?人大附中深圳學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末考試
高一年級 英語試卷
說明：本試卷有 4 道大題 57 道小題，共 12 頁，考試用時 120 分鐘，滿分 130 分，請?jiān)诖痤}卡上作答，選擇題用2B鉛筆填涂，要求把選項(xiàng)填黑填滿，主觀題用0.5黑色簽字筆答題，主觀題要答寫在對應(yīng)題框內(nèi)，不在框內(nèi)答題無效。
第一部分 語言知識(共 10小題;每小題 1分，滿分 10 分)
閱讀下列各題，從每小題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
1. It is announced that the 2023 Grammy Awards, originally scheduled for January 31st, have been ________ to March 14th due to concerns over the spread of COVID-19.
A. maintained B. illustrated C. preferred D. postponed
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)宣布，原定于1月31日舉行的2023年格萊美頒獎典禮，由于擔(dān)心2019冠狀病毒疾病的傳播，將推遲到3月14日舉行。A. maintained維持；B. illustrated解釋；C. preferred偏愛；D. postponed推遲。根據(jù)句中originally scheduled for January 31st”及“to March 14th due to concerns over the spread of COVID-19可知，此處指由于擔(dān)心2019冠狀病毒疾病的傳播，將原定于1月31日舉行推遲到3月14日舉行。故選D。
2. The number of people who own a car ________in the past 10 years.
A. increase B. increased C. has increased D. increases
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在過去10年里，擁有汽車的人數(shù)有所增加?？仗帒?yīng)填謂語動詞的形式，由時間狀語in the past 10 years可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，句子主語為The number，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故選C項(xiàng)。
3. The reason _____ he was late was ____ he missed the early bus.
A. which, that B. why, that C. for which, what D. why, because
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句和表語從句。句意：他遲到的原因是他錯過了早班車。分析句子可知，該句第一空為關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞The reason在從句中作原因狀語，該句第二空為連詞that引導(dǎo)的表語從句，that在從句中不作成分，無實(shí)義。故選B項(xiàng)。
4. I keep a diary to ____ me of what I have experienced each day.
A. remind B. remember C. relieve D. recover
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我寫日記是為了提醒自己每天所經(jīng)歷的事情。A. remind提醒；B. remember記得；C. relieve減輕；D. recover恢復(fù)。remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事/提醒某人某事。根據(jù)“what I have experienced each day.”可知，寫日記的目的是提醒自己每天所經(jīng)歷的事情。故選A。
5. With Christmas ________ , people have been doing more shopping online.
A. observing B. settling C. appointing D. approaching
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著圣誕節(jié)的臨近，人們在網(wǎng)上購物更多了。A. observing觀察；B. settling解決，定居；C. appointing任命；D. approaching（在距離或時間上）靠近。根據(jù)句意可知，人們在網(wǎng)上購物更多了，是因?yàn)槭フQ節(jié)臨近了，“approach”意為“（在距離或時間上）靠近”符合句意，句子為“with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”作狀語，“Christmas”與“approach”為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞“approaching”作賓補(bǔ)。故選D。
6. He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation he was likely to lose control over his car.
A. where B. that C. which D. when
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他開得如此之快，以致于使自己陷入一種很可能失去對汽車控制的危險境地。空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是situation，在從句中充當(dāng)抽象的地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)從句。故選A。
7. There was a hole in the wall, _________ you could see what was happening inside.
A. from which B. from that C. through which D. through that
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：墻上有個洞，透過這個洞你可以看到里面發(fā)生的事情。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是介詞+關(guān)系代詞構(gòu)成的非限制性定語從句，表示“透過，通過”應(yīng)該使用介詞through，引導(dǎo)詞在從句作賓語，指代前文的the wall，應(yīng)用which。兩者結(jié)合，故用through which。故選C。
8. Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally.
A. designed B. designing
C. to design D. being designed
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)大學(xué)都為一年級學(xué)生開設(shè)了一門課程，專門幫助他們在學(xué)業(yè)和個人方面取得成功。a course和design之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。故選A。
9. _______ is known to us all is that China is a developing country ______ the Third World.
A. As; belong to B. It; belongs to
C. What; belonging to D. That; belonging to
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查主語從句和非謂語動詞。句意：眾所周知，中國是一個屬于第三世界的發(fā)展中國家。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一空是主語從句，且從句子缺少主語，所以用what來引導(dǎo)；第二空是用非謂語動詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，故選C項(xiàng)。
10. Only when the police showed her the evidence ________ that she had stolen the money.
A. she admitted B. she had admitted
C. did she admit D. had she admitted
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查特殊句式中的部分倒裝。句意：只有當(dāng)警察把證據(jù)給她看的時候，她才承認(rèn)偷了錢。only置于句首，主句要用部分倒裝，即be動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞放在主語前。時態(tài)要用一般過去時，故選C。
【點(diǎn)睛】當(dāng)“only+狀語”位于句首時，后面的句子要用部分倒裝，其中only后的狀語可以是副詞、介詞短語、從句等。但在only后作狀語的是從句時，從句不用倒裝，要部分倒裝的是主句。
第二部分 閱讀理解(共 20小題;每小題 2.5 分，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Master Gardener Volunteers Wanted
Why Become a Master Gardener?
The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture, and so on! Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy (園藝療法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.
What Qualifications Must You Meet?
Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener—you don’t need to be an expert or have a degree. You do, however, need to:
●Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management.
●Be willing to share horticulture information with others.
●Be willing to attend a training program and can devote time to volunteering and continuing education.
Besides, to become a Master Gardener volunteer, each applicant needs to complete an application, prepare background screening paperwork and schedule an interview with Extension staff.
What Does the Training Involve?
Training sessions are offered one day a week over a three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region. Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship (實(shí)習(xí)) work are required to complete the program and become certified. In order to remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hours of volunteer work and 10 hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year.
