
A.封堵;補足;堵塞物;插頭;插座B.有殘疾的;喪失能力的C.值得;應(yīng)得;應(yīng)受D.辭職;辭去E.拖;拽;緩慢而費力地移動
1.He dragged the heavy case acrss the flr.( )2.Yu deserve a reward fr being s helpful.( )3.If I were asked t wrk n Sundays,I shuld resign.( )4.She put the plug in the sink and filled it with cld water.( )5.Disabled visitrs are welcme;there is gd wheelchair access t mst facilities.( )【答案】1.E 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.B
Ⅱ.猜單詞拼寫1.disable vt.使……失去能力→____________n.無力;無能;殘疾(參考:able→ability)2.resign v.辭職;辭去→____________ n.辭職;辭呈(參考:assign→assignatin)【答案】1.disability 2.resignatin
3.lack n.缺乏,不足;v.缺乏,不足→__________ adj.缺乏的;不足的(參考:want→wanting)【答案】3.lacking
Ⅲ.預(yù)備語法(短語)請指出黑體短語的句子成分1.These red rses are fr yu.( )2.They fund the machine in a bad state.( )3.In winter the day is getting shrter and shrter.( )4.I examined my paper as carefully as I can.( )【答案】1.名詞短語作主語 2.介詞短語作賓語補足語3.形容詞短語作表語 4.副詞短語作狀語
1.plug vt.封堵;補足 n.堵塞物;插頭;插座(P40)Hwever,she admitted that she nce had a memrable experience plugging hles in her rf in rder t keep the rain ut.【翻譯】不過,她承認自己有過一次難忘的經(jīng)歷,為了擋雨,她把屋頂上的洞堵住了。
plug away (at sth.) 堅持不懈地做(指困難的工作)plug sth.in/int sth.往某物中塞某物
Can I use this plug fr my irn?我能用這個插座插一下熨斗嗎?A plug had been inserted in the drill hle.鉆孔已塞上了塞子。
[針對練習(xí)]完成句子(1)She ________________________________ and let the water drain away.她拔起塞子,放掉了水?!敬鸢浮?1)pulled ut the plug
(2)She _____________ in her ears,s she can’t hear anything arund her.她的耳朵里有個塞子,所以她聽不見其周圍的任何東西。(3)He _______________________ in the pipe with an ld rag.他用一塊舊破布把管子上的那個洞塞住了?!敬鸢浮?2)has plugs (3)plugged the hle
2.be secndary t從屬于;次于……(P40)But any discmfrt is secndary t helping the needy,she believes.【翻譯】但她認為,任何不適都是次要的,首先要幫助有需要的人。
(1)secndary adj.中學(xué)的;次要的(2)secndary imprtance 次要的
She taught histry at a secndary schl.她在一所中學(xué)教過歷史。Everything else will be secndary t thse factrs.其他一切都是次要因素。
[針對練習(xí)]完成句子(1)They argue that human rights cnsideratins are nw f nly ___________________________________.他們爭辯說,考慮人權(quán)現(xiàn)在只是次要的。(2)A distinctin shuld be made between the primary and __________________.要區(qū)別主要的和次要的任務(wù)?!敬鸢浮?1)secndary imprtance (2)secndary tasks
(3)Mr Wang ______________________ nne in this cmpany.在這家公司,王先生是老大。(4)He is still ________________ his father in this cmpany.在這家公司,他的地位仍然次于他父親。【答案】(3)is secndary t (4)secndary t
3.disabled adj.有殘疾的;喪失能力的(P40)One f my dreams is t wrk in Africa and cntinue t help the disabled after I resign frm my jb.【翻譯】我的夢想之一是在我辭去工作后去非洲工作,繼續(xù)幫助殘疾人。
the disabled殘疾人(指一類人)disability n.殘疾disable vt.使傷殘;使無效;使不能運轉(zhuǎn)enable vt.使能夠;使可能unable adj.不能;無能力的;無法的
His illness finally disabled him fr wrk.他的疾病最后讓他失去了工作能力。The disabled are well cared fr in ur village.殘疾人在我們村受到很好的照顧。
[針對練習(xí)]單句語法填空(1)The disabled ________(be) dying fr mre jb chances.(2)Thse with ________(disable) usually can’t take care f themselves.【答案】(1)are (2)disabilities
(3)Thugh I have learnt English fr half a year,I am still ________(able) t express myself in English.(4)His gd ral English ________(able) him t find a jb in this freign trade cmpany last year.【答案】(3)unable (4)enabled
4.resign vi.& vt.辭職;辭去(P40)One f my dreams is t wrk in Africa and cntinue t help the disabled after I resign frm my jb.【翻譯】我的夢想之一是在我辭去工作后去非洲工作,繼續(xù)幫助殘疾人。
