綜合測(cè)試題 (滿分：120分　　建議用時(shí)：120分鐘) 第一部分　閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分) 第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分) A Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities.They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food，build community cohesion(凝聚力)，make new friends，connect with the earth，and much more.So，let’s check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US. Gotham Greens Where: New York & Chicago What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago.Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year.But it doesn’t just produce healthy local vegetables.It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students Where: Baltimore，Maryland What：The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students(BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs.Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces，and have never had the opportunity to grow food. ReVision Urban Farm Where: Boston，Massachusetts What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home — a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids.The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating，and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables.The organisation also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty. Swale Where: New York What: Swale，a floating food forest located on a large boat，is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food.This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm.Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables，fruit，nut trees，bushes，herbs，and vines — each one complementing the other in a symbiotic(共生的) relationship. (　　)1．What does the BUGS program mainly do? A．Provide job training for students. B．Use high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food. C．Create a sustainable garden on a large boat. D．Offer students the opportunity to grow vegetables. (　　)2．Which urban garden helps people get out of poverty? A．Gotham Greens. B．Swale. C．ReVision Urban Farm. D．Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students. (　　)3．Where can citizens go to see a food forest? A．Chicago. B．Baltimore. C．Boston. D．New York. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了美國(guó)的四個(gè)城市花園。城市花園是社區(qū)的寶貴資產(chǎn)。它們?yōu)榉N植可持續(xù)糧食提供綠地、建立社區(qū)凝聚力、結(jié)交新朋友、與地球相連等等。 1．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)小標(biāo)題下的“The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students(BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs.”可知，BUGS這個(gè)項(xiàng)目主要是讓學(xué)生們課后種植蔬菜。故選D項(xiàng)。 2．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)小標(biāo)題下的“The organisation also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.”可知，ReVision Urban Farm能夠幫助人們脫離貧困。故選C項(xiàng)。 3．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四個(gè)小標(biāo)題下的“Swale，a floating food forest located on a large boat，is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food.”以及“Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables，fruit，nut trees，bushes，herbs，and vines — each one complementing the other in a symbiotic(共生的) relationship.”可知，人們能在紐約的Swale看見(jiàn)食物森林。故選D項(xiàng)。 B On the evening of April 8，Dunhuang Academy and Huawei jointly launched a brand-new technology-driven tour experience at the Mogao Grottoes.Using Huawei’s newly-released Hetu artificial intelligence platform，coupled with the output of the Digital Dunhuang project，visitors to the Mogao Grottoes can enjoy a fantasy experience prior to entering the attraction. Zhao Shengliang，director of the Dunhuang Academy，said that it has been cooperating with Huawei since March 2019．Using Huawei’s latest Hetu technology，visitors are able to see the detailed contents of the Dunhuang Art Murals(壁畫) outside the caves，through their Huawei mobile phones.This will reduce the time tourists spend inside the cave，aiding the protection of the cultural relics，while at the same time helping to increase the amount of information visitors can obtain.It is also considered to be a new way of promoting Dunhuang Art. The Dunhuang Academy has used digital technology to preserve the research and exploration of Dunhuang Grottoes since the early 1990s.It has collected a wealth of data and has realised the goal of sharing digital Dunhuang globally.It has played an important role in the protection and research of the cultural site，as well as