作業(yè)02 非謂語動詞做主語、賓語以及表語
積累運(yùn)用
一. 非謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)
二. 非謂語動詞在句中可充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z、賓語和表語情況
注意：
1. t d 與ding 作主語時區(qū)別：
(1)t d作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某次動作或行為；
(2)ding作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)習(xí)慣性的行為。常見ding作主語的固定結(jié)構(gòu)有：
It is n gd ding… 做…沒有好處
It is n use ding…做…沒有用
It is a waste f time ding …做…浪費(fèi)時間
It is wrthwhile ding…做…是值得的
2. t d ,ding與dne做表語時區(qū)別：
(1)t d 作表語，表示主語的具體內(nèi)容，表將來的動作行為與目的。主語通常是表示“意圖、計(jì)劃、打算等”詞匯，如wish, plan, intentin, dream, task, …；
(2)ding作主語，表示抽象或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作行為，常常表示“職業(yè)、身份等”詞匯，如jb, career, wrk, duty….；
(3)dne作表語，表示“感到…”或”被…”。
三. 非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)中，ding與t d作賓語時異同情況
(1) 意義相同的詞有：start, begin, cntinue
start t d =start ding; begin t d=begin ding; cntinue t d=cntinue ding
(2)意義不同的詞有：frget, remember, stp, try, regret, mean, can’t help, g n
frget t d 忘記要去做某事；frget ding忘記做過某事
remember t d 記得要去做某事；remember ding記得做過
stp t d 停止做某事；stp ding 停止做某事
try t d 努力做某事；try ding 試著做某事
regret t d 遺憾得去做某事；regret ding 后悔做過某事
mean t d 打算做某事；mean ding 意味著做某事
can’t help (t) d 不能幫助做某事；can’t help ding情不自禁做某事
g n t d 繼續(xù)去做另一件事；g n ding 繼續(xù)做之前的事
根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給的詞完成句子
1. Zhang Yugun managed ________ (help) children in pr areas t realize their dream f ging t university, s nt a single child in his village drpped ut f schl because f pverty.
2. Listening t his lecture, I fell deeply in lve with science and have made up my mind ________(devte) my life t science in the future.
3. “Nt that way,” my mm tried _________(stp) me but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn ut as I had wished.
4. I then made it a pint ________ (attend) thse meetings and learn all I culd.
5. An athlete addicted t ________(climb) rcks built a climbing wall in his living rm when he was frced t remain indrs by a COVID-19 lckdwn.
6. Baggy has becme the first dg in the UK—and ptentially the wrld—t jin the fight against air pllutin by _________ (recrd) pllutant levels near the grund.
7. Althugh he resigned, he still did whatever he culd t help the disabled, s he deserved_________.(praise)
8. Bishp says since rbts have great difficulty ________ (understand) humr, she feels like it gives her better jb safety as a cmedy perfrmer.
9. It tk unusual determinatin and curage _________ (bridge) the gap between the middle class and the pr.
10. It is up t yu ________ (decide) whether t g shpping r nt.
11. The prfessr is easy________ (apprach), and all the yung teachers like t ask fr advice frm him.
t apprach
12. There is n dubt that it is vital________(knw)sme knwledge f first aid as danger lies everywhere and accidents happen frm time t time.
13. In April, thusands f hliday-makers remained ________ (stick) abrad due t the vlcanic ash clud.
14. Fr thse with family members far away, the persnal cmputer and the phne are essential in staying________ (cnnect).
15. Yu can get (refresh) after applying the cream evenly t the skin f yur face and neck.
16. My dream is ________ (becme) an utstanding architect after graduatin.
17．The purpse f the prgram is ________ (prmte) an pen exchange f ideas and infrmatin.
18. The plt f the drama was s (absrb) that the girl was attracted by it.
19. The manager tld me that my daily task was (clean) the flrs f the building.
20. It is n use ___________(try) t play erhu if yu are nt ging t give it yur best sht.
閱讀理解
A
The recent stry n Tik Tk shwed hw tw neighbrs fund cmpaninship during the lck-dwn because f the pandemic, thanks t a share the lve f the pian.
The stry started when Girgi L Prt heard his neighbr playing the pian thrugh their dividing wall. L Prt, an Italian living in Lndn, decided t reach ut t his neighbr and left a nte asking him r her t play My Heart Will G On. The mystery never agreed, leading L Prt t send anther nte suggesting they play a duet (二重奏) tgether frm the cmfrt f their wn hmes. The mystery neighbr started playing the pian at 2: 00 pm, and when he stpped after finishing a part f the sng, L Prt cntinued. Over time, the duets between the tw cmplete strangers became a regular weekend appintment.
