1.主語+系動詞+表語①These bks are interesting. 主語 系動詞 表語②He became a teacher. 主語 系動詞 表語
2.主語+謂語(不及物動詞)(+狀語)His first bk came ut in 2021. 主語 謂語 狀語
3.主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語(+狀語)My sister bught a very gd bk yesterday. 主語 謂語 賓語 狀語
4.主語+謂語(及物動詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語My aunt sent me chclates. 主語 謂語 間接賓語 直接賓語
5.主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語Running makes me strng. 主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補(bǔ)足語
6.存現(xiàn)句[2015.43]There are many bks in his schlbag.There be 主語 狀語
●存現(xiàn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)There be+主語+其他成分
●存現(xiàn)句的變化肯定句式There is a cat in the rm.There be 主語 狀語
否定句式There is . .nt a bank nearby.There be nt 主語 狀語疑問句式Are there any bks in the bx? Be there 主語 狀語
●存現(xiàn)句的時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時:There is/are+主語(+其他)一般過去時:There was/were+主語(+其他)一般將來時:There is/are ging t be/will be+主語(+其他)
●存現(xiàn)句中的主謂一致 There be句型中be動詞的形式要與離它最近的主語保持一致,即遵循"就近原則"。如:There is a tree and sme flwers in the garden.
并列復(fù)合句是指由并列連詞and, but, r等把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。常見的并列連詞的用法講解見專題六 連詞→考點(diǎn)1 并列連詞。
初中階段學(xué)習(xí)的主從復(fù)合句主要包括賓語從句、狀語從句和關(guān)系從句。
1.賓語從句 安徽近10年中考真題在單項(xiàng)填空和完形填空中涉及對賓語從句連接詞的考查,具體考查情況為:hw[2020.29; 2017.41], when[2016.38; 2014.38], why[2018.39],whether[2021.28]。
(2)語序 不管整個句子是表示肯定還是表示疑問,賓語從句都采用陳述語序。如:
① I knw when I can get the result f the test. 我知道我什么時候能得知測驗(yàn)結(jié)果。
②Can yu tell me where I can get my car repaired? 你能告訴我到哪里修車嗎?
(3)時態(tài)①主句:一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時→賓語從句:根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定I dn't knw when he left last night. 我不知道昨晚他何時離開的。②主句:一般過去時、過去進(jìn)行時→賓語從句:與過去相關(guān)的某種時態(tài)I didn't knw wh she was. 我不知道她是誰。③主句:任意時態(tài)→賓語從句(說明客觀事實(shí)或真理):一般現(xiàn)在時My teacher said that the mn mves rund the Earth.我的老師說過月亮圍著地球轉(zhuǎn)。
2.狀語從句 狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo),按其用途主要分為時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、讓步狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句等。狀語從句是安徽中考的必考點(diǎn),主要在單項(xiàng)填空和完形填空中進(jìn)行考查。??嫉脑~有:thugh, unless, if, since, because, until, while, as, befre等。
(1)狀語從句的分類和用法(講解見專題六 連詞 →考點(diǎn)2 從屬連詞)
(2)主句和從句的時態(tài)①主將從現(xiàn)(時間、條件狀語從句中):主句:一般將來時→從句:一般現(xiàn)在時表將來If it desn't rain tmrrw, we will visit the Great Wall. 如果明天不下雨,我們將去游覽長城。②主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn):主句:祈使句或主句中有情態(tài)動詞→從句:一般現(xiàn)在時表將來Yu can get gd grades if yu study hard. 你如果努力學(xué)習(xí),就能取得好成績。
③過去時態(tài):主句:一般過去時/過去進(jìn)行時→從句:一般過去時/過去進(jìn)行時Smene kncked at the dr when we were having supper. 當(dāng)我們正在吃晚飯的時候,有人敲門。
The hrse that I rde was lazy. 我騎的那匹馬很懶。The pht which we liked best was taken by Lily. 我們最喜歡的照片是由莉莉拍攝的。
(1)關(guān)系代詞只能用that,不能用which的情況①當(dāng)先行詞為all,anything, smething, everything, nthing, few等不定代詞時。如:There is nthing that can stp him frm ding it. 沒有任何東西能夠阻止他做這件事。②當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。如:This is the mst expensive gift (that) I have ever gt. 這是我收到的最貴的禮物。
③當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the nly, the same等修飾時。如:This is the very bk (that) yu want.這正是你想要的那本書。④當(dāng)先行詞中既有人又有物時。如:They are talking f the designers and their wrks that interest them. 他們正在談?wù)撍麄兏信d趣的設(shè)計師及其作品。
(2)關(guān)系代詞只能用which,不能用that的情況①引導(dǎo)非限制性關(guān)系從句時。如:His best mvie, which wn several prizes, was abut the life f a pr wman.他最優(yōu)秀的電影,就是榮獲幾項(xiàng)大獎的那一部,是關(guān)于一個貧窮女人的生平的。②關(guān)系詞前有介詞時。如:This is the city in which I nce lived. 這就是我曾居住過的城市。
(3)關(guān)系代詞的省略 不管關(guān)系從句修飾的是人還是物,如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語,通??梢允÷?。但當(dāng)關(guān)系詞which、whm在從句中作介詞的賓語并且介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前時,不可省略。如:I remember the day n which I saw yu fr the first time. 我記得我第一次見你的那一天。
1.[2016安徽中考] —Lk at the stne bridge! D yu knw___it was built?—In the 1860s. It is quite ld.
