注意事項(xiàng):
1.本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2.回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫在本試卷上無效。
3.回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。
4.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 聽力(共30分,略)
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
China in Space
Did yu knw...
★ In 1956 China pened the first missile and rcket research institute?
★ Wh is the first Chinese astrnaut in space?
★ What is China’s first Mars rver?
The beginning f China’s space prgram
In 1956, China pened its first missile and rcket research institute. Qian Xuesen (1911—2009), a Chinese scientist hnred as “the father f China’s space prgram” was the directr. With great determinatin t build China’s wn rckets, he devted himself t China’s space prgram. Less than ten years later, n July 19, 1964, China launched a bilgy rcket “T-7A(S1)” int space with the first Chinese “astrnauts”—4 big rats and 4 small rats inside it. In 1968, China pened anther institute fr manned space flight. But that was just the beginning.
China’s First Astrnaut in Space
At 9 a.m. Octber 15, 2003, Yang Liwei, abard the Shenzhu V manned spaceship, tk ff frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, starting his lng-expected trip in space. Mre than 20 hurs later, Yang Liwei finished his last actin f this trip by cutting the rpe f the parachute (降落傘) and walked ut f the spaceship, putting an end t Chinese peple’s successful trip t space fr the first time.
China’s first Mars rver
On April 24, China’s Space Day, China’s first Mars rver has been named Zhurng, annunced the China Natinal Space Administratin (CNSA). On May 22, the six-wheeled slar-pwered rver, lking like a blue butterfly, left the first “ftprints” n the red planet. Zhurng’s first successful drive made China the secnd cuntry after the United States t land and perate a rver n Mars.
Zhurng is the gd f fire in ancient Chinese mythlgy. Literally, Zhu expresses the gd wishes fr humankind’s explratin f the universe. Rng means integratin and cperatin, reflecting China’s visin f the peaceful use f space. The name is anther example f Chinese scientific rmance including Tianwen, Chang’e and Beidu, which als shws the Chinese spirit f explratin and cultural cnfidence, accrding t Wu Yanhua, deputy directr f the CNSA.
1.Which wrd can best describe Qian Xuesen’s quality?
A.Patient.B.Cmmitted.
C.Gentle.D.Respnsible.
2.Hw many “astrnauts” were inside the bilgy rcket “T-7A(S1)”?
A.One.B.Fur.
C.Five.D.Eight.
3.What is Zhurng accrding t the text?
A.A rcket.B.A rver.
C.A butterfly.D.A missile.
B
“Welcme t ur new ‘classrm’!” said Chen Dng, ne f the three astrnauts f the Shenzhu XIV missin.
They were giving a science class 400 kilmeters abve Earth n Oct 12. It was the third space class frm the Tiangng space statin, but the first ne frm the Wentian lab mdule(實(shí)驗(yàn)艙) since its launch in July. The frmer tw classes were held in the Tianhe cre mdule(核心艙).
What des the new “classrm” lk like? Chen, tgether with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, shwed us arund. “The beds in the Tianhe mdule are placed hrizntally(橫著), while ur beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astrnauts in the Wentian lab mdule need t sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, peple dn’t feel any difference because there’s n gravity(重力)in space. Astrnauts can even sleep n the ceiling(天花板)r upside dwn!
The astrnauts als shwed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat, thale cress(擬南芥)and rice are grwn. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Thrugh a vice-cntrlled camera, Chen already sent a picture f the thale cress t scientists n Earth. Then he used scissrs t cut a sample. “I’ll put it int a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it t scientists n Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study hw the envirnment f space affects the grwth f plants.
“We hpe in the near future, we can harvest the fd grwn n ur wn,” said Chen. “Maybe ne day, we can grw fd n the mn r even n Mars!”
4.Where were the astrnauts giving a science class?
A.In a lab n Earth.B.In the Wentian lab mdule.
C.In the Tianhe cre mdule.D.In Shengzhu XIV.
5.What are the bed in the new “classrm” like?
A.They are placed hrizntally.B.They are n the ceiling.
C.They are kept straight.D.They are turned upside dwn.
6.What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A.A piece f thale cress.B.A picture.
C.A pack f rice.D.A piece f lettuce.
7.Which wrd best describes Chen Dng’s attitude t the future f space farming?
A.Dubtful.B.Uncncerned.
C.Hpeful.D.Negative.
C
Shuld humans explre space? If yu ask me, I’ll definitely give a psitive answer.
The explitatin (開發(fā)) f space has a direct impact n the lives f humans, as well as the state f ur wrld. Satellites mving arund the earth enable cmmunicatin acrss the wrld. cnnecting peple f different cntinents and bradcasting infrmatin wrldwide. The Glbal Psitining System (GPS) can identify ur lcatin anywhere. Furthermre, weather satellites can frecast harmful weather cnditins which allws humans t prepare fr deadly natural disasters and save lives.
Space prgrams can als indirectly cntribute t the slutin t pverty and wrld hunger. Fr example, large plts f land culd be used far better if humans applied technlgies. The mst effective tl is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas f land within a very shrt time, indicating useful measures such as the cnditin f crps, sil rainfall, and drughts. It can then transmit this infrmatin t grund statins n the earth fr better use.
In recent years, space-based technlgies have becme an imprtant factr t reach and expand glbal health bjectives. Infrmatin prvided by remte technlgies can be applied t study the epidemilgy (流行病學(xué)). This data prvided by space technlgies can mnitr disease patterns, understand the envirnmental causes that spread it, make predictins abut where it can spread in the future, and make plans t fight it efficiently.
