She eats an ice-cream.
An ice-cream is eaten by her.
語態(tài)一、定義 語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。
Many students study English. English is studied by many students.
by many students.
Many students study English.
am/is/are+過去分詞
was/were +過去分詞
They bught a cmputer last term．
by them last term.
will be/be ging t be+過去分詞
1.They will finish the wrk in ten days.
by them in ten days.
will be finished
2.Tm is ging t clean the rm tmrrw.
is ging t be cleaned
by Tm tmrrw.
am / is / are + being ＋過去分詞
Sme wrkers are painting the rms nw．
by sme wrkers nw.
are being painted
was / were + being ＋過去分詞
He was watching TV at that time yesterday．
by him at that time yesterday．
was being watched
“be being dne” 中的動詞be應(yīng)隨主語作相應(yīng)的變化.如：The students are cleaning the classrm nw. →The classrm nw.
be + being ＋過去分詞
is being cleaned
have / has ＋been ＋過去分詞
We have made a key．
has been made
We had finished ur cmpsitins.
Our cmpsitins
had been finished
had ＋been ＋過去分詞
wuld ＋be ＋過去分詞
The Schl wuld hld a sprts meeting next Thursday.
by the schl next Thursday.
A sprts meeting
wuld be held
含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：
情態(tài)動詞 + be+過去分詞
Yu shuld drink mre water.
shuld be drunk
主動和被動語態(tài)謂語結(jié)構(gòu)對照表
1.Lucy des the hmewrk in the built the tall building last will hld a sprts meeting next headmaster is ging t give a talk this afternn.
The hmewrk is dne by Lucy in the evening.
The tall building was built by them last year.
A sprts meeting will be held by us next week.
A talk is ging t be given by the headmaster this afternn.
5.They were building the bridge at this time last may draw the pictures.7. I have given yu the new is drawing a picture.
The picture may be drawn by Lucy.
The new bk has been given t yu.
The bridge was being built by them at this time last year.
A picture is being drawn by him.
Such bks are written fr children.
（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。
Many huses were washed away in the fld.
（2）強調(diào)動作的承受者，這時應(yīng)用by短語。
The cup was brken by David.
（3）動作的發(fā)出者不是人。
1.把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)可按“ 、 、 ”進行。 即： ①變－－－把主動語態(tài)的賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語，把主動語態(tài) 的主語改為被動語態(tài)的介詞by的賓語?！、谔祝鶕?jù)原句的時態(tài)套用相應(yīng)時態(tài)。?、圩⒁猓⒁馊朔Q的變化而引起的主謂一致問題。 例：He washed his shes yesterday.
were washed
by him yesterday.
2.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).（指物的賓語叫直接賓語，指人的賓語叫間接賓語）
如：1.He gave me a bk. －I was given a bk by him. －A bk was given t me by Tm.
give me a bk
= give a bk t me
2. I bught him a bk. － －
A bk was bught fr him by me.
He was bught a bk by me.
常見的雙賓語動詞：give, ffer, pass, shw, lend, send, bring, return, tell等用介詞t; buy, make(制作), mend, ck, sing, get等用fr.
They take gd care f my child. I turned ff the radi.
3.含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)
--The radi was turned ff (by me).
--My child is taken gd care f by them.
不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞
如：listen t,lk after,pay attentin t,make use
即hear , watch , see , make , let ,這些詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不加t，但變被動句時必須加t.
1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.
t play basketball last Sunday.
2.The bss makes him wrk fr 10 hurs.
t wrk fr 10 hurs.
4.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)
使役動詞和感觀動詞主被動語態(tài)對照表
5.主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義
(1)write,read,sell,keep,prve,wash,wear等,尤其是有副詞well,easily。 如：The bk sells well.
(2)感官動詞(taste,feel,smell,sund,lk)。 如：The ice-cream tastes nice.
(3)在be wrth ding 中ding表被動意義。 如：The bk is wrth reading.
無被動語態(tài)的動詞：不及物動詞或短語無被動語態(tài)，常見的有：happen, take place，belng t, last（持續(xù)）, break ut（爆發(fā)）
例如：Great changes have taken place here since 1990. Great changes have been taken place here since 1990.
Taiwan belngs t China. The meeting lasted tw hurs. What happened t him last night? SARS brke ut in China that year.
填空（改為被動語態(tài)） 1. They ften clean their classrm after schl. Their classrm _____ ften ______ by them after schl. 2. Li Lei gave Tm a new pen last week. A new pen _____ _____ ___ Tm last week.
was given by
3. A lt f peple in China can speak English nw. English _____ ___ ______ by a lt f peple in China nw. 4. I have learned English fr abut tw years. English ______ _____ ______ fr abut tw years. 5. They will read these stry-bks next mnth. These stry-bks _____ ___ _____ next mnth.
can be spken
has been learned
will be read
5. －D yu like the skirt ? －It _______ sft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt6. Can yu tell _______ ? A. when did it happen B. when was it happened C. when it happened D. when it was happened
7. _____ t knw Prfessr Zhang. A. He said B. I said C. He is said D. It says8. －I want t sit at the table near the windw. －Srry , ______ already. A. it tk B. it takes C. it is taking D. it has been taken
9. The letter _______ three days ag and it_____ yesterday. A. had pst , had arrived B. was psted , arrivedC. psted , arrived D. had been psted , was arrived10. He tld me that the final examinatin ______ next Thursday. A. is given B. will be given C. wuld have given D. wuld be given
11. Water ______ int ice. A. will changed B. must be changedC. shuld change D. can be changed12. The birds _______ fly away last Saturday. A. let t B. is let t C. was let D. were let t

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