(yè)), he decided to start a new business instead of losing heart.
答案：out of work
2．__________________ (事實(shí)上), feeling unconfident and nervous is the main reason for failing the exam.
答案：As a matter of fact
3．________________________， you'd better turn to your teacher for help.
當(dāng)你遇到麻煩時(shí)，你最好向你的老師求助。
答案：When you are in trouble
4．__________________________________________________________________
我認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。(in one's opinion)
答案：In my opinion, we should develop healthy eating habits.
5．__________________________________________________________________
上學(xué)期我們成立了英語社團(tuán)，使大家有機(jī)會(huì)展示自己的才藝。
答案：Last term, we set up an English Society, allowing us to display our talents.
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2019·廣東省肇慶市高中畢業(yè)班第一次檢測)I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I hardly saw my father before I was eight. For this __1__ other reasons I was somewhat lonely. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and __2__(hold)conversations with imaginary persons, and I think __3__ the very start my literary ambitions __4__ (mix) up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a __5__ (nature) ability with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this __6__ (create) a sort of private world __7__ I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life.
However, __8__ quantity of serious writing which I produced all through my childhood would not add up to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. I cannot remember anything about __9__ except that it was about a tiger and the tiger had “chair-like teeth”—a good enough __10__ (express)．
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了自己小時(shí)候喜歡寫作的原因和感受。
1．a(chǎn)nd　考查連詞。此處指“由于這樣那樣的原因”，故用連詞and。
2．holding　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處和making并列作of的賓語，也用動(dòng)詞-ing形式，故填holding。
3．from　考查介詞。句意：我想從一開始我的文學(xué)抱負(fù)就與被孤立和被低估的感覺交織在一起。表示“從……”，故填from。from the very start “從開始”。
4．were mixed　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句中“my literary ambitions”和動(dòng)詞“mix”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，賓語從句的謂語用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。與全文時(shí)態(tài)一致用一般過去時(shí)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填were mixed。
5．natural　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾名詞ability用形容詞，故填形容詞natural。
6．created　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我覺得這創(chuàng)造了一種私人世界。在賓語從句中作謂語，根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)felt和全文時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般過去時(shí)，故填created。
7．where　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞world，且在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，指在這個(gè)世界，用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，故填where。
8．the　考查冠詞。此處特指認(rèn)真寫作的量，用定冠詞the，故填the。
9．it　考查代詞。此處指代上句的“my first poem”，用單數(shù)代詞it。
10．expression　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處a good enough修飾名詞，指“一種足夠好的表達(dá)”，故填expression。
Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)
(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
答案：
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and animals. Last winter when I went again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of . They also had a small pond they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish. I felt that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.
難項(xiàng)分析：
第六處：which前加in或which→where　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。他們還有一個(gè)小池塘，里面養(yǎng)著魚。此處a small pond是先行詞，且關(guān)系詞在后面的定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用in which或where。
第七處：sell→selling　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。去年夏天他們通過賣魚掙了一大筆錢。此處介詞by后用動(dòng)名詞，故用selling。
第十處：but→and　考查連詞?！拔摇庇?jì)劃每兩年回來一次，他同意了。此處是順承關(guān)系，故將but改成and。

