（2023·天津南開·南開中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）Styrfam, r plystyrene, is a light-weight material, abut 95 percent air, with very gd insulatin (隔熱) prperties, accrding t Earthsurce.rg. It is used in prducts frm cups that keep yur drinks ht r cld t packaging material that prtects items during shipping. With the abve gd features, Styrfam still enjys a bad reputatin. It cannt be recycled withut releasing dangerus pllutin int the air. The U. S. Envirnmental Prtectin Agency says it is the fifth-largest creatr f harmful waste.
But nw the cmmn wrms which are usually disgusting can cme t the rescue, specifically, mealwrms. Scientists frm the U. S. and China have discvered that mealwrms can digest plastic. One mealwrm can digest a pill-sized amunt f plastic a day. Study c-authr Wei-Min Wu says that in 24 hurs, the plastic is turned int carbn dixide.
Since Styrfam has n nutritin at all, are the wrms hurt by eating plastic? Much t the scientists’ surprise, the study fund that wrms eating Styrfam were as healthy as wrms eating bran (谷糠). The researchers will study the wrm’s eating habits and digesting system, lking t cpy the plastic breakdwn but n a larger scale. Once the way can be put int practice, it will make a revlutinary difference t the dispsal f plastic.
“Slving the issue f plastic pllutin is imprtant”, says Wu, a Stanfrd University envirnmental engineering instructr. After all, ur earth is small and landfill space is becming limited with t much garbage waiting t be dealt with, he says.
Abut 33-millin tns f plastic are thrwn away in the United States every year. Plastic plates, cups and cntainers take up 25 percent t 30 percent f space in America’s landfills. One Styrfam cup takes mre than 1 millin years t recycle in a landfill, accrding t Cleveland State University.
1．What d we knw abut Styrfam?
A．It can be used t cl drinks.
B．It is a weightless material.
C．It is harmful when recycled.
D．It is usually used n ships.
2．What can we infer frm the secnd paragraph?
A．Mealwrms have amazing digesting pwer.
B．Mealwrms are nt bad in their nature.
C．Mealwrms can rescue peple’s lives.
D．Peple misunderstd mealwrms in the past.
3．Why will researchers study the wrm’s eating habits and digesting system?
A．T find ways t help mealwrms grw larger.
B．T imitate their ways f breaking dwn plastic.
C．T help develp their digesting ability.
D．T make sure f their safety after eating plastic.
4．In the future, plastic may be recycled ______.
A．by raising amunts f mealwrms
B．by envirnmental engineering instructrs
C．using a methd inspired by eating mealwrms
D．withut sending ut dangerus pllutin
5．What’s the main idea f this passage?
A．Styrfam is widely used in daily life.
B．Mealwrms are genius at eating plastic.
C．Plastic recycling may be n mre a prblem.
D．Plastic can be turned int carbn dixide.
（2023·天津·耀華中學(xué)?？级＃㊣n 2016, the wrld’s ppulatin cast aside 49 millin tns f electrnic waste, knwn as e-waste. It has been calculated that this number will grw t mre than 60 millin tns by 2021.
What is causing the upsurge (激增) in e-waste? Technlgy is becming mre and mre widespread, cvering almst every aspect f ur lives. Meanwhile, the lifespan f devices is getting shrter—many prducts will be thrwn away nce their batteries die, t be replaced by new devices. Cmpanies intentinally plan the bslescence (過時) f their gds by updating the design r sftware and discntinuing supprt fr lder mdels, s that nw it is usually cheaper and easier t buy a new prduct than t repair an ld ne. Since prices are falling, electrnic devices are in demand arund the wrld.
As mre peple buy electrnic equipment, manufacturers (制造商) are beginning t face shrtages f the raw materials needed t make their prducts, s recycling and reusing materials frm discarded (扔掉的) prducts and waste makes ecnmic and envirnmental sense.
Recycling e-waste is practiced bth frmally and infrmally. Prper r frmal e-waste recycling usually invlves taking apart the electrnics, separating and srting thrugh the materials and cleaning them. Cmpanies must bey health and safety rules t reduce the health and envirnmental hazards f handling e-waste by using pllutin-cntrl technlgies. All this makes frmal recycling expensive. Infrmal recycling is typically unlicensed and uncntrlled. At infrmal recycling wrkshps, men and wmen recver valuable materials by burning devices t melt away nn-valuable materials. Usually they d nt wear prtective equipment and lack any awareness that they are handling dangerus materials.
With the amunt f e-waste grwing arund the wrld, recycling alne will nt be enugh t slve the prblem. In rder t reduce e-waste, manufacturers need t design electrnics that are safer, and mre durable, repairable and recyclable. The best thing yu can d is resist buying a new device until yu really need it. Try t get yur ld prduct repaired if pssible and, if it can’t be fixed, resell r recycle it respnsibly. Befre yu recycle yur device, put any brken parts in separate cntainers and clse these tightly t prevent chemicals frm leaking. Wear latex glves and a mask if yu’re handling smething that’s brken.
6．Which f the fllwing is a reasn fr e-waste’s sharp increasing?
A．The falling f devices’ quality.B．The results f updating devices.
C．The methds f recycling e-waste.D．The shrtage f prtective equipment.
7．What makes recycling e-waste meaningful accrding t the text?
A．Increasing the variety f electrnic prducts.B．Lwering the csts f technlgy innvatin.
C．Relieving the lack f the raw materials.D．Imprving the pr quality f e-devices.
8．What is the meaning f the underlined wrd “hazards” in paragraph 4?
A．Influence.B．Harm.C．Limits.D．Csts.
9．What can we knw abut infrmal recycling wrkshps frm paragraph 4?
A．They are blamed fr shrtening the lifespan f devices.
B．Their ways f reusing waste are smetimes encuraged.
C．They aim t discver rare materials frm waste fr new prducts.
D．Their wrkers are unaware f the danger frm dealing with devices.
10．What des the authr want t cnvey in the last paragraph?
A．Everyne shuld take actin t reduce e-waste.
B．Cmpanies shuld be mainly respnsible fr reducing e-waste.
C．Fixing a device culd cause mre pllutin than buying a new ne.
D．E-waste culd be brken dwn by burying it undergrund fr a lng time.
（2023·天津和平·統(tǒng)考二模）Scientists wh study happiness knw that being kind t thers can imprve well-being. Acts as simple as buying a cup f cffee fr smene can bst a persn’s md, fr example. Everyday life affrds many pprtunities fr such actins, yet peple d nt always take advantage f them.
In studies published nline in the Jurnal f Experimental Psychlgy, a behaviral scientist and I examined a pssible explanatin: peple wh perfrm randm acts f kindness underestimate hw much recipients value their behavir.
In ne experiment, participants at an ice-skating rink in a public park gave away ht chclate n a cld winter’s day. Althugh the peple giving ut the ht chclate saw the act as relatively insignificant, it really mattered t the recipients. Our research als revealed ne reasn that peple may underestimate their actin’s impact. When we asked ne set f participants t estimate hw much smene wuld like getting a cupcake simply, fr participating in a study, fr example, their predictins were well calibrated (校準(zhǔn)) with recipients’ reactins. But when peple received cupcakes thrugh a randm act f kindness, the cupcake givers underestimated hw psitive their recipients wuld feel. Recipients f these unexpected actins tend t fcus mre n warmth than perfrmers d.
Missing the imprtance f warmth may stand in the way f being kinder in daily life. Peple knw that cupcakes given in kindness can make them feel surprisingly gd. If peple undervalue this effect, they might nt bther t carry ut these warm, prscial behavirs (親社會行為).
