
本單元詞匯梳理1. indicate:一詞多義,基本義“指示;指出”,意為“指示;指出”時(shí)是正式用語,對(duì)應(yīng)pint at / ut2. request:動(dòng)詞是正式用語,對(duì)應(yīng)ask fr 詞塊:request sb t d sth, request that sb (shuld) d sth3. fancy: 縮寫自fantasy (幻想;空想) 詞塊:fancy ding sth, catch / take sb’s fancy, fancy dress4. guy:非正式用語 (對(duì)應(yīng) man)5. wave:一詞多義:基本義:“來回?cái)[動(dòng)” 詞塊:give sb a wave, wave sb gdbye / wave gdbye t sb 6. lantern:詞塊:the lantern festival, lantern riddles7. dessert:詞源:源自法語desservir,而 desservir = des (法語否定前綴) + servir (serve,上菜),字面意思“收拾桌子”;收拾完桌子后再吃的就是甜食。
8. attract:詞源 at- (t) + tract (pull, draw 拉) → 拉過來 → 吸引 詞塊:attract … t … 派生詞:attractive, attractin9. firewrk:fire + wrk,常用復(fù)數(shù) 詞塊:let / set ff firewrks, firewrks g ff, a firewrks shw / display10. decrate:詞塊:decrate sth with sth 派生詞:decratin11. riddle:詞塊:slve / answer a riddle, guess lantern riddles12. cmpetitin:來自cmpete (v 競爭) 詞塊:have / hld a cmpetitin, enter / take part in a cmpetitin, win / lse a cmpetitin13. frmal:來自frm (模式) → 模式化的,即正式的 反義詞 infrmal;派生詞:frmally
14. hst:詞源義:招待客人的人 同源詞:htel, hspital, hspitality 派生詞:hstess 名詞動(dòng)詞化15. ccasin:c- (dwn, away) + cas (t fall),向下掉 → 偶然;場合 詞塊:n ccasin(s), n the ccasin f 派生詞:ccasinal, ccasinally16. editr:逆生法 edit17. embrace:em- (in 里) + brace (the arms 手臂) → 進(jìn)入手臂里 → 擁抱 embrace是正式用語(對(duì)應(yīng)hug)18. admit:ad- (t) + mit (t g, send) → 送出去 → 容許進(jìn)入 一詞多義:基本義“容許……進(jìn)入”;派生詞:admissin19. effrt:① 英語釋義 ② 詞塊 make an effrt t d sth, spare n effrt t d sth, time and effrt, be wrth the effrt
20. lss:動(dòng)詞lse的名詞形式;一詞多義:基本義“失去” 詞族:lse, lss, lst 詞塊:(be) at a lss, a sense f lss21. eve:詞塊:Christmas Eve, (Chinese) New Year’s Eve22. sftware:sft + ware (n 物件) 23. adult:近義詞:grwn-up 派生詞adulthd,類似childhd 24. prcess:詞塊:in the prcess (f) 名詞動(dòng)詞化:加工;處理25. retired:retire (v 退休) + -ed (分詞形容詞)26. exist:ex- (向外) + -sist (站) → 站出來的 → 存在的 詞族:exist, existence, existing27. verseas:ver (acrss 越過) + sea adv 近義詞:abrad
28. glbal:glbe + -al;派生詞:glbally 詞塊:glbal warming29. citizen:來自古法語citeien,由拉丁語civis (市民) 輾轉(zhuǎn)變化而來。古法語citeien的字面意思是“居住在cite里的人”。法語中的cite后來演變?yōu)橛⒄Z單詞 city。古希臘和古羅馬時(shí)代只有市民才有政治權(quán)利,所以citizen既是“市民”,也是“公民”。30. natinality:詞族:natin, natinal, natinality, internatinal31. audience:audi- (hear 聽見) + ence (名詞后綴) → 聽眾32. interact:inter- (frm ne t anther 相互) + act 詞塊:interact with 派生詞:interactin33. jy:抽象名詞具體化:意為“樂事”“樂趣”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞 詞塊:t ne’s jy (同結(jié)構(gòu) t ne’s surprise) 詞族:jy, enjy, jyful, jyus34. phenmenn:復(fù)數(shù)phenmena
indicate vt
? [正式用語] 指示;指出 t direct sb’s attentin t sb / sth, especially by pinting:The arrw n a sign indicates the way t g. ? 表明;顯示 t shw that sth is prbably true r exists:The study indicates a cnnectin between pverty and crime.? 示意;暗示 t say r d sth t make yur wishes, intentins etc. clear:In his letter, he indicated his willingness t cperate. He smiles and nds, indicating that everything is fine. ?indicatin n [C] & [U] 跡象;表示;標(biāo)示
在正式的邀請(qǐng)函中經(jīng)常會(huì)用到一些慣用的敬語,如“敬請(qǐng)光臨 ”、“請(qǐng)屆時(shí)出席”等等。那么大家知道這些敬語如何用英文表達(dá)嗎?
