1.原文一致原則內(nèi)容要前后銜接，上下連貫語(yǔ)言表達(dá)風(fēng)格一致。2.正能量原則故事內(nèi)容一定要正能量，弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀。如迷路了但最終一定回到了家；失敗了或遇到困難了，但最終一定成功了；吵架了但最后一定是言歸于好，和睦相處；犯錯(cuò)了，最后一定會(huì)改過(guò)自新，重新做人；賊逃了，最后一定是繩之以法，等等。3.曲折性原則凡是故事都應(yīng)有跌宕起伏，其中人物會(huì)遇到困難或問(wèn)題，但最終能解決。
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
Ali and his yunger sister, Zahra, lived with their parents in a pr neighbrhd. Their mther was very sick and their father was struggling t find a jb, and they had nly a little mney with which t buy fd. As they had nt paid the rent fr several mnths, the landlrd was breathing dwn their necks(盯著他們). One day, Ali tk Zahra’s shes t a she repairman t be fixed, but he lst them n the way hme. It wasn’t until he gt hme that he realized he had lst the shes. He was afraid that his parents wuld be angry and disappinted, s he begged his sister t keep it secret.
Zahra agreed and the tw decided t share Ali’s running shes. Zahra’s schl hurs were in the mrning, s she wuld wear them first. After schl, she wuld rush back and give them t Ali. He culd then run t his schl, which began in the afternn. Althugh he ran as fast as he culd, Ali ften arrived late and was warned by the schl. Ali heard abut a lng distance race that was held fr the bys in the city. When he learned that the third prize was a new pair f shes, he decided t take part. He ran hme excitedly and prmised his sister that he wuld win her the new shes.
The day f race arrived. Ali had a strng start, but halfway thrugh the race he began t get tired and his legs began t ache. Getting mre and mre exhausted(筋疲力盡的), he thught nly f Zahra and his prmise t her. Dreaming f the new shes, he wuld win fr his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the tw fastest runners, determined t finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, anther runner cllided(碰撞) with Ali frm behind and he crashed t the grund.Paragraph 1： Ali lked up and saw the ther bys rushing ahead. Paragraph 2： Filled with pleasure, Ali walked hme quickly.
主要是根據(jù)記敘文的六要素弄清文章大意，特別要弄清故事的人物，時(shí)態(tài)(通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí))，事件(故事的起因和經(jīng)過(guò))，語(yǔ)言特色(以便在續(xù)寫(xiě)時(shí)語(yǔ)言特色前后一致，保持不變)，等等。
人物時(shí)態(tài)和事件 語(yǔ)言特色不要變
●阿里和他的妹妹薩拉和他們的父母非常貧窮，生活拮據(jù)。●一天，阿里拿薩拉的鞋子去修補(bǔ)，但是在回家的路上弄丟了。他把自己的鞋子借給妹妹一起穿?！駷榱私o妹妹贏得作為獎(jiǎng)品的新鞋，阿里決定參加長(zhǎng)跑?！裨诒荣愔?，阿里很快就累了，但他為了妹妹的新鞋，決心要拿第三名。●突然，另一個(gè)跑步者與阿里相撞，阿里摔倒在地。
1.關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)文中使用了s, but, suddenly等連接詞語(yǔ)。
2.分詞短語(yǔ)Getting mre and mre exhausted(筋疲力盡的), he thught nly f Zahra and his prmise t her. Dreaming f the new shes，he wuld win fr his sister... Filled with pleasure, Ali walked hme quickly.
3.強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)It wasn’t until he gt hme that ...
4.各類從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：Althugh he ran as fast as he culd, ...時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：When he learned that...定語(yǔ)從句： lng distance race that was held fr the bys...賓語(yǔ)從句： his sister that he wuld win...
