Unit 5單元基礎(chǔ)知識匯總本單元詞匯[黑體部分為重點詞]seed/si?d/n.種子,籽distant/'dIst?nt/adj.遙遠的answer the call響應號召disgrace/dIs'ɡreIs/n.丟臉,恥辱be a disgrace是恥辱,是丟臉的事geologist/d?i'?l?d?Ist/n.地質(zhì)學家sample/'sɑ?mp(?)l/n.樣本evolve/I'v?lv/v.進化finch/fInt?/n.雀科鳴禽beak/bi?k/n.鳥嘴,喙suspect/s?'spekt/v.猜想,懷疑,覺得ancestor/'?ns?st?/n.(動物的)原種,祖先evolution/?i?v?'lu??(?)n/n.進化(論)generate/'d?en?reIt/v.產(chǎn)生,創(chuàng)造①聯(lián)想 雖然距離遙遠(distant),但仍能看出有明顯不同(distinct)②對比 answer a call=answer the phone接電話③派生 dis-(否定前綴:不,無)+grace (優(yōu)美,優(yōu)雅)→disgrace n.丟臉,恥辱④語境 sb. is a disgrace to...某人是……的恥辱⑤派生 geology n.地質(zhì)學→geologist n.地質(zhì)學家-ist,名詞后綴:……家,擅長……的人⑥聯(lián)想 這是最簡單的(simple)一份樣本(sample)⑦對比 involve v.包含—evolve v.進化資料中包含(involve)了進化(evolve)的證據(jù)⑧聯(lián)想 這種鳥的鳥嘴(beak)是尖(peak)的⑨派生 evolve v.進化→evolution n.進化(論)-ution,名詞后綴:表示狀態(tài)、行為或結(jié)果characteristic/?k?rIkt?'rIstIk/n.特征,特性decline/dI'klaIn/v.減少tortoise/'t??t?s/n.陸龜blame/bleIm/v.責怪,指責;把……歸咎于goat/ɡ??t/n.山羊be native to源于……的,原產(chǎn)于……primitive/'prImItIv/adj.原始的,低等的worldwide/?w??ld'waId/adv.遍及全世界giant/'d?aI?nt/adj.巨大的,特大的giant tortoise巨型陸龜mangrove/'m??ɡr??v/n.紅樹(一種熱帶樹木,生于水中或水邊,并從樹枝上長出新根須)iguana/I'ɡwɑ?n?/n.鬣蜥(一種大型熱帶美洲蜥蜴)comb-like/'k??mlaIk/adj.梳狀的spine/spaIn/n.(動植物的)刺,刺毛①派生 character n.性格→characteristic n.特征,特性-istic,名詞后綴:特點,特征②對比 declare v.宣布—decline v.減少③聯(lián)想 山羊(goat)穿著外套(coat)站在小船(boat)上④例句 These plants are native to China.這些植物原產(chǎn)于中國。⑤合成 world (世界)+wide (寬闊的)→worldwide adv.遍及全世界⑥拓展 a giant electronics company一家電子產(chǎn)品巨頭myth/mIθ/n.(古代的)神話legend/'led?(?)nd/n.傳說,傳奇(故事)detect/dI'tekt/v.發(fā)現(xiàn),察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)wasp/w?sp/n.黃蜂pesticide/'pestIsaId/n.殺蟲劑,農(nóng)藥root/ru?t/n.根chilli/'t?Ili/n.辣椒link/lI?k/v.把……聯(lián)系起來;連接fungus/'f??ɡ?s/n.真菌(復數(shù)fungi)fungal/'f??ɡ(?)l/adj.真菌的cybercrime/'saIb?kraIm/n.網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪centimetre/'sentI?mi?t?/n.厘米①聯(lián)想 他察覺(detect)到了很多細節(jié)(detail)上的不同②聯(lián)想 從這個房間(room)能看到樹根(root)③聯(lián)想 蘸上墨水(ink),把這兩個點“連接”(link)起來④聯(lián)想 “真菌”(fungal)感染可不是那么“有趣的”(fun)⑤構(gòu)詞 cyber-(網(wǎng)絡(luò)的)+crime(犯罪)→cybercrime n.網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪⑥縮略 cm即centimetre的縮寫形式,意為“厘米”。本單元短語1.date back to追溯到2.what's more而且,更重要的是3.be a disgrace是恥辱,是丟臉的事4.lead to導致,造成5.of all time有史以來6.in question正被討論的,談論中的7.be crowded with擠滿8.come to exist開始存在9.a(chǎn)dapt to適應10.be regarded as被認為是……11.blame...on...把……歸咎于……12.in particular特別,尤其13.be harmful to對……有害14.be home to是……的家園15.by contrast相比之下16.be native to源于……的,原產(chǎn)于……17.serve as充當18.a(chǎn)fter all終究,畢竟19.drive away驅(qū)趕,趕走20.tiny amounts of微量的Ⅰ.