課時(shí)作業(yè)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2019·天津高考)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some __1__ station.
The __2__ moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the __3__ of that little wallet? The credit cards, the driver's license, the cash, all lost to the bus.
Two hours later, back at my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband __4__ it while I was on the phone in the dining room. “Does Jennifer live here？” I heard a lady say. In my husband's hand was my wallet, with not a penny __5__. She left before I could __6__ make it to the door to offer my thanks.
After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who __7__ the lady as Erin Smith. Without __8__， I called to thank her. She said she __9__ my wallet on a bus seat. She __10__ that going to a stranger's house was a __11__ move, but she decided to take the chance. “If I were in that __12__， I would want someone to try to find me，” she said.
This one stranger responded beautifully to my small __13__， but she actually wasn't the only one. Right after Erin __14__ my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum (論壇), trying to see __15__ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. I've never __16__ words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever, but that's not how the people I __17__ tend to act.
__18__， I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone __19__ what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely __20__.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位素不相識(shí)的女士在公交車上撿到作者的錢包，并根據(jù)錢包內(nèi)的信息在寒冷的黑夜把錢包送到作者家中的故事。
1．A.accessible B．hidden
C．unknown D．convenient
答案：C　這里表示公交車正駛向某一個(gè)未知的(unknown)車站，因此選C。
2．A.face-saving B．brain-washing
C．eye-catching D．heart-stopping
答案：D　前文中作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己錢包丟失的時(shí)候感到害怕(fear seized me)，復(fù)合形容詞heart-stopping表示“令人非常害怕的”，與前文的fear在含義上是一致的，因此選D。face-saving “保全面子的”；brain-washing “洗腦的”；eye-catching “引人注目的”。
3．A.parts B．contents
C．details D．ingredients
答案：B　由后面提到的信用卡、駕照和現(xiàn)金可知，這里指作者在想，要把那個(gè)小錢包里的東西都更換需要花多少時(shí)間和金錢。這里用contents表示“所容納之物”，指作者丟失的錢包里裝的那些物品。
4．A.ignored B．a(chǎn)nswered
C．examined D．interrupted
答案：B　根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，這里指作者在餐廳打電話的時(shí)候有人來敲門，作者的丈夫去開(answer)的門，因此選B。
5．A.missing B．returned
C．remaining D．a(chǎn)bandoned
答案：A　根據(jù)下文的陳述可知，此處表示“一分錢都沒有少”，形容詞missing“丟失的”符合題意。
6．A.still B．ever
C．yet D．even
答案：D　此處表示還沒等作者到門口對(duì)來送錢包的人道謝，對(duì)方就已經(jīng)走了，用副詞even強(qiáng)調(diào)出乎意料。
7．A.selected B．a(chǎn)ppointed
C．identified D．defined
答案：C　當(dāng)作者在網(wǎng)上分享了這個(gè)故事之后，她收到了某個(gè)人的來信，這個(gè)人確認(rèn)了(identify)那位女士是Erin Smith。
8．A.delay B．a(chǎn)larm
C．regret D．invitation
答案：A　當(dāng)作者知道撿到自己的錢包并送到自己家的這位女士是誰之后，就毫不猶豫地給對(duì)方打電話表示感謝。without delay “毫不耽擱地”，符合此處的語境。
9．A.moved B．placed
C．opened D．spotted
答案：D　根據(jù)語境“在公交車的座位上”判斷選spotted，表示“看見，發(fā)現(xiàn)”。
10．A.disagreed B．complained
C．calculated D．recommended
答案：C　由文章最后一段中的“on a bitterly cold night”可知，那天晚上非常冷。同時(shí)，Erin又不認(rèn)識(shí)作者，由此推知，對(duì)方當(dāng)時(shí)在考慮是否要把錢包送到失主家，因此用calculate表示“預(yù)測，估計(jì)”。
11．A.selfless B．risky
C．slow D．personal
答案：B　下文中短語take the chance表示“冒險(xiǎn)”，由此可知，這里說的是她覺得到陌生人的家里去會(huì)有點(diǎn)兒危險(xiǎn)，因此選B項(xiàng)。
12．A.site B．direction
C．situation D．a(chǎn)tmosphere
答案：C　Erin在為失主設(shè)身處地地考慮，用in that situation表示“處于那種境遇”，因此選C。
13．A.crisis B．danger
C．threat D．failure
答案：A　本空指前文提到的作者丟失錢包這件事，從前文的fear判斷這里用crisis表示“危機(jī)，危難”。
14．A.got rid of B．made use of
C．had control of D．took possession of
答案：D　Erin在公交車上撿到作者丟失的錢包，因此用take possession of表示“擁有”。get rid of “擺脫”；make use of “利用”；have control of “控制”。
15．A.if B．where
C．how D．when
答案：A　這里用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句：Erin把作者的駕照照片發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上論壇中，看看是否有人認(rèn)識(shí)作者。
16．A.recalled B．exchanged
C．repeated D．whispered
答案：B　作者跟那些媽媽們除了閑聊之外從來沒有深入地交談過。exchange words表示“交流，交談”。
17．A.encounter B．follow
C．consult D．a(chǎn)ccompany
答案：A　作者遇到的這些人與前面提到的那些人不一樣，用動(dòng)詞encounter表示“遇到，遭遇”。
18．A.Going away B．Turning around
C．Looking back D．Coming along
答案：C　作者在這里發(fā)表自己的感慨，用look back表示“回顧”。
19．A.into B．a(chǎn)gainst
C．over D．beyond
答案：D　go beyond表示“超出，超越”。句意：Erin的所作所為已經(jīng)超越了幾乎任何人都會(huì)做的事情。
20．A.longing B．enthusiastic
C．concerned D．grateful
答案：D　由上文提到的“offer my thanks”和“called to thank her”可知，作者心存感激，因此選grateful。
Ⅱ.閱讀理解