promoting the development and progress of related work. The Huawei Hetu platform unites Dunhuang’s study findings，high-resolution images of the site’s murals and virtual，three-dimensional models with the real Mogao Grottoes.It has not only recreated the real tour of the scenic spot but also developed a new way of digitally experiencing the grottoes.When people visit the site，they not only have the experience of seeing the real grottoes，but they can appreciate the admirable artworks more clearly and in greater detail. In the future，Dunhuang Academy will continue to cooperate with Huawei to create more colourful virtual content to enrich the experience of Mogao Art on the platform，helping people around the world get to know Dunhuang Art better. (　　)4．Which is NOT the advantage of the Hetu technology? A．Decrease the cost of the visitors. B．Reduce the time visitors spend inside the cave. C．Help to protect the cultural relics. D．Provide more information for tourists. (　　)5．How long has the Dunhuang Academy used digital technology? A．About a year. B．90 years. C．Nearly 34 years. D．10 years. (　　)6．What’s the author’s attitude towards the cooperation between Dunhuang and Huawei? A．Doubtful. B．Opposed. C．Indifferent. D．Hopeful. (　　)7．What is the best title for the text? A．Dunhuang Academy Preserves Grottoes Well B．AI Tech Helps Tourists Enjoy Dunhuang’s Art C．Huawei Newly Released Hetu AI D．Dunhuang Grottoes Attract Tourists 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了敦煌研究院與華為聯(lián)合推出了一項(xiàng)全新的技術(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的莫高窟旅游體驗(yàn)，介紹了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)，以及數(shù)字技術(shù)的應(yīng)用對(duì)于敦煌石窟文化保護(hù)和研究發(fā)揮的重要作用。最后提到敦煌學(xué)院將繼續(xù)與華為合作，創(chuàng)造更加豐富多彩的虛擬內(nèi)容，豐富莫高窟藝術(shù)在平臺(tái)上的體驗(yàn)，幫助世界各地的人們更好地了解敦煌藝術(shù)。 4．A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀第二段可知，這將減少游客在洞內(nèi)的時(shí)間，有助于文物的保護(hù)，同時(shí)，有助于增加游客可以獲得的信息數(shù)量。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“減少游客在洞穴內(nèi)的時(shí)間”、C項(xiàng)“幫助保護(hù)文物”以及D項(xiàng)“為游客提供更多的信息”都是這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。A項(xiàng)“降低游客的成本”在文章中沒(méi)有提及。故選A項(xiàng)。 5．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，從20世紀(jì)90年代初開(kāi)始，敦煌研究院就使用數(shù)字技術(shù)來(lái)保存對(duì)敦煌石窟的研究和探索。由此可知，敦煌研究院使用數(shù)字技術(shù)大約三十四年了。故選C項(xiàng)。 6．D　推理判斷題。通讀最后一段可知，未來(lái)敦煌學(xué)院將繼續(xù)與華為合作，創(chuàng)造更加豐富多彩的虛擬內(nèi)容，豐富莫高窟藝術(shù)在平臺(tái)上的體驗(yàn)，幫助世界各地的人們更好地了解敦煌藝術(shù)。由此可推知，對(duì)于敦煌與華為的合作，作者對(duì)此的態(tài)度是充滿希望的。故選D項(xiàng)。 7．B　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段可知，4月8日晚，敦煌研究院與華為聯(lián)合推出了一項(xiàng)全新的技術(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的莫高窟旅游體驗(yàn)。利用華為新發(fā)布的河圖人工智能平臺(tái)，加上數(shù)字敦煌項(xiàng)目的輸出，游客可以在進(jìn)入莫高窟前享受一種夢(mèng)幻體驗(yàn)。文章還介紹了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)，以及數(shù)字技術(shù)的應(yīng)用對(duì)于敦煌石窟文化保護(hù)和研究發(fā)揮的重要作用，最后提到敦煌學(xué)院將繼續(xù)與華為合作，創(chuàng)造更加豐富多彩的虛擬內(nèi)容，豐富莫高窟藝術(shù)在平臺(tái)上的體驗(yàn)，幫助世界各地的人們更好地了解敦煌藝術(shù)。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“人工智能科技幫助游客欣賞敦煌藝術(shù)”最適合作文章的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。 C Born on her family’s farm in Ray，North Dakota，Mary Sherman Morgan had been helping her father with farm work before she could attend the small-town schoolhouse.Being a few years behind didn’t hold her back and she graduated from high school with honours.Aware of her intelligence，she ran away from Ray to attend Minot State University as a chemistry major，where her skill was evident. The outbreak of World War Ⅱ resulted in a national shortage of chemists and scientists.In spite of the fact that she was still a student and a woman，she was offered a job as a chemical analyst due to her talents，producing explosives(爆炸物)for the wartime effort.She put her degree on hold and moved to Ohio，taking on the dangerous job of analysing unstable chemicals to produce weapons. After the war ended，there was a fall in demand for explosives，so she made a move to the field of aeronautics，moving to California to work for NAA(North American Aviation).The only woman out of 900 engineers，she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants(推進(jìn)劑) and designing speciality fuels to work with different engines.However，never having returned to complete her degree，she was not afforded the rank or higher pay of an engineer，even though she had all the skills and knowledge of one. Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked to find a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space，Morgan was appointed technical lead on the project.National pride was on the line，so Morgan set about investigating fuels.After countless trails，she finally designed her own mixture，which was named Hydyne. Hydyne tested well with the Redstone missiles and subsequently other aircraft(飛行器)，such as Jupiter-C rockets，proving to be a quick solution to getting to space without a total rocket redesign.The fuel made the first successful US satellite launch possible，even if Morgan silently slipped away from her success，retiring to focus on her family and leaving her chemistry career behind. (　　)8．What do we know about Mary? A．She attended school while helping with farm work. B．She was offered a job as a chemistry analyst after graduation. C．She shifted her working focus as the domestic demand changed. D．She launched the first US satellite before retiring from her career. (　　)9．What does the underlined word “aeronautics” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Analysing chemicals. B．Producing explosives. C．Mixing and saving fuels. D．Designing and building aircraft. (　　)10．What made Mary the technical lead on the project of NAA? A．Her discovery of Hydyne. B．Her rank as an engineer. C．Her special knowledge in fuels. D．Her sense of national pride. (　　)11．Which of the following words can best describe Mary? A．Caring and determined. B．Courageous and creative. C．Intelligent but sensitive. D．Accomplished but proud. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家瑪麗·謝爾曼·摩根的生平以及她所做出的貢獻(xiàn)。 8．C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)導(dǎo)致全國(guó)化學(xué)家和科學(xué)家短缺。盡管她仍然是一名學(xué)生而且是一名女性，但由于她的才能，她獲得了一份化學(xué)分析師工作，為戰(zhàn)時(shí)生產(chǎn)炸藥。她暫時(shí)擱置了學(xué)位，搬到了俄亥俄州，從事分析不穩(wěn)定化學(xué)物質(zhì)以生產(chǎn)武器的危險(xiǎn)工作。根據(jù)第四段的第一、二句可知，她在推進(jìn)劑方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)意味著，當(dāng)NAA的任務(wù)是找到一種能夠?qū)⒅匦略O(shè)計(jì)的紅石導(dǎo)彈送入太空的燃料時(shí)，摩根被任命為該項(xiàng)目的技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人。民族自豪感岌岌可危，于是摩根著手研究燃料。由此可推出，瑪麗工作重心是隨著國(guó)內(nèi)需求的變化而轉(zhuǎn)移。故選C項(xiàng)。 9．D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段可知，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后，對(duì)炸藥的需求下降了，所以她轉(zhuǎn)到航空領(lǐng)域，到加利福尼亞為北美航空公司工作。作為900名工程師中唯一的女性，她很快被提升到一個(gè)涉及計(jì)算火箭推進(jìn)劑性能和設(shè)計(jì)用于不同引擎的特殊燃料的職位。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Hydyne tested well with the Redstone missiles and subsequently other aircraft(飛行器)，such as Jupiter-C rockets，proving to be a quick solution to getting to space without a total rocket redesign.”可知，瑪麗進(jìn)入的是航空航天領(lǐng)域。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“Designing and building aircraft(設(shè)計(jì)和制造飛行器)”符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。 10．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“The only woman out of 900 engineers，she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants(推進(jìn)劑)and designing speciality fuels to work with different engines.”和第四段第一句“Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked to find a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space，Morgan was appointed technical lead on the project.”可知，是在燃料方面的專業(yè)知識(shí)讓瑪麗成為NAA項(xiàng)目的技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人。故選C項(xiàng)。 11．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“She put her degree on hold and moved to Ohio，taking on the dangerous job of analysing unstable chemicals to produce weapons.”和第四段最后一句“After countless trails，she finally designed her own mixture，which was named Hydyne.”可知，瑪麗勇敢且具有創(chuàng)造性。故選B項(xiàng)。 D Four “amateur astronauts” are about to launch into orbit in another landmark mission for space tourism.It’s the latest flight to help open up access to space for paying customers.The trip has been paid for by US billionaire businessman Jared Isaacman，who will travel with three crewmates.A healthcare worker，a science educator and a data analyst will circle the earth with Mr Isaacman for three days.They hope to inspire others with their adventure and to raise money for children’s cancer medicine.Accordingly，the mission has been named Inspiration 4． The crew’s Dragon vehicle，made by Elon Musk’s company Space X，will ride a Falcon-9 rocket.It is due to launch from Florida’s Kennedy Space Centre at 20:02 EDT on Wednesday，or very shortly