
alchl [??lk?h?l] n. 酒;酒精
alchl abuse 酗酒 alchl-free beer 不含酒精的啤酒 drink / cnsume alchl 喝/飲酒
alchlic adj. 酒精的 n. 酒鬼,酗酒者wrkahlic n 工作狂
1. Alchl has a very bad effect n drivers.2. Alchlic drink can have a bad effect n yur bdy.
abuse [??bju?z] n.濫用;虐待;辱罵 vt.濫用;虐待;辱罵
abuse alchl/alchl abuse酗酒abuse ne’s pwer/psitin/privilege 濫用職權(quán)/特權(quán) abuse children虐待兒童verbal abuse 言語上的辱罵physical/mental abuse 生理/精神折磨abuse ne's cnfidence辜負(fù)某人的信任
abuser n. 濫用者;施虐者abusive adj. 辱罵的;濫用的;虐待的abused adj. (尤指藥物)濫用的;受虐的
drug abuse 嗜毒
child abuse虐童
verbal abuse言語辱罵
physical [?f?z?kl] adj. 身體的;客觀存在的;物理學(xué)的
physical and mental health 身心健康 keep healthy mentally and physically 保持身心健康physical laws 物理定律,自然法則a physical disability 生理缺陷physician n. 醫(yī)師; (尤指)內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 resident (physician) n. 住院醫(yī)生dentist n. 牙科醫(yī)生
physically adv. 身體上;體格上 physicsn. 物理 physicist n. 物理學(xué)家 physician n. 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 surgen
dminate [?d?m?ne?t] v.支配;控制;占有優(yōu)勢
be dminated by 由……主宰; 由某人所控制、支配dminate the city俯視全城dminate the match/war在比賽/戰(zhàn)爭中占上風(fēng)dminating figure主要人物; 強勢人物dminating factr主導(dǎo)因素achieve/establish dminance ver獲得對……的控制
dminatin n. 控制,統(tǒng)治dminance n. 支配地位; 優(yōu)勢dminating adj. 主要的;獨裁的;有影響力的 dminatingly adv. 有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作風(fēng)地;獨裁地 dminant adj. 首要的, 占支配地位的
1. The industry __________(dminate) by three big cmpanies.
2. __________(dminate) by his father, he has t d as his father says.
3.She?was?a?_________ (dminate) ?figure?in the?French?film?industry.
is dminated
repeatedly [r??pi?t?dli] adv.重復(fù)地
v + ed + ly = advhurry hurriedly adv.匆忙地 expect unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地dubt undubtedly adv.毫無疑問地
repeat v.重復(fù) repeated adj.重復(fù)的 repetitin n.重復(fù)
cue [kju:] n.提示;暗示;信號 vt.給(某人)暗示(或提示)
cue v.提示,暗示=imply=indicate=suggest n.暗示=hint=clue a cue fr / t d sth 一個...的信號/暗示
a cue fr sth ...的暗示/信號time cue時間線索
in respnse t 回答;答復(fù)
in respnse t=in reactin=answer=reply trespnd t 對…作出回應(yīng)respnd with a smile 報以微笑make/give a respnse t 對...做出回應(yīng)react t=reply
respnd v. 回答; 答復(fù); 回應(yīng); 響應(yīng)respnse n. 回答; 答復(fù); 反應(yīng); 響應(yīng)
reward [r??w??d] n. 回報;獎勵;報酬 vt.獎勵;獎賞;給以報酬
in reward (fr...) 作為(對…的)回報as a reward (fr...) 作為(對…的)報酬/獎賞?give a reward t sb. fr sth. 因某事而給某人獎勵 reward sb.with sth.用某物獎勵某人 reward sb.fr (ding) sth. 因(做)某事而獎勵某人
rewarding adj.值得做的;有益的;有意義的
prize
award v.授予,頒發(fā)award sb. sth.= award sth. t sb. 授予某人某物
reward 一指因工作、貢獻(xiàn)等而得到的“回報”“報酬”。二指因給警方提供幫助或幫助他人找回失物而得到的“賞金”。We shuld nt hpe t get rewards withut hard wrk.A $100 reward has been ffered fr the return f the backpack. award 指因某種突出的成就而由官方頒發(fā)的獎賞或榮譽,可以是“獎(品)”“獎狀”“獎金”等。award 比 reward 更正式,t fficially give sb a prize r mney。He wn the Husing Design Award fr the year 2011.prize 指因在某方面做出巨大的貢獻(xiàn)或在競賽、比賽中勝出而獲得的“獎賞”“獎品”。the Nbel Prize fr Physics / Medicine / Peace She wn first prize at the speech cntest.