resign frm/as辭去resign ffice=leave ffice辭職resign neself t (ding) sth.聽任擺布;使自己安于(做)某事
The minister resigned frm ffice.那位部長辭職了。He has resigned himself t the pssibility that he may never walk again.他只好接受自己可能再也不能走路這一事實。
[針對練習(xí)]完成句子(1)He ________________ manager after eight years.八年后,他辭去了經(jīng)理的職務(wù)。(2)She ________________________ her fate at that time.她那時只好聽天由命了?!敬鸢浮?1)resigned as (2)resigned herself t
(3)We had t ________________________ making a lss n the sale.我們只好接受銷售造成的虧損。【答案】(3)resign urselves t
5.deserve vt.值得;應(yīng)得;應(yīng)受(P40) I think everyne deserves the right t be happy.【翻譯】我認為每個人都有幸福的權(quán)利。
deserve sth.(praise/medal/respect) 應(yīng)受到某物(應(yīng)受到表彰、獎?wù)?、尊?deserve t d... 應(yīng)該做……;值得做……
deserve cnsideratin/attentin值得考慮/注意deserve t be dne=deserve ding值得被做deserve t be dne與deserve ding的意義相同,用動詞的-ing形式的主動形式表示被動意義。
D yu think Hippmenes deserves t win the race?你認為希波墨涅斯應(yīng)該贏得比賽嗎?She deserves the hnur and we shuld learn frm her.她配得上這項榮譽,并且我們都應(yīng)該向她學(xué)習(xí)。
[針對練習(xí)]單句語法填空(1)The reprt deserves careful ________(cnsider).(2)One player in particular ________(deserve) a mentin.(3)What she has dne deserves ________(praise).(4)They didn’t deserve ________(win).(5)He deserves ________(lck) up frever fr what he did.【答案】(1)cnsideratin (2)deserves(3)t be praised/praising (4)t win (5)t be lcked/lcking
(P41)There is n dubt that these activities will leave yu with unfrgettable memries.【翻譯】毫無疑問,這些活動會給你留下難忘的回憶?!揪涫狡饰觥俊癟here is n dubt that...”這個句型中,that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,解釋前面的名詞dubt的內(nèi)容。
【歸納拓展】(1)dubt 作動詞時,后接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。在否定句和疑問句中,dubt后面接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句;在肯定句中,dubt后面一般接whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。(2)當(dāng)dubt用作名詞時,在否定句中,后面接that 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句;在肯定句中,后面接whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句,注意,此時不可以換成if。
(3)類似的句型還有:There is n pint in ding sth.做某事沒有意義。There is n need t d sth.沒有必要做某事。There is a/n pssibility that... 有/沒有可能……There is a chance that... 有可能……There is n hurry t d sth.不急于做某事。It is n use/n gd ding sth.做某事沒有用處/好處。
It is n wnder that...(=N wnder that...) 難怪/怪不得……I dubt whether the new ne will be any better.我不敢斷定這個新的是否會好些。There is n dubt that ur experiment will succeed.=There is n dubt abut the success f ur experiment.毫無疑問,我們的實驗會成功的。There is n pint in arguing with them abut it.和他們爭論這件事沒有意義。
There is a pssibility that the cmpany will suffer a great lss this mnth.公司這個月有可能遭受巨大損失。It’s n wnder/N wnder (that) yu’re tired,yu’ve been wrking fr hurs.難怪你累了,你已經(jīng)工作了好幾個小時了。
[針對練習(xí)]單句語法填空(1)I dubt _______ Mike will turn up at the meeting tmrrw.(2)There is n dubt ________ I will keep my prmise.(3)________ is n pint in arguing with such an ld lady.【答案】(1)whether/if (2)that (3)There
(4)There is n need ________(stay) up s late every day.(5)There is a chance ________ his father will get prmted in his ffice.(6)There is n hurry ________(tell) him that piece f news.【答案】(4)t stay (5)that (6)t tell
【例句觀察】觀察下面句子中的畫線短語,指出它們屬于哪類短語(介詞短語、動詞短語、形容詞短語、名詞短語、副詞短語),并說明原因。1.They travelled far and wide last mnth.2.Mther has warned him nce and again nt t d that.