Furthermre, access t better educatin means better life prspects and pprtunities fr human beings. Rural cmmunities have disadvantaged access t educatin and satellite cmmunicatin technlgies are trying t bridge this gap. With the advancement f technlgy, students can nw access any infrmatin and cnnect with peers and teachers in different parts f the wrld via vide cnferences and the creatin f virtual classrms.
Space explratin is smething we can d fr future generatins. Mankind is using the resurces prvided n the planet, but these will run ut ne day. Overppulatin can be an existential threat fr all mankind. With the advancement f space technlgy, it will be wise t use and explre the vast ptential f ther planets, such as the availability f mining resurces n asterids r ther planets.
Fr the explratin f the universe, perhaps the mst advantageus f all is that it will unite us t wrk tgether fr a cmmn purpse, regardless f ur differences.
8.What can space explitatin d accrding t Paragraph 2?
A.Imprve the traffic n the earth.B.Prmte travel between cuntries.
C.Help prevent deadly natural disasters.D.Help humans cmmunicate and exchange infrmatin.
9.Hw can space prgrams help with pverty and wrld hunger?
A.By benefiting crp prductin with artificial earth satellites.
B.By transprting fd wrldwide mre easily.
C.By creating jb pprtunities fr the pr.
D.By prtecting available land resurces.
10.What des the authr think f mining resurces n ther planets?
A.Time-wastingB.Arguable.C.Necessary.D.Educatinal
11.What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A.Why Space Explratin Is Imprtant?
B.Why Humankind Shuld Keep Explring?
C.Why We Shuld Imprve Space Technlgy?
D.Why Humans Shuld Keep Develping Technlgies?
D
Space explratin, investigatin, by means f crewed and uncrewed spacecraft, f the reaches f the universe beynd Earth’s atmsphere and the use f the infrmatin s gained t increase knwledge f the csms and benefit humanity.
Humans have always lked at the heavens and wndered abut the nature f the bjects seen in the night sky. With the develpment f rckets and the advances in electrnics and ther technlgies in the 20th century, it became pssible t send machines and animals and then peple abve Earth’s atmsphere int uter space. Well befre technlgy made these achievements pssible, hwever, space explratin had already captured the minds f many peple, nt nly aircraft pilts and scientists but als writers and artists. The strng hld that space travel has always had n the imaginatin may well explain why prfessinal astrnauts and laypeple alike cnsent at their great peril, in the wrds f Tm Wlfe in The Right Stuff (1979), t sit “n tp f an enrmus Rman candle, such as a Redstne, Atlas, Titan r Saturn rcket, and wait fr smene t light the fuse.” It perhaps als explains why space explratin has been a cmmn and enduring theme in literature and art. As centuries f speculative fictin in bks and mre recently in films make clear,“ne small step fr a man, ne giant leap fr mankind” was taken by the human spirit many times and in many ways befre Neil Armstrng stamped humankind’s first ftprint n the Mn.
Achieving spaceflight enabled humans t begin t explre the slar system and the rest f the universe, t understand the many bjects and phenmena that are better bserved frm a space perspective, and t use fr human t benefit the resurces and attributes f the space envirnment. All f these activities—discvery, scientific understanding, and the applicatin f that understanding t serve human purpses—are elements f space explratin.
12.What is the functin f the first paragraph?
A.Identificatin. B.Demnstratin. C.Clarificatin. D.Definitin.
13.Which f the fllwing has nt been sent int space?
A.Machines. B.Peple. C.Animals. D.War.
14.Hw did peple get t space befre real space explratin?
A.By using their imaginatin.
B.By reading fictinal bks.
C.By visiting space museums.
D.By using their telescpes.
15.What is the authr’s attitude twards the space activities?
A.NegativeB.BeneficialC.HarmfulD.Superb
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Over the next 50 years, we are ging t send mre and better rbts t Mars. ___16___ There is a limit t what rbts can tell us, thugh, s eventually we will have t send peple t study the planet.
Befre peple can visit Mars, we need t invent a spaceship that can take us there. ___17___ Depending n where Mars and Earth are in their rbits arund the sun, it culd take between six mnths and a year t get there.
The mn is much clser, and we were there many years ag. Over the next 10 years, we are ging t wrk n building a new spacecraft. ___18___
Once we return t the mn, we are ging t build a statin s that peple can live and wrk n the mn fr mnths at a time. This is imprtant s that we have a place t start frm when we want t visit Mars. ___19___
By the time yu are ld enugh t be an astrnaut, we will have peple spending mnths n the mn. By the time yu are ld enugh t be a cmmander f a space missin, we will be taking trips t Mars. By the time yur kids are ld enugh t be astrnauts, we may have peple living n Mars. Wuldn’t it be cl t get a pstcard frm smene wh was building a huse n Mars? ___20___
A.Mars is very faraway.
B.Peple will g t live n Mars ne day.
C.Wuldn’t it be cler if it was yu wh sent the pstcard?
D.Using this craft, we will practice the skills we need t g t Mars.
E.Thse rbts will send back better pictures, maps, and weather reprts.
F.It wuld be pssible fr us t g t Mars in a spacecraft in the near future.
G.This is als imprtant because it gives us practice with living away frm Earth.
第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Arund 50 Mars missins have been launched glbally s far since 1960. Yet mre than half f them have ____21____ t reach the planet sme 55 millin kilmeters away frm the Earth. S after China’s Mars prbe, Tianwen 1, was ____22____ n July 23 last year, there was an ____23____ wait fr its prgress.