reward, award, prize 辨析
reward給予;贈給(基本義)
對他人的付出或犧牲給予回報、補償或獎勵
自己的付出得到別人給予的肯定、回報、補償或獎勵
為“鼓勵”他人付出而給予的回報或獎金
1. Yu deserve a reward fr being s helpful. ___________2. Winning the match was just reward fr the effrt the team had made. ___________3. A £100 reward has been ffered fr the return f the necklace. ___________4. She wanted t reward the cleaners fr their effrts. ___________5. Finally, Mlly’s patience was rewarded. ___________
rely [r??la?] vi. 依賴;依靠;信賴
rely n/upn =depend n= cunt n 依靠① rely n/upn 依賴/靠② rely n sb t d sth 指望/相信某人會做某事③ rely n it that從句 指望/相信……
reliable adj. 可靠/可信賴的reliability n.可靠性reliance n. 依賴;依靠;信賴
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. As babies, we rely n thers fr fd. ___________2. Yu shuld rely n yur wn judgment. ___________二、在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. Yu can rely n me _________ (keep) yur secret.2. I rely n yu _________ gd advice.
facilitate [f??s?l?te?t] vt.促進(jìn);促使;使便利
prmte/bst public facilities 公共設(shè)施facilitate cmmunicatin 方便聯(lián)系 ; 促進(jìn)溝通facilitate ecnmic develpment/friendship facilitate independent learning
facilitatin n.便利;促進(jìn);簡化facility n. 設(shè)施,設(shè)備;天賦,才能 equipment;devicesfacilitatr n. 推動者
examine [?ɡ?z?m?n] vt. (仔細(xì))檢查;審查;測驗
a physical examinatin 體檢take an examinatin 參加考試pass the examinatin 考試及格fail the examinatin 考試不及格the Cllege Entrance Examinatin 高考
examinatin / exam n. 檢查;考試examiner n. 主考人; 審查人examinee n. 應(yīng)試者
The dctr ___________ every inch f his bdy but fund nthing wrng. (examine)Yur suggestins are still under ____________. (examine)He had a third ___________ and was declared unfit fr wrk. (examine)There will be a written ____________ befre the practical test. (examine)
negative [?neɡ?t?v] adj.消極的;有害的;否定的
Be negative abut 對...感到消極Have a negative effect/impact/influence n對..有消極影響Have a negative attitude t/twards 對...持有消極態(tài)度
psitive 積極的,陽性
1.Scientists have a fairly negative attitude t the thery. 2. They received a negative reply. 3.S?far?39?have?taken?the?test?and?all?have?been?negative. 4. This crisis had a negative effect n trade.
電、數(shù)字、醫(yī)學(xué)檢測結(jié)果等“否定的”
(電 / 數(shù)字)負(fù)的;(醫(yī))陰性的
否定的基本義negative
escalatr cn.自動扶梯;滾梯
lift/elevatr cn.電梯/升降機
straight away 立即;馬上
= right away = at nce = immediately=right nw= in n timecme/get straight t the pint 直奔主題g straight n 直走
straight adj.直的;筆直的;正直的 adv.直接地
pessimistic [?pes??m?st?k] adj. 悲觀的;悲觀主義的
be pessimistic/ptimistic/psitive abut 對...持悲觀/積極態(tài)度 ptimistic adj.樂觀的ptimist cn.樂觀者; 樂觀主義者ptimism n.樂觀主義
pessimism n. 悲觀(主義)pessimist n. 悲觀主義者 ptimistic adj. 樂觀的
??嫉谋硎居^點態(tài)度的詞匯
表示支持或肯定:apprving贊成的;favrable贊同的;supprtive支持的; sympathetic贊成的/同情的; psitive積極樂觀的;ptimistic樂觀的;表示反對或否定:critical批評的;negative否定的,消極的;disapprving不贊成的; ppsed 反對的;dubtful懷疑的;suspicius懷疑的; skeptical懷疑的; questining 懷疑的;pessimistic悲觀的;depressed沮喪的; disappinted失望的; intlerant 不能容忍的
表示中立:uncaring冷漠的;indifferent不感興趣的,漠不關(guān)心的;uninterested不感興趣的;bjective客觀的;cautius謹(jǐn)慎的;neutral中立的;uncncerned不關(guān)心的;uncertain不確定的;ambiguus模棱兩可的;
discipline [?d?s?pl?n] n.自制力;紀(jì)律;學(xué)科 vt.自我控制;管教;處罰
Self-discipline 自律性discipline sb. fr ding sth. 因做某事懲罰某人discipline neself t d sth. 嚴(yán)格要求自己去做某事
disciplined adj 遵守紀(jì)律的
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. Yga is a gd discipline fr learning t relax. ___________2. It tk him a lt f hard wrk and discipline t make the Olympic team. ___________ 3. She keeps gd discipline in class. ___________ 4. We’re lking fr peple frm a wide range f disciplines. ___________ 5. Dieting is a matter f disciplining yurself. ___________