3.With the help f his friends,Mike has successfully finished his prject.4.We all felt mad with jy when we heard the news.5.Hand by hand,the tw children went t schl happily.6.Yu are ld enugh t learn t lk after yurself.
【我的領(lǐng)悟】1.句1中的畫線短語是________短語。其中心詞是far和wide兩個________。這個短語在句中作________,修飾句中的謂語動詞。2.句2中的畫線短語是________短語。其中心詞是nce和again兩個________。這個短語在句中作________。3.句3中的畫線短語是________短語。它由介詞with引導(dǎo),并在句中作________.
4.句4中的畫線短語是________短語。其中心詞是________。mad是形容詞。這個短語在句中作________.5.句5中的畫線短語是________短語。其中心詞是兩個名詞hand。這個短語在句中作________.6.句6中的畫線短語是________短語。其中心詞是動詞lk。這個短語在句中作______________.
Keys: 1.副詞;副詞;狀語2.副詞;副詞;狀語3.介詞;狀語4.形容詞;mad;表語5.名詞;狀語6.動詞;賓語
短語可以分為名詞短語、動詞短語、形容詞短語、副詞短語、介詞短語。下面分別談一談它們的用法和構(gòu)成。一、名詞短語:名詞短語是由名詞和它的修飾語構(gòu)成的。名詞短語主要在句中作主語、表語和賓語。根據(jù)名詞和修飾語的位置可分為前置定語和后置定語。一般來講,名詞短語構(gòu)成的“左二右六”指的是二個前置定語和六個后置定語。
1.兩個前置定語分別為:限定詞和形容詞。限定詞包括冠詞、指示代詞(this/that/these/thse)、形容詞性物主代詞、所有格等。如:the girl,this bk,these cars,my friend,Tm’s father等。2.六個后置定語分別為:(1)介詞短語The by in blue is my brther.
(2)分詞The by wearing blue jeans is my brther.(3)不定式The building t be cmpleted this mnth is ur schl library.(4)形容詞短語The students present in the classrm ttaled 54.(5)定語從句I like ur teacher wh is very kind.