11. What does a Master Gardener do?
A. Help raise people’s quality of life by horticulture.
B. Teach the youth about diets and agriculture.
C. Promote horticultural practices at home.
D. Train volunteers to help with gardening.
12. What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener?
A. Acquiring excellent teaching skills.
B. Having some relevant knowledge.
C. Completing given training sessions.
D. Obtaining rich volunteer experience.
13. How long will it take to become a qualified Master Gardener?
A. A year. B. Three months.
C. About 160 hours. D. About 120 hours.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，是一篇園藝大師志愿者的招聘廣告。
【11題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy (園藝療法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.(園藝大師通過幫助人們找到家庭和城市自然資源的合理管理方法，通過人與植物的互動和園藝治療創(chuàng)造令人愉悅的環(huán)境，通過家庭水果和蔬菜生產(chǎn)促進(jìn)安全、豐富的食物供應(yīng)，使人們參與活動，以改善他們的總體福祉和全面的生活享受。)”可知，園藝大師通過園藝療法幫助提高人們的生活質(zhì)量，故選A。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)What Qualifications Must You Meet?部分的“Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management.(對園藝或景觀管理有一定經(jīng)驗(yàn)或略知一二。)”可知，如果你想申請成為園藝大師，需要有一定的相關(guān)知識。故選B。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship (實(shí)習(xí)) work are required to complete the program and become certified.(大約需要60小時的課堂教學(xué)和實(shí)地研究以及60小時的志愿者實(shí)習(xí)工作才能完成該項(xiàng)目并獲得認(rèn)證。)”可知，成為一名合格的園藝師需要的時間是60h+60h=120h，故選D。
B
Every week, two converted blue buses packed with children’s books carefully drive along the streets of Kabul, avoiding areas where deadly explosions are common. These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, delivering a wealth of reading material directly to youngsters who have limited access to books.
“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”
While for many people a bus or train journey presents a rare opportunity to get stuck into a book, in some cities public transport is being used as means of getting books to communities that need them most. Afghanistan, for example, has one of the world’s lowest literacy rates, with only three in 10 adults able to read, according to UNESCO. The majority of public schools in Kabul do not have libraries and the city’s libraries do not offer many children’s books. For Karim, buses were a cost-effective, efficient way to get books to children.
Charmarghz rents them from a state-owned bus company. “We go to nearby schools,” she says. “We try to stop inside communities rather than on the main streets where explosions often happen.”
The organization is funded by donations from local business and communities, and also rents a third bus that acts as a mobile cinema. Over 600 children visit the buses each day to read, socialise and play games. “They are often very excited,” she says. “Our biggest challenge is that so many children want to come inside the bus, but we can’t have all of them in one day.”
14. Why does Freshta Karim set up the organization?
A. To raise money for the poor. B. To recycle abandoned buses.
C. To build libraries for the local schools. D. To offer the children more reading opportunities.
15. What is special about Charmarghz?
A. It’s funded by UNESCO. B. It’s a state-owned organization.
C. It buys buses from a company. D. It aims to inspire critical thinking.
16. What is the most pressing problem for Charmarghz?
A. Deadly explosions. B. Poor public transport system.
C. Shortage of travelling libraries. D. Lack of support from the government.
17. Which of the following best describes Freshta Karim?
A. Caring and courageous. B. Humorous and ambitious.
C. Demanding and enthusiastic. D. Honest and hardworking.
【答案】14. D 15. D 16. C 17. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了27歲的牛津大學(xué)畢業(yè)生Freshta Karim在家鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)辦了非營利組織Charmaghz，來為孩子們提供更多的閱讀機(jī)會。阿富汗是世界上識字率最低的國家之一，喀布爾的大多數(shù)公立學(xué)校沒有圖書館，對Karim來說，Charmaghz用巴士給孩子們送書是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的方式。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, delivering a wealth of reading material directly to youngsters who have limited access to books.可知這些流動圖書館會在城市的不同地區(qū)的學(xué)校停留，直接為那些接觸書籍不多的年輕人提供豐富的閱讀材料。由此可知，F(xiàn)reshta Karim建立了這個組織，是為了給孩子們提供更多的閱讀機(jī)會。故選D。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”可知“我們城市的很多學(xué)校都沒有像圖書館這樣的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，”27歲的牛津大學(xué)畢業(yè)生Freshta Karim說，她在成長過程中沒有很多書，受啟發(fā)在家鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)辦了非營利組織Charmaghz?！拔覀冊噲D弄清楚我們能做些什么來促進(jìn)我們國家的批判性思維?！庇纱丝赏浦珻harmarghz特別之處在于，它的目的是激發(fā)批判性思維。故選D。
【16題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段The organization is funded by donations from local business and communities, and also rents a third bus that acts as a mobile cinema. Over 600 children visit the buses each day to read, socialise and play games. “They are often very excited,” she says. “Our biggest challenge is that so many children want to come inside the bus, but we can’t have all of them in one day.”可知該組織的資金來自當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)和社區(qū)的捐贈，并租用了第三輛巴士作為移動電影院。每天有600多名兒童來巴士上閱讀、社交和玩游戲?！八麄兺ǔ７浅Ｅd奮，”她說?！拔覀冏畲蟮奶魬?zhàn)是，這么多孩子想要進(jìn)來，但我們不可能在一天之內(nèi)讓所有的孩子都進(jìn)來?！庇纱丝赏浦珻harmarghz最迫切的問題是缺少流動圖書館。故選C。
【17題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”可知“我們城市的很多學(xué)校都沒有像圖書館這樣的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，”27歲的牛津大學(xué)畢業(yè)生Freshta Karim說，她在成長過程中沒有很多書，受啟發(fā)在家鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)辦了非營利組織Charmaghz?？芍狵arim創(chuàng)辦了非盈利組織來幫助那些沒有書看的孩子們，說明Karim是個樂于助人的人；結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段Charmarghz rents them from a state-owned bus company. “We go to nearby schools,” she says. “We try to stop inside communities rather than on the main streets where explosions often happen.”可知Charmarghz從一家國有公交公司租借?！拔覀?nèi)ジ浇膶W(xué)校，”她說。“我們盡量在社區(qū)內(nèi)停車，而不是在經(jīng)常發(fā)生爆炸的主要街道上?！笨赏浦?，Karim敢于在動蕩不安的阿富汗創(chuàng)辦讓更多兒童讀書的項(xiàng)目，說明Karim是個勇敢的人；由此可推知，F(xiàn)reshta Karim是一個樂于助人且勇敢的人。故選A。
C
Napping may be part of life for most of us. However, some countries where daytime naps have long been part of the culture, such as Spain, now discourage the habit. Meanwhile, some companies in the US now promote napping as a way to boost productivity. “It’s important to try to reveal the biological pathways that contribute to the reason why we nap,” says Dashti from Harvard Medical School.