The craft landed___24___ n the surface f the planet n Saturday. The news has been met with bth ___25___ and celebratin in the cuntry. The landing was ___26___ exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member f the club f the wrld’s pineering ___27___, and shws that China has ___28___the technlgies independently.
It is the can-d spirit that has played a key rle in China’s scientific and technlgical develpment in recent decades___29___sme failures in explring uter space.
China made its early____30____in rcket and space technlgies starting frm the 1960s when the cuntry ____31____largely a backward agricultural cuntry. ____32____, the cuntry has made the mst f what it had ver the past mre than six decades, making effrts t mve ahead in the aerspace cause.
Late last mnth, China sent Tianhe int space,____33____a series f launches that will cmplete the building f the space statin arund 2022.
All these achievements have_____34_____greatly t the peaceful use f uter space. During its Mars missin, China has wrked with Eurpean _____35_____and ther cuntries and will help push humankind t travel faster and farther in the future.
21.A.begunB.failedC.a(chǎn)ttemptedD.succeeded
22.A.transprtedB.discveredC.launchedD.settled
23.A.a(chǎn)nxiusB.a(chǎn)wareC.a(chǎn)wkwardD.a(chǎn)mazing
24.A.suddenlyB.safelyC.calmlyD.bviusly
25.A.prtestB.regretC.pityD.relief
26.A.carried awayB.carried ffC.carried utD.carried n
27.A.explrersB.a(chǎn)pplicantsC.fficialsD.editrs
28.A.brrwedB.selectedC.develpedD.remved
29.A.withutB.beyndC.exceptD.despite
30.A.prmisesB.impactsC.inventinsD.breakthrughs
31.A.becameB.remainedC.endedD.started
32.A.ThusB.TherefreC.FurthermreD.Hwever
33.A.getting ffB.cutting ffC.starting ffD.putting ff
34.A.a(chǎn)ppealedB.cntributedC.respndedD.belnged
35.A.neighbursB.friendsC.partnersD.classmates
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1. 5分, 滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料,在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The Shenzhu XV astrnauts (宇航員) entered the Tiangng space statin n Wednesday mrning and they____36____(give) warm hugs by the Shenzhu XIV astrnauts already circling fr nearly six mnths.
After abut tw hurs f preparatry wrk fllwing the cnnectin f the Shenzhu XV spacecraft with the Tiangng statin, Fei Junlng, the Shenzhu XV leader, ____37____(pen) a dr n his spaceship and flated int the statin.
He was welcmed by Chen Dng, leader f the Shenzhu XIV, _38_ had been waiting inside the statin fr a while. The tw leaders hugged each ther with Chen _39_(say): “Welcme! Let’s hug.”
And then Chen tld Fei, “There are tw mre waiting fr yu”, referring t Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe that _40_(be) inside the statin's Wentian lab.
In the fllwing minutes, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu mved int the statin ne _41_ ne and they were als greeted by Chen.
The Shenzhu XV astrnauts then entered the Wentian lab and hugged Liu and Cai____42____(excited). They chatted fr a while __43__then tk a grup selfie(自拍) t the clapping frm grund cntrllers.
Their meeting marked____44____first time that as many as six Chinese astrnauts are travelling in space at the same time.____45____(early), there had been at mst three Chinese astrnauts in space at a time.
The entire prcess was bradcast live n the China Central Televisin.
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié), 滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46.假設(shè)你是李華。你班最近一次班會(huì)的主題是“太空探險(xiǎn)的意義”。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合下表內(nèi)容,用英語給《21世紀(jì)學(xué)生報(bào)》的“Vice Yur Opinin”欄目投稿一篇,介紹你們討論的情況并發(fā)表你的觀點(diǎn)。
一些同學(xué)贊同
一些同學(xué)反對(duì)
你的觀點(diǎn)
1.獲得新知識(shí);
2.給人類帶來更大的生存空間。
1.耗資巨大;
2.宇航員的安全問題。
……
注意:
1.詞數(shù)80左右;
2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
The quilt (被子) tk a lt f time. But the messages n it were meaningful.
When I started my current prject, I wke up every day with new ideas and fresh enthusiasm. I really believed in the imprtance f what I wanted t create, and I had my husband, Claudi, t cheer me n. But then, things had gtten hard. I injured my shulder and my recvery was slw. In the middle f it, I lst Claudi t cancer. I was discuraged, lnely, and withut Claudi’s cmfrt. Facing dwn the halffinished quilt in my sewing rm ne mrning sn after his death, I culd hardly gather the energy t sew it.
The quilt was meant t be a way t keep my ld nursing class tgether. We’d graduated frm Mercy Cllege ver 40 years befre and quickly wrked all ver the cuntry. After ur last anniversary party, I tried t find ways fr everyne t stay in tuch, but nthing ever seemed t wrk ut. I knew I needed t find a cnnectin t share at a distance. I thught abut a quilt.
I gt in tuch with as many f my ld classmates as I culd. Everyne wh wanted t jin the prject was sent a piece f fabric (布料). They culd sign it r write a persnal message. Once I gt the pieces back, I’d sew them int the finished piece.