And kindness can be cntagius (傳染的). In anther experiment, we had peple play an ecnmic game that allwed us t examine what are smetimes called “pay it frward” effects. In this game, participants allcated mney between themselves and a persn whm they wuld never meet. Peple wh had just been n the receiving end f a kind act gave substantially mre t an annymus (無名的) persn than thse wh had nt. The persn wh perfrmed the initial act did nt recgnize that their genersity wuld spill ver in these dwnstream interactins.
These findings suggest that what might seem small when we are deciding whether r nt t d smething nice fr smene else culd matter a great deal t the persn we d it fr. Given that these warm gestures can enhance ur wn md and brighten the day f anther persn, why nt chse kindness when we can?
11．Why d peple ften fail t shw kindness t thers?
A．They dn’t knw hw t demnstrate their happiness clearly.
B．They can’t effectively take pprtunities t be kind daily.
C．They undervalue the psitive impact their kindness made.
D．They have n idea hw t perfrm randm acts f kindness.
12．Thse wh gave away ht chclate at an ice-skating rink wuld ________.
A．feel mre mtivated with the recipients’ reactins
B．inspire strangers t fllw their examples
C．expect mre appreciatin frm recipients
D．think nthing f the randm act f kindness
13．What can we learn abut the cupcake receivers frm the third paragraph?
A．They verestimated the psitive impact f the randm kindness.
B．They attached mre significance t unexpected acts f kindness.
C．They respnded differently t the predictins after the experiment.
D．They lnged fr mre pprtunities t participate in similar studies.
14．What’s the main idea f paragraph 5?
A．Peple smetimes suffer frm “pay it frward” effect.
B．A kind act can earn peple mre ecnmic benefits.
C．Genersity smetimes can be recgnized initially.
D．Kindness can inspire peple t fllw ne anther.
15．What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A．Kindness can have unexpected psitive effect
B．Kindness can bring different peple tgether
C．What shuld we d t ensure happiness in life
D．Hw can peple get happiness withut effrts
（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考二模）“If yu were bred, it wasn’t because there was nthing t d. It was because yu hadn’t put enugh effrt int.” That was my Mum’s philsphy. Bredm has becme trendy.
Sme new studies shw hw bredm is gd fr creativity and innvatin, as well as mental health. It is fund that peple were mre creative fllwing the cmpletin f a bring and dull task. When peple are bred, they have an increase in “assciative thught”—the prcess f making new cnnectins between ideas, which is linked t innvative thinking. These studies are impressive, but in reality, the benefits f bredm may be related t having time t clear yur mind, be quiet r daydream.
In ur wrld, it seems unrealistic that bredm culd ccur at all. Yet, there are valid reasns bredm may feel s painful. As it turns ut, bredm might signal the fact that yu have a need that isn’t being met. Our always-n wrld f scial media may result in mre cnnectins, but they are superficial (表面的) and can get in the way f building a real sense f belnging. Feeling bred may signal the desire fr a greater sense f cmmunity and the feeling that yu fit in with thers arund yu. S take the step f jining an rganizatin t build face-t-face relatinships. Yu’ll find depth that yu wn’t get frm yur screen n matter hw many likes yu get n yur pst.
Bred peple ften reprt that they feel a limited sense f meaning. If yu want t reduce bredm and increase yur sense f meaning, seek wrk where yu can make a unique cntributin, r find a cause yu can supprt with yur time and talent. If yur definitin f bredm is being quiet, mindful, and reflective, keep it up. But if yu’re struggling with real bredm and the emptiness it prvkes, cnsider whether yu might seek new cnnectins and mre significant challenges. These are the things that will genuinely ease bredm and make yu mre effective in the prcess.
16．What was the pinin f the authr’s mm twards bredm?
A．She thught it a philsphical questin.
B．She cnsidered her life was bring.
C．She believed it indicates having t much energy.
D．She thught less effrt led t bredm.
17．What have studies fund abut bredm?
A．It bsts innvative thinking.
B．It is a result f ding bring tasks.
C．It helps peple cnnect with thers.
D．It des harm t ne’s mental health.
18．What d we learn abut scial media frm the passage?
A．It may be a barrier t expanding ne’s cnnectins.
B．It may get in the way f enhancing ne’s scial status.
C．It may prevent peple frm develping a genuine sense f cmmunity.
D．It may make peple feel that they ught t fit in with the utside wrld.
19．What des the authr suggest peple d t get rid f bredm?
A．Cunt the likes they get n their psts.
B．Reflect n hw they relate t thers.
C．Engage in real-life interactins.
D．Participate in nline discussins.
20．What is the main idea f the last paragraph?
A．The imprtance f ding smething riginal.
B．Strategies n dealing with bredm.
C．Ways t increase the meaning f life.
D．The distinctin between tw types f bredm.
（2023·天津河北·統(tǒng)考一模）The giant panda is mre than just a cute cnservatin animal and a belved media darling. It is als, accrding t new research, the prtectr f dzens f ther unique Chinese species. The panda itself desn’t actually defend ther wildlife, but it helps t save it all the same by serving as what’s knwn as an “umbrella species”. In ther wrds, effrts t preserve habitats fr the giant panda als prtect many ther mammals, birds and amphibians (兩棲動物) that live nly alngside pandas, in the same areas and regins.
Cnservatinists have expressed this umbrella species thery fr years but a paper published recently in Bilgical Cnservatin prves it. The research fund that mst f the frest animals in China live within the panda’s gegraphic range and the nature reserves set aside t prtect them. In brief, mst f this range verlaps (與……重疊) with imprtant cnservatin areas fr ther lcal frest species.
Pandas d prtect a lt althugh a few species fall utside the umbrella. The research fund abut ne hundred kinds f animals are nt prtected by the giant panda’s current reservatin. The paper identified 10 lcatins that might be suitable fr new r imprved nature reserves t help expand that cverage. Many f these areas, lcated in Sichuan Prvince, which is cnsidered the strnghld (大本營) f giant pandas in the wild, are clse t existing reserves.
Prtecting the newly identified lcatins, hwever, wn’t save all f China’s unique wildlife. “Pandas are a gd umbrella species fr frest ecsystems in China but that’s nt enugh,” says c-authr Binbin Li. “In China we have many ecsystems. We need mre umbrella species.” Fr example, she says tigers culd serve the same rle in the nrthern part f the cuntry and snw lepards culd be an umbrella fr grassland species.
“The new findings are imprtant,” Pimm (the ther authr) and Li say, “because many peple dubt whether China’s cmmitment t preserving giant panda habitats is ding much gd.” Other peple arund the wrld dn’t even realize that wild pandas still live in their native frests. “A lt f the resurces in China g t releasing captive (被關(guān)住的) pandas back int the wild,” Li says. “The news desn’t cver that.” She says this paper helps display wild pandas and als shws that the expense in preserving them is mney well spent.
The researchers hpe their paper helps t set the tne fr future discussins nt nly abut umbrella species but als giant pandas themselves, alng with all China’s wildlife.
21．Giant pandas are called an umbrella species because ________.
A．they never fight fr prtected species
B．they help take care f ther baby animals
C．their precius value requires better prtectin
D．the prtectin fr them als extends t ther species
22．What can we learn frm the research?
A．The number f nature reserves may be reduced.
B．The cverage f nature reserves may be expanded.
C．The giant panda lives in imprtant lcal cnservatin areas.
D．Many nature reserves in China are lcated in Sichuan Prvince.
23．What shuld peple d t prtect ecsystems accrding t Binbin Li?
A．Create mre kinds f strng species.B．Find mre kinds f umbrella species.
C．Fcus slely n pandas’ cnservatin.D．Search fr much bigger nature reservatins.
24．Pimm and Li think the new findings are helpful in ________.
A．shwing hw well pandas are livingB．blaming the media fr their ignrance
C．prving China’s effrts t prtect pandasD．a(chǎn)ppealing t rganizatins t dnate mney
25．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．The umbrella species have a great influence n the ecsystem.