敬請(qǐng)光臨 ___________________________ 請(qǐng)屆時(shí)出席 ______________________________________
Yur presence is requested.
Yur presence is requested fr the ccasin.
比較下面兩個(gè)句子,說說ask和request的區(qū)別是什么?
She asked him t wake her at 6 ’clck.She requested him t wake her at 6 ’clck.
正式用語多用在嚴(yán)肅的正式場合,如商業(yè)信函、報(bào)告、講座、會(huì)議,以及與陌生人和比自己級(jí)別高的人的禮貌交談中。非正式用語則多用在放松的非正式場合,如與熟人的日常交流,包括會(huì)話和書信往來等。總的來說,書面語多用正式用語,口語多用非正式用語。
request是正式用語
[C] & [U] (正式的) 要求;請(qǐng)求:make a request fr help The pianist listened t ur request that he (shuld) play in public again.
at sb’s request / at the request f sb 應(yīng)某人的要求:The students were there at the teacher’s request.
[正式用語] 請(qǐng)求;要求 t ask fr sth r ask sb t d sth in a plite r frmal way:Yu can request a free ticket fr the shw at the receptin desk.
request vt
① request sb t d sth:Visitrs are requested nt t tuch the exhibits.② request + that ... (shuld) d sth:We request that the discussin (shuld) be put ff.
與ask (fr)同義,但request更正式
I?fancy?yu.?Is?that?s?hard?t?believe??我喜歡你。有那么難相信嗎?——《吸血鬼日記》
■ vt ? (BrE) [非正式用語] 想要 (feel like);喜歡:D yu fancy an ice cream? 2010 上海D yu fancy ging t the dance n Saturday night? All the girls fancied him.? [書面語] 想象;設(shè)想 t believe r imagine sth:I can’t fancy her (as / t be) a teacher. ? (BrE) 認(rèn)為……會(huì)成功 / 贏:Which team d yu fancy this year? fancy neself (as) sth 自以為是某種人
■ n [常用單數(shù)] 想要;喜歡:She has simply taken a fancy t the place. 2013 福建She said she wanted a dg but it was nly a passing fancy. catch / take sb’s fancy 引起某人的興趣:I culd d withut TV because few shws take my fancy. 2010 安徽書面表達(dá)■ adj 精致的;花哨的;異常復(fù)雜的 (反 simple) ;昂貴的;奢華的:fancy dressI wanted a simple black dress, nthing fancy. fancy restaurants with fancy prices
爵士舞 wave 動(dòng)作
詞源義和基本義是 “mve back and frth 來回移動(dòng) / 搖擺”
■ v? vi 搖擺:The branches were waving in the breeze. ? vt 揮舞;揮動(dòng):Crwds lined the rute, waving flags and cheering. ? vt & vi 揮手 (表示……);(向……) 揮手示意:wave sb gdbye / wave gdbye t sb He waved until they were ut f sight.
■ n [C]? 波 (浪):A huge wave cvered ur bat and my yunger brther fell int the sea. 北師大新必修② – 5? 揮手;招手:He gave us a wave as the bus drve ff. ? (活動(dòng)或感情的) 風(fēng)潮;浪潮:a wave f panic / prtest ? (聲、光、電等的) 波:sund waves ride a / the wave f 受益于……;乘……之勢
物體“來回移動(dòng) / 搖擺”
人“來回移動(dòng) / 搖擺”手中的物品
“來回移動(dòng) / 搖擺”手臂
揮手(表示……) (向……) 揮手示意
來回移動(dòng) / 搖擺基本義
■ vt 吸引;引起 (……的興趣):Dickens’ style f writing attracted audiences frm all walks f life. 2018 浙江attract ... t:What attracted me mst t the jb was the chance t travel.