(2020·河南省焦作市高三定位考試)Brian Hamilton's life changed in a prison when he was accompanying his friend, Reverend Robert J. Harris, who often went to local prisons to do his work. During the visit, Hamilton started talking to one of the prisoners and asked what he was going to do when he got out.
“He said he was going to get a job，” Hamilton recalls (回憶). “I thought to myself, wow, that's going to be difficult with a criminal background.”
The conversation made Hamilton consider how prisoners could benefit from entrepreneurship,_something he thought about for years. Finally in 2008, 16 years after that initial conversation, Hamilton created Inmates to Entrepreneurs, a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses. “Harris and I taught our first course at a prison called ‘How to Start Your Own Business When You Get Out’，” he recalls.
At the time, Hamilton was building his own company, Sageworks. As Sageworks grew, so did Hamilton's time spent teaching at prisons throughout North Carolina.
Eventually, Hamilton decided it was time to change his focus to his true passion. In May 2018, he sold his stake (股份) in Sageworks, focusing his commitment on Inmates to Entrepreneurs.
“Now, anyone is able to access the curriculum, either to become an instructor to go into prisons to teach it or to access it for themselves as a prisoner or part of the general population，” Hamilton explains. In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the curriculum to at-risk students as a preventative measure against crime.
The free curriculum is funded by the recently established Brian Hamilton Foundation, which offers assistance to military members as they adjust to civilian life and provides loans to small businesses. “We're giving prisoners something they can do independent of a system that isn't working for them. If you can let people know that other people care about them, it makes a difference.”
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇人物傳記。文章敘述了Brian Hamilton成功創(chuàng)業(yè)的故事，Hamilton創(chuàng)建了“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”這個(gè)組織，這是一個(gè)幫助有犯罪背景的人創(chuàng)業(yè)的非營利組織。
1．Why did Brian Hamilton think the prisoner couldn't easily find a job after getting out?
A．He didn't have any special skills.
B．He would have his criminal background with him.
C．He would break the criminal law again and again.
D．He couldn't access the courses provided by the prison.
答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“I thought to myself, wow, that's going to be difficult with a criminal background.”可知，Brian Hamilton心想，有犯罪背景的人找工作是很難的。故選B項(xiàng)。
2．What does the underlined word “entrepreneurship” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Thinking of a good idea after working hard for years.
B．Trying one's best because of being kept in a small place.
C．Making money by starting or running one's own businesses.
D．Having a job in a profitable company owned by the government.
答案：C　詞義猜測題。由第三段中的“The conversation made Hamilton consider how prisoners could benefit from entrepreneurship, something he thought about for years ... a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses.”可知，這次談話讓Hamilton開始思考囚犯如何從創(chuàng)業(yè)中獲益，這是他多年來一直在思考的問題。Hamilton創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)名為“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”的組織，這是一個(gè)幫助有犯罪背景的人創(chuàng)業(yè)的非營利組織。所以通過上下文的語境可以判斷出，第3段中劃線的“entrepreneurship”一詞是指通過創(chuàng)辦或經(jīng)營自己的企業(yè)來賺錢。故選C項(xiàng)。
3．What does the text say about Inmates to Entrepreneurs?
A．It often assists military members.
B．It provides loans to small businesses.
C．It's independent of the social system.
D．Its curriculum has been largely broadened.
答案：D　推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“Now, anyone is able to access the curriculum ... In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the curriculum to at-risk students as a preventative measure against crime. The free curriculum is funded by the recently established Brian Hamilton Foundation”可知，現(xiàn)在，任何人都可以使用這些課程。此外，Hamilton還走訪了一些中學(xué)，并將課程介紹給有犯罪風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的學(xué)生，作為預(yù)防犯罪的一項(xiàng)措施。這項(xiàng)免費(fèi)課程由最近成立的布萊恩漢密爾頓基金會(huì)(Brian Hamilton Foundation)資助。所以通過課程的使用人群的范圍可以判斷出，“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”組織的課程已經(jīng)得到了很大地?cái)U(kuò)展。故選D項(xiàng)。
4．What is the main idea of the text?
A．A man made a fruitless visit to the prison.
B．A man sold his business to teach prisoners.
C．A man realized his dream of being a teacher.
D．A man successfully created two organizations.
答案：B　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章敘述了Brian Hamilton成功創(chuàng)業(yè)的故事， Hamilton創(chuàng)建了“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”這個(gè)幫助有犯罪背景的人創(chuàng)業(yè)的非營利組織。與此同時(shí)，Hamilton還建立自己的公司Sageworks。2018年他賣掉了Sageworks的股份，一心投到“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”中來，去教犯人如何去創(chuàng)業(yè)。所以文章主要講述了一個(gè)男人賣了他的企業(yè)去教囚犯如何創(chuàng)業(yè)的事情。故選B項(xiàng)。