說出下列單詞的反義詞和漢語釋義。1. psitive adj → ___________ _________________________________2. ptimistic adj → ____________________________________________3. punish v → ___________________________________________4. prud adj → ______________________________________________5. tight adj → ___________________________________________6. bjective adj → ___________________________________________7. majr adj → __________________________________________8. simple adj → __________________________________________9. increase v → _______________ _________________________________10. abstract adj → __________________________________________
pessimistic
humble / mdest
subjective
decrease / reduce
學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時,除了借助近義詞來建立新舊知識聯(lián)系,也可以通過反義詞來幫助學(xué)習(xí)和理解詞匯。近義詞與反義詞是建立詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)最基本的兩種途徑。
否定的 / 負(fù)面的 / 消極的 / 陰性的
悲觀的 / 悲觀主義的
decide n 決定;選定
(1)decide n/upn ding 決定做某事 =decide t d sth. =make a decisin t d sth.(2)decide against (ding sth.) 決定不做 =decide nt t d sth.常見的“動詞+n”構(gòu)成的短語cme n 快來;加油 g n 繼續(xù)put n 穿上;上演 carry n 繼續(xù)call n 拜訪 feed n 以……為食depend n 依靠;信賴 agree n 就……達(dá)成一致
decisin n. 決定
make up ne’s mind 下定決心
change ne's mind 改變主意 t mind被想起:浮現(xiàn)于腦海keep/bear/have... in mind 記住 ne’s mind 讀懂/看出某人的心思 fix ne’s mind n/upn將注意力集中于…never mind 沒關(guān)系?
=be determined t d=determine t d
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. Mind and bdy are clsely related. ___________2. D yu have a clear picture in yur mind f what yu want? ___________3. He gave his mind t the arrangements fr the next day. ___________4. She was ne f the mst brilliant minds f the last century. ___________
二、寫出下列詞塊的漢語釋義。1. bear / keep … in mind ______________________2. be f the same mind______________________3. change ne’s mind______________________4. cme int ne’s mind______________________5. make up ne’s mind ______________________6. n sb’s mind______________________
意見相同;保持原來的意見
掠過 / 進(jìn)入某人的腦海
拿定主意 / 下定決心
cmpse [k?m?p??z] vt. &vi.組成;作曲;撰寫
be cmpsed f 由...組成的=be cmprised f = be made up f =cnsist f cmpse a letter/a piece f music 寫信;寫歌cmpse ne's thughts 鎮(zhèn)定思緒cmpse neself 使自己鎮(zhèn)定下來
cmpser n. 作曲家cmpsitin n. 作品,作曲,作文
放在一起(基本義)cmpse
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. Gershwin agreed t cmpse smething fr the cncert befre he realized he had just a few weeks t d it.(2013 山東) ____________ 2. On the ther hand, nce a week r s I had t cmpse the essays f my friend. ____________3. The sea is mainly cmpsed f water and salt. ____________4. Five academic schls cmpse the whle university. ____________
surgen外科醫(yī)生
surgery外科手術(shù)
physician cn.內(nèi)科醫(yī)生dentist cn.牙醫(yī)dctr cn.醫(yī)生;博士
liberatin [?l?b??re??n] n.解放;擺脫
Peple’s Liberatin Army (PLA) 人民解放軍liberate sb. frm... 使自由,使sb 擺脫...約束/限制
liberate vt.解放;擺脫限制liberty n. 自由
liberatin frm pverty
Peple’s Liberatin Army(PLA)
shave [?e?v] v./n.剃(須發(fā));刮臉
shave ff ne's beard 刮胡子 shaved his head bald 剃光頭have a narrw shave九死一生=have a narrw escapeshave ff 剃掉;修剪
shaven adj. 剃光的,刮干凈的clean-shaven adj. 胡子刮干凈的unshaven adj. 未刮臉的,未剃須的
disturb [d??st??b] vt.打擾;攪亂;使煩惱
=bther=interruptbe disturbed by/abut/by 因...心神不安
disturbing adj.感到不安的disturbed adj.令人不安的,引起恐慌的disturbance n.打擾
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. If yu get up early, try nt t disturb everyne else. ___________2. The warning letter shcked and disturbed me. ___________二、根據(jù)所給漢語,用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成句子。___________________(不好意思打擾您了), but can yu spare me a few minutes?