詞源:at- (t) + tract- (pull / draw 拉) → “拉過來” → 吸引
查爾斯·狄更斯 (Charles Dickens,1812年2月7日—1870年6月9日),英國作家。主要作品有《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》(David Cpperfield)、《匹克威克外傳》 (The Pickwick Papers) 、《霧都孤兒》(Oliver Twist)、《老古玩店》(The Old Curisity Shp)、《艱難時(shí)世》(Hard Times) 、《我們共同的朋友》(Our Mutual Friend) 、《雙城記》(A Tale f Tw Cities)等。狄更斯特別注意描寫生活在英國社會(huì)底層的“小人物”的生活遭遇,深刻地反映了當(dāng)時(shí)英國復(fù)雜的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí),為英國批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)的開拓和發(fā)展做出了卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。他的作品對(duì)英國文學(xué)發(fā)展起到了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。
attractin n? [U] 吸引;吸引力:When we met at the restaurant I felt an immediate attractin fr him. ? [C] 有吸引力的事物 / 人:Hamptn Curt Palace is pen t the public as a majr turist attractin. 2015 全國改attractive adj 有吸引力的;有魅力的:This is ne f the mst attractive places I’ve been t.
圖片中的人們只有在職業(yè)場合中才會(huì)穿制服。在社交中,根據(jù)不同場合選擇合適的服裝同樣重要。
? (某事發(fā)生的) 時(shí)刻;場合 a particular time when sth happens: n this / that ccasin I’ve met him n several ccasins. Occasins are quite rare when I have the time t spend a day with my kids. 2008 山東? [常用單數(shù)] 時(shí)機(jī);機(jī)會(huì) a suitable r favurable time: I saw them at the funeral, but it was nt a suitable ccasin fr discussing hliday plans. ? 重大 / 特殊活動(dòng);盛會(huì) a special event, ceremny, celebratin, etc.: scial ccasins a special ccasin
ccasin n [C]
構(gòu)詞:c- (dwn, away) + cas (t fall),向下掉 → 偶然;場合
常用搭配n ccasin(s) 有時(shí);偶爾:It is said that n ccasin Byrn swam by mn light in the lake. 2012 湖南改n the ccasin f 在……之際: I traveled back t my hmetwn n the sad ccasin f Dad’s death. 2012 浙江詞匯拓展ccasinal adj [只用于名詞前] 偶然的;偶爾的ccasinally adv 偶爾;間或:Occasinally, I wuld read a nvel that was assigned, but I didn’t enjy this type f reading. 2019 天津
如果有勇氣承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤,那么所犯的錯(cuò)誤也是可以被原諒的。 ——李小龍
李小龍(1940-1973),師承葉問,出生于美國,祖籍中國廣東佛山。功夫片的開創(chuàng)者和截拳道創(chuàng)始人、華人武打電影演員,中國功夫首位全球推廣者、好萊塢首位華人主角。
? vt [正式用語] 容許……進(jìn)入 t allw sb / sth t enter a place: Only ticket-hlders will be admitted t / int the stadium.
? vt [正式用語] 接納;招收 t allw sb t becme a member f a club, a schl, etc.: I shall be very likely t be admitted t my dream university. 2014 四川 The table-tennis team f ur schl is admitting new players. 2017 全國書面表達(dá)
注:在日常生活中,人們通常說let sb in而不是admit sb
late 14c., “l(fā)et in,” frm Latin?admittereadmit的詞源義是“允許進(jìn)入”,在此基礎(chǔ)上衍生出各層釋義。
? vt & vi 承認(rèn) t agree, ften unwillingly, that sth is true: We shuld have the curage t admit (t) ur mistakes. I had t admit (t) being nervus abut the test.
? vt & vi 供認(rèn) t say that yu have dne sth wrng r illegal: He refused t admit (t) the ther charges. She admitted having stlen / stealing the car.
? [U] & [C] 接納;進(jìn)入權(quán);準(zhǔn)許入會(huì) / 學(xué): Admissin by ticket. She failed t gain admissin t the university f her chice. the university admissins plicy / ffice
? [C] [常作單數(shù)] 承認(rèn);供認(rèn): an admissin f a mistake / failure
admissin n
? [U] 入場費(fèi): admissin charges / prices
admittedly adv [句子副詞] 誠然;不可否認(rèn)地:The technique is painful, admittedly, but it benefits the patient greatly.