after.The spacecraft will reach an altitude of 575 km，which is about 150 km higher than the International Space Station(ISS).The four will then spend their time doing experiments and looking at Earth through a large domed window which offers panoramic views of the whole planet. The mission follows hot on the heels of Sir Richard Branson’s flight aboard his Virgin Galactic rocket plane on 11 July，and fellow billionaire Jeff Bezos’ trip to space nine days later in the New Shepard vehicle.The glass dome has been fitted in place of the mechanism that Dragon normally uses to dock with the ISS，which isn’t needed on this flight. In the 60 years since Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin first went into space，fewer than 600 people have followed in his footsteps；and most of those have been military-trained personnel flying on government-sponsored missions.Inspiration 4 is different.It’ll be a fully commercially purchased and operated orbital flight.NASA helped fund the development of a lot of the technology used by Elon Musk’s company，and did so to try to diversify the economy in low-Earth orbit. (　　)12．Why is the mission called Inspiration 4 according to Paragraph 1? A．To promote the space tourism industry. B．To highlight the huge expenses of the space trip. C．To claim the commercial benefits of space adventures. D．To inspire people and collect money for medical treatment. (　　)13．What can we learn about the great mission? A．The launch schedule is to be further confirmed. B．Its crew members are mostly military trainees. C．It is to be made nine days after Jeff Bezos’ space trip. D．A glass dome will be fitted to replace the mechanism to join the ISS. (　　)14．What does the author mean by saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? A．The unique equipment ensures the success of the mission. B．The crew can get a full view of the earth through the glass dome. C．The crew take advantage of the special window to do experiments. D．The large window enables the crew to observe surrounding planets. (　　)15．What is the passage mainly about? A．A commercially paid orbital flight. B．The diversity of space exploration. C．The development of space technology. D．A space tour on government-sponsored missions. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述了一次完全商業(yè)購(gòu)買和運(yùn)營(yíng)的軌道飛行的靈感4號(hào)飛船任務(wù)。四名業(yè)余宇航員即將進(jìn)入軌道，執(zhí)行另一項(xiàng)具有里程碑意義的太空旅游任務(wù)。他們希望通過(guò)他們的冒險(xiǎn)來(lái)激勵(lì)他人，并為兒童抗癌藥物籌集資金。 12．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“They hope to inspire others with their adventure and to raise money for children’s cancer medicine.Accordingly，the mission has been named Inspiration 4．”可知，這樣命名的原因是激勵(lì)人們?yōu)閮和拱┧幬锘I集資金。故選D項(xiàng)。 13．A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“It is due to launch from Florida’s Kennedy Space Centre at 20:02 EDT on Wednesday，or very shortly after.”可知，發(fā)射時(shí)間不確定，所以具體時(shí)間需要進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)。故選A項(xiàng)。 14．B　詞句猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合常識(shí)并根據(jù)畫線部分前的“The spacecraft will reach an altitude of 575 km，which is about 150 km higher than the International Space Station(ISS).”可知，這艘宇宙飛船將會(huì)到達(dá)575千米的海拔高度，它比國(guó)際空間站高出約150千米。由此可知，畫線部分意為“通過(guò)這個(gè)圓頂窗俯瞰整個(gè)地球”。故選B項(xiàng)。 15．A　主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段的“It’s the latest flight to help open up access to space for paying customers.The trip has been paid for by US billionaire businessman Jared Isaacman，who will travel with three crewmates.”可知，本文主要介紹了一次商業(yè)性的軌道飛行。故選A項(xiàng)。 第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分) Relations Between Architecture and Culture A country is not only identified by its people and government，but also by its architecture.__16__ For example，when one talks about India，we think of the Tahj Mahal.The Egyptians are another amazing example.Their environment and culture produced the great pyramids.How do modern cultures produce and maintain such beautiful architecture? Slovenians gained independence in 1991．The country is now economically the most progressive one.It is now helping to modernise the factories and by doing so has actually helped lower poverty rates.Generally，their world around them is modernising.