賓語(yǔ)從句，在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句
在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)的從句叫作狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)其作用不同，分為九類狀語(yǔ)從句。
人稱代詞是為了避免重復(fù)，用來(lái)代替前面提到過(guò)的人、事物等名詞的詞，主要包括“你、我、他，她／它、你們、我們、他們／她們／它們”等代詞。人稱代詞有人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)以及格的變化。
1、when/ while/ as引導(dǎo)詞：
（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間）
2、until/ till 引導(dǎo)詞：① until和till意為“直到”，很多時(shí)候可以互換，但是用于句首的時(shí)候，常用until。Until yu get back, I will sit here. ② 【拓展】nt until置于句首，主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Nt until the film began did she arrive.③ 在肯定句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：I will wait until/ till yu cme back.④ 在否定句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用短暫性動(dòng)詞：I wn’t leave until/ till yu cme back.
3、as sn as 引導(dǎo)詞：as sn as意為“一就”，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一般用“主將從現(xiàn)”、“主過(guò)從過(guò)”。He will cme and see yu as sn as he can. （主將從現(xiàn)）The students became quiet as sn as the teacher came in. （主過(guò)從過(guò)）4、since 引導(dǎo)詞：since意為“自從以來(lái)”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，since引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。My grandma has lived here since she was a little girl.
5、befre/ after 引導(dǎo)詞：① befre意為“在之前”，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作，發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后。Befre I g t bed, I always brush my teeth.② after意為“在之后”，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作，發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。After the rain stpped, we went dwn the muntain.
1. — Learning t lve is like learning t walk. —Yes, ____ we step ut bravely, we can find it easy.A. althugh B. when C. unless 2. They have been friends _______ they first met.A. since B. while C. befre D. after3. He was s tired that he fell asleep ________ he went t the bed.A. as if B. even thugh C. ever since D. as sn as
1、if 引導(dǎo)詞：①　if 意為“如果”： If yu get up late, yu will miss the train.2、as/ s lng as 引導(dǎo)詞：as/ s lng as意為“只要”：As/ s lng as yu stick t yur dream,yu’ll make it cme true ne day.
（表示條件或前提的從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”、“主過(guò)從過(guò)”原則）
3、unless 引導(dǎo)詞：① unless = if … nt “除非，如果不”?：E.g. They will g tmrrw unless it rains. = They will g tmrrw if it desn’t rain.② （拓展）若unless引導(dǎo)的從句本身為否定句，則unless不能用來(lái)替換：E.g. —Paul is badly hurt n the playgrund. Let’s help him up. —Dn’t mve him unless yu knw sme first-aid knwledge.
1. — Can we win the game tmrrw? — Of curse, _______ we try ur best.A. if B. r C. unless2. Yu wn’t fully experience the culture f a freign cuntry _______ yu g there in persn.A. because B. unless C. as sn as D. as lng as3. We will make fewer mistakes_______ we are careful enugh.A. as lng as B. s that C. as far as D. even if
1、althugh/thugh 引導(dǎo)詞：althugh/thugh意為“盡管，雖然”，不與but連用，但可用yet/ still.Althugh/ thugh he wrks hard, yet he makes slw prgress.2、even if/ even thugh 引導(dǎo)詞：even if/ even thugh意為“即使，盡管”Even if / even thugh it rains, he will cme n time.
（表示主句中的某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)與從句中的某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在意義上有部分矛盾。）
3、wh-ever類 引導(dǎo)詞：whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whever = “n matter + wh-”.Whatever yu want, I’ll give it t yu. =N matter what yu want, I’ll give it t yu. Wherever my sister visits, she will send me a pstcard. =N matter where my sister visits, she will send me a pstcard.
1. ________ it rained a lt, we enjyed ur hliday.A. Althugh B. because C. unless D. hwever2. Miss Lin is very helpful. She ften helps us _______ we are in truble.A. whether B. althugh C. whenever D. hwever.
（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句表示主句中某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果）
1、s that 引導(dǎo)詞：s that意為“因此，以致于”.He gt up early, s that he caught the early bus.
2、s… that… 引導(dǎo)詞：意為“如此以致于”
① The wind was s strng that we culd hardly mve frward.② She is s beautiful a girl that everybdy lves her.③ He has s few friends that he ften feels lnely.④ I had s little mney that I culdn’t buy a pen.