I rubbed my painful shulder and ran my hand ver the unfinished quilt. Even after several peratins, mvement in my left arm was limited. There was still s much t d. Our class’s frty-fifth anniversary party was cming up but my heart wasn’t in this prject anymre. With Claudi’s encuragement I’d kept at it despite my painful shulder. But Claudi was gne nw. Wrking n the quilt was impssible with my aches and pains. Why was I even trying? I cvered up my sewing machine and left the quilt as it was.
注意:
1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
Weeks passed but I didn’t sew a thing.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I arrived at ur frty-fifth anniversary party.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考答案:
1.B 2.D 3.B
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的航天史上的重要人物和重要成就。
1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中The beginning f China’s space prgram部分中的“With great determinatin t build China’s wn rckets, he devted himself t China’s space prgram.(帶著建造中國自己的火箭的巨大決心,全身心投入到中國的太空計(jì)劃中。)”可知,錢學(xué)森帶著建造中國自己的火箭的巨大決心,全身心投入到中國的太空計(jì)劃中。由此推知,“cmmitted(盡心盡力)”一詞最能形容錢學(xué)森的品質(zhì)。故選B。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The beginning f China’s space prgram部分中的“Less than ten years later, n July 19, 1964, China launched a bilgy rcket “T-7A(S1)” int space with the first Chinese “astrnauts”—4 big rats and 4 small rats inside it.(不到十年,在1964年7月19日,中國向太空發(fā)射了一枚生物火箭“T-7A(S1)”,火箭里有中國首批“宇航員”——四只大鼠和四只小鼠。)”可知,在生物火箭“T-7A(S1)”里搭載了八只“宇航員”。故選D。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)China’s first Mars rver部分中的第一段“On April 24, China’s Space Day, China’s first Mars rver has been named Zhurng, annunced the China Natinal Space Administratin (CNSA).( 中國國家航天局宣布,在4月24日,中國航天日,中國首個(gè)火星車被命名為“祝融號(hào)”。)”可知,中國首個(gè)火星車被命名為“祝融號(hào)”。所以“祝融號(hào)”是一個(gè)登陸車。故選B。
4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了神舟十四號(hào)宇航員在太空進(jìn)行的“天宮課堂”第三課的主要內(nèi)容等。
4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It was the third space class frm the Tiangng space statin, but the first ne frm the Wentian lab mdule(實(shí)驗(yàn)艙) since its launch in July.(這是天宮空間站進(jìn)行的天宮課堂的第三課,但自7月發(fā)射以來,這是問天實(shí)驗(yàn)艙進(jìn)行的第一次。)”可知,宇航員們是在問天實(shí)驗(yàn)艙里進(jìn)行太空授課的。故選B。
5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段““The beds in the Tianhe mdule are placed hrizntally(橫著), while ur beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astrnauts in the Wentian lab mdule need t sleep standing up! (“天河艙的床是橫著放置的,而我們的床是直立的,”劉洋說。這意味著“問天”實(shí)驗(yàn)艙的宇航員需要站著睡覺!)”可知,問天實(shí)驗(yàn)艙的床保持直立。故選C。
6.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞的前一句“Thrugh a vice-cntrlled camera, Chen already sent a picture f the thale cress t scientists n Earth. Then he used scissrs t cut a sample.(通過一個(gè)聲控相機(jī),陳冬已經(jīng)向地球上的科學(xué)家發(fā)送了一張塔勒水芹的照片。然后他用剪刀剪了一個(gè)樣本。)”結(jié)合劃線句“ “I’ll put it int a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it t scientists n Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study hw the envirnment f space affects the grwth f plants.(陳說:“我會(huì)把它放進(jìn)零下80℃的冰箱里,然后交給地球上的科學(xué)家。”科學(xué)家們將研究太空環(huán)境如何影響植物的生長。)”可知,it代指的是一個(gè)塔勒水芹。故選A。
7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““We hpe in the near future, we can harvest the fd grwn n ur wn,” said Chen. “Maybe ne day, we can grw fd n the mn r even n Mars!”(“我們希望在不久的將來,我們可以收獲我們自己種植的食物,”陳冬說?!耙苍S有一天,我們可以在月球甚至火星上種植食物!”)”可知,陳冬對(duì)于在太空中種植作物充滿希望。故選C。
8.D 9.A 10.C 11.A
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。主要講的是人類是否應(yīng)該探索太空為此話題而展開的討論,論述了探索太空的重要性。
8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The space explratin has a direct impact n the lives f humans, as well as the state f ur wrld. Satellites mving arund the earth enable cmmunicatin acrss the wrld, cnnecting peple f different cntinents and bradcasting infrmatin wrldwide. The Glbal Psitining System(GPS) can identify ur lcatin anywhere. Furthermre, weather satellites can frecast harmful weather cnditins, which allws humans t prepare fr deadly natural disasters and save lives.”(太空探索直接影響著人類的生活,也影響著我們這個(gè)世界的現(xiàn)狀。環(huán)繞地球運(yùn)行的衛(wèi)星使全世界的通信成為可能,將不同大陸的人們聯(lián)系起來,向全世界廣播信息。全球定位系統(tǒng)(GPS)可以在任何地方確定我們的位置。此外,氣象衛(wèi)星可以預(yù)測有害的天氣狀況,這使人類能夠?yàn)橹旅淖匀粸?zāi)害做好準(zhǔn)備,挽救生命。)可知,根據(jù)第二段,太空探索可以幫助人類交流和傳播信息。故選D。