B．Researchers have dne a lt t prtect China’s lcal species.
C．Giant panda cnservatin als prtects ther unique species.
D．Cnservatinists expressed a new umbrella species thery.
（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考一模）Charity is simple in thery: A heart warms, a hand reaches ut. In practice, thugh, charity can becme a trubled mix f mtives and cnsequences. Giving can be driven by guilt, duty, praise, r perhaps the hpe that giving will smehw make up fr past cruelty r ignrance. T little charity is far less than valuable. T much can cause ver-reliance, which makes the receiver cntinuusly ask fr mre.
Giving frm the heart is gd. But critics have lng wrried abut misdirected charity that des mre harm than gd. In his 2012 bk, Harmful Charity: Hw Churches and Charities Hurt Thse They Help (And Hw t Slve the Prblem), Rbert Luptn, an experienced scial wrker f 40 years f cmmunity wrk in inner-city Atlanta, argues that charity must nt d fr the pr what they can d fr themselves.
Due t emergencies such as natural disasters, the afterward financial aid is greatly welcme. Mr. Luptn advcates it shuld fcus n the develpment f self-supprting. The task can be carried ut via, fr instance, ffering micr-lans, hiring lcal builders and suppliers, and trying t fund self-supprted, lcally wned and perated factries. What seldm wrks, he argues, are untargeted handuts frm far-ff prviders and the sudden arrival f inexperienced vlunteer-turists hping t earn persnal reputatin by digging wells r mending rfs that lcals are perfectly able t take care f themselves.
Getting charity right isn’t easy. But frm mney raising t the rising in vlunteering amng Millennials(千禧一代), frm the increasing wrldwide willingness t give t the effrts by charity rganizatins t becme mre effective and fruitful, there is strng evidence that human beings’ ability f taking care f thers is grwing alng with their ability t help withut harming.
Charity can be as simple as hlding the dr fr a stranger and as cmplex as a glbal campaign t get rid f malaria(瘧疾). Charity wrks best when it returns the weak t strength, and helps a small twn shaken by an earthquake get back n its feet. A successful charity is ne that eventually is n lnger needed.
26．What can we knw abut charity in paragraph 1?
A．Charity is simple in bth thery and practice.
B．Sme charity prviders are cruel r ignrant.
C．There is much less charity than needed.
D．Charity may result in dependence.
27．Why have critics wrried abut misdirected charity?
A．It may have a bad impact n receivers.B．It may cause hurt t scial wrkers.
C．It can be driven by guilt and duty.D．It may help less t the pr.
28．What can be a prper way t give charity in time f natural disasters?
A．Hiring lcal wrkers.B．Funding advanced factries.
C．Building huses fr victims.D．Giving untargeted handuts.
29．What can we learn frm paragraph 4?
A．It’s easy t give charity withut harming.
B．Millennials enjy earning persnal reputatin.
C．There appears ability prmtin in giving charity.
D．Charity rganizatins are spreading all ver the wrld.
30．What is the writing purpse f the text?
A．T appeal fr mre charity.
B．T advcate getting charity right.
C．T intrduce the prcess f perfrming charity.
D．T criticize unjust mtives and results fr charity.
（2023·天津南開·統(tǒng)考一模）Yu can make a difference t the life f thers by signing up fr a vlunteer vacatin.
“After 30 prgrams in Pland, I’ve received mre than I’ve given. All benefit frm this partnership — the future leaders f this great natin, and vlunteers wh fall in lve with the beautiful peple and culture.”
– Lri Wedeking, a vlunteer in Pland
Vlunteer Opprtunities Prtugal:
Teach natives cnversatinal skills with varying English abilities in classrms, ffices, and cmmunity centers. Help chse assignments in public elementary and secndary schls, r with yung adults in technical r trade schls.
Peru:
Vlunteers with a medical backgrund can chse t spend their time wrking at medical centers. Others can spend their time practicing cnversatinal English with lcal students and teachers.
Tanzania:
Supprt a cmmunity quest fr develpment thrugh fd and nutritin, health and educatin prjects. Wrk in the greenhuse nurturing seedlings fr seasnal plantings.
Nepal:
Teach cnversatinal English and business management, help repair living and learning spaces, prvide supprt and training fr marginalized wmen, and nurture impverished children.
Cuba:
Build bridges f friendship thrugh cnversatinal English classes. Wrk alngside lcal wmen sewing and knitting baby clthes, aprns, crafts, etc, which are sld t benefit the wmen’s cperative interests.
Glbal Vlunteers’ Histry
Established in 1984 by Bud Philbrk and Michele Gran, Glbal Vlunteers is an internatinal nnprfit rganizatin assisting wrldwide cmmunity develpment prgrams by mbilizing shrt-term vlunteers n lcal wrk prgrams, as well as prviding prject funding and child spnsrships. Since 1984, Glbal Vlunteers has helped partner cmmunities deliver mst f these services t lcal peple wrldwide, and been trusted by mre than 34,000 vlunteers. As Seija Webb, an eight-time glbal vlunteer says, “Vlunteering abrad hlds magic n s many frnts. It’s the springbard fr my glbal explratins. I can’t imagine ne withut the ther anymre.”
31．Which is right abut Lri Wedeking?
A．Lri is the rganizer f 30 prgrams.
B．Lri had a psitive experience in Pland.
C．Lri wants t be the future leader f Pland.
D．Lri received a lt f presents frm vlunteers.
32．What prject is needed in Tanzania?
A．Wrking at medical centers.
B．Teaching business management.
C．Develping fd and nutritin.
D．Sewing and knitting baby clthes.
33．Which cuntry needs the prject f repairing living spaces?
A．Peru.B．Tanzania.C．Nepal.D．Cuba.
34．What d we knw abut Glbal Vlunteers’ Histry?
A．34,000 vlunteer get invlved in its prjects every year.
B．Teaching magic shws is ne f its varius prgrams.
C．It sends shrt-term and lng-term vlunteers t help lcal residents.
D．Seija Webb is a regular vlunteer and enjys vlunteering abrad.
35．Wh is the text mst prbably aimed at?
A．Glbal explrers.B．Keen travelers.
C．Future leaders.D．Ptential vlunteers.
（2023·天津河北·統(tǒng)考二模）Sme libraries use unique architecture t encurage visitrs t settle dwn with a new bk, r use mbile libraries t bring bks t hard-t-reach ppulatins. N matter hw they achieve it, these nvel libraries are keeping the magic f reading alive.
Beach Library (Albena, Bulgaria)
Reading a bk n the beach is a classic, and in Bulgaria, ne library encurages turists t d just that. The white, weather-resistant shelves, lined up nt far frm the surf, hld 6,000 bks in 15 languages s every visitr can find the perfect beach read t enjy while saking up the sun’s rays.
The Camel Library Service (Nrth Eastern Prvince, Kenya)
T cmbat (防止，減輕) lw literacy rates in the desert f Kenya, the gvernment created a mbile library cmpsed f nine camels bringing bks t villages. The library travels fur days a week serving the regin’s peple. Currently the service fcuses n children, but with mre funding they plan t increase their reach bth in distance and the titles they carry.
Bishan Library (Singapre)
Built in 2006, this library is meant t invke (在腦海中喚起) a mdern glass treehuse. Glass pds (吊艙) f varying clrs stick ut f the building randmly t create cmfrtable yet airy crners fr reading thrughut the building. At the same time, a mre pen-plan children’s rm n the basement level invites interactin while preventing nise frm ging up and disturbing thse cncentrating in the high places abve.
Seikei University Library (Tky, Japan)
Libraries are usually knwn fr their quiet atmsphere, but this ne encurages cnversatin. Pritzker Prize-winner Shigeru Ban designed the library with space-age, free standing sundprfed pds t respect thse wh need uninterrupted study, while als being cnducive (有助于) t ther methds f learning.
Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)
A surprising cmbinatin f the cutting edge and sustainability, this building was made frm recycled materials, features a green rf, and was designed t imitate the lk f a eucalyptus tree (桉樹). It is als state f the art, using rbt cranes t bring requested bks t the frnt desk.
36．In the Beach Library, visitrs can________.
A．enjy surfing and buy suvenirs
B．find a wide variety f beach reads
C．lie in the treehuse and read cmfrtably
D．read in a free-standing sundprfed pd
37．What can we knw abut the Camel Library Service?
A．It sells bks t peple in the desert.
B．It increases literacy rates in the desert f Kenya.
C．It prvides transprtatin fr peple in the desert.
D．It fcuses n increasing access t bks fr adults.
38．What is special abut Bishan Library?
A．It is a library withut any nise.
B．Its children’s reading area is at the tp.
C．It has a separate reading area fr children.
D．It gives visitrs a feeling f being in nature.
39．Which library is a perfect spt fr study grups and lively discussins?
A．Beach Library.
B．Bishan Library.
C．Seikei University Library.
D．Macquarie University Library.
40．What d Bishan Library and Macquarie University Library have in cmmn?
A．They are bth made f glass.
B．Their designs are bth related t trees.
C．They are bth envirnmentally friendly.
D．They bth use high technlgy t serve readers.
（2023·天津·天津市新華中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）Sme hearing lss is a cmmn — and nearly unavidable — effect f aging. A third f peple aged 60 and lder have lst sme f their ability t hear.
But sme research suggests a habit that might help ffset the effect f aging n hearing. A study fund that amng middle-aged adults, being a lifelng musician was cnnected with better hearing later in life.
“The instrument yu play des nt seem t be imprtant here,” says Nina Kraus, a bilgist. “It is really the act f engagement playing the instrument that matters.”
Participants in the study were between ages 45 and 65. Researchers tested 18 musicians wh had been playing an instrument since age nine r yunger, and 19 nn-musicians wh had less than three years f music training.
The musicians had statistically better auditry memry scres and tested better at hearing speech in nisy envirnments. They als shwed better auditry prcessing abilities, which relate t hw peple interpret speech sunds.
Hwever, the tw grups tied when researchers tested visual wrking memry skills. “It isn’t as thugh musical training has a vlume knb effect that makes all kinds f sensry prcessing enhanced in the same manner,” Kraus says. “It fcuses n auditry skill.”
The latest findings fllw earlier research frm Kraus that shwed musician in a yunger age grup had better hearing skills. At the same time, sme research has shwn that musicians wh play in large ensembles (合奏) may face an ccupatinal risk when it cmes t their hearing.
Des this effect apply t the guy wh plays in a cmmunity band ne night a week? Kraus says n. T be included in the study, musicians were required t have engaged in musical activities-practicing, teaching r perfrming-at least three times a week.
“What we d with ur time and hw we engage ur senses and ur thinking seems t really shape the peple we becme in very basic ways — in ways that affect hw ur series wrk,” she says.
And, Kraus says, a persn desn’t need t be an Itzhak Perlman r a Y-Y Ma t experience the effects. Talent, she says, isn’t a factr.
Kraus says that mre research needs t be dne t see whether receiving music instructin later in life might have the same benefits.
41．Yur hearing will be imprved by ________.
A．what kind f instrument yu play
B．what srt f music yu play
C．whether yu invlve yurself with playing the instrument
D．hw lng yu have learned music playing
42．A musician is nt better than thers in ________.
A．getting better auditry memry scred
B．hearing speech in nisy envirnments
C．interpreting speech sunds
D．prcessing visual wrk memry
43．The under lined phrase “an ccupatinal risk” may refer t ________.
A．the danger f hearing lss
B．the pssibility f lsing a jb
C．the truble f playing music
D．the harm f hearing skills
44．It can be inferred Perlman and Y-Y Ma are the names f ________.
A．instrumentsB．musiciansC．sngsD．music
45．The main idea f the text is abut ________.
A．enjying music will d gd t yur health
B．learning music may prmte yur hearing skills
C．playing an instrument may help preserve hearing
D．listening t music can prevent yu frm aging
（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考二模）As peple travelling by air becme increasingly aware f their carbn ftprint, flying has becme nt nly ne f the mst plluting industries, but als ne with the mst ptential t turn things arund.
After Slar Impulse 2 cmpleted the wrld’s first flight by a slar-pwered aircraft in 2016, airlines and aircraft prducers lked t becme the first t prvide a cmmercial plane. Bertrand Piccard, ne f the pilts respnsible fr Slar Impulse 2’s jurney said, “Al1 the clean technlgies we’ve already had can be used everywhere. We have t use them, nt nly fr the envirnment, but als because they are prfitable and able t create jbs.”
The fllwing year saw many prjects in the aviatin (航空) field as the airline industry acknwledged the future f lw- carbn transprtatin methds. In 2017, Zunum Aer, a small aviatin cmpany which fcused n delivering a range f hybrid-electric (混合電動的) planes received financial aid frm JetBlue and Being, whilst EasyJet teamed up with Wright Electric t develp battery-pwered aircraft and NASA als annunced its plans t develp its wn electric aircraft.
Orkney Islands, lying abut 20 miles nrth f the Scttish mainland, are rich in renewable resurces, especially the wind energy. Lganair, a Scttish airline, is cperating with aviatin cmpanies t make Orkney the wrld’s first fully electric airline rutes. Hwever, this is never easy. Due t the limited size and weight f a battery that an airplane can carry, airplane prducers are faced with a bttleneck—the cntinued pwer supply fr electric airplanes. They believe the abundant wind energy in Orkney culd be the key t slving it.
The benefits f electric air travel transcend its lw-carbn emissins. Aviatin experts believe these aircraft’s pwer surce will als mean they will be less nisy, smaller, require less maintenance csts, and need a shrter runway t take ff and land—this culd lead t mre airprts in small cities and mre rural areas being cnnected t the wrld at large.
46．What did Bertrand want t cnvey in his wrds?
A．The future f aircraft pilts.
B．The success f Slar Impulse 2.
C．The cnvenience f cmmercial planes.
D．The significance f using renewable energy.
47．Hw did EasyJet carry ut the lw-carbn transprtatin methds?
A．By asking fr financial supprt frm banks.
B．By wrking tgether with anther cmpany.
C．By purchasing patents frm ther cuntries.
D．By imprving the technlgy n its wn.
48．What will airplane prducers prbably d t make Orkney’s electric airline rutes a reality?
A．Use natural resurces t charge airplanes.
B．Build mre cal-fired pwer statins.
C．Develp shrter airline rutes.
D．Increase the size f battery.
49．What des the underlined wrd “transcend” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．G beynd.B．Rely n.C．Differ frm.D．Refer t.
50．What’s the benefit f electric planes besides its green ftprint?
A．Making plane tickets cheaper.
B．Making the flying time shrter.
C．Making the wrld mre cnnected.
D．Making the plane maintenance easier.