Previously, co-senior author Richa Sexena at Massachusetts General Hospital(MGH) and he colleagues used many databases of genetic and lifestyle information to study other aspects of sleep. To gain a better understanding of the genetics of napping， they performed a genome(基因組)-wide association study (GWAS),which involves rapid scanning of complete sets of DNA of a large number of people.
For this study, the researchers used data from the UK Biobank,which includes genetic information from 452,633 people. All the participants were asked to clássify their naps during the day as “never/rarely”,“sometimes” or “usually”. The GWAS identified 123 regions in the human genome associated with daytime napping. Then the participants wore activity monitors called accelerometers,which can provide data about daytime napping. This data also showed that the self-reports about napping were accurate.
Several other features of this study bolster its results. For example,the researchers obtained similar findings in an analysis of the genomes of 541,333 people collected by 23andMe,a consumer genetic-testing company. Also, a significant number of the genes near or at regions identified by the GWAS are already known to play a role in sleep.
The team also identified at least three potential mechanisms that promote napping. Some people need more shut-eye than others. A daytime nap can help make up for poor-quality sleep the night before. People who rise early may “catch up” on sleep with a nap. “This tells us that daytime napping is biologically driven and not just an environmental or behavioral choice,” says Dshti. Some of these mechanisms are linked to health concerns, such as a large waistline and increased blood pressure, though more research on those associations is needed.
18. What did the researchers at MGH focus on in their new study?
A. The causes of long napping time.
B. The benefits of napping frequently.
C. The reasons behind the napping habit.
D. The genes contributing to poor sleeping quality.
19. Why did the researchers use the activity monitors?
A. To study the database more efficiently.
B. To find the cause of genetic variation.
C. To guarantee the accuracy of the self-reports.
D. To explore how the participants feel after the naps.
20. What does the underlined word “bolster” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Draw attention to.
B. Give support for.
C. Play a decisive role in.
D. Show different opinions on.
21. According to Dashti,what will the researchers study next?
A. The ways to help people sleep better.
B. The causes of and solutions to some health concerns.
C. The impact of environment on people’ s napping choice.
D. The connection between some health problems and the three mechanisms.
【答案】18. C 19. C 20. B 21. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員的的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)——人們白天午休的習(xí)慣和基因有關(guān)。
【18題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Previously, co-senior author Richa Sexena at Massachusetts General Hospital(MGH) and he colleagues used many databases of genetic and lifestyle information to study other aspects of sleep. To gain a better understanding of the genetics of napping， they performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS)， which involves rapid scanning of complete sets of DNA of a large number of people.(此前，馬薩諸塞州總醫(yī)院(MGH)的共同資深作者Richa Sexena和他的同事使用了許多基因和生活方式信息數(shù)據(jù)庫來研究睡眠的其他方面。為了更好地了解午睡的遺傳學(xué)，他們進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)全基因組關(guān)聯(lián)研究(GWAS)，包括對大量人的整套DNA進(jìn)行快速掃描)”可知，MGH的研究者主要致力于尋找導(dǎo)致人們有不同午休習(xí)慣的原因。故選C項(xiàng)。
19題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Then the participants wore activity monitors called accelerometers,which can provide data about daytime napping. This data also showed that the self-reports about napping were accurate.(然后，參與者佩戴一種名為加速計(jì)的活動監(jiān)測器，它可以提供白天午睡的數(shù)據(jù)。該數(shù)據(jù)還表明，關(guān)于午睡的自我報告是準(zhǔn)確的)”可知，為參與者戴上檢測器是為了確保午休數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性。故選C項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“For example,the researchers obtained similar findings in an analysis of the genomes of 541,333 people collected by 23andMe,a consumer genetic-testing company.(例如，研究人員對消費(fèi)基因檢測公司23andMe收集的541333人的基因組進(jìn)行了分析，得出了類似的結(jié)果)”可知，表示的是一些發(fā)現(xiàn)為研究提供了支持。所以bolster是“支持”之意，與Give support for.意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“The team also identified at least three potential mechanisms that promote napping. Some people need more shut-eye than others. A daytime nap can help make up for poor-quality sleep the night before. People who rise early may “catch up” on sleep with a nap.“This tells us that daytime napping is biologically driven and not just an environmental or behavioral choice,” says Dshti. Some of these mechanisms are linked to health concerns, such as a large waistline and increased blood pressure, though more research on those associations is needed.(研究小組還確定了至少三種促進(jìn)午睡的潛在機(jī)制。有些人比其他人需要更多的睡眠。白天小睡可以幫助彌補(bǔ)前一晚睡眠質(zhì)量差的不足。早起的人可能會通過打個盹來“補(bǔ)覺”。Dshti說:“這告訴我們，白天打盹是由生物驅(qū)動的，而不僅僅是環(huán)境或行為的選擇。”其中一些機(jī)制與健康問題有關(guān)，如大腰圍和血壓升高，不過還需要對這些聯(lián)系進(jìn)行更多的研究)”可推知，研究者們接下來可能會研究高血壓等健康問題與導(dǎo)致午休的三種機(jī)制之間的關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。
D
The American space agency NASA says a spacecraft has entered the sun’s outermost atmosphere for the first time. Scientists announced that Parker Solar Probe traveled through the solar atmosphere’s outer edge, known as the corona (日冕). They described the entry as a successful touch on the sun.