由續(xù)寫(xiě)的第一段首句與第二段首句確定第一段的框架。
第二段的框架，由第二段首句與正能量結(jié)尾來(lái)確定。
Ali lked up and saw the ther bys rushing ahead. （阿里抬起頭，看見(jiàn)其他男孩跑在前面。）Filled with pleasure, Ali walked hme quickly. （阿里滿心歡喜地快步走回家。）
Paragraph 1：1.由續(xù)寫(xiě)的第一段首句“saw the ther bys rushing ahead”可知，在阿里摔倒的時(shí)候，其他男孩都已經(jīng)超越他了。 2. 由第二段首句 “Filled with pleasure, Ali walked hme quickly. ”可知，下段比賽已經(jīng)結(jié)束，阿里開(kāi)心地快步走回家，證明應(yīng)是得到了想要的獎(jiǎng)品。本段寫(xiě)阿里在比賽中的所想、所做和所遇。注意結(jié)尾要與下段語(yǔ)義銜接。
由第一段框架可知，第一段中堅(jiān)持完成比賽的阿里得到了獎(jiǎng)品。那本段應(yīng)是阿里趕著回家把鞋子送給妹妹，兄妹倆的所說(shuō)、所做、所感。Paragraph 2：1.由續(xù)寫(xiě)的第二段首句“Filled with pleasure”可知，阿里贏得了他想要的獎(jiǎng)品，急著回家送給妹妹。2.由正能量結(jié)尾可知，阿里實(shí)現(xiàn)了當(dāng)初對(duì)妹妹的承諾。要寫(xiě)出妹妹等待禮物時(shí)的緊張，兄妹倆對(duì)得到獎(jiǎng)品的激動(dòng)之情，突出哥哥對(duì)妹妹的承諾和愛(ài)。
在已定框架范圍內(nèi)，依據(jù)情節(jié)發(fā)展和生活常識(shí)，推斷故事中人物所見(jiàn)、所聞、所思、所說(shuō)、所做等給每段增加5至8個(gè)具體細(xì)節(jié)，我們稱之為“58細(xì)節(jié)添加法”。
Paragraph 1Ali lked up and saw the ther bys rushing ahead. （阿里抬起頭，看見(jiàn)其他男孩跑在前面。）
從所給材料結(jié)尾和本段首句可知，在他摔倒時(shí)大家已經(jīng)沖到前面;從下段首句Filled with pleasure說(shuō)明阿里在比賽結(jié)束時(shí)是開(kāi)心的，而且想快點(diǎn)回家說(shuō)明好消息，所以本段應(yīng)是寫(xiě)阿里在比賽中的所想、所做和所遇。因此，本段可以這樣構(gòu)思：
所想不想放棄，盡量快跑所做沖過(guò)終點(diǎn)，奪得第四愧對(duì)妹妹，悲傷落淚所遇廣播通知，取消資格因那選手，故意撞人重回第三，贏得獎(jiǎng)品
Paragraph 2Filled with pleasure, Ali walked hme quickly.（阿里滿心歡喜地快步走回家。）
從本段首句可知，阿里開(kāi)心地趕回家，上段末阿里得到了獎(jiǎng)品，那么， 本段是寫(xiě)把獎(jiǎng)品送給妹妹的情景。寫(xiě)出妹妹等待禮物的緊張和兄妹倆得到獎(jiǎng)品時(shí)的感動(dòng)之情。因此，可以這樣構(gòu)思：
得到獎(jiǎng)品，快趕回家心急妹妹，已等許久緊張焦急，期待禮物拿出獎(jiǎng)品，激動(dòng)不已兄妹相擁，喜極而泣
審讀初稿，注意語(yǔ)義是否銜接，前后是否連貫，事件是否符合邏輯，語(yǔ)言特色是否與前文一致。在修改潤(rùn)色之后，整齊工整地謄寫(xiě)在答卷上。
Paragraph 1
Ali lked up and saw the ther bys rushing ahead. Refusing t give up, he ran as fast as he culd. He dashed acrss the finishing line and wn the furth prize. Thinking he wuld let his sister dwn, Ali culdn’t help crying. Just then he suddenly heard the annuncement frm the bradcast that he wn the third prize as the runner wh kncked Ali dwn was disqualified fr breaking the rule. Hlding the shes clse t his chest during the award ceremny, Ali felt happy as he eventually wn the shes fr his sister.
Paragraph 2
Filled with pleasure, Ali walked hme quickly. He culd nt wait t see his sister. On his arrival, Ali fund Zahra was waiting utside. Nervus and anxius, Zahra wndered whether her brther had brught her what she was expecting. “Zahra, see what I have gt fr yu,” Ali said excitedly, taking the prize ut f his bag. The instant Zahra saw the shes, her face lit up. S thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali. “Thank yu! Ali.” Tears f jy welled up in their eyes as the brther and the sister hugged tightly tgether.
■阿里被人撞倒后沒(méi)有放棄，最終因?yàn)榕卸莻€(gè)選手取消資格重奪第三，最終得到獎(jiǎng)品送給妹妹，體現(xiàn)故事的曲折性原則。
1.語(yǔ)義銜接：Refusing t ... culd. 與上文語(yǔ)義銜接；He dashed acrss ... 體現(xiàn)正能量，為所想所做；后文為所遇。第一段寫(xiě)阿里如何完成比賽得到獎(jiǎng)品，第二段寫(xiě)趕快回家將獎(jiǎng)品送給妹妹，前后一致。
2.上下連貫：有效使用Just then, eventually, On his arrival等銜接詞。
3.語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格一致：分詞短語(yǔ) Thinking he wuld let his sister dwn, Arli... Hlding the shes clse t his chest, Arli felt...定語(yǔ)從句： runner wh kncked Ali dwn was disqualified...賓語(yǔ)從句： that he wn the third prize...狀語(yǔ)從句：The instant Zahra saw the shes, her face lit up...

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