9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Space prgrams can als indirectly lead t the slutin t pverty and wrld hunger. Fr example, large plts f land culd be used far better if humans applied technlgies. The mst effective tl is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas f land within a very shrt time, indicating useful measures, such as the cnditin f crps, sil, rainfall, and drughts. It can then transmit this infrmatin t grund statins n the earth fr better use.”(太空計(jì)劃還可以間接地解決貧困和世界饑餓問題。例如,如果人類應(yīng)用技術(shù),大片土地可以得到更好的利用。最有效的工具是人造地球衛(wèi)星。它可以在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)篩選土地面積,顯示有用的措施,如作物狀況、土壤、降雨和干旱。然后,它可以將這些信息傳輸?shù)降厍蛏系牡孛嬲荆员愀玫厥褂?。)可知,太空?jì)劃利用人造地球衛(wèi)星造福農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)來幫助解決貧困和世界饑餓問題。故選A。
10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“With the advancement f space technlgy, it will be wise t use and explre the vast ptential f ther planets, such as the availability f mining resurces n asterids r ther planets.”(隨著太空技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,利用和探索其他行星的巨大潛力將是明智的,例如小行星或其他行星上的采礦資源的可用性。)可推知,作者對(duì)在其他星球上開采資源這一行為認(rèn)為是有必要的。故選C。
11.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Shuld humans explre space? If yu ask me, I’ll definitely give a psitive answer.(人類應(yīng)該探索太空嗎?如果你問我,我一定會(huì)給你肯定的答復(fù))”以及最后一段“Fr the explratin f the universe, perhaps the mst advantageus f all is that it will unite us t wrk tgether fr a cmmn purpse, regardless f ur differences.(對(duì)于宇宙的探索來說,也許最有利的是它將把我們團(tuán)結(jié)起來,為了一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)而努力,不管我們有什么分歧)”結(jié)合文章主要講的是人類是否應(yīng)該探索太空為此話題而展開的討論,論述了探索太空的重要性。可知,A選項(xiàng)“為什么太空探索很重要?”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。
12.C 13.D 14.B 15.B
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人類對(duì)太空的探索。
12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Space explratin, investigatin, by means f crewed and uncrewed spacecraft, f the reaches f the universe beynd Earth’s atmsphere and the use f the infrmatin s gained t increase knwledge f the csms and benefit humanity.(利用載人和無人飛船對(duì)地球大氣層以外的宇宙范圍進(jìn)行空間探索和調(diào)查,并利用由此獲得的信息增進(jìn)對(duì)宇宙的認(rèn)識(shí),造福人類。)”及全文可推斷,第一段作者闡明了人類對(duì)太空探索的事實(shí)。故選C。
13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“With the develpment f rckets and the advances in electrnics and ther technlgies in the 20th century, it became pssible t send machines and animals and then peple abve Earth’s atmsphere int uter space.(隨著20世紀(jì)火箭的發(fā)展、電子技術(shù)和其他技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,把機(jī)器和動(dòng)物,然后把人送到地球大氣層外的太空成為可能。)”可知,送到太空的有機(jī)器、動(dòng)物和人。故選D。
14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Well befre technlgy made these achievements pssible, hwever, space explratin had already captured the minds f many peple, nt nly aircraft pilts and scientists but als writers and artists. The strng hld that space travel has always had n the imaginatin may well explain why prfessinal astrnauts and laypeple alike cnsent at their great peril, in the wrds f Tm Wlfe in The Right Stuff (1979), t sit “n tp f an enrmus Rman candle, such as a Redstne, Atlas, Titan r Saturn rcket, and wait fr smene t light the fuse.” It perhaps als explains why space explratin has been a cmmn and enduring theme in literature and art. (然而,早在科技使這些成就成為可能之前,太空探索就已經(jīng)吸引了許多人的注意力,不僅是飛行員和科學(xué)家,而且還有作家和藝術(shù)家。太空旅行一直以來都是人們想象中的一部分,這很好地解釋了為什么專業(yè)宇航員和門外行人都同意冒著巨大的危險(xiǎn),用湯姆·沃爾夫在《太空英雄》(1979)中的話說,“坐在一個(gè)巨大的羅馬蠟燭上,比如紅石、阿特拉斯、泰坦或土星火箭,等待有人點(diǎn)燃引信?!边@也許也解釋了為什么太空探索一直是文學(xué)和藝術(shù)中一個(gè)普遍而持久的主題。)”可知,在真正的太空探索之前,人類是通過讀虛構(gòu)的書到達(dá)太空的。故選B。
15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Achieving spaceflight enabled humans t begin t explre the slar system and the rest f the universe, t understand the many bjects and phenmena that are better bserved frm a space perspective, and t use fr human t benefit the resurces and attributes f the space envirnment. All f these activities—discvery, scientific understanding, and the applicatin f that understanding t serve human purpses—are elements f space explratin. (航天的實(shí)現(xiàn)使人類開始探索太陽系和宇宙的其他部分,更好地了解從空間角度觀察到的許多物體和現(xiàn)象,并利用空間環(huán)境的資源和屬性為人類造福。所有這些活動(dòng)——發(fā)現(xiàn)、科學(xué)認(rèn)識(shí)以及應(yīng)用這些認(rèn)識(shí)為人類服務(wù)——都是太空探索的要素。)”可推斷,作者認(rèn)為太空活動(dòng)是有益的。故選B。