Weeks later, the pair finally met and it was better than expected. The mystery pianist happened t be a 78-year-ld Plish man named Emil, wh was living in temprary accmmdatin until his huse was sld. He lst his wife in December due t COVID- 19 and all he had left was the pian. And the reasn why he played at 2: 00 pm every weekend was that he and his wife used t d that.
The pair finished a final duet tgether—Beethven’ s Mnlight Snata—befre Emil mved ut at the end f February.
While this is heartwarming in itself, the stry has a heartbreaking ending: On March 14, L Prt shared that his ld neighbr had passed away in his sleep. He said, “Nw he is reunited with his wife.”
While saying gdbye t Emil, L Prt wrte, “Dear Emil, I knew very little abut yu, but yu changed my life. Yu give me back my passin, and we shared that with the wrld. Yu will be in my heart. I’ ll keep playing, thinking f hw pwerful music can be. Yu said I was yur light, but yu’ ve been mine, t. Bye, Emil.”
1．What happened after L Prt left the secnd nte fr Emil?
A．They shared their playing skill with each ther.
B．They cmpsed a new sng based n a classic.
C．They perfrm the music tgether thrugh the wall.
D．They reached ut t neighbrs t cheer them up.
2．Why did Emil play the pian at a special time?
A．T advertise his huse.B．T cmfrt strangers.
C．T uplad his updates.D．T remember his wife.
3．What is the sad part f the stry in the authr’ s pinin?
A．Emil’ s passing away.
B．L Prt’ s departure.
C．Their final perfrmance.
D．The unfamiliarity between them.
4．What des L Prt mainly cnvey at last?
A．It is easy t say gdbye.
B．He admired Emil’ s ambitin.
C．Music is a universal language.
D．Emil psitively influenced him.
B
The next time yu have cheese, remember the French scientist Luis Pasteur wh discvered that bad milk, and many diseases are caused by bacteria(細(xì)菌).
Luis Pasteur is knwn as the father f micrbilgy. In his lifetime, he nt nly prved that bacteria are the cause f diseases, but als discvered the prcess f vaccinatin (接種疫苗) which has saved billins f lives.
When Pasteur wrked with chickens that were suffering frm chlera(霍亂) during his experiments, he accidentally spread chlera t his chickens. Pasteur’s chickens became mildly sick but did nt die. This was strange as every chicken that came near chlera earlier had died. He realized sn that the chlera had becme weak. By the time he tried again, the chickens he had cured earlier did nt get chlera anymre. He realized that a weak chlera helped his chickens develp an antibdy against it.
Later, Pasteur went n t try this n cws, pigs and dgs. All his research helped him develp different vaccines. We nw knw that the prcess f vaccinatin intrduces a weakened kind f bacteria int ur bdy. Our bdy reacts by creating antibdies t fight the bacteria. Nw, when ur bdy cmes acrss the same bacteria which are much strnger, it can fight them ff.
Luis Pasteur received numerus awards fr the advancement f bilgy, chemistry, and medicine. He funded the Pasteur Institute t study diseases. It was the first university t teach micrbilgy and tday there are 32 institutes acrss 29 cuntries. Fr every child vaccinated against a deadly disease, we have Luis Pasteur t thank.
5．What d we knw abut Luis Pasteur?
A．His discveries weren’t used at his time.
B．He discvered the cnnectin between bacteria and diseases.
C．He was a prfessr at the Pasteur Institute.
D．His discveries brught many prfits and awards t him.
6．What can we learn frm his experiment with chickens?
A．Chlera was nt a deadly disease then.
B．Pasteur spread chlera t chickens n purpse.
C．All chickens suffered frm chlera died at last.
D．The weakened chlera culdn’t kill the living creatures
7．What is the functin f the prcess f vaccinatin?
A．It builds up peple’s bdy.
B．Withut it, peple will die.
C．It imprves peple’s ability t avid diseases.
D．It can kill all the diseases and make the sick bealthy.
8．Why des the authr write the passage?
A．Because he wants t hnur Luis Pasteur and his cntributin t the wrld.
B．Because he wants t shw the discveries f the vaccinatin.
C．Because be wants t call n children t learn frm Luis Pasteur
D．Because he wants t intrduce an imprtant inventin in micrbilgy.
二、完形填空
We’ve becme part f the Lendaer Grup, an ec-village in Denmark. After studying envirnmental science I was 9 t change my lifestyle. I wanted t live 10 the land and t prvide ur wn fd and 11 . We als wanted t live in a cmmunity with 12 peple arund us. It tk us 10 years t 13 it.