參考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料在日常生活中有很多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是在回收再利用時會產(chǎn)生污染，最近研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一種蠕蟲能幫助解決聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料回收再利用時造成的環(huán)境污染問題。
1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“With the abve gd features, Styrfam still enjys a bad reputatin. It cannt be recycled withut releasing dangerus pllutin int the air.(盡管有上述優(yōu)點(diǎn)，聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料仍然享有壞名聲。如果不向空氣中釋放危險的污染，就無法回收。)”可知，如果不向空氣中釋放危險的污染，就無法回收，由此可知，這種塑料在回收時向空氣中釋放有害的物質(zhì)。故選C項。
2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Scientists frm the U. S. and China have discvered that mealwrms can digest plastic. One mealwrm can digest a pill-sized amunt f plastic a day.(來自美國和中國的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，粉蟲可以消化塑料。一只粉蟲一天可以消化藥丸大小的塑料。)”可知，中美研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，粉蟲能消化塑料，而且一只粉蟲能一天消化藥丸大小的塑料，由此可推斷，粉蟲有著驚人的消化能力。故選A項。
3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The researchers will study the wrm’s eating habits and digesting system, lking t cpy the plastic breakdwn but n a larger scale.(研究人員將研究這種蠕蟲的飲食習(xí)慣和消化系統(tǒng)，希望在更大的范圍內(nèi)復(fù)制塑料分解。)”可知，研究者研究蠕蟲的飲食習(xí)慣和消化系統(tǒng)，指望著能更大范圍地復(fù)制這種分解，由此可知，研究者研究蠕蟲的飲食習(xí)慣和消化系統(tǒng)是為了模仿蠕蟲分解塑料的方式。故選B項。
4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“With the abve gd features, Styrfam still enjys a bad reputatin. It cannt be recycled withut releasing dangerus pllutin int the air.(盡管有上述優(yōu)點(diǎn)，聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料仍然享有壞名聲。如果不向空氣中釋放危險的污染，就無法回收。)”可知，聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料有很多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是卻在回收利用它時享有一個壞的名聲，并結(jié)合倒數(shù)第三段中的“Once the way can be put int practice, it will make a revlutinary difference t the dispsal f plastic.(一旦這種方法被付諸實(shí)踐，它將對塑料的處理產(chǎn)生革命性的影響。)”可知，一旦這種（蠕蟲）分解塑料的方式被投入使用，會對塑料處理產(chǎn)生很大的影響，由此可推斷，在未來，塑料可以在沒有釋放有害物質(zhì)的情況下被回收利用了。故選D項。
5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“With the abve gd features, Styrfam still enjys a bad reputatin. It cannt be recycled withut releasing dangerus pllutin int the air. The U. S. Envirnmental Prtectin Agency says it is the fifth-largest creatr f harmful waste.(盡管有上述優(yōu)點(diǎn)，聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料仍然享有壞名聲。如果不向空氣中釋放危險的污染，就無法回收。美國環(huán)境保護(hù)署表示，它是有害廢物的第五大制造者。)”可知，聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料盡管有很多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是在對其回收再利用時會產(chǎn)生污染，根據(jù)第二段中的“But nw the cmmn wrms which are usually disgusting can cme t the rescue, specifically, mealwrms.(但現(xiàn)在，那些通常令人作嘔的普通蠕蟲可以來拯救我們了，特別是粉蟲。)”可知，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)一種粉蟲卻能解決這一問題，結(jié)合下文中經(jīng)過對粉蟲的飲食習(xí)慣和消化系統(tǒng)的研究分析，希望能大范圍地復(fù)制這種粉蟲分解塑料的方式以便最終解決塑料回收時對環(huán)境造成的污染，由此可知，本文主要講述的是塑料的回收利用不再是問題。故選C項。
6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了導(dǎo)致電子垃圾的激增的原因和回收電子垃圾的方式，作者呼吁：每個人都應(yīng)該為電子垃圾的處理貢獻(xiàn)一份力。
6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Meanwhile, the lifespan f devices is getting shrter-many prducts will be thrwn away nce their batteries die, t be replaced by new devices. Cmpanies intentinally plan the bslescence (過時) f their gds by updating the design r sftware and discntinuing supprt fr lder mdels, s that nw it is usually cheaper and easier t buy a new prduct than t repair an ld ne.(與此同時，設(shè)備的壽命也越來越短——許多產(chǎn)品一旦電池耗盡就會被扔掉，被新的設(shè)備取代。公司通過更新設(shè)計或軟件，停止對舊機(jī)型的支持，有意識地規(guī)劃商品的淘汰，這樣現(xiàn)在購買新產(chǎn)品通常比修理舊產(chǎn)品更便宜、更容易)”可知，電子垃圾激增是由設(shè)備更新導(dǎo)致的。故選B。
7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“As mre peple buy electrnic equipment，manufacturers are beginning t face shrtages f the raw materials needed t make their prducts, s recycling and reusing materials frm discarded prducts and waste makes ecnmic and envirnmental sense.(隨著越來越多的人購買電子設(shè)備，制造商開始面臨生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品所需的原材料短缺，因此從廢棄產(chǎn)品和廢物中回收和再利用材料具有經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境意義)”可知，為減輕生產(chǎn)原材料短缺的壓力，回收和再利用變得有意義。故選C。
8．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Cmpanies must bey health and safety rules t reduce the health and envirnmental hazards f handling e-waste by using pllutin-cntrl technlgies.(公司必須遵守健康和安全規(guī)則，通過使用污染控制技術(shù)來減少處理電子垃圾對健康和環(huán)境的hazards)”可知，公司通過污染控制技術(shù)以減少電子垃圾帶來的危害，即劃線詞意為“危害”，與harm同義。故選B。
9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Usually they d nt wear prtective equipment and lack any awareness that they are handling dangerus materials.(通常他們不穿防護(hù)裝備，也不知道自己在處理危險材料)”可知，非正式回收的人員一般不知道處理電子垃圾的危害。故選D。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“In rder t reduce e-waste, manufacturers need t design electrnics that are safer, and mre durable, repairable and recyclable. The best thing yu can d is resist buying a new device until yu really need it.(為了減少電子垃圾，制造商需要設(shè)計出更安全、更耐用、更可修復(fù)、更可回收的電子產(chǎn)品。你能做的最好的事情就是在你真的需要的時候再買一個新設(shè)備)”可推斷，作者在最后一段說明了不管是制造商還是使用者都需要對電子垃圾的處理作出行動。故選A。
11．C 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，做善事可以給自己和他人帶來意想不到的積極的影響。
11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Missing the imprtance f warmth may stand in the way f being kinder in daily life. Peple knw that cupcakes given in kindness can make them feel surprisingly gd. If peple undervalue this effect, they might nt bther t carry ut these warm, prscial behavirs (親社會行為).(忽視溫暖的重要性可能會阻礙你在日常生活中變得更友善。人們知道，善意的紙杯蛋糕會讓他們感覺非常好。如果人們低估了這種影響，他們可能就不會費(fèi)心去做這些溫暖的、親社會的行為)”可知，正是因?yàn)槿藗儗ι埔鈳Ыo他人的積極影響的低估，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致人們不會去做這些溫暖的、親社會的行為。故選C。
12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Althugh the peple giving ut the ht chclate saw the act as relatively insignificant, it really mattered t the recipients.(盡管分發(fā)熱巧克力的人認(rèn)為這一行為相對微不足道，但對接受者來說確實(shí)很重要)”可知，分發(fā)熱巧克力的人認(rèn)為這一行為相對微不足道。故選D。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“But when peple received cupcakes thrugh a randm act f kindness, the cupcake givers underestimated hw psitive their recipients wuld feel. Recipients f these unexpected actins tend t fcus mre n warmth than perfrmers d.(但是，當(dāng)人們通過隨機(jī)的善意行為收到紙杯蛋糕時，紙杯蛋糕贈送者低估了接受者的積極感受。這些意外行為的接受者往往比 執(zhí)行者更關(guān)注溫暖)”可知，接受者更加關(guān)注這種意外行為帶給他們的溫暖。故選B。
