
2020新課標(biāo)III卷
【典例】(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)__________he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary(傳奇的) artist, they smiled and pinted dwn the river.
考查時間狀語從句的連詞
【典例】(全國卷Ⅰ)Film has a much shrter histry, especially when_____________(cmpare) t such art frms as music and painting.
1.when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,意為“正在這時”,表示某件事正在發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生時,突然發(fā)生另一動作。be abut t d … when … ; be ding … when … ; had just dne … when … ; be n the pint f ding … when …
when還可表原因,意為“既然”Hw can I help them t understand when they wn't listen t me?既然他們不聽我說,我怎么幫他們理解?
2.a(chǎn)s sn as, immediately, directly, instantly, the mment, the minute, the instant, n , 和nce(一……就……),這些從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的從句都表示從句的動作一發(fā)生,主句的動作隨即就發(fā)生,常譯為“一……就……”,從句中用一般時態(tài)代替將來時態(tài)。
n sner... than..., 的時態(tài)搭配:hardly/scarcely后的句子謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去完成時,而than與when引導(dǎo)的句子謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時。此外,當(dāng)把n sner和hardly/scarcely提到句首時,應(yīng)用倒裝語序。
3.befre(1)表示“還未……就……;不到……就……;還沒來得及……就……”。The girl had hardly rung the bell befre the dr was pened suddenly, and her friend rushed ut t greet her.(2)It will be+一段時間+befre...多久之后才……。It is+一段時間+since... 自從……多久了。Jhn thinks it wn't be lng befre he is ready fr his new jb.
1.通常由if, unless, as(s)lng as, in case(that), nce等連詞引導(dǎo)。Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never becme ttally independent.除非孩子們相信他們能夠成功,否則他們將永遠無法完全獨立。2.由n cnditin(that); prvided(that); prviding (that); suppsing(that)等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Yu can g swimming n cnditin that yu dn't g t far frm the river bank.只有不離河岸太遠你才能下去游泳。
1.讓步狀語從句可由althugh, thugh, as, while, even if(thugh), whenever, whether... r..., n matter wh(when, what...)等引導(dǎo)。Hwever serius a prblem yu may have, yu shuld gather yur curage t face the challenge.不論你的問題有多嚴(yán)重,你都應(yīng)該鼓起勇氣,接受挑戰(zhàn)。2.while作“盡管”講,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,往往放在句首。While the Internet is f great help, I dn't think it's a gd idea t spend t much time n it.
while也可以用來表對比轉(zhuǎn)折,意為“而,卻”At schl, sme students are active while sme are shy, yet they can be gd friends with ne anther.在學(xué)校,有的學(xué)生很活躍而有的很靦腆,但他們能成為好朋友。
原因狀語從句通常由because, since, as, nw that, seeing(that), cnsidering that等引導(dǎo)。Nw that yu have grwn up, yu must d it by yurself.既然你已經(jīng)長大了,就必須自己做這件事。Cnsidering that I have tld yu three times, yu must knw it.鑒于我已經(jīng)告訴你三次,你必須知道它。
方式狀語從句用來表示主句謂語動作發(fā)生的方式,常由as“像……一樣”,as if (thugh)“似乎,好像”等引導(dǎo)。The huse was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the plice arrive.卡車對這座房子造成了嚴(yán)重的損壞。我們最好保持原樣直到警察到來。He acted as if nthing had happened.他表現(xiàn)得好像什么也沒發(fā)生。
1.通常由連詞where和wherever引導(dǎo),從句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。The little girl wh gt lst decided t remain where she was and wait fr her mther.這個迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她媽媽。Tday, we will begin where we stpped yesterday s that n pint will be left ut.今天我們將在昨天停止的地方開始,為了不漏掉知識點。
2.地點狀語從句在句首時常兼有抽象條件意味。Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。Where(ver) there's plenty f sun and rain, the fields are green.哪里陽光雨水充足,哪里的田野就綠油油。
3.where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句直接修飾動詞,而在定語從句中where作為關(guān)系副詞要跟在表示地點的先行詞后面。When slving the prblem a secnd time, yu'd better be mre careful where yu made a mistake.=When slving the prblem a secnd time, yu'd better be mre careful in the place where yu made a mistake.
引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句連詞有s that,in rder that, fr fear that, in case,lest等。(1)in rder that與s that。兩個連詞都意為“以便……;為了……”,引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中需用情態(tài)動詞,in rder that比s that正式,引導(dǎo)的狀語從句可置于主句之前或之后,而s that引導(dǎo)的從句只能置于主句之后。I'll speak slwly s that yu can understand me.In rder that we might see the sunrise, we started fr the peak early.