16.E 17.A 18.D 19.G 20.C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了在接下來的50年里,人類將因機(jī)器人探索能力有限而派人類宇航員到火星進(jìn)行探測。
16.根據(jù)上文“Over the next 50 years, we are ging t send mre and better rbts t Mars(在接下來的50年里,我們將向火星發(fā)射更多更好的機(jī)器人)”可知,此處講的是未來的50年里這些機(jī)器人將會(huì)給人類提供更好的服務(wù),與E項(xiàng)“Thse rbts will send back better pictures, maps, and weather reprts.( Thse rbts will send back better pictures, maps, and weather reprts.(這些機(jī)器人將發(fā)回更好的圖片、地圖和天氣報(bào)告))”表達(dá)的含義一致,故選E項(xiàng)。
17.根據(jù)下文“Depending n where Mars and Earth are in their rbits arund the sun, it culd take between six mnths and a year t get there.( 根據(jù)火星和地球繞太陽軌道的位置,到達(dá)那里可能需要六個(gè)月到一年的時(shí)間)”可知,此處講的是火星距離很遠(yuǎn),與A項(xiàng)“Mars is very faraway.( 火星非常遙遠(yuǎn))”表達(dá)的含義一致,故選A項(xiàng)。
18.根據(jù)上文“Over the next 10 years, we are ging t wrk n building a new spacecraft.(在接下來的10年里,我們將致力于建造一艘新的航天器)”可知此處說的是這艘新的航天器的用途,與D項(xiàng)“Using this craft, we will practice the skills we need t g t Mars.(使用這艘飛船,我們將練習(xí)前往火星所需的技能)”表達(dá)的含義一致,故選D項(xiàng)。
19.根據(jù)上文“Once we return t the mn, we are ging t build a statin s that peple can live and wrk n the mn fr mnths at a time. This is imprtant s that we have a place t start frm when we want t visit Mars.( 一旦我們回到月球,我們將建造一個(gè)空間站,這樣人們就可以一次在月球上生活和工作幾個(gè)月。這很重要,這樣當(dāng)我們想訪問火星時(shí),我們就有了一個(gè)起點(diǎn))”可知,此處講的是在月球上建立空間站的重要性,與G項(xiàng)“This is als imprtant because it gives us practice with living away frm Earth.(這也很重要,因?yàn)樗屛覀兙毩?xí)遠(yuǎn)離地球的生活)”表達(dá)的含義一致,故選G項(xiàng)。
20.根據(jù)上文“By the time yur kids are ld enugh t be astrnauts, we may have peple living n Mars. Wuldn’t it be cl t get a pstcard frm smene wh was building a huse n Mars?( 當(dāng)你的孩子長大到可以成為宇航員的時(shí)候,我們可能會(huì)有人生活在火星上。收到一個(gè)在火星上建造房子的人寄來的明信片不是很酷嗎?)”可知此處在用明信片收發(fā)來暢想未來,與C項(xiàng)“Wuldn’t it be cler if it was yu wh sent the pstcard?( 如果是你寄的明信片,那不是更酷嗎?)”表達(dá)的含義一致,故選C項(xiàng)。
21.B 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.C 27.A 28.C 29.D 30.D 31.B 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國成功發(fā)射“天問一號(hào)”,此次成功登陸火星是中國空間技術(shù)發(fā)展的巨大飛躍。
21.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,其中一半以上未能到達(dá)距離地球5500萬公里遠(yuǎn)的行星。A. begun開始;B. failed失?。籆. attempted嘗試;D. succeeded成功。根據(jù)“Arund 50 Mars missins have been launched glbally s far since 1960.”和“Yet”可知,超過一半的火星任務(wù)失敗了。故選B。
22.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,在中國的火星探測器“天問一號(hào)”于去年7月23日發(fā)射后,人們焦急地等待著了解它的進(jìn)展。A. transprted運(yùn)輸;B. discvered發(fā)現(xiàn);C. launched發(fā)射;D. settled解決。根據(jù)“The craft landed____4____ n the surface f the planet n Saturday.”和常識(shí)可知,天問一號(hào)是去年7月23號(hào)發(fā)射的。故選C。
23.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,在中國的火星探測器“天問一號(hào)”于去年7月23日發(fā)射后,人們焦急地等待著了解它的進(jìn)展。A. anxius焦急的;B. aware有意識(shí)的;C. awkward尷尬的;D. amazing令人驚訝的。根據(jù)“Yet mre than half f them have 1 t reach the planet sme 55 millin kilmeters away frm the Earth. ”可知,火星發(fā)射失敗率很高,因此在天問一號(hào)發(fā)射之后,所有人都在焦急等待它的進(jìn)展情況。故選A。
24.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:該飛船于周六在火星表面安全著陸。A. suddenly突然地;B. safely安全地;C. calmly安靜地;D. bviusly明顯地。根據(jù)“The news has been met with bth ____5____ and celebratin in the cuntry.”可知,飛行器安全地著陸在火星表面,舉國歡慶。故選B。
25.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個(gè)消息讓這個(gè)國家感到寬慰和喜慶。A. prtest反對(duì);B. regret后悔;C. pity遺憾;D. relief寬慰。根據(jù)“The craft landed____4____ n the surface f the planet n Saturday.”可知,飛行器安全著陸火星的消息令人寬慰。故選D。
26.考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意:這次著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行,這使中國成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂部的最新成員,也表明中國已經(jīng)自主研發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。A. carried away帶走;B. carried ff奪走;C. carried ut實(shí)施;D. carried n繼續(xù)。根據(jù)“which has made China the latest member f the club f the wrld’s pineering ____7____,”可知,飛行器安全著陸,因此它的著陸是按計(jì)劃實(shí)行的。故選C。
27.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這次著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行,這使中國成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂部的最新成員,也表明中國已經(jīng)自主研發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。A. explrers探險(xiǎn)者;B. applicants申請(qǐng)人;C. fficials官員;D. editrs編輯。根據(jù)“The landing was ____6____ exactly as planned,”可知,飛行器安全地著陸在火星表面是一次太空探險(xiǎn),中國已然躋身于世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者行列。故選A。