admit 語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
admit容許……進(jìn)入(基本義)
“容許”事情“進(jìn)入”內(nèi)心
“容許”人“進(jìn)入”組織或機(jī)構(gòu)
“容許”物體“進(jìn)入”某地
“容許”自己做錯(cuò)了的事“進(jìn)入”公眾視野
接納;準(zhǔn)許入會(huì) / 學(xué);入場費(fèi)
I might say that success is wn by three things: first, effrt; secnd, mre effrt; third, still mre effrt. — Thmas Hardy可以說成功之道唯三點(diǎn):努力,努力,再努力! ——托馬斯·哈代
托馬斯·哈代 (Thmas Hardy,1840 — 1928) ,英國詩人、小說家。哈代早期和中期的創(chuàng)作以小說為主,繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)了維多利亞時(shí)代的文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)。代表作品有小說《德伯家的苔絲》(Tess f the D’Urbervilles)、《無名的裘德》(Jude the Obscure) 等。晚年以其詩歌開拓了英國20世紀(jì)的文學(xué)。
effrt由前綴ex- “ut” + 詞根 frtis “strng”構(gòu)成,和frce是同根詞,意為 “frce, strength, pwer”,即“力量”。
? [U] & [C] 氣力;精力 the physical and mental energy that’s needed t d sth:She puts her time and effrt int her businesses, and int helping thers.Visit the museum when yu’re there. It’s well wrth the effrt.With (an) effrt she managed t stp herself laughing.
? [C] 努力;盡力 an attempt t d sth that’s difficult:Greg has gne n a diet in an effrt t lse sme weight.What’s the pint f helping him if he desn’t make an effrt t help himself?Let’s start right nw and spare n effrt t d a little bit every minute!? [C] [常用于名詞后] 有組織的活動(dòng):the internatinal relief / rescue effrt
= try hard t
詞匯拓展? effrtless adj 不需費(fèi)力的【詞族】effrt, effrtless, effrtlessly
1. Having lst his father, Ry became very unhappy. 2. I lst my way in the netwrk f tiny alleys. 3. Argentina lst t German in the 2014 FIFA Wrld Cup. 4. The cmpany lst heavily because f wrng judgment.5. I lst the last sentence f his speech. 6. Cme n, there’s n time t lse.
lse (lst, lst) vt 失去;丟失;喪失
lss 抽象名詞由動(dòng)詞lse轉(zhuǎn)化而來
? 失去;喪失(基本義)
? vt & vi (使) 虧損;(使) 損失
? vt & vi 輸?shù)?br/>? vt 迷失;使迷路
lse neself in 專心于;全神貫注于:She listened attentively t the music, lsing herself in its beauty. (be) lst in 沉湎于;專注于:He was lst in his bks and did nt ntice my cming. Lst in thught, he almst ran int the car in frnt f him. ? lser n [C] 失敗者;輸家
lss n [C] & [U]
? 遺失;失去;喪失:a sense f lss hair / hearing / weight lss lss f memry / memry lss? 死亡;去世:I was trying t recver frm the lss f my father. ? 虧損;損失:prfit and lss The cmpany made a lss f $100,000 last year. If she leaves, it will be a big lss t the schl.
(be) at a lss 感到迷惑;不知所措:We are at a lss as t what kind f business t start.Their snwy muntain tps frm a beautiful picture that will leave yu at a lss fr wrds (= unable t think what t say).
? (使)虧損;(使)損失
節(jié)假日活動(dòng)話題詞匯思維導(dǎo)圖
Christmas, Easter, Thanksgiving Day, etc.
festivals &celebratins
freignfestivals
things we giveand receive
traditinalfestivals
Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Tmb Sweeping Day, Dragn Bat Festival, Mid-autumn Day, etc.
gift, flwer, present, red envelpe, scarf, etc.
balln, ceremny, custm, decratin, pster, firewrk, fancy dress, lantern, ccasin, picnic, riddle, cmpetitin, etc.
dumpling, zngzi, mncake,dessert, turkey, etc.
celebrate, display, dress up, gather, have fun, prepare, take part in, participate in, etc.
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast. ______2. She tk ut a map and indicated the quickest rute t us. ______3. Ralph patted the sfa t indicate that she shuld jin him. ______4. Kingstn-upn-Thames, as the name indicates, is situated n the banks f the Thames. ______
根據(jù)所給漢語,用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. 他們要求再給一些援助。(request n) They _____________________ further aid.2. 應(yīng)你們的要求,我們將寄送詳盡的節(jié)目說明。(request n) We will send yu full prgram descriptins _____________. 3. 我寫信是想請(qǐng)求你們幫我把包找回來。(2010 重慶書面表達(dá)) I am writing t yu t _____________________ find the bag back. 4. 她要求不要向任何人透露她的決定。(被動(dòng)語態(tài)) She requested that n ne ___________________________.