Unlike Earth, the sun does not have a solid surface. Instead, it is a superheated ball of material held together by gravity and magnetic (磁的) forces. The temperature of the corona is so high that the sun’s gravity cannot hold on to it and some solar material escapes from it and goes into space, which causes the solar wind. The solar wind is the flow of charged pieces, known as plasma.
Parker Solar Probe was launched in 2018 which mainly studied the solar wind. The sun is actually a magnetic variable star with solar activity happening nearly periodically. Scientists said being able to study the solar wind and the corona close up could help them better understand “the way the activity causes changes to the planet we live on”.
“We can actually see the spacecraft flying through the coronal structure during a total solar eclipse (日全食),” Nour Raouafi, the project scientist, said, adding that it took them a few months to examine information from the spacecraft and to confirm the result and that the evidence used included data on magnetic fields and the solar wind, as well as images. Scientists reported Parker Solar Probe successfully went in and out of the corona at least three times.
The Parker team said early data also suggested the spacecraft may have entered the corona during its ninth close approach in August, but a further study is needed to make a confirmation. The spacecraft is expected to keep getting closer to the sun and diving deeper into the corona until its final orbit, planned for 2025.
22. What do we know about the solar wind from the text?
A. It affects the corona’s temperature. B. It functions as the surface of the sun.
C. It is caused by magnetic forces. D. It comes from the sun’s outer atmosphere.
23. Why did NASA launch Parker Solar Probe?
A. To find out why solar activity happens.
B. To know how solar activity influences Earth.
C. To get more evidence of the solar wind.
D. To take measures to control the solar wind.
24. What are the scientists’ attitude to their findings?
A. Confused. B. Doubtful. C. Cautious. D. Favorable.
25. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Spacecraft Touches the Sun for the First Time
B. Parker Uncovers the Secrets of the Solar Wind
C. NASA Brought New Discoveries about the Sun
D. Parker Is Designed to Reach the Sun in 2025
【答案】22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，文章介紹了美國國家航空航天局的一艘航天器“帕克太陽探測器”首次進(jìn)入太陽最外層的大氣層，接觸到太陽。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“The American space agency NASA says a spacecraft has entered the sun’s outermost atmosphere for the first time. Scientists announced that Parker Solar Probe traveled through the solar atmosphere’s outer edge, known as the corona (日冕).(美國宇航局稱一艘宇宙飛船首次進(jìn)入太陽最外層大氣層?？茖W(xué)家們宣布，帕克太陽探測器穿過了太陽大氣的外緣，也就是日冕。)”和第二段的“The temperature of the corona is so high that the sun’s gravity cannot hold on to it and some solar material escapes from it and goes into space, which causes the solar wind.(日冕的溫度很高，太陽的引力無法抓住它，一些太陽物質(zhì)從日冕逃逸到太空中，這就造成了太陽風(fēng)。)”可知，一些太陽物質(zhì)會從日冕中逃出，進(jìn)入太空形成太陽風(fēng)，而日冕指太陽大氣的最外層，由此可知，太陽風(fēng)來自太陽大氣的外層。故選D。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Parker Solar Probe was launched in 2018 which mainly studied the solar wind. The sun is actually a magnetic variable star with solar activity happening nearly periodically. Scientists said being able to study the solar wind and the corona close up could help them better understand “the way the activity causes changes to the planet we live on”(帕克太陽探測器于2018年發(fā)射，主要研究太陽風(fēng)。太陽實(shí)際上是一顆磁變星，太陽活動幾乎周期性地發(fā)生?？茖W(xué)家們表示，能夠近距離研究太陽風(fēng)和日冕，可以幫助他們更好地理解“太陽風(fēng)活動對我們生活的星球造成的變化方式”。)”可知，“帕克太陽探測器”主要研究太陽風(fēng)，以幫助科學(xué)家更好地了解太陽活動如何影響我們的地球。故選B。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“it took them a few months to examine information from the spacecraft and to confirm the result and that the evidence used included data on magnetic fields and the solar wind, as well as images(他們花了幾個月的時間來檢查來自航天器的信息，并確認(rèn)結(jié)果，所用的證據(jù)包括磁場和太陽風(fēng)的數(shù)據(jù)，以及圖像)”和第五段的“but a further study is needed to make a confirmation(但還需要進(jìn)一步的研究來證實(shí))”可知，科學(xué)家們花費(fèi)數(shù)月時間檢查來自航天器的信息并確認(rèn)結(jié)果，并且認(rèn)為需要開展新研究以確認(rèn)“帕克太陽探測器”在8月份是否進(jìn)入日冕。由此可推斷出科學(xué)家們對他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)的態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎的。故選C。
【25題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是根據(jù)第一段“The American space agency NASA says a spacecraft has entered the sun’s outermost atmosphere for the first time. Scientists announced that Parker Solar Probe traveled through the solar atmosphere’s outer edge, known as the corona (日冕). They described the entry as a successful touch on the sun.(美國宇航局稱一艘宇宙飛船首次進(jìn)入太陽最外層大氣層。科學(xué)家們宣布，帕克太陽探測器穿過了太陽大氣的外緣，也就是日冕。他們稱這次進(jìn)入是一次成功的太陽之旅。)”可知，本文主要介紹了美國國家航空航天局的“帕克太陽探測器”首次近距離接近太陽，故A項(xiàng)“Spacecraft Touches the Sun for the First Time(宇宙飛船首次接觸太陽)”作標(biāo)題最佳。故選A。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Online training is one of the fastest growing parts of the fitness industry. If you’re considering joining the online fitness community, consider these benefits and drawbacks.
One of the most popular reasons for working out following an online video is that it offers ultimate convenience. No need to roll out of bed at 5 a. m. to attend that 6 a. m. boot camp class, which may end up being full when you arrive.____26____And what if you’re on the road? No problem. You can access your workout video through your phone.
____27____Most online fitness programs are much less expensive than similar offline programs—most range in cost from $ 10 to $ 20 per month. Some are even free. For example, the online Les Mills+program offers a free 30-day trial of its 1,500-plus workouts.
