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Step Ⅰ 文本研讀Ⅰ.框架建構(gòu)：整體理解An observational journalWeek 1The 1.________________ have been planted and they 2.________________ regularly.Week 3A 3.________________ has sprouted from each of the bulbs.Week 6The stems 4.________________ around 20 centimetres tall and each has produced 5.________________．Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表達(dá)Write down useful sentences for an observational journal in the text.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step Ⅱ 知識(shí)點(diǎn)熟記下列重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)①side by side 肩并肩地②around 大約③be shaped like 形狀像…… (教材原句)On each stem are two leaves, which are long and narrow with a waxy texture.每根莖上有兩片葉子，又長又窄，質(zhì)地光滑。 [句式解構(gòu)] 該主從復(fù)合句中主句部分使用了完全倒裝； which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，對(duì)leaves進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。完全倒裝：完全倒裝就是將謂語動(dòng)詞全部置于主語之前，主要有以下幾種情況：(1)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語＋不及物動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be＋主語(名詞)?In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.在英國一所大學(xué)的講堂里坐著一位教授。?By the window stood a young fellow with a badge in his hand.窗邊站著一個(gè)年輕人，他的手里拿著一枚徽章。(2)作表語的形容詞/分詞短語＋系動(dòng)詞be＋主語(名詞)?Present at the party are several composers and geologists.出席宴會(huì)的是幾位作曲家和地質(zhì)學(xué)家。?Growing all over the mountain are wild flowers.漫山遍野都是野花。(3)表示方位/地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間的副詞(in, out, down, up, off, away, here, there, now, then等)＋不及物動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be＋主語(名詞)?Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.下雨了，傘都撐起來了。?Here comes the bus.公共汽車來了。?Now comes your turn.現(xiàn)在輪到你了。[名師點(diǎn)津] 在完全倒裝句中，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與后面主語的數(shù)保持一致。In front of the house stands two tall trees.(×)In front of the house stand two tall trees.(√)房前有兩棵高樹。[即學(xué)即練] 完成句子①________________ (在里面是) an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 21st century.②________________________ (我們學(xué)校的中心坐落著) our library, which is between the garden and the teaching building.③________________________ (坐在地上的是) a group of young people.④________________________ (在我們房子的前面有) a tall tree with a history of 1，000 years, which is protected by the government now.⑤As she turned around, ________________ (站在那兒) Gladys Claffern.⑥—How can I realize my dreams in a short time?—Be practical. ______________________________ (你和你的夢(mèng)想之間有) a lot of hard work. Step Ⅲ Writing an observational journal[文體介紹]觀察描述類作文就是把觀察到的事物按照時(shí)間或空間順序描述出來。寫作時(shí)要求內(nèi)容真實(shí)，所見所聞要貼近自己的生活。寫作前要細(xì)致觀察，這樣才能具體敘述，內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括被觀察事物的外形、色彩、特點(diǎn)、動(dòng)作等。寫作時(shí)要突出中心，圍繞一個(gè)內(nèi)容、一種情景、一種感受進(jìn)行寫作，必要時(shí)結(jié)合自己的感受進(jìn)行合理的想象，要有詳有略、想象合理，寫出新鮮感。[寫作要點(diǎn)](1)考慮好描寫的視角和次序。視角就是我們通常所講的人稱，觀察描述類作文用第一人稱和第三人稱都可以，但目的、內(nèi)容和效果不同。描寫次序是指先后順序問題。一般來講，觀察描述類作文或是按空間順序描寫，或是按時(shí)間順序描寫。比如要描寫植物生長的過程可按時(shí)間順序，而描述一個(gè)房間時(shí)則需要按空間順序。(2)寫作時(shí)要選擇重點(diǎn)部分或內(nèi)容來寫。無論描寫什么都不可能面面俱到，要選擇最能體現(xiàn)事物特征的一兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描述，比如植物的生長有一些關(guān)鍵期，如種子發(fā)芽、長出莖、長出第一片葉子等，這些都是最好記錄下來的。(3)把描寫和敘述結(jié)合起來。在寫作中，描寫通常需要與其他表達(dá)方式結(jié)合起來，尤其是常與敘述結(jié)合在一起。一般來說，描寫是具體細(xì)致地描述客觀事物，敘述是概括地描述事件的過程。