28.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:這次著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行,這使中國成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂部的最新成員,也表明中國已經(jīng)自主研發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。A. brrwed借;B. selected選擇;C. develped開發(fā);D. remved開除。根據(jù)“the technlgies independently”可知,此次火星著陸技術(shù)是中國自主研發(fā)的。故選C。
29.考查介詞詞義辨析。句意:盡管在探索外層空間方面有一些失敗,但這種敢做敢為的精神在中國近幾十年的科技發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。A. withut沒有,缺乏;B. beynd超過;C. except除……之外;D. despite盡管。根據(jù)“sme failures in explring uter space.”可知,與主句之間有讓步關(guān)系,太空探索盡管遇到失敗,但是敢做能為的精神在科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展方面起著關(guān)鍵的作用。故選D。
30.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:從上世紀(jì)60年代開始,中國在火箭和航天技術(shù)方面取得了早期突破,當(dāng)時(shí)中國在很大程度上仍是一個(gè)落后的農(nóng)業(yè)國家。A. prmises承諾;B. impacts影響;C. inventins發(fā)明;D. breakthrughs突破。根據(jù)“in rcket and space technlgies starting frm the 1960s”和下文的“the cuntry has made the mst f what it had ver the past mre than six decades”可知,中國在火箭和太空技術(shù)方面取得了早期的突破。故選D。
31.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:從上世紀(jì)60年代開始,中國在火箭和航天技術(shù)方面取得了早期突破,當(dāng)時(shí)中國在很大程度上仍是一個(gè)落后的農(nóng)業(yè)國家。A. becme變成;B. remain仍然是;C. end結(jié)束;D. start啟動(dòng)。根據(jù)“l(fā)argely a backward agricultural cuntry.”和常識(shí)可知,中國在很大程度上仍是一個(gè)落后的農(nóng)業(yè)國家。故選B。
32.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,中國已經(jīng)充分利用了它在過去60多年里所擁有的,努力向前推進(jìn)航天事業(yè)。A. Thus因此;B. Therefre因此;C. Furthermre此外;D. Hwever然而。根據(jù)“the cuntry has made the mst f what it had ver the past mre than six decades, making effrts t mve ahead in the aerspace cause. ”與前文的“l(fā)argely a backward agricultural cuntry”可知,此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以用Hwever。故選D。
33.考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意:上月末,中國將“天和”送入太空,開啟了一系列發(fā)射,這些發(fā)射將在2022年前后完成空間站的建設(shè)。A. getting ff下車;B. cutting ff切斷;C. starting ff啟動(dòng),開啟;D. putting ff推遲。根據(jù)“Late last mnth, China sent Tianhe int space,”和下文“ will cmplete the building f the space statin arund 2022”可知,隨著天和核心艙進(jìn)入太空,開始了一系列的太空站建設(shè)的發(fā)射任務(wù)。故選C。
34.考查動(dòng)詞搭配辨析。句意:這些成就為和平利用外太空作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。A. appealed (t)呼吁,吸引;B. cntributed (t)促進(jìn);C. respnded (t) 響應(yīng);D. belnged (t)屬于。根據(jù)“greatly t the peaceful use f uter space.”可知,所有這些成就極大地促成外太空的和平使用。故選B。
35.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在火星任務(wù)中,中國與歐洲伙伴和其他國家合作,將幫助推動(dòng)人類在未來走得更快更遠(yuǎn)。A. neighbur鄰居;B. friend朋友;C. partner伙伴;D. classmate同學(xué)。根據(jù)“and ther cuntries and will help push humankind t travel faster and farther in the future.”可知,在火星任務(wù)實(shí)施期間,中國已經(jīng)和其它國家一起合作來探索太空。故選C。
36.were given 37.pened 38.wh 39.saying 40.were 41.by 42.excitedly 43.a(chǎn)nd 44.the 45.Earlier
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了神舟十五號(hào)和神舟十四號(hào)機(jī)組人員見面的場景。
36.考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:周三上午,神舟十五號(hào)宇航員進(jìn)入天宮空間站,神舟十四號(hào)宇航員熱情擁抱了他們,他們已經(jīng)繞了近六個(gè)月??仗帪閍nd并列句的謂語動(dòng)詞,陳述過去的事情,且主語they“神舟十五號(hào)宇航員”和give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是復(fù)數(shù),故填were given。
37.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:神舟十五號(hào)飛船與天宮站連接后,經(jīng)過大約兩個(gè)小時(shí)的準(zhǔn)備工作,神舟十五號(hào)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人費(fèi)俊龍打開飛船的一扇門,漂浮進(jìn)入天宮站??仗庍M(jìn)而下文flated是并列的謂語動(dòng)詞,因此也用一般過去時(shí)。故填pened。
38.考查定語從句。句意:他受到了神舟十四號(hào)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人陳冬的歡迎,他已經(jīng)在空間站內(nèi)等待了一段時(shí)間??仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句,先行詞是Chen Dng,從句缺少主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞wh。故填wh。
39.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人擁抱在一起,陳說:“歡迎!讓我們擁抱一下?!笨仗帒?yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ),邏輯主語Chen和say之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填saying。