單詞1.________ n.種子,籽2.________ n.樣本3.________ v.猜想,懷疑,覺得4.________ n.(動物的)原種,祖先5.________ v.產(chǎn)生,創(chuàng)造6.________ n.特征,特性7.________ v.減少8.________ v.責怪,指責;把……歸咎于9.________ n.山羊10.________ adj.原始的,低等的11.________ adv.遍及全世界12.________ n.根13.________ v.把……聯(lián)系起來;連接14.________ n.厘米15.________ adj.遙遠的→________ n.遠處16.________ n.體面,高貴→________ n.丟臉,恥辱17.________ n.地質(zhì)學→________ n.地質(zhì)學家18.________ v.發(fā)現(xiàn),察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)→________ adj.能發(fā)現(xiàn)的→________ n.探測器Ⅱ.短語1.________________響應號召2.________________是恥辱,是丟臉的事3.________________源于……的,原產(chǎn)于4.________________有史以來5.________________在討論中的6.________________堆滿,擠滿7.________________開始存在,開始產(chǎn)生8.________________適應9.________________各種各樣的10.________________微量的11.________________趕走12.________________把……和……聯(lián)系在一起Ⅲ.句式結(jié)構(gòu)1.v.-ing作定語What's more, he had recently received a letter from his father ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.并且他剛收到父親的來信,信中預言他將會成為“自己和全家人的恥辱”。2.強調(diào)句型When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but ________________________________________.1835年,當“貝格爾號”抵達加拉帕戈斯群島時,達爾文發(fā)現(xiàn)了各種各樣的新物種,但最令他感興趣的是鳥類。3.so...that...句型But Darwin's scientific studies were ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.然而達爾文的科學研究很有說服力,越來越多的人開始接受他的理論。4.with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)________________________________________________________________________, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all.我們一直認為會說話的植物只存在于幻想之中,但新的研究揭示了一些令人驚奇的事情:植物間似乎確實可以交流。5.it作形式主語________________________________________ plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.人們早就知道植物可以利用化學物質(zhì)相互交流。Unit 5 單元基礎(chǔ)知識匯總單元評價·自查自糾Ⅰ.單詞1.seed 2.sample 3.suspect 4.ancestor 5.generate 6.characteristic 7.decline 8.blame 9.goat 10.primitive11.worldwide 12.root 13.link 14.centimetre 15.distant; distance 16.grace; disgrace 17.geology; geologist 18.detect; detectable; detectorⅡ.短語1.a(chǎn)nswer the call 2.be a disgrace 3.be native to 4.of all time 5.in question 6.be crowded with 7.come to exist 8.adapt to 9.a variety of 10.tiny amounts of 11.drive...away 12.link...to/with...Ⅲ.句式結(jié)構(gòu)1.predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family” 2.it was the birds that interested him the most 3.so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory 4.With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy 5.It has been known for some time that