__17__ Everyday life focuses in the squares，churches and the marketplace.These Slovenian towns have many well-preserved buildings with styles of architecture dating back from the 1100s.Many churches such as Sticna Abbey and Podsreda Castle are magnificent examples of the Roman architecture. __18__ For centuries，homes have been made out of mud houses built along the main dirt road.The roof could be used for an oven，to hold chickens，or just as storage.Cairo，one of the largest cities，the older parts of it are still the heart of Egypt although built with Islamic and Coptic monuments. Chinese architecture probably has the most cultural influence.Traditionally buildings were designed for its width，not its height.Every important building is guarded around a large wall to protect their assets.While ordinary dwellings are grey and dull，palaces and places of importance are quite colourful. __19__ Each Chinese home has their entrance at the front and facing the east with a screen because it is believed that spirits travel straight and cannot go through screen. Every culture can inspire a type of architecture that can range from landmarks to everyday homes.Religion and family seem to be the most common influences overall.__20__ A．Architecture is a product of cultural diversity. B．The purpose of a south-facing entrance is to avoid north winds. C．Through architecture it’s possible to judge many things about a culture. D．However，the centre of their town is ironically the older parts of the city. E．Architecture is not always defined as large but simply a home sometimes. F．Tradition and religion are the largest pieces to the Chinese culture and architecture. G．Each culture is unique and the more we learn about them，the more we appreciate our surroundings. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章舉例說(shuō)明了建筑與文化的關(guān)系。 16．C　根據(jù)后文“For example，when one talks about India，we think of the Tahj Mahal.The Egyptians are another amazing example.Their environment and culture produced the great pyramids.How do modern cultures produce and maintain such beautiful architecture？”可知，后文的例子表明，通過(guò)建筑就可以想起某個(gè)國(guó)家，說(shuō)明通過(guò)建筑可以判斷文化。故C項(xiàng)“通過(guò)建筑可以判斷一個(gè)文化的很多方面。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。 17．D　根據(jù)上文“Slovenians gained independence in 1991．The country is now economically the most progressive one.It is now helping to modernise the factories and by doing so has actually helped lower poverty rates.Generally，their world around them is modernising.”以及后文“Everyday life focuses in the squares，churches and the marketplace.”可知，后文提到人們的日常生活集中在廣場(chǎng)、教堂和市場(chǎng)上，說(shuō)明本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出城鎮(zhèn)的中心是城市的老城區(qū)。故D項(xiàng)“然而，諷刺的是，他們城鎮(zhèn)的中心是城市的老城區(qū)。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。 18．E　通讀后文可知，后文主要說(shuō)明了房屋這種小的建筑，E項(xiàng)中的home對(duì)應(yīng)后文中的houses。故E項(xiàng)“建筑并不總是被定義為大的，它有時(shí)只是一個(gè)家?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。 19．F　根據(jù)后文“Each Chinese home has their entrance at the front and facing the east with a screen because it is believed that spirits travel straight and cannot go through screen(每個(gè)中國(guó)家庭的入口都在前面，有一扇面向東方的屏風(fēng)，因?yàn)槿藗兿嘈澎`魂是直線旅行的，不能穿過(guò)屏風(fēng)。).”可知，后文提到了每個(gè)中國(guó)家庭都有面向東方的屏風(fēng)，這是一種中國(guó)文化傳統(tǒng)或宗教信念。F項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)和宗教是中國(guó)文化和建筑的最大組成部分?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。 20．G　根據(jù)上文“Every culture can inspire a type of architecture that can range from landmarks to everyday homes.Religion and family seem to be the most common influences overall.”可知，本段總結(jié)全文，指出每一種文化都能激發(fā)建筑的靈感，宗教和家庭似乎是最普遍的影響因素。由此可推知，我們對(duì)文化越了解，越能欣賞我們所處的環(huán)境。G項(xiàng)“每一種文化都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，我們對(duì)它們了解得越多，就越能欣賞我們所處的環(huán)境?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。 第二部分　語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分) 第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分) Sylvia was mad at her work team after trying to get them to finish a job that was due that day.“I’m always the one doing all the work，” she said.