40.考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:然后,陳告訴費(fèi),“還有兩個(gè)人在等你”,指的是在空間站問天實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的劉洋和蔡旭哲。空處為定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞,主語that是復(fù)數(shù)概念(指代先行詞 Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe ),且陳述過去的動(dòng)作,故填were。
41.考查固定短語。句意:在接下來的幾分鐘里,鄧清明和張陸一個(gè)接一個(gè)地搬進(jìn)了車站,他們也受到了陳的歡迎。結(jié)合句意表達(dá)“一個(gè)接一個(gè)”用ne by ne。故填by。
42.考查副詞。句意:神舟十五號(hào)航天員隨后進(jìn)入問天實(shí)驗(yàn)室,激動(dòng)地?fù)肀Я藙⒑筒?。修飾?dòng)詞hugged應(yīng)用所給詞的副詞形式。故填excitedly。
43.考查并列連詞。句意:他們聊了一會(huì)兒,然后在地面控制人員的掌聲中集體自拍。“聊天”和“集體自拍”是兩個(gè)連續(xù)的動(dòng)作,應(yīng)用and連接。故填and。
44.考查冠詞。句意:他們的會(huì)面標(biāo)志著多達(dá)六名中國宇航員首次同時(shí)在太空旅行。表達(dá)“第一次,首次”應(yīng)用the first time。故填the。
45.考查副詞。句意:早些時(shí)候,一次最多有三名中國宇航員進(jìn)入太空。作時(shí)間狀語,表示“早些時(shí)候”應(yīng)用副詞earlier。故填Earlier。
46.Outer space explratins, yes r n?
We had an argument ver whether it is necessary t carry ut uter space explratins at a class meeting the ther day.
Sme f us feel it imprtant t research the uter space. Firstly, peple can get a better understanding f the uter space thrugh space explratins. Secndly, these explratins can pssibly bring new living space fr human life.
Hwever, thers think very differently. They say this kind f explratin is much t cstly. Besides, it is very dangerus fr astrnauts t d such wrk.
In my pinin, peple shuld be pineering and therefre such explratins int uter space are wrth trying ut.
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給校英文報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道,介紹班內(nèi)對(duì)“太空探索的意義”這一主題的討論情況。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
重要的:imprtant→significant
理解:understanding→cmprehensin
此外:besides→what’s mre
因此:therefre→hence/thus
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句: Secndly, these explratins can pssibly bring new living space fr human life.
拓展句:Secndly, these explratins can pssibly bring new living space fr human life, which is wrth the value.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Sme f us feel it imprtant t research the uter space.(運(yùn)用了it作形式賓語)
【高分句型2】We had an argument ver whether it is necessary t carry ut uter space explratins at a class meeting the ther day.(運(yùn)用了whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)
47. passed but I didn’t sew a thing. I saw it ne afternn when I went int my sewing rm. Quilting pieces cvered the table. They were filled with clrful messages frm my ld classmates at Mercy Cllege. I picked ne up: “Mercy sisters—friends frever” The handwriting was messy, but the statement was true. I culd almst imagine my ld friends right beside me, whispering wrds f hpe and lve. Maybe I’m nt as alne as I thught. Suddenly my prject n lnger seemed s frightening. N time t waste. I uncvered my sewing machine and gt t wrk.
I arrived at ur frty-fifth anniversary party. I was equipped with pictures f the finished quilt. The ladies cheered as the phts went frm hand t hand, ne dear friend t anther. I culdn’t wait fr them t hld the real thing, fr them t be wrapped in the cmfrt f ld friends, just like I had been when I needed it mst.
【分析】文章講述了作者想縫制一床被子,用來把曾經(jīng)護(hù)理班的同學(xué)們聯(lián)系起來。起初,在丈夫的鼓勵(lì)下,作者充滿熱情,但后來,作者的肩膀受傷,丈夫又因?yàn)榘┌Y去世,這讓作者失去了對(duì)縫制被子的熱情。作者護(hù)理班的45周年紀(jì)念派對(duì)即將到來,但她的心已經(jīng)不在縫制被子上了,再加上肩膀的疼痛,她認(rèn)為縫制被子是不可能的。于是,她蓋上縫紉機(jī),把被子留在原處。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫:
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“幾個(gè)星期過去了,但我什么也沒縫?!笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懽髡咝膽B(tài)的變化,是什么讓她再次燃起了對(duì)縫制被子的熱情。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我到達(dá)了我們的45周年紀(jì)念派對(duì)?!笨芍?,第二段可描寫當(dāng)作者把被子成品的照片給老同學(xué)們看時(shí),他們的反應(yīng)及作者的感受。
2.續(xù)寫線索:無心縫制被子——看到老同學(xué)的信息——再次燃起了熱情——被子縫制成功——老同學(xué)看到被子成品的照片——老同學(xué)的反應(yīng)——作者的感受
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①.走進(jìn),進(jìn)入:g int/walk int
②.充滿……:be filled with…/be full f…
③.開始工作:get t wrk/begin t wrk
情緒類
①.令人恐懼的:frightening/terrifying
②.孤獨(dú)的:alne/slitary
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]. I saw it ne afternn when I went int my sewing rm. (由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句)
[高分句型2]. The ladies cheered as the phts went frm hand t hand, ne dear friend t anther. (由as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句)

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