A.whenB.hwC.whereD.why
2.[2014安徽中考] Rick has learned a lt abut Chinese culture ___ he came t China.
A.befreB.whenC.untilD.since
3.It can be difficult t fly a kite ___ there's a wind.
A.unlessB.whenC.becauseD.thugh
4.—D yu knw ___sme animals sleep fr the whle winter?—One f the reasns is that they can't find enugh fd.
A.hwB.whyC.whereD.when
5.___ we wrk hard, we'll make ur life full f happiness.
A.IfB.UnlessC.ThughD.Befre
6.Hurry up, ___ we will miss the last subway.
A.butB.andC.rD.s
閱讀短文,從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空,使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞,每詞限用一次。
D yu believe a rse plant says "I want sme water" 1.____ that a tree shuts "My arms hurt"? Maybe yu will say 2._____ this culd nly happen in sme children's stries.
In fact, plants are nt always silent. A recent study has fund plants shut 3.______ they are in need f water. Even in a quiet field, there are actually sme sunds 4._______ carry infrmatin. Hwever, the pitch (音高) is t high fr peple t hear. "There 5.___ a pssibility that a lt f cmmunicatin is happening," Prfessr Hadany said.
1.—There ___ a basketball game against Class Tw this Sunday.—I see. I will cme and cheer yu n.
A.is ging t beB.will haveC.is ging t haveD.was ging t be
2.[2023宿遷中考] —There ___ a lt f new magazines in ur schl reading rm.—Oh, really? Shall we g there this afternn?
A.isB.wasC.areD.were
3.—The number f wrds yu remember depends n ___ yu review them.—I agree with yu, and I g ver wrds every few days.
A.hw snB.hw lngC.hw ftenD.hw far
4.—I am wndering ___ yu'd like t cme t my party tmrrw.—I'm afraid I can't because I'm nt feeling well these days.
A.hwB.whenC.whyD.whether
5.—Culd yu tell me ___ yu will g t the hspital?—Sure. My grandpa is ill, and I want t lk after him.
6.—Culd yu please tell me ___the ancient Silk Rad started?—In the Han Dynasty.
A.whereB.whenC.hwD.why
7.[2023合肥包河區(qū)三模] —D yu think we can get t the airprt n time?—Yes, ___ the car desn't break dwn.
A.thughB.unlessC.ifD.until
8.I will never frget the peple ___ have helped me and encuraged me during the past three years.
A.whichB.whC.whseD.whm
請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。每詞限用一次。
Lazi is a great man in China. He tells us 1._____ the best character is just like water. All life in the wrld cannt live withut water, 2._____ water never asks fr anything in return. It just keeps giving quietly. It seems that we have always taken qualities like bravery and tughness (堅韌) as virtues (美德), but we shuld nt frget 3.______ water has taught us.
In dealing with peple, we can act like water. D ur best t help thers withut trying t get praise r mney 4._____ stay humble (謙虛的). It is unwise t always talk abut the help yu gave t thers. Remember water will nt chse 5._______ it will g; it just flws t the place where it is needed.

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