(2020·內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)奮斗中學(xué)高三月考)I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the world when I was a very little child. I would talk to myself, “When I grow up, when I can become rich, I'll save kids all over the world.”
At the age of 17, I began my career here in America, and by 18, I started my first charity organization. I went on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautiful souls, from six-year-old Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia (白血病)—her story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors, to 2012 when my grandmother lost her battle with cancer, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF). We're all human. And we all just want a chance: a chance at life, a chance in education, a chance at a future, really. And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.
People make it seem too hard to do charity work. The truth is, you don't have to be rich to help others. You don't need to be famous. You don't even have to be college-educated. But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood. You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart. My grandmother always used to say, “If you've got a dollar, there's plenty to share.”
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者年少時(shí)立志長大幫助遭受痛苦的孩子們。長大后，作者兌現(xiàn)諾言做慈善工作，并號(hào)召人們做力所能及的事來幫助周圍的人。
5．What did the author want to do at a young age?
A．Watch TV. B．Help other children.
C．Become wealthy. D．Grow up quickly.
答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“at a young age”以及第一段第二句“I would say to myself, ‘When I grow up, when I can become rich, I will save kids all over the world.’”可知作者小時(shí)候想幫助其他孩子。故選B。
6．Which of the following directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF?
A．A six-year-old kid's request.
B．Many volunteers' inspiration for it.
C．Her grandmother's death of cancer.
D．Other organizations' encouragement.
答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“to 2012 when my grandmother lost her battle with cancer, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF)”可知，祖母的逝世是作者創(chuàng)辦和發(fā)展CLF的直接動(dòng)力。故選C。
7．What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A life. B．A chance.
C．A task. D．An organization.
答案：A　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句“And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.”可知，該組織的使命是影響盡可能多的生命，但是這需要從影響一個(gè)生命開始。由此可推知，one指代的是前面提到的many lives中的一個(gè)。故選A。
8．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?
A．Do charity work when you are rich.
B．Challenge their friends to offer help.
C．Work very hard to get a college education.
D．Do little things to help those around them.
答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But it starts with your neighbor ... in your neighborhood.”和“You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart.”可知，作者建議人們可以從小事做起，做力所能及的事來幫助周圍的人。故選D。
Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)
(2019·貴州省遵義航天高級(jí)中學(xué)第一次模擬)Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school. They live far away from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!
答案：
Mr and Mrs Zhang ／all work in our school. They live far away from the school, and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are in planting vegetables in their garden, is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up and water the vegetables together. They have also bought some gardening tools. ， they often get some useful from the Internet. When summer ， they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！
1.all→both或去掉all　考查代詞。因?yàn)橹髡Z是兩個(gè)人，所以用both表示“兩者都”，而all則表示“三者或三者以上的全部”。此處將all去掉也可以。
2.a→an/one　考查冠詞。因?yàn)閔our的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以其前用an。此處也可用one表示數(shù)量“一”。
3.interesting→interested　考查形容詞。因?yàn)槭敲枋鲋髡Zthey的心理狀態(tài)，所以使用be interested in “對(duì)……感興趣的”。
4.that→which　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。此處是非限制性定語從句，且關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語，指代主句中的garden，所以用which來引導(dǎo)。that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
5.earlier→early　考查副詞。此處沒有比較的含義，所以用early的原級(jí)。
6.去掉for　考查動(dòng)詞的用法。buy為及物動(dòng)詞，其后直接跟賓語，而buy sth. for sb.意為“為某人買某物”。
7.Beside→Besides　考查副詞。beside為介詞，意為“在……旁邊”，而besides為副詞，意為“此外；另外”。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示“另外，他們還從網(wǎng)上獲取一些信息”，故用Besides。
8.informations→information　考查名詞。information為不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式。
9.came→comes　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)主句中的“they will”可知，此處應(yīng)遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，即主句使用一般將來時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；從句的主語summer表示單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
10.students后加to　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。invite sb. to do sth.意為“邀請(qǐng)某人做某事”。


英語朗讀寶
相關(guān)資料 更多
資料下載及使用幫助
版權(quán)申訴
版權(quán)申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認(rèn)為該資料內(nèi)容侵犯了您的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，請(qǐng)掃碼添加我們的相關(guān)工作人員，我們盡可能的保護(hù)您的合法權(quán)益。
入駐教習(xí)網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費(fèi)推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，申請(qǐng) 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權(quán)申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習(xí)網(wǎng)
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質(zhì)量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊(cè)
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊(cè)

手機(jī)號(hào)注冊(cè)
手機(jī)號(hào)碼

手機(jī)號(hào)格式錯(cuò)誤

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼 獲取驗(yàn)證碼

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內(nèi)有效

設(shè)置密碼

6-20個(gè)字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號(hào)

注冊(cè)即視為同意教習(xí)網(wǎng)「注冊(cè)協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊(cè)
手機(jī)號(hào)注冊(cè)
微信注冊(cè)

注冊(cè)成功

返回
頂部