(6)同位語從句The fact that she is gd at English makes her the right persn fr the jb.此外,還有一類由“名詞+介詞+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語在句中常用作狀語。這類結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞是同一個名詞。如:hand by hand,shulder t shulder,face t face,day by day等。
二、動詞短語:動詞短語主要在句中作謂語。其構(gòu)成有六種方式:1.不及物動詞+副詞。 如:stay up(熬夜),lk ut(小心),break ut(爆發(fā)),g up(上升,爆炸),take after(像),die ut(滅絕,消亡),set ut(出發(fā))。2.不及物動詞+介詞。 如:break int(闖入),g after(追求),g thrugh(經(jīng)歷),pass n(傳遞),run int(碰上),sit fr(參與),stand fr(代表)。
3.及物動詞+副詞。如:give up(放棄),(送行),(帶領(lǐng)參觀),(轉(zhuǎn)交,移交),(推遲),(接人;學(xué)會)。4.不及物動詞+副詞+介詞。如:put up with(忍受),stand up t(勇敢面對),d away with(廢除),fall back n(求助于),live up t(達到,不辜負)。
5.及物動詞+名詞+介詞。如:make fun f(取笑),take care f(照顧),pay attentin t(關(guān)注,注意),catch sight f(看見),take n ntice f(沒注意到)。6.動詞+動詞+介詞。如:make d with(將就用),let g f(置之不理)。
三、形容詞短語:形容詞短語主要在句中作定語、表語、賓語補足語等。形容詞短語是指由幾個形容詞或形容詞及其修飾語構(gòu)成的短語。其構(gòu)成方式主要有:1.三個或三個以上的形容詞同時修飾一個名詞,并且放在它們所修飾的名詞之前。This splendid ancient Chinese building is still kept in gd cnditin.這一壯麗的中國古代建筑仍然保存完好。
2.兩個形容詞可以由and,but等并列連詞連接,構(gòu)成形容詞短語。He is yung but clever.他年輕但聰明。Yur rm is large and beautiful.你的房間大且美麗。
3.very等程度副詞作修飾語,可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語。It is very ht tday.今天很熱。The rad is lng enugh.這路夠長的。(lng enugh是形容詞短語,enugh在形容詞后作修飾語)The rm was awfully dirty.這屋子太臟了。
4.介詞及其賓語可用在形容詞后修飾形容詞,可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語。I’m sure f success.我確信會成功的。(sure f success是形容詞短語.)The bttle is full f water.瓶子里裝滿了水。(full f water是形容詞短語)5.不定式在形容詞后作修飾語,可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語。He is sure t cme.他一定會來。
四、副詞短語:副詞主要是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞及句子的詞,通常用來表示時間、地點、程度、方式等。而副詞短語指的是由不止一個詞組成、但整個短語的功能/作用相當(dāng)于一個副詞的短語。副詞短語通常在句中作狀語,一般有以下幾種構(gòu)成:1.兩個或多個副詞可以由and,but等并列連詞構(gòu)成副詞短語。如:again and again。
2.程度副詞作修飾語,可與其他副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語。如:clearly enugh,much faster,extremely quickly,rather slwly。3.介詞及其賓語可與副詞連用,與副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語。如:back t nrmal。4.不定式或不定式短語在副詞后作修飾語,可與副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語。如:early t rise。
5.名詞與副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語。如:hands backwards(背著手)。6.副詞與表示比較的結(jié)構(gòu)可構(gòu)成副詞短語。如:as carefully as。五、介詞短語:介詞又叫前置詞,一般置于名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞語之前,一起在句中作狀語、定語、表語,有時也用來構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。介詞一般不重讀,不單獨作句子成分,只表示它與后面的詞和其他句子成分的關(guān)系。介詞短語可以分為五類:
1.簡單介詞+名詞/代詞。如:fr tw years,frm the bus stp,t schl,n the table,at the end等。2.復(fù)合介詞+名詞/代詞。如:int the hall,utside the huse,upn ne’s arrival,withut delay等。3.二重介詞+名詞/代詞。如:frm behind the dr,until after schl,frm amng the trees等。
4.分詞介詞+名詞/代詞。如:regarding his hbby,including Mike,cncerning ur future pay等。5.短語介詞+名詞/代詞。如:alng with his friends,n behalf f all the students,wing t the heavy rain,in spite f his shrtcming,n accunt f his delay等。
Ⅰ.指出下面各句畫線部分是哪種類型的短語1.They travelled deep int the desert last mnth.________2.I have warned yu again and again nt t d that.________3.Mike,alng with his parents,is ging t visit Beijing. ________【答案】1.副詞短語 2.副詞短語 3.介詞短語
4.The weather here is extremely cld.________5.They walked frward hand by hand.________6.Yu shuld learn t take care f yurself.________【答案】4.形容詞短語 5.名詞短語 6.動詞短語