14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段首句“And kindness can be cntagius(善良是會傳染的)”及下文“In anther experiment, we had peple play an ecnmic game that allwed us t examine what are smetimes called “pay it frward” effects. In this game, participants allcated mney between themselves and a persn whm they wuld never meet. Peple wh had just been n the receiving end f a kind act gave substantially mre t an annymus (無名的) persn than thse wh had nt. The persn wh perfrmed the initial act did nt recgnize that their genersity wuld spill ver in these dwnstream interactins.(在另一個實(shí)驗(yàn)中，我們讓人們玩一個經(jīng)濟(jì)游戲，讓我們檢查有時被稱為“傳遞”的效應(yīng)。在這個游戲中，參與者在他們自己和一個他們永遠(yuǎn)不會見的人之間分配錢。那些剛剛接受了善舉的人給匿名者的錢比沒有接受善舉的人多得多。做出最初行為的人沒有意識到他們的慷慨會在這些下游的互動中溢出)”可知，第一句為本段的主題句，因而本段主要講述善良可以激勵人們相互效仿。故選D。
15．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段“In studies published nline in the Jurnal f Experimental Psychlgy, a behaviral scientist and I examined a pssible explanatin: peple wh perfrm randm acts f kindness underestimate hw much recipients value their behavir.(在《實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)雜志》在線發(fā)表的研究中，一位行為科學(xué)家和我研究了一種可能的解釋：那些隨機(jī)做出善舉的人低估了接受者對他們行為的重視程度)”及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述一項研究成果：隨意的善舉會帶來意想不到的積極的影響。由此可知，Kindness can have unexpected psitive effect適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。
16．D 17．A 18．C 19．C 20．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了我們?yōu)槭裁磿杏X到無聊，以及如何處理無聊。
16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段““If yu were bred, it wasn’t because there was nthing t d. It was because yu hadn’t put enugh effrt int.” That was my Mum’s philsphy.(‘如果你覺得無聊的話，那并不是因?yàn)槟銢]有事情做，而且因?yàn)槟銢]有投入足夠多的精力’，這就是我媽媽的哲學(xué)。)”可知，在媽媽看來，感覺到無聊是因?yàn)樽鍪虑闆]有投入足夠多的精力，故選D。
17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Sme new studies shw hw bredm is gd fr creativity and innvatin, as well as mental health. It is fund that peple were mre creative fllwing the cmpletin f a bring and dull task.(一些新的研究表明，無聊對創(chuàng)造力和創(chuàng)新有好處，同時也對身體健康有好處。據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們在完成了一個無聊枯燥的任務(wù)后，會變得更加有創(chuàng)造力。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，無聊能刺激創(chuàng)新思維的發(fā)展，故選A。
18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Our always-n wrld f scial media may result in mre cnnectins, but they are superficial (表面的) and can get in the way f building a real sense f belnging. Feeling bred may signal the desire fr a greater sense f cmmunity and the feeling that yu fit in with thers arund yu.(我們的社交媒體世界可能會帶來更多的聯(lián)系，但那都是表面的，并且會妨礙建立真正的歸屬感。)”可知，社交媒體只是表面上的看似帶來了更多的聯(lián)系，但卻阻礙了人們獲得真正的歸屬感，故選C。
19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“S take the step f jining an rganizatin t build face-t-face relatinships. Yu’ll find depth that yu wn’t get frm yur screen n matter hw many likes yu get n yur pst.(因此，加入一個社區(qū)組織，建立面對面的關(guān)系。這樣你就能找到你在屏幕上無法獲得的深度，即使你在帖子上會獲得很多贊。)”可知，作者建議人們積極參加真實(shí)的面對面的交流，故選C。
20．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的最后一句總結(jié)“These are the things that will genuinely ease bredm and make yu mre effective in the prcess.(這些都是能幫助你真正減輕無聊，并讓你在這個過程中更有效率的方法。)”可知，文章最后一段主要介紹的是如何處理無聊的方法，故選B。
21．D 22．B 23．B 24．C 25．C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過大熊貓講述了傘形物種理論，即保護(hù)大熊貓棲息地的努力也保護(hù)了許多與大熊貓生活在同一地區(qū)的其他哺乳動物、鳥類和兩棲動物。
21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“In ther wrds, effrts t preserve habitats fr the giant panda als prtect many ther mammals, birds and amphibians (兩棲動物) that live nly alngside pandas, in the same areas and regins.(換言之，保護(hù)大熊貓棲息地的努力也保護(hù)了許多其他哺乳動物、鳥類和兩棲動物，這些動物只與大熊貓生活在同一地區(qū))”可知，大熊貓被稱為保護(hù)傘物種，是因?yàn)閷λ鼈兊谋Ｗo(hù)也延伸到了對其他物種的保護(hù)。故選D項。
22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“The paper identified 10 lcatins that might be suitable fr new r imprved nature reserves t help expand that cverage. (該論文確定了10個可能適合新建或改善自然保護(hù)區(qū)的地點(diǎn)，以幫助擴(kuò)大覆蓋范圍)”可知，自然保護(hù)區(qū)的覆蓋范圍可能會擴(kuò)大。故選B項。
23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的““In China we have many ecsystems. We need mre umbrella species.” Fr example, she says tigers culd serve the same rle in the nrthern part f the cuntry and snw lepards culd be an umbrella fr grassland species.(“在中國，我們有很多生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。我們需要更多的保護(hù)傘。”例如，她說老虎可以在中國北部發(fā)揮同樣的作用，雪豹可以成為草原物種的一個保護(hù)傘)”可知，Binbin Li認(rèn)為，人們應(yīng)該尋找更多種類的傘形物種來保護(hù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選B項。
24．推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的““The new findings are imprtant,” Pimm (the ther authr) and Li say, “because many peple dubt whether China’s cmmitment t preserving giant panda habitats is ding much gd.”(Pimm（另一位作者）和Li說：“新發(fā)現(xiàn)很重要，因?yàn)樵S多人懷疑中國保護(hù)大熊貓棲息地的承諾是否做得好?！?”和“She says this paper helps display wild pandas and als shws that the expense in preserving them is mney well spent. (她說，這篇論文有助于展示野生大熊貓，也表明保護(hù)它們的費(fèi)用花得很好)”可知，Pimm和Li認(rèn)為新發(fā)現(xiàn)對證明中國為保護(hù)大熊貓所做的努力有幫助。故選C項。
25．主旨大意題。由第一段中的“It is als, accrding t new research, the prtectr f dzens f ther unique Chinese species. (根據(jù)新的研究，大熊貓也是數(shù)十種其他獨(dú)特的中國物種的保護(hù)者)”和最后一段“The researchers hpe their paper helps t set the tne fr future discussins nt nly abut umbrella species but als giant pandas themselves, alng with all China’s wildlife. (研究人員希望他們的論文有助于為未來的討論定下基調(diào)，不僅是關(guān)于保護(hù)傘物種，還有大熊貓本身，以及所有中國野生動物)”可知，文章通過大熊貓講述了傘形物種理論，即保護(hù)大熊貓棲息地的努力也保護(hù)了許多與大熊貓生活在同一地區(qū)的其他哺乳動物、鳥類和兩棲動物，C項“保護(hù)大熊貓還能保護(hù)其他獨(dú)特物種”符合文意。故選C項。
26．D 27．A 28．A 29．C 30．B
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章提倡并介紹怎樣實(shí)施正確的慈善事業(yè)。