[常用表達(dá)]?You'd better put...in the sunlight.你最好把……放在陽光下。?It's better for you to water...every day.你最好每天都給……澆水。?If you take care of..., ...can grow better and better.如果你照顧好……，……會(huì)長得越來越好。?It comes in a variety of colours/shapes.它有各種各樣的顏色/形狀。?It consists of several integrated parts.它由幾個(gè)互相關(guān)聯(lián)的部分組成。?It is shaped like a circle.它的形狀像個(gè)圓。?It is flat in shape and small in size.它形狀扁平，體積小。?...is attached to the bottom.……與底部相連。[實(shí)踐應(yīng)用]假定你是李華，老師讓你根據(jù)下面的提示寫一篇關(guān)于向日葵的觀察日志。要點(diǎn)提示：1．把向日葵的種子埋在土壤里，然后澆水。2．一周后莖出來了。3．約三周后，花蕾長大了。注意：詞數(shù)80左右。第一步 布局謀篇
第二步 遣詞造句完成句子1．用1～2厘米厚的潮濕的土蓋住向日葵的種子，然后定期澆水。(1)The sunflower seed is covered with 1～2 cm of moist soil ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. (用并列句)(2)________________________________________________________________________, the sunflower seed is watered regularly. (過去分詞作狀語)2．一周后，一根帶著葉子和一個(gè)小花蕾的莖長出來，同時(shí)根繼續(xù)向下長。(1)A week later, a single stem grows with leaves and a small flower bud, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. (用并列句)(2)A week later, a single stem grows with leaves and a small flower bud, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. (with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))3．在向日葵莖頂端的花蕾首次出現(xiàn)大約三周后，它擴(kuò)大并開始顯示出一個(gè)扁平的圓盤。(1)About three weeks ________________________________ at the tip of the sunflower stem, it enlarges and begins to reveal a flattened disc. (after時(shí)間狀語從句)(2)________________________________________________________________________ at the tip of the sunflower stem, enlarge and begin to reveal a flattened disc. (it takes sth.＋some time＋動(dòng)詞不定式)第三步 完美成篇________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Section Ⅳ Writing——寫一份觀察日記寫作精析·技能提升Step Ⅰ 文本研讀Ⅰ.框架建構(gòu)：整體理解1．daffodil bulbs 2.are being watered 3.single stem 4．have grown to 5.a single flowerⅡ.文本剖析：特色表達(dá)(1)The daffodil bulbs have been planted side by side in soil, with the pointed ends facing up.(2)Water has been added and the container was put in a cool, dark place.(3)A single stem has sprouted from each of the bulbs.(4)On each stem are two leaves, which are long and narrow with a waxy texture.(5)The stems have grown to around 20 centimetres tall and each has produced a single flower.Step Ⅱ 知識(shí)點(diǎn)①Inside was?、贗n the centre of our school lies/is ③Seated on the ground are ④In front of our house stands/is?、輙here stood ⑥Between you and your dreams stands/isStep Ⅲ Writing an observational journal第二步1．(1)and is watered regularly(2)Covered with 1～2 cm of moist soil2．(1)and at the same time the root continues to grow downwards(2)with the root continuing to grow downwards at the same time3．(1)after the flower bud first becomes visible(2)It takes the flower bud about three weeks to first become visible第三步The sunflower seed is covered with 1～2 cm of moist soil and is watered regularly. The hard seed coat softens in the damp soil to allow it to root and the first leaves to push to the soil surface.A week later, a single stem grows with leaves and a small flower bud, with the root continuing to grow downwards at the same time.It takes the flower bud about three weeks to first become visible at the tip of the sunflower stem, enlarge and begin to reveal a flattened disc. It is yellow, looking beautiful.
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