made a request fr
(shuld) be tld f her decisin
at yur request
request yu t help me
一、根據(jù)所給漢語及提示,用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. I culd d withut TV because few shws ____________________ (引起我的興趣). (fancy n)2. Srry, but I dn’t ______________ (想出去) n this cld rainy day. (fancy v)二、寫出下列句子中畫線部分精準(zhǔn)的漢語釋義。1. Harry tk me t a fancy restaurant with fancy prices fr my birthday. ______________________2. Many f the marathn runners cmpete in fancy dress. ______________3. She fancies herself as anther Madnna. ________________
fancy ging ut
take / catch my fancy
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. A wave f fear swept ver her.______________ 2. He greeted them with a wave and a brad smile. _____________3. Hspital staff were utside t welcme him, waving flags and applauding. ______________4. At night, I listened t the sund f the waves crashing against the shre. ______________5. Thse memries are sme f the few I have f the heat wave f 1962. (2014 山東) ______________
一、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. What attracted me mst _________ the jb was the chance t travel.2. Titanic is a classic film which _____________ (attract) lts f viewers.3. Chengdu has dzens f new millinaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new htels. But fr turists like me, pandas are its tp ________ (attract). (2016 全國)4. These sprts attract few viewers. Hwever, the audience fr these sprts is _________ (attract) t certain advertisers. (2012 廣東改)二、根據(jù)所給漢語,用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. Thusands f freigners ____________________ (被……吸引) the Shanghai Wrld Exp the day it pened.2. The debate _________________________________________ (吸引了很多關(guān)注).
were attracted t
attracts / attracted much / a lt f attentin
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. I have a suit but I nly wear it n special ccasins. _____________2. Chinese New Year is an ccasin fr all the family t celebrate. _____________3. Our teacher is strict n ccasins, but we all like her. _____________4. Cngratulatins n the ccasin f the New Year! _____________二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. I saw Bb play the pian at Jhn’s party and ________ that ccasin he was simply brilliant.2. This was the ccasin _____ expressins f friendship by the tw presidents.3. I’ve been writing this reprt ___________ (ccasinal) fr the last tw weeks, but it has t be handed in tmrrw. (2011 浙江改)
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. She admitted having driven the car withut insurance. _________ 2. Yu will nt be admitted t the theatre after the perfrmance has started. _________ 3. He was studying in the hpe f being admitted t an engineering cllege. _________ 4. A number f peple have admitted that despite their success, they aren’t happy. (2015 浙江改) _________
二、根據(jù)所給漢語,用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. Yu shuld have the curage t ______________________ (承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤). 2. Did he ___________________________ (承認(rèn)打破了窗戶嗎)?3. This ticket _____________________ (可讓兩人進(jìn)場). 4. Their petry club has recently ___________________________ (招收了幾名新社員). 5. Gates pen at 10:30 a.m. and __________________ (免費(fèi)入場). 6. ________________________ (這家公園最晚的入園時(shí)間) are at 6:00 p.m.
admit yur mistakes
admits tw persns
admitted a few new members
admit (t) breaking the windw
Last admissins t the park
admissin is free
一、根據(jù)所給漢語,用帶有effrt的詞塊完成下列句子。1. Kim is ______________________________ (努力減肥).2. The lcal clubs are _____________________________ (盡一切努力使……感興趣) mre yung peple.3. Parents arrange everything fr their children and ______________________ (不遺余力) t pave (鋪) the way fr their success. (2013 福建)4. Visit the museum when yu’re there. It’s __________________________ (很值得一游 ). 二、根據(jù)所給提示,將下列句子譯成英語。我努力在緊急情況下保持鎮(zhèn)靜。(make an effrt, emergency) ____________________________________________________________
I made an effrt t keep calm in an emergency.
well wrth the effrt
spare n effrt
making an effrt t lse weight
making every effrt t interest
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. She must be feeling very lnely after the lss f her husband. ___________2. We see yur ging as a great lss t the cmpany. ___________3. ?When she died I was filled with a sense f lss. ____________4. I want t reprt the lss f a package. ____________二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1. The animal was weak thrugh lss _________ bld. 2. I’m _________ a lss what t d next.3. His cmments left me at a lss _________ wrds.
三、根據(jù)所給提示完成下列句子。_____________________ (減肥) shuld be gradual.When her sn finally left hme, Emily felt cmpletely ____________________ (茫然若失).3. The firm ____________________ (虧損) 6 millin last year.4. Thugh many reasns ther than Alzheimer’s disease may cause __________________________ (失憶) , its early diagnsis (診斷) and treatment may delay sme f the mst serius effects.
Weight lss
made a lss f
memry lss / lss f memry
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