Online training also has broad offerings. When you head online, you have instructors from around the globe, all ready and willing to help you master your favorite moves.____28____Just because there isn’t a Krav Maga class in your area doesn’t mean you can’t go online to find one led by qualified instructors.
All these are undoubtedly positive-online training provides fitness resources to general consumers wherever they are, without requiring access to a gym or fitness studio.____29____
Very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you, check your form, and offer corrections based on your performance.____30____This is particularly concerning for beginners, as they’re more likely to do incorrectly. Besides, if you struggle with self-motivation and prefer a social workout environment, online fitness may not be for you.
A. Another is the price.
B. But it’s not without problems.
C. The same goes for different types of exercise.
D. However, online personal training isn’t for everyone.
E. Instead, you can turn it on at home at your convenience.
F. That being said, online workouts aren’t perfect when it comes to safety.
G. This means you could perform exercises wrongly, or even unsafely, without knowing it.
【答案】26. E 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要論述了在線健身的利與弊。
【26題詳解】
根據(jù)第二段的首句“One of the most popular reasons for working out following an online video is that it offers ultimate convenience. (跟著在線視頻健身最流行的原因之一是它提供了極大的便利。)”可知，本段主要介紹了在線健身的優(yōu)勢之一是其便捷性。同時根據(jù)空前“No need to roll out of bed at 5 a. m. to attend that 6 a. m. boot camp class, which may end up being full when you arrive.(沒有必要在早上5點(diǎn)從床上爬起來去參加早上6點(diǎn)的訓(xùn)練營課程，當(dāng)你到達(dá)時，訓(xùn)練營可能會爆滿。)”可知，此處提到你不必凌晨5點(diǎn)起床去參加6點(diǎn)的訓(xùn)練營課程，因此空處應(yīng)與在線健身便利性的實(shí)際做法有關(guān)。E項(xiàng)“Instead, you can turn it on at home at your convenience.(相反，你可以在你方便時在家里打開課程。)”中提到的是實(shí)際的做法，符合語境。故選E。
【27題詳解】
根據(jù)空后“Most online fitness programs are much less expensive than similar offline programs—most range in cost from $ 10 to $ 20 per month. Some are even free.(大多數(shù)在線健身項(xiàng)目都比類似的線下項(xiàng)目便宜得多，每個月的費(fèi)用從10美元到20美元不等。有些甚至免費(fèi)。)”可知，本段談?wù)摰氖窃诰€健身在價格方面的優(yōu)勢。A項(xiàng)“Another is the price.(另一個是價格)”能夠概括段落的主要內(nèi)容，同時A項(xiàng)中的“Another”與第二段首句中的“One”的呼應(yīng)關(guān)系亦是提示。故選A。
【28題詳解】
根據(jù)第四段的首句“Online training also has broad offerings. (在線培訓(xùn)的內(nèi)容也很廣泛。)”可知，本段主要介紹的是在線健身可以提供多樣的選擇。同時根據(jù)空前“When you head online, you have instructors from around the globe, all ready and willing to help you master your favorite moves.(當(dāng)你上網(wǎng)時，你有來自世界各地的教練，他們都準(zhǔn)備好了，愿意幫助你掌握你最喜歡的動作。)”可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)上有來自全世界的教練已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好并愿意幫助你掌握你最喜歡的動作，空后“Just because there isn’t a Krav Maga class in your area doesn’t mean you can’t go online to find one led by qualified instructors.(僅僅因?yàn)槟闼诘牡貐^(qū)沒有Krav Maga課程并不意味著你不能在網(wǎng)上找到一個由合格的講師帶領(lǐng)的課程)”提到你所在的地區(qū)沒有Krav Maga課程并不意味著你不能在網(wǎng)上找到一個。綜上可知，空處應(yīng)是在講在網(wǎng)上能不受限制地開展多種多樣的健身活動，故C項(xiàng)“The same goes for different types of exercise.(不同類型的運(yùn)動也是如此。)”符合語境。故選C。
【29題詳解】
根據(jù)第一段最后一句“If you’re considering joining the online fitness community, consider these benefits and drawbacks.(如果你正在考慮加入在線健身社區(qū)，考慮一下這些好處和缺點(diǎn)。)”可知，文章既介紹了在線健身的優(yōu)勢，也介紹了在線健身的劣勢。上文內(nèi)容介紹的是優(yōu)勢，最后一段“Very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you, check your form, and offer corrections based on your performance.(很少有在線健身項(xiàng)目能讓教練看到你，檢查你的狀態(tài)，并根據(jù)你的表現(xiàn)給出糾正。)”介紹的是劣勢。因此空處應(yīng)填一個承上啟下的句子，引出在線健身的不足，故B項(xiàng)“But it’s not without problems.(但是，它也不是沒有問題)”符合語境。故選B。
【30題詳解】
根據(jù)空前“Very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you, check your form, and offer corrections based on your performance.(很少有在線健身項(xiàng)目能讓教練看到你，檢查你的狀態(tài)，并根據(jù)你的表現(xiàn)給出糾正。)”和空后“This is particularly concerning for beginners, as they’re more likely to do incorrectly. (這對初學(xué)者來說尤其重要，因?yàn)樗麄兏赡茏龅貌徽_。)”可知，空處應(yīng)是在線健身項(xiàng)目缺乏面對面指導(dǎo)的結(jié)果。G項(xiàng)“This means you could perform exercises wrongly, or even unsafely, without knowing it.(這意味著你可能在不知情的情況下錯誤地、甚至不安全地進(jìn)行鍛煉。)”說明了缺乏面對面指導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，故選G。
第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié);滿分 30分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共 15小題;每小題 1 分，滿分 15分)
Growing up within the Himalayan abode of snow (喜馬拉雅雪屋), Akeisha was dynamic and ____31____. It was that point of the year when the sky was blue and the sun smiled upon the village. Watching people coming in flocks from near and far made Akeisha ____32____. Her father explained that they all flooded in to ____33____ the mountains. “Someday, I will also be able to climb to the highest of these majestic mountains.” Akeisha declared, a burning ____34____ dancing in her eyes.