“And then the team gets the__21__，even the people who don’t do anything.It’s really not__22__．” British psychologist Melanie Klein told her that there’s something that__23__ the feeling: self-centeredness.Looking at the experience in a less self-centered way can help you manage it__24__.What you should do is step back to see things from a__25__ angle，one in which we are not at the centre.In fact，you might think you already do that and take pride in never being unkind or__26__ another person. When Sylvia took herself out of the__27__，she found some of her teammates were quite__28__ and inexperienced.Maybe they were afraid they wouldn’t be good enough to__29__ some of the tasks.She began experimenting with ways to__30__ their strengths and at the same time to help them do__31__ they could be good at.Team projects__32__，as did team spirit；and within a year，she was__33__ and made a team leader. Taking yourself out of the spotlight(聚光燈) isn’t always easy.__34__，it is a great way to take proper responsibility without becoming__35__． (　　)21．A．idea B．job C．praise D．skill (　　)22．A．bad B．enough C．smooth D．fair (　　)23．A．results in B．gets over C．wipes out D．a(chǎn)dds to (　　)24．A．carefully B．bitterly C．easily D．personally (　　)25．A．safer B．funnier C．stranger D．wider (　　)26．A．controlling B．hurting C．refusing D．helping (　　)27．A．stress B．fight C．centre D．a(chǎn)nger (　　)28．A．young B．energetic C．daring D．brilliant (　　)29．A．group B．obtain C．list D．shoulder (　　)30．A．test B．support C．ignore D．reject (　　)31．A．work B．research C．exercises D．sports (　　)32．A．mattered B．improved C．failed D．changed (　　)33．A．punished B．imitated C．promoted D．persuaded (　　)34．A．Therefore B．Meanwhile C．Instead D．However (　　)35．A．a(chǎn)nnoyed B．shocked C．surprised D．embarrassed 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。希爾維婭以自我為中心，感覺(jué)團(tuán)隊(duì)里的工作都是她一個(gè)人完成的，其他人只是坐享其成，她很生氣。但在心理學(xué)家梅蘭妮·克萊茵的幫助下，她開(kāi)始調(diào)整心態(tài)，并主動(dòng)支持隊(duì)友的優(yōu)勢(shì)，并讓他們做自己擅長(zhǎng)的工作。 21．C　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“然后團(tuán)隊(duì)得到了表?yè)P(yáng)，即使是那些什么都沒(méi)做的人。這真的不公平”。根據(jù)上文“I’m always the one doing all the work”和句中“And then the team gets”可推知，希爾維婭抱怨說(shuō)自己一個(gè)人完成所有工作，但團(tuán)隊(duì)得到表?yè)P(yáng)。故選C項(xiàng)。 22．D　考查形容詞詞詞義辨析。句意：同上題。根據(jù)上文“I’m always the one doing all the work”和“And then the team gets the __22__ even the people who don’t do anything.”可知，希爾維婭感覺(jué)團(tuán)隊(duì)里的工作都是她一個(gè)人完成的，同時(shí)其他人坐享其成，跟著受表?yè)P(yáng)，所以這不公平。故選D項(xiàng)。 23．A　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：英國(guó)心理學(xué)家梅蘭妮·克萊因告訴她，有一些東西導(dǎo)致了這種感覺(jué)：自我中心。results in導(dǎo)致；gets over克服；wipes out消滅；adds to加入。根據(jù)前文的“British psychologist Melanie Klein”可推知，心理學(xué)家在幫助希爾維婭分析原因，弄清楚是什么導(dǎo)致了她有這種感受。故選A項(xiàng)。 24．C　考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：用一種不那么以自我為中心的方式來(lái)看待這段經(jīng)歷可以幫助你更容易地管理它。carefully小心地，仔細(xì)地；bitterly憤怒地，痛苦地；easily容易地；personally就個(gè)人而言。根據(jù)前文的“Looking at the experience in a less self-centered way can help you”可知，心理學(xué)家梅蘭妮·克萊因提出了專業(yè)的建議，讓她更容易管理自己的感受。故選C項(xiàng)。 25．D　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你應(yīng)該做的是退一步，從一個(gè)更廣闊的角度看問(wèn)題，一個(gè)我們不是在中心的角度。根據(jù)上文可知，心理學(xué)家梅蘭妮·克萊因指出希爾維婭產(chǎn)生那些想法的原因是“self-centeredness”，即“以自我為中心”；心理學(xué)家提出新的看問(wèn)題的方式“__25__angle，one in which we are not at the centre”，即“一個(gè)不以我們?yōu)橹行牡慕嵌取薄Ｅc之前“以自我為中心”相比較而言，這一角度不狹隘，是一種更為廣闊的角度。故選D項(xiàng)。 26．B　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，你可能認(rèn)為你已經(jīng)這樣做了，并為從未不友善或傷害別人而自豪。根據(jù)前文的unkind可知，此處指對(duì)人不友好或傷害別人。故選B項(xiàng)。 27．C　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)希爾維婭從自我中心走出來(lái)時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)她的一些隊(duì)友相當(dāng)年輕且缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Taking yourself out of the spotlight(聚光燈) isn’t always easy.”可知，此處指希爾維婭從以自我為中心走出來(lái)后，對(duì)隊(duì)友有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，能夠理解他們的行為了。故選C項(xiàng)。 28．A　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上題。young年輕的；energetic精力充沛的；daring勇于冒險(xiǎn)的；brilliant巧妙的。根據(jù)句中的inexperienced可推斷，她的一些隊(duì)友年輕且缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。 29．D　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：也許他們擔(dān)心自己不夠好，無(wú)法承擔(dān)一些任務(wù)。group聚集；obtain得到；list列清單；shoulder承擔(dān)。根據(jù)前文的inexperienced和句中的“they were afraid they wouldn’t be good enough”可知，希爾維婭的隊(duì)友因年輕且缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，擔(dān)心自己不夠好，無(wú)法承擔(dān)任務(wù)。故選D項(xiàng)。 30．B　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她開(kāi)始嘗試各種方法來(lái)支持他們的優(yōu)勢(shì)，同時(shí)幫助他們做他們擅長(zhǎng)的工作。根據(jù)下文“and at the same time to help them”推知，希爾維婭支持同事的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選B項(xiàng)。 31．A　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上題。根據(jù)句中“their strengths”和“they could be good at”可知，她發(fā)現(xiàn)隊(duì)友的優(yōu)勢(shì)后，會(huì)幫助他們做他們擅長(zhǎng)的工作。