Ⅱ.完成句子1.The ______________________ (穿著紅色衣服的女士) is ur English teacher.2.I have never seen _______________ (那個在樹下的男人).3.Yu shuld never ________________ (放棄) trying thugh yu may fail again.【答案】1.lady dressed in red2.the man under the tree 3.give up
4.Tmrrw mrning,I will ________________________ (給我的朋友送行) at the statin.5.My father is ____________ (足夠老) t retire next mnth.6.I am really ________________ (討厭) such kind f peple.7.Just then,I saw a cat running ut __________________ (從椅子下面).【答案】4.see ff my friend 5.ld enugh6.tired f 7.frm under the chair
8._____________________________ (在這條街道的盡頭) stands the tallest twer f ur city.9.Yu must try yur best t express yurself _____________ (盡可能清楚地).10.The ld man can still speak _________________(準確并且清晰地).【答案】8.At the end f this street9.a(chǎn)s clearly as pssible 10.a(chǎn)ccurately and clearly
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.His ftprints were clearly evident in the heavy _________ (灰塵).2.There’s a hle in this ceiling.I’ll have t get smething t ________(堵塞) it t keep the rain ut.3.All the ________(殘疾的)peple in ur hmetwn are nw well cared fr by the gvernment.【答案】1.dust 2.plug 3.disabled
4.The pay is s bad that I have made up my mind t _______ (辭職) frm my ffice.5.Dr Zhng Nanshan ________(值得) ur respect and lve fr his cntributins.6.The by fell t the grund and hurt himself in his _______ (前額).7.He vlunteered t ________(除雜草) the garden.【答案】4.resign 5.deserves 6.frehead 7.weed
8.The sunlight is t strng here.Let’s g and sit in the ________(陰涼處) under the tree.9.The water is biling in the ________(水壺) and it will be ready sn.10.The ________(化學(xué)家) will give us a lecture n hw t d the experiment this afternn.【答案】8.shade 9.kettle 10.chemist
Ⅱ.短語填空nt t mentin,be secndary t,resign frm,transfrm int,prvide aid fr,a chrus f,be respnsible fr,depend n,lead t,be dragged ut f1.After the earthquake,we were called n t ____________ the victims in the earthquake areas.【答案】1.prvide aid fr
2.With the help f the villagers,the by ________________ the frzen river in the end.3.As we all knw,nly hard wrk can__________ success.4.Whether yu will succeed ________________ hw hard yu wrk at this prject.【答案】2.was dragged ut f 3.lead t 4.depends n
5.In a warm rm,a piece f ice will sn ________ water.6.I have decided t _____________ my jb because it ffers t lw a pay.7.In this cmpany,Mr Black ____________ nne.He is the real tp 1 figure.【答案】5.transfrm int 6.resign frm 7.is secndary t
8.As an adult,yu must ________________ what yu d and what yu say in yur daily life and wrk.9.The cncert was attended by thusands f peple,__________________ the cuntless viewers wh watched it nline.10.At the schl gate,all the students greeted the visiting teachers with ________________“Welcme”.【答案】8.be respnsible fr 9.nt t mentin 10.a(chǎn) chrus f
Ⅲ.課文原句填空1.Hwever,she _____________ she nce had a memrable experience plugging hles in her rf in rder t keep the rain ut.不過,她承認自己有過一次難忘的經(jīng)歷,為了擋雨,她把屋頂上的洞堵住了。2.But any discmfrt is ________________ helping the needy,she believes.但她認為,任何不適都是次要的,首先要幫助有需要的人?!敬鸢浮?.a(chǎn)dmitted that 2.secndary t
3.One f my dreams is t wrk in Africa and cntinue t help the disabled after I ________________ my jb.我的夢想之一是在我辭去工作后去非洲工作,繼續(xù)幫助殘疾人。4._______________________ these activities will leave yu with unfrgettable memries.毫無疑問,這些活動會給你留下難忘的回憶?!敬鸢浮?.resign frm 4.There is n dubt that
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