Nw I live in a rundhuse made ut f straw (干稻草). It is nt what I wuld call lw-cst husing. The cst is yur 14 . Yu have t have great willpwer. We had t 15 everything because we had n spare mney when we mved here.
I think we’ve dne what I 16 t d: grw ur wn fd and prvide ur wn resurces. We have hydr (水電) pwer and slar panels and we feel like we’re nt 17 the planet’s resurces.
We 18 prduce such as eggplants, peas and carrts. We have nut trees and apple trees. We have 9.5 acres f land and keep sheep. I earn abut 20,000 a year. Mst f my 19 cmes frm shearing (修剪) ur sheep, and using the 20 t run willw-weaving (紡織). If we have spare fruit, we 21 them t. But we reinvest (再投資) mst f the mney in the 22 , and animal care.
Organic clthes are very 23 but I d chse them. We might spend abut 150 a mnth n eating ut as a family. We always try and shp lcal prduce 24 it’s mre expensive. We dn’t g hliday a lt but when we d we try t travel by train. It takes a lng time but fr me it’ s abut the 25 , nt the destinatin.
Lking back, I’ d argue being rganic is 26 fr anyne. It csts yu next t nthing—just time and 27 If peple want t be healthier and 28 fr themselves, they can d it.
9．A．a(chǎn)llwedB．expectedC．inspiredD．required
10．A．in cnnectin withB．in exchange frC．in respnse tD．in hnr f
11．A．educatinB．electricityC．xygenD．sunshine
12．A．cld-heartedB．white-hairedC．similar-mindedD．near-sighted
13．A．findB．purchaseC．makeD．recver
14．A．mneyB．pleasureC．futureD．energy
15．A．brrwB．createC．dismissD．verlk
16．A．went nB．jined upC．set utD．called in
17．A．searching frB．using upC．researching intD．selling ut
18．A．prmteB．exprtC．grwD．buy
19．A．incmeB．experienceC．knwledgeD．entertainment
20．A．materialsB．equipmentC．techniquesD．influence
21．A．dnateB．thrwC．keepD．sell
22．A．bksB．gardenC．huseD．study
23．A．cmmnB．tughC．casualD．expensive
24．A．a(chǎn)s ifB．even ifC．nw thatD．in case
25．A．cmfrtB．speedC．transprtD．jurney
26．A．a(chǎn)chievableB．changeableC．impssibleD．visible
27．A．effrtB．fameC．successD．health
28．A．cmpeteB．defendC．prvideD．vte
拓展突破練
1. (2023全國甲卷.閱讀理解B篇) The average spend per prject will be arund ￡823. Tw thirds f peple aim____________ (imprve) their cmfrt while at hme.
2. （2023全國甲卷.閱讀理解D篇）____________ (put) electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at __________ (get) grizzlies away.
3. （2023全國甲卷.閱讀理解D篇）Our hpe is ____________ (have) a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits.
4. (2023全國甲卷. 七選五)Instant gratificatin (滿足) may seem like the mst “feel gd” ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests _____________(wait) fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run.
5. （2023新課標(biāo)全國II卷.閱讀理解B篇）Sme students get s _____________ (interest) in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens.
6. （2023新課標(biāo)全國II卷.閱讀理解C篇）Cntinued develpments in cmmunicatin technlgies were nce believed ____________ (make) the printed page utdated.
7. （2023北京高考.閱讀理解B篇）I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally ___________ (shck)—and ___________ (verjy)—when she invited me t talk with her abut ptential prjects I culd pursue in her lab.
8. （2023新課標(biāo)全國I卷.閱讀理解C篇）The gal f this bk is ____________ (make) the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then ___________(teach) yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu.
9.（2023新課標(biāo)全國I卷.七選五）In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this — it’s a great way__________ (bst) self-cnfidence at any time.
10. (2023全國乙卷.閱讀理解B篇)___________ (live) in Iwa and ___________(try) t becme a phtgrapher specializing in landscape (風(fēng)景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the crn state lacks gegraphical variatin.
形式
時態(tài)
主動
被動
動詞ing
一般時
ding
being dne
完成時
having dne
having been dne
不定式
一般時
t d
t be dne
完成時
t have dne
t have been dne
進(jìn)行時
t be ding
過去分詞
表被動或完成
dne
形式
做主語
做賓語
做表語
ding
√
√
√
t d
√
√
√
dne
√

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