But Life had other plans for her. Akeisha ____35____ one leg at 13. Clouds of ____36____ overshadowed her world. “I will ____37____ be ready to climb those mountains,” cried Akeisha. Seeing his little girl in ____38____ the father too was sorrowful, but he did not ____39____ and built her a wooden leg. Akeisha was beside herself with ______40______ a glimmer of hope regained.
“Never say ‘never’. Start climbing the mountains,” said the ______41______ father. Wearing the wooden leg, she walked but fell. She stood up and tried to run, but fell again. But nothing ______42______ the father and the daughter even though the entire village laughed at them. Determined to ______43______ all adversities, Akeisha kept practicing and ______44______ she could run on her own. Five years later, she made it to the highest of the mountains.
Never let words of ______45______ drag you down. Never allow anything to steal your dream.
31. A. creative B. energetic C. considerate D. cautious
32. A. curious B. concerned C. upset D. annoyed
33. A. observe B. conquer C. preserve D. photograph
34. A. fire B. shame C. dream D. question
35. A. cut B. lost C. broke D. twisted
36. A. doubt B. silence C. despair D. loneliness
37. A. never B. always C. finally D. somehow
38. A. grief B. danger C. trouble D. confusion
39. A. take risks B. take measures C. lose temper D. lose heart
40. A. awe B. fear C. delight D. anxiety
41. A. stubborn B. sorrowful C. dedicated D. determined
42. A. puzzled B. impressed C. frustrated D. accompanied
43. A. live with B. win against C. let go of D. make use of
44. A. gradually B. constantly C. frequently D. temporarily
45. A. comfort B. criticism C. complaint D. discouragement
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. D 40. C 41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述一個叫Akeisha的女孩從小就想登上喜馬拉雅的最高峰，但一次意外讓她失去了一條腿。她爸爸為她做了一條木腿并鼓勵她永不放棄，最終Akeisha成功登頂實(shí)現(xiàn)自己夢想。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Akeisha生長在喜馬拉雅冰雪之家，充滿活力且精力充沛。A. creative有創(chuàng)造力的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. considerate體貼的；D. cautious謹(jǐn)慎的。根據(jù)上文“Growing up within the Himalayan abode of snow (喜馬拉雅雪屋)，Akeisha was dynamic and”可知，and連接并列成分，因此可知，Akeisha是充滿活力，精力充沛的女孩。故選B項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看著人們成群結(jié)隊(duì)地從四面八方涌來讓她感到好奇。A. curious好奇的；B. concerned擔(dān)心的；關(guān)心的；C. upset不安的；D. annoyed煩惱的。根據(jù)后文“‘What are these people doing here, father?’ asked Akeisha.”可知，Akeisha對人們來這干什么充滿疑惑。故選A項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父親解釋說，他們蜂擁而來是為了征服那些高山的。A. observe觀察；B. conquer征服；C. preserve保護(hù)；保存；D. photograph拍照。根據(jù)下文“I will also be able to climb to the highest of these majestic mountains.”可推斷，Akeisha的爸爸告訴她那些人來是為了爬那些高山的，也就是征服那些高山的。故選B項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Akeisha說，一個強(qiáng)烈的夢想在她的眼睛里跳舞。A. fire火；B. shame羞恥；C. dream夢想；D. question問題。根據(jù)上文““Someday, I will also be able to climb to the highest of these majestic mountains.” Akeisha declared”可知，Akeisha夢想爬上這些雄偉的高山上的最高峰。故選C項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Akeisha 13歲時失去了一條腿。A. cut砍；B. lost失去；C. broke打碎；D. twisted扭彎。根據(jù)下文“built her a wooden leg”可知，Akeisha失去了一條腿。故選B項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：絕望的烏云籠罩著她的世界。A. doubt懷疑；B. silence沉默；C. despair絕望；D. loneliness孤獨(dú)。根據(jù)前文“Akeisha ____5____ one leg at 13.”可知，Akeisha失去了腿，所以她非常絕望。故選C項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“我永遠(yuǎn)都準(zhǔn)備不好去爬那些山。”，Akeisha哭到。A. never絕不；B. always總是；C. finally最終；最后；D. somehow不知怎的。 根據(jù)上文“Akeisha ____5____ one leg at 13.”可知，Akeisha失去了一條腿，因此推斷她永遠(yuǎn)也不可能去爬那些高山。故選A項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看到他的小女兒悲傷，父親也很悲傷，但他沒有失去信心，給她做了一條木腿。A. grief悲傷；悲痛；B. danger危險；C. trouble麻煩；D. confusion困惑。根據(jù)下文“the father too was sorrowful”以及前文“I will ____7____ be ready to climb those mountains”可知，Akeisha不能爬山，所以她應(yīng)該很痛苦。故選A項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A. take risks冒險；B. take measures采取措施；C. lose temper發(fā)脾氣；D. lose heart失去信心。根據(jù)前文“the father too was sorrowful”和下文“built her a wooden leg”可知，父親沒有失去信心，給女兒制作了假腿。故選D項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Akeisha欣喜若狂，希望的曙光又重新出現(xiàn)了。A. awe敬畏；驚嘆；B. fear恐懼；C. delight高興；D. anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)下文“a glimmer of hope regained”可知，Akeisha非常高興。故選C項(xiàng)。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“永不言放棄，開始爬山”堅(jiān)決的父親說道。A. stubborn頑固的；B. sorrowful悲傷的；C. dedicated專注的；D. determined堅(jiān)決的。根據(jù)前文“‘Never say ‘never’. Start climbing the mountains,’”可知，父親是堅(jiān)決的。故選D項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管全村的人都嘲笑這對父女，但他們并沒有因此而沮喪。A. puzzled使困惑；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. frustrated使沮喪；D. accompanied陪伴。根據(jù)后文“even though the entire village laughed at them”和“Determined”可知，盡管全村村民嘲笑他們愚蠢，但是父女倆沒有沮喪。故選C項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：決心戰(zhàn)勝一切逆境的Akeisha堅(jiān)持練習(xí)，漸漸地她可以自己跑步了。A. live with與……一起生活；B. win against打敗；C. let go of釋放；D. make use of 利用。根據(jù)下文“Five years later, she made it to the highest of the mountains.”可知，Akeisha決心戰(zhàn)勝所有的不適應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. gradually逐漸地；B. constantly不斷地；C. frequently頻繁地；D. temporarily短暫地。根據(jù)前文“Akeisha kept practicing”可知，Akeisha堅(jiān)持練習(xí)，逐漸地能夠獨(dú)自跑了。故選A項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：永遠(yuǎn)不要讓氣餒的話語把你摧毀。A. comfort安慰；B. criticism批判；C. complaint抱怨；D. discouragement使人泄氣的事物；沮喪。根據(jù)下文“Never allow anything to steal your dream.”可知，不要讓任何人偷走你的夢想，不要讓氣餒的話摧毀你。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) (共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面材料，在空白處域入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.