26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“T little charity is far less than valuable. T much can cause ver-reliance, which makes the receiver cntinuusly ask fr mre. (太少的慈善是沒有價值的。太多會導(dǎo)致過度依賴，這會讓接收者不斷地要求更多。)”可知，慈善可能導(dǎo)致依賴。故選D項。
27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“But critics have lng wrried abut misdirected charity that des mre harm than gd. In his 2012 bk, Harmful Charity: Hw Churches and Charities Hurt Thse They Help (And Hw t Slve the Prblem), Rbert Luptn, an experienced scial wrker f 40 years f cmmunity wrk in inner-city Atlanta, argues that charity must nt d fr the pr what they can d fr themselves. (但批評人士一直擔(dān)心慈善活動的誤導(dǎo)會弊大于利。在他2012年出版的《有害的慈善：教會和慈善機(jī)構(gòu)如何傷害他們所幫助的人(以及如何解決問題)》一書中，在亞特蘭大內(nèi)城工作了40年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的社會工作者Rbert Luptn認(rèn)為，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)不能為窮人做他們自己可以做的事情。)”可知，批評家們擔(dān)心慈善被誤導(dǎo)是因?yàn)榭赡軙邮苷弋a(chǎn)生不好的影響。故選A項。
28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Mr. Luptn advcates it shuld fcus n the develpment f self-supprting. The task can be carried ut via, fr instance, ffering micr-lans, hiring lcal builders and suppliers, and trying t fund self-supprted, lcally wned and perated factries. (Luptn主張，應(yīng)該把重點(diǎn)放在發(fā)展自立能力上。這項任務(wù)可以通過提供小額貸款、雇傭當(dāng)?shù)亟ㄖ毯凸?yīng)商，以及努力建立自給自足、由當(dāng)?shù)負(fù)碛泻徒?jīng)營的工廠等方式來完成。)”可知，在發(fā)生自然災(zāi)害時，雇傭當(dāng)?shù)毓と瞬攀钦_的。故選A項。
29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“But frm mney raising t the rising in vlunteering amng Millennials(千禧一代), frm the increasing wrldwide willingness t give t the effrts by charity rganizatins t becme mre effective and fruitful, there is strng evidence that human beings’ ability f taking care f thers is grwing alng with their ability t help withut harming. (但是，從資金籌集到千禧一代中志愿服務(wù)的增加，從世界范圍內(nèi)越來越多的捐贈意愿，到慈善組織努力變得更有效和富有成效，有強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)表明，人類照顧他人的能力隨著他們在不傷害他人的情況下提供幫助的能力而不斷增強(qiáng)。)”可知，在慈善中，人們出現(xiàn)能力提升。故選C項。
30．推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“Charity is simple in thery: A heart warms, a hand reaches ut. In practice, thugh, charity can becme a trubled mix f mtives and cnsequences. (慈善理論上很簡單：一顆心溫暖，一只手伸出。然而，在實(shí)踐中，慈善可能成為動機(jī)和后果的復(fù)雜混合體。)”可知，本文寫作目的是提倡正確的慈善事業(yè)。故選B項。
31．B 32．C 33．C 34．D 35．D
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了幾個國家需要的志愿者項目并介紹了全球志愿者組織的歷史。
31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Lri Wedeking說的話“After 30 prgrams in Pland, I’ve received mre than I’ve given. All benefit frm this partnership — the future leaders f this great natin, and vlunteers wh fall in lve with the beautiful peple and culture.(在波蘭參加了30個項目后，我得到的比我給予的要多。所有人都從這種伙伴關(guān)系中受益——這個偉大國家的未來領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，以及愛上美麗人民和文化的志愿者)”可知，Lri Wedeking在波蘭有一段愉快的經(jīng)歷。故選B。
32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tanzania部分中“Supprt a cmmunity quest fr develpment thrugh fd and nutritin, health and educatin prjects.(通過糧食和營養(yǎng)、健康和教育項目支持社區(qū)尋求發(fā)展)”可知，坦桑尼亞需要發(fā)展糧食和營養(yǎng)的項目。故選C。
33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nepal部分中“Teach cnversatinal English and business management, help repair living and learning spaces, prvide supprt and training fr marginalized wmen, and nurture impverished children.(教授英語會話和商業(yè)管理，幫助修復(fù)生活和學(xué)習(xí)空間，為邊緣婦女提供支持和培訓(xùn)，并教育貧困兒童)”可知，尼泊爾需要修復(fù)生活空間的項目。故選C。
34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“As Seija Webb, an eight-time glbal vlunteer says, ‘Vlunteering abrad hlds magic n s many frnts. It’s the springbard fr my glbal explratins. I can’t imagine ne withut the ther anymre.’(正如曾八次擔(dān)任全球志愿者的Seija Webb所說，‘在國外做志愿者在很多方面都有魔力。這是我全球探索的跳板。我再也無法想象一個沒有另一個了?！?”可知，Seija Webb經(jīng)常做志愿者，而且她喜歡在國外做志愿者。故選D。
35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Yu can make a difference t the life f thers by signing up fr a vlunteer vacatin.(你可以通過報名參加志愿者假期來改變他人的生活)”可知，文章介紹了幾個國家需要的志愿者項目，所以最有可能是寫給想當(dāng)志愿者的人。故選D。
36．B 37．B 38．C 39．C 40．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。去當(dāng)?shù)貓D書館看書是慶?！白x書月”的最好方式。文章介紹了世界上幾家有著獨(dú)特建筑設(shè)計的創(chuàng)意圖書館。
36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Beach Library (Albena, Bulgaria) 中“Reading a bk n the beach is a classic, and in Bulgaria, ne library encurages turists t d just that. The white, weather-resistant shelves, lined up nt far frm the surf, hld 6,000 bks in 15 languages s every visitr can find the perfect beach read t enjy while saking up the sun’s rays.(在海灘上讀書是一項經(jīng)典活動，在保加利亞，一家圖書館鼓勵游客這樣做。這些白色的耐候書架排列在離海浪不遠(yuǎn)的地方，里面有15種語言的6000本書，所以每位游客都可以在享受陽光的同時找到完美的海灘讀物)”可知，在海灘圖書館，游客可以找到各種各樣的海灘讀物。故選B。
37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Camel Library Service (Nrth Eastern Prvince, Kenya) 中“T cmbat (防止，減輕) lw literacy rates in the desert f Kenya, the gvernment created a mbile library cmpsed f nine camels bringing bks t villages. The library travels fur days a week serving the regin’s peple. Currently the service fcuses n children, but with mre funding they plan t increase their reach bth in distance and the titles they carry.(為了解決肯尼亞沙漠地區(qū)的低識字率問題，政府創(chuàng)建了一個由九頭駱駝組成的移動圖書館，將書籍帶到村莊。該圖書館每周外出四天，為該地區(qū)的人們服務(wù)。目前，這項服務(wù)主要面向兒童，但隨著資金的增加，他們計劃擴(kuò)大服務(wù)的覆蓋范圍，增加服務(wù)的內(nèi)容)”可知，關(guān)于the Camel Library Service我們了解到“它提高了肯尼亞沙漠地區(qū)的識字率。”故選B。
38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bishan Library (Singapre)中“At the same time, a mre pen-plan children’s rm n the basement level invites interactin while preventing nise frm ging up and disturbing thse cncentrating in the high places abve. (與此同時，地下室的一個更開放的兒童房邀請互動，同時防止噪音上升，干擾那些集中在高處的人)”可知，Bishan Library特殊之處是“它有一個單獨(dú)的兒童閱讀區(qū)?！惫蔬xC。
39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Seikei University Library (Tky, Japan)中“Libraries are usually knwn fr their quiet atmsphere, but this ne encurages cnversatin. Pritzker Prize-winner Shigeru Ban designed the library with space-age, free standing sundprfed pds t respect thse wh need uninterrupted study, while als being cnducive (有助于) t ther methds f learning. (圖書館通常以其安靜的氛圍而聞名，但這家圖書館鼓勵交談。普利茲克獎得主坂茂設(shè)計了太空時代的獨(dú)立隔音艙，以尊重那些需要不間斷學(xué)習(xí)的人，同時也有利于其他學(xué)習(xí)方法)”可知，“Seikei University Library”圖書館是學(xué)習(xí)小組和熱烈討論的理想場所。故選C。