引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句連詞有s that,in rder that, fr fear that, in case,lest等。(2)fr fear that, in case與lest。這三個從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中謂語動詞要用(shuld+)動詞原形,它本身帶有否定意義,相當(dāng)于s that... nt...或in rder that... nt...。The by hid himself behind the tree in case/fr fear that his father(shuld) see him.男孩躲到樹后以防被父親發(fā)現(xiàn)。Take yur raincat in case/lest it (shuld) rain.帶著你的雨衣,以防下雨。
(1)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有:s that, , 。在非正式語體中,由和引導(dǎo)的句子中that可以省略,注意其結(jié)構(gòu)形式:
s+形容詞/副詞+that 從句s+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式+that 從句s+many/much/few/little(少)+名詞+that 從句
such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式+that 從句such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+that 從句such+a lt f / lts f +名詞+that 從句
(2)當(dāng)s或such置于句首時,主句要用倒裝語序。S clever a student was he that he was able t wrk ut all the difficult prblems.他是一個如此聰明的學(xué)生,以至于他能算出所有的難題。
在時間、條件、讓步、原因等狀語從句中,當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致,或從句主語是it,且含有動詞be時,可以將從句主語和動詞be動詞省略。The schl rules state that n child shall be allwed ut f the schl during the day, unless accmpanied by an adult.學(xué)校規(guī)則規(guī)定:除非有大人的陪伴,否則任何孩子白天都不允許出學(xué)校。The prblem, if nt carefully dealt with, will cause a lt f damage.這個問題,如果不小心處理,將會造成重大損失。The dying man is mving his eyes slwly as if lking fr his family.這個奄奄一息的人慢慢地轉(zhuǎn)動眼睛好像在尋找家人。
1.確定是狀語從句空處所在的句子作整個句子的狀語時,應(yīng)用狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。2.狀語從句的特殊考點要記牢(1)連詞befre的意義及句型It will be+一段時間+befre ...“多久以后才……”;It wn't be+一段時間+befre ...“用不了多久就……”。
(2)連詞since的意義及句型It is +一段時間+since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句=It has been +一段時間+since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。該固定句型意為“自從……以來,已經(jīng)多長時間了”。(3)whether ...,疑問詞+-ever,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。(4)where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。
1.when, while, as(1)when, while, as三者都可以用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,意為“當(dāng)……的時候”。 (2)在when和as引導(dǎo)的從句中,謂語動詞既可以是延續(xù)性動詞也可以是終止性動詞,而在while引導(dǎo)的從句中,謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性動詞。(3)三者中as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時,表示主從句動作同時發(fā)生或前后緊接著發(fā)生,常譯為“(正當(dāng))……的時候”“隨著……”“一邊……一邊……”等。
2.s ..., such ...(1)二者都可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。s 后中心詞為形容詞或副詞, such后中心詞為名詞。(2)若中心詞之前有表示數(shù)量的many、much、little、few修飾時,只能用s。
(2025·湖北省武漢市江岸區(qū)高三調(diào)考)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DNA analysis reveals tw waves f migratinThe results f the study, published in the Science Bulletin, revealed tw majr migratin waves in histry. In this 1 (pineer) study, scientists frm Fudan University have dug int the ancient DNA f individuals buried in Gansu prvince, revealing interesting insights int the genetic makeup f Hexi Crridr residents dating back ver 12 centuries. The research emplyed ancient DNA data 2 (explre) human migratin alng the Hexi Crridr. The Hexi Crridr was a narrw yet crucial link 3 (cnnect) the heartland f ancient China t the Western Territry. Characterized by its lfty muntains and deserts, the ancient pathway was dtted with cities 4 (fund) alng shrt rivers. Histrical dcuments attest (證實) t the Hexi Crridr's significance as a crssrads 5 Western and Eastern civilizatins mixed thrugh trade, religin and ccasinal cnflicts fllwing the establishment f the Silk Rad during the Han Dynasty. 6 technlgical advances in bilgy pen new avenues fr explratin, archaelgists are increasingly drawn t analyzing DNA samples. Led by Wen Shaqing frm Fudan University's Institute f Archaelgical Science, the team successfully extracted DNA data 7 the teeth and bnes fund at tw sites near Dunhuang. The DNA analysis pinpinted tw utliers (異常樣本) dating t the Wei Dynasty and the Tang. Further examinatin revealed ne had apprximately 50 percent western Eurasian ancestry and the ther 30 percent, suggesting the individuals were 8 (like) descendants f unins between western Eurasian wmen and lcal men. 9 the team cncluded was that the genetic mix culd be partially attributed t thse migratins. Experts said the secnd majr migratin perid 10 (mark) by a significant shift in the gene pl. Histrical recrds say migratin facilitated by Chinese explrer Zhang Qian’ s visit t the Western Territry frm 138 BC resulted in the creatin f the Silk Rad.
pineering
cnnecting
(標(biāo)黃題號為本專題考點)
語篇類型:說明文主題語境:人與社會話題:兩次主要的移民浪潮
引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,表示“隨著”
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