Imagine staring up and seeing a high wall of rock. You take a deep breath and start climbing. You put your hands，feet and knees into small holes and cracks ___46___ the rock and slowly make your way to the top. As you go higher your body gets tired，but you keep climbing. You seek ___47___（forget）about the pain and the fear until you reach the top.
While rock climbing is ___48___ extreme sport，most people use ropes and a harness （背帶）to stay safe. The ropes will catch you if you fall. ___49___ others，like 31-year-old US climber Alex，make rock climbing even ___50___（crazy）. He climbed it without ropes，a harness，or even a helmet. If he ___51___（slip） and fallen，he would have died.
Not everyone ___52___ does rock climbing is as crazy as Alex. Many a person ___53___（do）it safely，or on special indoor walls. It is a great way to build strength. According to The Huffington Post，working out the best way to climb up a wall also helps you develop your problem-solving skills. But Alex says most ___54___（climb）do it for the same reason. "I think the sport makes you powerful，" he said. " ____55____（overcome） your own fears all the time helps deal well with life's other challenges. "
【答案】46. in 47. to forget
48. an 49. But
50. crazier
51. had slipped
52. who/that
53. does 54. climbers
55. Overcoming
【解析】
【分析】本文是說明文。文章說明了一般人攀巖時應(yīng)該采取一些保護(hù)措施。但是美國的攀巖者Alex攀巖時不要任何保護(hù)。
【46題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：你把你的手、腳和膝蓋放進(jìn)巖石上的小洞和裂縫里，然后慢慢地爬上去。此處指的是“巖石上的洞”，應(yīng)該用介詞in。 故填in。
【47題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：你試圖忘記痛苦和恐懼，直到你到達(dá)頂峰。短語seek to do…“試圖做……”，seek后接不定式作賓語。故填to forget。
【48題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：攀巖是一項(xiàng)極限運(yùn)動，大多數(shù)人用繩子和安全帶保證安全。sport是可數(shù)名詞；此處用不定冠詞an表示數(shù)量，意思為“一種”；extreme的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，因此用不定冠詞an。故填an。
【49題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：但其他人，比如31歲的美國攀巖者 Alex，讓攀巖更瘋狂。上文說“The ropes will catch you if you fall.（如果你掉下去，繩子會套住你）”，下文說“He climbed it without ropes，a harness，or even a helmet.（他攀巖不要繩子、背帶甚至頭盔）”。上下文之間是語義上的轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 故填 But。
【50題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：但其他人，比如31歲的美國攀巖者 Alex，讓攀巖更瘋狂?？涨坝衑ven，修飾形容詞比較級，因此crazy應(yīng)用比較級形式。故填crazier。
【51題詳解】
考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果他滑下來摔倒了，他就會死的。根據(jù)“he would have died”可知，此句是對過去情況的虛擬，if從句應(yīng)用過去完成時；slip的過去分詞需雙寫-p，再加-ed。故填had slipped。
52題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：不是每個攀巖的人都像Aelx一樣瘋狂。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“___7___ does rock climbing”是定語從句，先行詞是everyone，指人，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)用who/that。故填who/that。
【53題詳解】
考查主謂一致。句意：很多人都安全地攀巖，或者在特殊的室內(nèi)墻壁上（進(jìn)行）。全文用一般現(xiàn)在時，此處也用一般現(xiàn)在時；“many a+單數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故填does。
【54題詳解】
考查可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：但Alex說大多數(shù)登山者都是為了同樣的原因。 根據(jù)句意，此處意思為“登山者”，在句中作主語；climb是動詞，“登山者”是climber；空前有most修飾， climber應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填climbers。
【55題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：一直克服自己的恐懼有助于很好地應(yīng)對生活中的其他挑戰(zhàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“___10___（overcome）your own fears all the time”在句中作主語，overcome應(yīng)用動名詞形式。故填Overcoming。
第四部分 作文 (共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫作 (滿分15分)
56. 假定你是學(xué)生會主席李華，當(dāng)前新型冠狀病毒肆虐，疫情蔓延全國，甚至波及全球，對我們的學(xué)習(xí)生活造成很大影響。寒假將至，國家倡導(dǎo)“科學(xué)防疫，做自己健康的第一責(zé)任人”，請你圍繞 “從小事做起，共戰(zhàn)疫情” 這一主題，給全校學(xué)生寫一封英文倡議書。要點(diǎn)如下：
1. 倡議的原因和目的；
2. 倡議的具體內(nèi)容；
3. 發(fā)出倡議。
注意:
1、詞數(shù)80左右；
2、開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；
3、可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear schoolmates,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Union
【答案】Dear schoolmates,
Over the past few months, the COVID-19 has made its way around China, even spreading all over the world. It has a strong impact on our life and study. Faced with such crisis, we should respond actively to ease the serious condition. So all students had better do as follows.
First of all, stay at home and don’t go out unless necessary, which is beneficial to ourselves and others. Second, do wear protective masks outdoors and wash hands as often as possible, which can reduce the risk of being infected. Most importantly, everyone ought to have a positive attitude towards the fight against the disease.
My dear friends, there may be a long way to go for us. Let’s work hand in hand to overcome anxiety and do some bits. And we have faith in the fact that we will win soon.