40．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bishan Library (Singapre)中“Built in 2006, this library is meant t invke (在腦海中喚起) a mdern glass treehuse.(這座圖書館建于2006年，旨在喚起現(xiàn)代玻璃樹屋的靈感)”和Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)中“A surprising cmbinatin f the cutting edge and sustainability, this building was made frm recycled materials, features a green rf, and was designed t imitate the lk f a eucalyptus tree (桉樹). (這座建筑是前沿和可持續(xù)性的驚人結(jié)合，由回收材料制成，具有綠色屋頂，并模仿桉樹的外觀)”可知，Bishan Library和Macquarie University Library的共同點(diǎn)是“他們的設(shè)計都與樹木有關(guān)”。故選B。
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹研究發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著年齡的增長，經(jīng)常播放音樂有助于保護(hù)你的聽力。從小就聽音樂的人在以后的生活中聽力會更好。但每周至少練習(xí)或表演三次才能受益。
41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“But sme research suggests a habit that might help ffset the effect f aging n hearing. A study fund that amng middle-aged adults, being a lifelng musician was cnnected with better hearing later in life.”（但一些研究表明，一種習(xí)慣可能有助于抵消衰老對聽力的影響。一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在中年人中，終身音樂家與晚年聽力更好有關(guān)）可推知，你是否參加樂器演奏和你的聽力提高有關(guān)。故選C項。
42．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Hwever, the tw grups tied when researchers tested visual wrking memry skills. “It isn’t as thugh musical training has a vlume knb effect that makes all kinds f sensry prcessing enhanced in the same manner,” Kraus says. “It fcuses n auditry skill.” ”（然而，當(dāng)研究人員測試視覺工作記憶技能時，這兩組人打成了平手。克勞斯說：“這并不是說音樂訓(xùn)練有音量旋鈕效應(yīng)，可以以同樣的方式增強(qiáng)各種感覺處理?！薄八鼘Ｗ⒂诼犛X技能。”）可知，音樂家在視覺工作記憶的加工方面并不比其他人好。故選D項。
43．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第七段劃線句子“The latest findings fllw earlier research frm Kraus that shwed musician in a yunger age grup had better hearing skills. At the same time, sme research has shwn that musicians wh play in large ensembles (合奏) may face an ccupatinal risk when it cmes t their hearing.”（這一最新發(fā)現(xiàn)是在克勞斯早期的研究之后得出的，該研究表明，年輕群體的音樂家有更好的聽力技能。與此同時，一些研究表明，在大型合奏團(tuán)中演奏的音樂家在聽力方面可能面臨an ccupatinal risk。）可知，年輕的音樂家的聽力技能更好好，推測出在大型音樂合奏團(tuán)的音樂家因?yàn)殚L期使用聽力，可能會產(chǎn)生聽力損失的風(fēng)險，an ccupatinal risk和A項“聽力損失的危險”同義。故選A項。
44．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“And, Kraus says, a persn desn’t need t be an Itzhak Perlman r a Y-Y Ma t experience the effects. Talent, she says, isn’t a factr.”（克勞斯說，一個人不需要是伊扎克·帕爾曼或馬友友就能體驗(yàn)到這種效果。她說，天賦不是一個因素。）可知，本句提到了對音樂的天賦，推斷出這里的Itzhak Perlman 或 Y-Y Ma是音樂家。故選B項。
45．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“But sme research suggests a habit that might help ffset the effect f aging n hearing. A study fund that amng middle-aged adults, being a lifelng musician was cnnected with better hearing later in life. ”（但一些研究表明，一種習(xí)慣可能有助于抵消衰老對聽力的影響。一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在中年人中，成為一名終身音樂家與以后更好的聽力有關(guān)?！焙偷谌巍啊癟he instrument yu play des nt seem t be imprtant here,” says Nina Kraus, a bilgist. “It is really the act f engagement playing the instrument that matters.””（生物學(xué)家妮娜·克勞斯說：“你演奏的樂器在這里似乎并不重要?！薄罢嬲匾氖菂⑴c演奏樂器?！保┛芍?，本文主要講述了演奏樂器有助于保持聽力。故選C項。
46．D 47．B 48．A 49．A 50．C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了清潔能源在航空行業(yè)的運(yùn)用所帶來的好處。
46．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Bertrand Piccard, ne f the pilts respnsible fr Slar Impulse 2’s jurney said, “Al1 the clean technlgies we’ve already had can be used everywhere. We have t use them, nt nly fr the envirnment, but als because they are prfitable and able t create jbs.” (負(fù)責(zé)“陽光動力2號”飛行的飛行員之一伯特蘭·皮卡德說：“我們已經(jīng)擁有的所有清潔技術(shù)都可以在任何地方使用。我們必須利用它們，不僅是為了環(huán)境，還因?yàn)樗鼈冇欣蓤D，能夠創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會?！?”可知，Bertrand表示使用清潔技術(shù)不僅對環(huán)境有好處，還能創(chuàng)造崗位，這是使用清潔能源的意義。故選D項。
47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“EasyJet teamed up with Wright Electric t develp battery-pwered aircraft (易捷航空與萊特電氣合作開發(fā)電池驅(qū)動飛機(jī))”可知，EasyJet與Wright電氣公司合作開發(fā)電池驅(qū)動飛機(jī)。故選B項。
48．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Lganair, a Scttish airline, is cperating with aviatin cmpanies t make Orkney the wrld’s first fully electric airline rutes. Hwever, this is never easy. Due t the limited size and weight f a battery that an airplane can carry, airplane prducers are faced with a bttleneck—the cntinued pwer supply fr electric airplanes. They believe the abundant wind energy in Orkney culd be the key t slving it. (蘇格蘭航空公司洛根航空正與航空公司合作，使奧克尼成為世界上第一條全電動航線。然而，這并不容易。由于飛機(jī)可攜帶的電池的尺寸和重量有限，飛機(jī)制造商面臨著一個瓶頸——電動飛機(jī)的持續(xù)電力供應(yīng)。他們認(rèn)為奧克尼島豐富的風(fēng)能可能是解決這個問題的關(guān)鍵。)”可知，奧克尼島豐富的風(fēng)能可能是解決電動飛機(jī)持續(xù)電力供應(yīng)問題的關(guān)鍵，說明他們將利用自然資源來給飛機(jī)供電。故選A項。
49．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The benefits f electric air travel transcend its lw-carbn emissins. Aviatin experts believe these aircraft’s pwer surce will als mean they will be less nisy, smaller, require less maintenance csts, and need a shrter runway t take ff and land (電動航空旅行的好處超越了它的低碳排放。航空專家認(rèn)為，這些飛機(jī)的動力來源也意味著它們的噪音更小，體積更小，維護(hù)成本更低，并且需要更短的跑道起降)”可知，電動航空飛行的好處transcend它的低碳排放，它還有噪音更小、體積更小、維護(hù)成本更低、需要的跑道更短等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，由此可知，此處應(yīng)指它的好處不僅僅是低碳。A. G beynd超出、勝過；B. Rely n依賴；C. Differ frm與……不同；D. Refer t談到、提及。transcend為動詞，表示“超出、超越”，此處與g beynd為同義詞。故選A項。
50．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Aviatin experts believe these aircraft’s pwer surce will als mean they will be less nisy, smaller, require less maintenance csts, and need a shrter runway t take ff and land—this culd lead t mre airprts in small cities and mre rural areas being cnnected t the wrld at large. (航空專家認(rèn)為，這些飛機(jī)的動力來源也意味著它們噪音更小、體積更小、維護(hù)成本更低，而且需要更短的跑道起降——這可能會導(dǎo)致小城市和更多農(nóng)村地區(qū)的機(jī)場與世界接軌。)”可知，電動飛機(jī)還有噪音更小、體積更小、維護(hù)成本更低、需要的跑道更短等特點(diǎn)，而這可能會導(dǎo)致小城市和更多的農(nóng)村地區(qū)的氣場與世界接軌。由此可推知，這會導(dǎo)致世界聯(lián)系更緊密。故選C項

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