3、such… that… 引導(dǎo)詞：③　意為“如此以致于”
① We had such bad weather that we culdn’t g ut.② They are such gd children that we all lve them.③ She is such a beautiful girl that everybdy lves her.
4、s…that… 與 such… that… 互換：兩者都意為“如此以致于”
s+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句=such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句 E.g. She is s beautiful a girl that everybdy lves her. = She is such a beautiful girl that everybdy lves her.
1. She raised her vice________everyne in the rm culd hear her.A. s that B. as sn as C. n matter D. even thugh 2. Her yungest sn is___yung ______ he can't dress himself.A. t; t B. s; that C. such; that D. very; that 3．Sally is ________ a shy girl that she is afraid f speaking in publicA．quiteB．such C．s
（表示主句中的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的目的或動(dòng)機(jī)）
1、s that/ in rder that 引導(dǎo)詞：s that，in rder that 意為“以便，為了”。目的狀語(yǔ)從句中常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用：can, culd，may, might，will，wuld，shuld等。I am studying hard s that/in rder that I can enter a famus university.Speak luder s that / in rder that everyne can hear yu.
（在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)的從句）
語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)弱：because＞since＞as
（表示位置或方向的從句）
1、where, wherever 引導(dǎo)詞：where, wherever意為“在地方，在任何地方”:We shuld g where the Party needs us mst.Wherever yu g, I will be here waiting fr yu.
（在句中作比較狀語(yǔ)的句子）
1、as…as… 引導(dǎo)：同級(jí)比較:as…as…，意為“A與B一樣”肯定句：He speaks English as well as yu d.否定句：He desn't run s/as fast as Jack (des).2、than 引導(dǎo)詞:兩者比較：A+比較級(jí) than+B，意為“A比B更…”He is taller than yu.
（描述主句中動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的方式或方法的從句）
1、as引導(dǎo)詞：as 意為“按照、正如、像、如同”Water is t fish as air is t man.When yu eat Western fd, d as Westerners d.2、as if, as thugh 引導(dǎo)詞:as if, as thugh意為“似乎，好像”① 當(dāng)從句所說(shuō)的情況不是現(xiàn)實(shí)，而是主觀的想象或夸大性比喻，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。He spke as if he were the wner f this huse.② 當(dāng)從句說(shuō)表示的情況是事實(shí)或者實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大時(shí)，從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。The sky is dark as if it’s ging t rain.
1．The husewarming party didn’t start ________ all the guests arrived.A．sinceB．until C．whileD．if2．Yu’d better make a plan ________ yu travel.A．until B．a(chǎn)fter C．befre D．since3．—D yu g t the party? —N. ________ yu g with me.A．BecauseB．UnlessC．UntilD．Thugh4．________ yu stick t yur rules, yu will be the ne wh can manage yur life well.A．As lng asB．As sn asC．In rder that D．Even thugh5．________ yu meet difficulties, yu shuldn’t give up.A．N matter whenB．N matter whatC．N matter hw
6．Tm can recite s many pems ________ he is three years ld.A．a(chǎn)sB．thughC．s7．We are making a big cake fr Dad ________ it’s his birthday tday.A．becauseB．until C．nce8．_________ yu are free tday, culd yu help me with husewrk?A．SinceB．ThughC．UnlessD．Until9．Mary has learned a lt abut the histry f Beijing ______ she can be a tur guide.A．s thatB．a(chǎn)fter allC．even if10．— Happiness is abut having each tiny wish cme true. — That’s right. ________ we wrk hard, we’ll make ur life full f happiness.A．If B．UnlessC．ThughD．But
11．________ my yunger brther is seven years ld, he can learn English by ________.A．Althugh; himselfB．Thugh; herselfC．But; neself12．My daughter is studying in Nanchang. ________ I’m nt with her, I have a vide chat with her every day.A．UntilB．Even thugh C．Ever since D．Unless13．The teacher speaks very ludly ________ all the students can hear her.A．whenB．becauseC．sinceD．s that14．Tina listened carefully ________ she culd discver what she needed.A．in rder thatB．such thatC．becauseD．even thugh15．Sandy is ________ clever that she has wrked ut such difficult maths prblems.A．tB．veryC．sD．such

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