Students’ Union
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。假定你是學(xué)生會主席李華，當(dāng)前新型冠狀病毒肆虐，疫情蔓延全國，甚至波及全球，對我們的學(xué)習(xí)生活造成很大影響。寒假將至，國家倡導(dǎo)“科學(xué)防疫，做自己健康的第一責(zé)任人”，請你圍繞 “從小事做起，共戰(zhàn)疫情” 這一主題，給全校學(xué)生寫一封英文倡議書。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
影響：impact→influence
應(yīng)該：ought to→should
積極的：positive→optimistic
有益的：beneficial→helpful
2.句式拓展
合并簡單句
原句：Over the past few months, the COVID-19 has made its way around China, even spreading all over the world. It has a strong impact on our life and study.
拓展句：Over the past few months, the COVID-19, which has a strong impact on our life and study, has made its way around China, even spreading all over the world.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Over the past few months, the COVID-19 has made its way around China, even spreading all over the world. (運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)
[高分句型2] And we have faith in the fact that we will win soon. (運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)同位語從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分 25 分)
57. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整短文。
It wasn’t fair.
Aminah always studied hard, so there was nothing unusual about her receiving top marks at the end of the year. But Farhan was often playing with the village boys when he should have been studying. To help motivate him this year, their father had promised to buy him a bicycle if his grades improved.
Aminah was sure that even this generous offer wouldn’t change her brother’s habits. But when Farhan started staying home and studying, everyone was surprised.
At the end of the school year, Aminah received top marks as she always did. And, as usual, her parents gave her 100 rupees (盧比) as a reward.
For the first time, Farhan got top marks too. True to his word, their father came home with a bicycle. It was well used, and much of the paint had been chipped (脫落) off. But to Farhan, it was the most beautiful bicycle in their country. Farhan’s friends cheered when they saw it. It was understood that something as precious as a bicycle would be shared with everyone.
Well, almost everyone.
After a few days of watching Farhan and the village boys learning to ride, Aminah and her friends grew bitter. They spent afternoons on the hill just north of the village, sitting in the shade of a mango tree and watching the lazy stream flow at the foot of the hill. They could hear the boys cheering and laughing on the other side of the hill.
“Why doesn’t he let us ride, Aminah?” asked Fatima. Aminah shrugged (聳肩), trying to act as if she didn’t care.
“He and the other boys just want the bicycle all for themselves!” replied Shehnaz. Sarah shook her head. “But Aminah is his sister! He should share with her.” An older sister commanded respect.
As they talked, the boys’ screams grew closer. Aminah looked up and saw her brother on his bicycle at the top of the hill. “Look! I can do it!” Farhan yelled at the top of his lungs. He had finally gotten the hang of it. The boys cheered as he began to speed up.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2. 請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Suddenly Farhan lost control of the bicycle, heading in the direction of the girls, toward the stream.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Farhan looked at Aminah then at his bicycle, then back at his sister.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Suddenly, Farhan lost control of the bicycle, heading in the direction of the girls, toward the stream. “Help! Help! I can’t control its speed,” Farhan cried at the top of his voice. So nervous and frightened was Farhan that he had no idea how to stop the bicycle. Seeing the bike running at breakneck speed toward them, all the girls but Aminah shouted with fright and then ran away to avoid being hit. However, it was at the very moment that Aminah stood in the middle of the road, trying to pull the bike to slow down with all her strength. Finally, the bike stopped with no one being hurt.
Farhan looked at Aminah, then at his bicycle, then back at his sister. He scratched his head, asking, “Aren’t you afraid of being hit?” “I could run away, but you’re my brother. I can’t leave you in danger,” Aminah replied in a determined voice. Hearing the words, he felt a sense of warmth welling up inside his body with tears of gratitude streaming down his cheeks. It hit him that he didn’t share his joy of getting the bike with his sister, let alone invite her to have a ride. Ashamed and guilty, he looked sincerely at his sister, “Would you like to have a try? I can teach you how to ride.” “Sure!”, Aminah agreed with delight. All boys and girls present cheered and laughed. After that, Farhan shared everything he had with his sister.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了法爾漢因成績的提升而獲得父親獎勵的一輛自行車，在獲得自行車后法爾漢和他的朋友一起分享這種喜悅，而他的姐姐阿米娜卻沒有機(jī)會騎一下。而有一次法爾漢突然騎車失控，就在要撞到溪流時，他姐姐挺身而出，幫他穩(wěn)住了車。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“突然，法爾漢失去了對自行車的控制，朝著女孩們的方向，朝著小溪?！笨芍?，第一段可描述車剎不住要沖向溪流的緊張而危險的場景，以及阿米娜出手相助。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“法爾漢看了看阿米娜，又看了看他的自行車，然后又看了看他的姐姐。”可知，第二段可描述在姐姐幫他停住車后，法爾漢感激姐姐的挺身而出，并邀請姐姐騎車。
2.續(xù)寫線索：沖向溪流——站出來——用力攔車——車停下——感謝——邀請——感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①叫喊：cry/shout/yell
②詢問：ask/inquire
③涌上來：well up/flood over
情緒類
①害怕的：firghtened/scared
②羞愧的：ashamed/shamefaced
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] So nervous and frightened was Farhan that he had no idea how to stop the bicycle.（由so...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)）
[高分句型2] It hit him that he didn’t share his joy of getting the bike with his sister, let alone invite her to have a ride.（由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句）

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這是一份廣東省深圳市人大附中深圳學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題，共10頁。

2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市人大附中深圳學(xué)校高一上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題含答案：

這是一份2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省深圳市人大附中深圳學(xué)校高一上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題含答案，文件包含精品解析廣東省深圳市人大附中深圳學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題原卷版docx、精品解析廣東省深圳市人大附中深圳學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題解析版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共47頁， 歡迎下載使用。

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精品解析：廣東省深圳市龍崗區(qū)德琳學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月期中英語試題（解析版）
精品解析：廣東省人大附中深圳學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

精品解析：廣東省人大附中深圳學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）
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