故選A項(xiàng)。 32．B　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目得到改善，團(tuán)隊(duì)精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升職了，成了團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。mattered要緊；improved改善；failed失??；changed改變。根據(jù)上文可知，希爾維婭不再生氣和抱怨，開(kāi)始幫助隊(duì)友找到優(yōu)勢(shì)，并讓他們做自己擅長(zhǎng)的工作，所以團(tuán)隊(duì)的項(xiàng)目得到改善。故選B項(xiàng)。 33．C　考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上題。punished懲罰；imitated模仿；promoted升職，晉升；persuaded說(shuō)服。根據(jù)后文的“made a team leader”可知，希爾維婭晉升了。故選C項(xiàng)。 34．D　考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這是一個(gè)很好的方式來(lái)承擔(dān)適當(dāng)?shù)呢?zé)任而不生氣。Therefore因此；Meanwhile與此同時(shí)；Instead反而；However然而。上文“Taking yourself out of the spotlight(聚光燈) isn’t always easy.”說(shuō)明遠(yuǎn)離聚光燈，不再以自我為中心并不容易；下文“it is a great way”說(shuō)它的好處，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。 35．A　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這是一個(gè)很好的方式來(lái)承擔(dān)適當(dāng)?shù)呢?zé)任而不生氣。annoyed惱怒的；shocked吃驚的；surprised驚訝的；embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Sylvia was mad at her work team after trying to get them to finish a job that was due that day.”可知，希爾維婭之前以自我為中心，所以生團(tuán)隊(duì)的氣，但現(xiàn)在她不再以自我為中心，遠(yuǎn)離了聚光燈，這讓她不那么生氣了。故選A項(xiàng)。 第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) As the saying goes，“Confidence in 36．________(you) is the first step on the road 37．__________ success.” Confidence plays an important role in our study.With confidence，we can plan our own study.With confidence，we can ask 38．________ we don’t know without feeling 39．________(embarrass).With confidence，we can be open-minded all the time. We may gain self-confidence in many ways.Making friends or 40．________(exchange) ideas with classmates may be of help.Besides，taking 41．________ active part in all kinds of activities and 42．________(compete) requires not only great courage and skill but also self-confidence.We need to have confidence. 43．________，“Confidence is a plant of slow growth.” For me，I prefer to offer help to others.This is a chance 44．________(understand) others as well as to test what I suppose I know.In our study，we must learn to share，which in turn helps us learn to learn，and 45．________(hope)，self-confidence is the key! 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了自信的重要性和如何變得自信的方法，并且作者以自身為例進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。 36．yourself　考查反身代詞。句意：常言道：“自信是走向成功的第一步?！贝丝帐亲鹘樵~in的賓語(yǔ)，意為“相信自己”，應(yīng)該用反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填yourself。 37．to　考查介詞。句意：同上題。固定短語(yǔ)“the road to...”意為“通向……的道路”。故填to。 38．whatever　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：有了自信，我們可以問(wèn)任何我們不知道的事，不會(huì)感到尷尬。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“38．________ we don’t know”作動(dòng)詞ask的賓語(yǔ)，故空處應(yīng)填賓語(yǔ)從句的連接代詞。分析從句可知，此空作動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ)，再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“任何我們不知道的事”，應(yīng)填whatever。故填whatever。 39．embarrassed　考查形容詞。句意：同上題。feel后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞“embarrass使窘迫”應(yīng)變?yōu)樾稳菰~，且此處表示“我們感到尷尬的”，所以填embarrassed，意為“尷尬的”。故填embarrassed。 40．exchanging　考查動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。句意：交朋友或者和同學(xué)們交換想法可能是有用的。or是連詞，前后是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，“Making friends”是動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作主語(yǔ)，“40．________(exchange) ideas”也應(yīng)該是動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作主語(yǔ)。故填exchanging。 41．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞。句意：另外，積極參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)和比賽不僅需要勇氣和技巧，還需要自信。固定短語(yǔ)“take an active part in”意為“積極參加”。故填an。 42．competitions　考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：積極參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)和比賽不僅需要勇氣和技巧，還需要自信。and連接兩個(gè)名詞作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞“compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”應(yīng)變?yōu)槊~?！癱ompetition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”為可數(shù)名詞，由前文的修飾詞“all kinds of”可知應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填competitions。 43．However　考查副詞。句意：然而，“自信是一棵緩慢生長(zhǎng)的植物”。此句與上文“We need to have confidence.”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此空后有逗號(hào)與下個(gè)句子隔開(kāi)，應(yīng)用however。空處位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填However。 44．