Srry t disturb yu
cnsultant [k?n?s?lt?nt] n.顧問;高級顧問醫(yī)師
(1)cnsult sb abut/n sth 就某事向某人咨詢(2)cnsult with sb abut sth 與某人就某事進(jìn)行商量(3)cnsult a dictinary 查字典 =refer t/turn t a dictinary=lk up a wrd in a dictinary
cnsult v. 查閱;商量;請教;商議cnsultatin n. 咨詢; 磋商;診
skip [sk?p] vt. 跳過;不參加;悄悄溜走 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;跳繩 n.蹦跳
g skipping去跳繩 skip breakfast不吃早飯skip schl 逃學(xué)skip ver 略過;遺漏
skip---skipped---skipped---skipping
跳(過)skip基本義
不做(應(yīng)做的事等);不參加
辨析 scan, skim, skipscan, skim 和 skip 是閱讀文章時所采取的三種策略。scan 指通過快速閱讀查找所需的某一特定信息,意為“查讀”。? He scanned the newspaper t find his name.skim 指通過快速閱讀找到文章的中心思想,意為“略讀”。? Skim the passage t find the main idea.skip 指跳過即將閱讀的某一部分內(nèi)容,意為“跳讀”。? Skip the first passage and start n Page 15.
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. She skipped happily alng beside me. ___________2. She likes t skip rpe as a warm-up. ___________3. I ften skip breakfast altgether. ___________4. Yu can skip the next chapter if yu have cvered the tpic in the class. ___________
stimulate [?st?mjule?t] vt.激發(fā);促進(jìn);刺激
stimulate ne’s interest in… 激發(fā)某人在……方面的興趣stimulate sb t d sth 刺激某人做某事stimulate sb t sth 激勵某人某事
stimulatin n. 激勵;刺激stimulating adj.使人興奮的:激勵的accumulate v.積累
根據(jù)句意寫出畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. The film was intended t stimulate and amuse. ___________2. By stimulating the ecnmy, we’re ging t put peple t wrk. ___________3. These prteins stimulate the prductin f bld cells. ___________4. T stimulate life and let life develp freely is the primary task f educatrs. ___________
skatebard bwling
[?ske?t?b??d]
stressed ut 焦慮不安;心力交瘁
under stress在壓力之下put stress n ... 讓…承受壓力?lay/place stress n 強調(diào)……?stress the imprtance f 強調(diào)……的重要性
stress n.壓力 vt.強調(diào)stressful adj.(事物)壓力大的;緊張的stressed adj.(人)焦慮不安的;心力交瘁的
wrn ut 筋疲力盡的;心力交瘁
wear sb. ut 使某人筋疲力盡wear ut 用壞,穿破;磨損This shirt wears well. 耐用,耐穿,耐磨wear a beard 留胡須
wrn adj. 用壞的;疲憊的wear v.穿,戴;磨損;留,蓄;流露;耐用
mnthly [?m?nθli] adv.&adj.每月;每月一次的 n.月刊
n. + -ly → adj. weekly adv. & adj. 每周; 每周一次的 n. 周刊daily adv. & adj. 每天; 每天的 n. 日報yearly adv. & adj. 每年的; 每年 lvely 可愛的 timely 及時的 mtherly 母親般的 brtherly 兄弟般的
enhance [?n?hɑ?ns] vt.提高;增強;増進(jìn)
enhance ne’s ability 提高個人能力enhance the sense f hapiness 提升人們的幸福感enhance the management n the web 加強對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的管理enhance the friendship and unity 增進(jìn)友誼和團(tuán)結(jié)enhance the wrk efficiency 提高工作效率
enhancement n.提高;增強
refresh [r??fre?] vt.使恢復(fù)精力;使涼爽;刷新
refresh neself 頭腦清醒;提神refresh ne's memry 喚醒記憶refresh ne's bdy and mind 身心愉悅refresh rate 刷新率refresh the page 刷新網(wǎng)頁feel refreshed 感覺神清氣爽
refreshed adj.精力恢復(fù)的refreshing adj.提神的;令人耳目一新的refreshment n.恢復(fù)精力;心曠神怡 ;茶點
absrb [?b?s?b] vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收
從……中吸收……absrb ... 把……吸收進(jìn)……absrb neself in ... 全神貫注于absrb/attract/draw ne's attentin 吸引某人的注意(be) absrbed in ... 全神貫注于……be absrbed by/int 被……吞并(吸引)
absrbed adj.全神貫注的集中精力于:cncentrate n; fix n; fcus n; center n; put ne's heart int; be lst in; be deep in;be ccupied in; devte ;be buried in=bury neself in
“吸收”個體成為集體的一部分
“吸收”知識、信息等并掌握
“吸收”某人的注意力、興趣等
選出畫線詞的正確釋義。___________ 1. When cndrs(禿鷹)eat dead bdies f ther animals cntaining lead(鉛), they absrb large quantities f lead.(2016 北京)__________ 2. While watching TV, children d nt merely absrb wrds and images(影像).(2015 廣東)__________ 3. The mvement and nise f the machines absrbed him cmpletely. __________ 4. Jump with yur knees bent, s they absrb less impact.
a. 理解 b. 吸收 c. 緩沖 d. 吸引
1. alchl n.酒;酒精→ alchlic adj.(含)酒精的 n.酗酒者2. phycical adj.身體的;物理的→ phycically adv. 身體地→ physics n. 物理學(xué)→ physicist n. 物理學(xué)家→ physician n. 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 3. dminate vt.支配;控制→ dminatin n.支配;控制→ dminant adj.支配的4. repeatedly adv.重復(fù)地→ repeated adj.重復(fù)的→repeat v.重復(fù) → repetitin n.重復(fù)5. psychlgy n.心理學(xué);心理;心理影響→ psychlgical adj.心理(學(xué))的→ psychlgically adv.心理(學(xué))地 → psychlgist n.心理學(xué)家6. reward n.回報;獎勵;報酬 vt.獎勵 給以報酬→ rewarding adj.有益的;有意義的;報酬高的
7.rely vi.依靠;依賴→ reliable adj. 可靠的→ unreliable adj. 不可靠的→ reliably adv. 可靠地 → reliability n.可靠性8.examine vt.(仔細(xì))檢查;審查;測驗→ examinatin n.考試(exam);檢查;審查→examinee n. 應(yīng)試者→ examiner n. 主考官9.negative adj.消極的;有害的;否定的→ negatively adv.消極的;有害的;否定的10.pessimistic adj.悲觀的;悲觀主義的→ pessimistically adv.悲觀的;悲觀主義的→pessimism n.悲觀→pessimist n.悲觀主義者補充ptimistic adj.樂觀的→ ptimistically adv. 樂觀地 → ptimism n. 樂觀主義→ ptimist n. 樂觀主義者11.cmpse vt.& vi.組成;作曲;撰寫→ cmpser n.作曲家 → cmpsitin n.組成;作曲;作文12.surgen n.外科醫(yī)生→ surgery n.外科手術(shù);外科學(xué)
13.liberatin n.解放;擺脫→ liberate v.解放;擺脫→liberty n. 自由 Statue f Liberty 自由女神像14. disturb vt.打擾;攪亂;使煩惱→ disturbing adj.引起煩惱的;令人不安的15.specialist n.??漆t(yī)生;專家→ special adj.特別的;專門的→ specially adv.特別地;專門→ specialize vt.專門研究;專門從事→ specialty n.招牌,特色菜16.cnsultant n.顧問;高級顧問醫(yī)師→ cnsult vt.& vi.請教;咨詢 vt.查閱;參考17. dizzy adj. 頭暈?zāi)垦5?→ dizziness n.頭暈18. sugary adj.含糖的;甜的→sugar n. 糖19. dynamic adj.充滿活力的;精力充沛的;動態(tài)的→dynamically adv.充滿活力的;精力充沛的;動態(tài)的
20. cmedy n.喜?。幌矂∑换?jié)目→cmedian n.喜劇演員21.refresh vt.使恢復(fù)精力;使涼爽;刷新→refreshing adj.令人振奮的→refreshed adj.精力充沛的;神清氣爽的→refreshment n.煥發(fā)精神;恢復(fù)活力22.absrb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→absrded adj.專心致志的;全神貫注的23. stimulate vt. 刺激;激勵;激發(fā);使興奮;促進(jìn)→stimulatin n. 刺激;激勵;激發(fā)→stimulating adj. 趣味盈然的;激勵人的;讓人興奮的24. abuse n.濫用;虐待;辱罵 vt.濫用;虐待;辱罵→abused adj. (尤指藥物)濫用的;受虐的
25. facilitate vt.促進(jìn);促使;使便利→facilitatin n.便利;促進(jìn);簡化→facility n. 設(shè)施,設(shè)備;天賦,才能26.mnthly adj.&adv. 每月;每月一次的 n. 月刊n. + -ly → adj. weekly adv. & adj. 每周; 每周一次的 n. 周刊daily adv. & adj. 每天; 每天的 n. 日報yearly adv. & adj. 每年的; 每年
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