to understand　考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：這是理解別人也是測(cè)試我認(rèn)為我知道的東西的一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。名詞chance后通常跟不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。故填to understand。 45．hopefully　考查副詞。修飾句子“...self-confidence is the key！”應(yīng)用hope的副詞形式。故填hopefully。 第三部分　寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分) 第一節(jié)(滿分15分) 假定你是李華，上周末去鄉(xiāng)村參加了為期一天的環(huán)保宣傳活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)給筆友Mike寫一封信，介紹這次活動(dòng)。 內(nèi)容包括： 1．參加人員； 2．活動(dòng)內(nèi)容； 3．你的感受。 注意： 1．詞數(shù)80左右；開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 Dear Mike， ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua One possible version： Dear Mike， I’m happy to share my voluntary experience with you.Last weekend，our class organised an environmental protection activity in the countryside.All the students and teachers in our school took part in it.We went to a village called Yongxing Village，where we worked in two groups.The first group collected the rubbish，and the second group distributed leaflets.Besides，we gave a speech on white pollution in the square. By taking part in this activity，I think all of us should play a role in protecting the environment for the sake of people’s health and happiness. Have you done any voluntary work recently？Looking forward to your sharing. Yours， Li Hua 第二節(jié)(滿分25分) If there’s one thing I can’t stand people saying，it is “I’m no good at anything. I don’t have any talent.” I just don’t buy that at all.To me，everyone has at least one talent，and while it sometimes takes you a lifetime to find，it does exist.There was a time when I didn’t believe that.What changed my mind was a seemingly small event that took place in 1953． At that time，I was a high school student.I was a funny-looking skinny boy named Eugene Orowitz，who weighed barely 100 pounds.I was a good student，but as far as I was concerned，in just about every other department I was a loser.I wanted to fit in，to be someone and do something well.But I hadn’t found anything I was good at.One sunny afternoon，our gym class went out to the school’s running track.The teacher taught us all various track-and-field events.I was a loser in all of them.Then came the javelin(標(biāo)槍).Suddenly，something inside me began saying，“Try it！Try it！” I had to wait my turn，though，trying not to look too eager.Finally，when everyone had had a chance to throw — the best throw going about 30 yards — I looked at the teacher. “Hey，Orowitz，you want to try？” he asked. Embarrassed，I looked down，but managed to nod my head. “Well，come on then，” he said impatiently，and handed me the javelin.Behind me I could hear some of my classmates laughing.As I grasped the javelin in my hand，I was seized with a strange feeling — a new-found excitement.For some crazy reason，I was relaxed over what I was about to do，even though I’d never done it before.I raised the javelin over my head，took six quick steps and let the thing go.The same voice that had urged me to throw it，now told me it was a good throw. 注意： 1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右； 2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)的位置作答。 I watched as the javelin took off.My heart quickened ________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： I watched as the javelin took off.My heart quickened as I saw it continue to sail，30 yards out，then 40 yards.As it went past the 50-yard mark，it was still going.For a minute nothing was said.Then someone whispered，“Holy cow！”And others began cheering.Nobody could believe what I had just done.I took the javelin back to the gym teacher.“You keep the thing，”he said，still shaking his head in wonder. That night I took the javelin home with me._____________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： That night I took the javelin home with me.The very next day，I began practising with it，and every day that summer — for six hours or more — I would throw it in a nearby schoolyard.By the time I was a member of the track team，all my practice paid off.I threw the javelin 211 feet that year，the best throw by any high-school boy in the country.I feel strongly that we must keep our minds open.We can’t let ourselves be discouraged or depressed when the talent doesn’t readily appear.

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高中英語(yǔ)人教版 (2019)選擇性必修 第四冊(cè)電子課本

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