?人大附中深圳學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末考試
高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)試卷
說明：本試卷有4個(gè)部分67道小題，共10頁(yè)，考試用時(shí)120分鐘，滿分130分，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上作答，選擇題用2B鉛筆填涂，要求把選項(xiàng)填黑填滿，主觀題用0.5黑色簽字筆答題，主觀題要答寫在對(duì)應(yīng)題框內(nèi)，不在框內(nèi)答題無效。
第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)(共10個(gè)小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10分)
單項(xiàng)選擇 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
1. I read about a job advertisement in the newspaper which said that the salary is ________.
A. awe-inspiring B. massive C. essential D. negotiable
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我在報(bào)紙上看到一則招聘廣告，上面說薪水面議。A.awe-inspiring令人敬畏的；B. massive大量的；C. essential重要的、必需的；D. negotiable可協(xié)商的。結(jié)合句意可知，空處指“可協(xié)商的”。故選D。
2. Nowadays competition between the youth to enter the top universities is ________.
A. intense B. complicated C. remarkable D. delicate
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，年輕人進(jìn)入頂尖大學(xué)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈。A. intense激烈的；B. complicated復(fù)雜的；C. remarkable非凡的；D. delicate脆弱的。根據(jù)上文“competition between the youth to enter the top universities is”指競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈。故選A。
3. When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned ________.
A. in brief B. in an instant C. in contrast D. in a row
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)你看看他們的新系統(tǒng)時(shí)，相比之下，我們的系統(tǒng)似乎很過時(shí)。A. in brief簡(jiǎn)而言之；B. in an instant立即；C. in contrast相比之下；D. in a row成一行。根據(jù)上文“new system(新系統(tǒng))”以及下文“ours seems very old-fashioned(我們的系統(tǒng)似乎很過時(shí))”可知上下文形成鮮明對(duì)比，空白處應(yīng)填表示“相比之下”含義的介詞短語(yǔ)，故選C項(xiàng)。
4. If you are old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes, you should be allowed to ________ on how the government spends them.
A. pay off B. have a say C. fall behind D. do the trick
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果你足夠大了能掙工資和納稅，你應(yīng)該被允許對(duì)政府如何支出有發(fā)言權(quán)。A. pay off付清；B. have a say有發(fā)言權(quán)；C. fall behind落后；D. do the trick達(dá)到預(yù)期效果。根據(jù)上文“to earn a wage and pay taxes(掙工資和納稅)”以及下文“how the government spends them(政府如何支出)”可知，上下文說的是應(yīng)被允許對(duì)政府如何支出納稅人交的錢有發(fā)言權(quán)，空白處應(yīng)填“有發(fā)言權(quán)”含義的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，故選B項(xiàng)。
5. The purpose of the program supported by the government is ________ a lot of new jobs.
A. generating B. having generated C. to generate D. to be generated
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查不定式作表語(yǔ)。句意：政府支持的這個(gè)計(jì)劃的目的是創(chuàng)造大量新的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)?？仗幖爸蟮膬?nèi)容在句中作表語(yǔ)。不定式作表語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作將會(huì)發(fā)生。分析句子可知，這里表示這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的是要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，所以動(dòng)作將會(huì)發(fā)生，且表示主動(dòng)行為，選項(xiàng)C符合題意，故選C。
6. —What do you think of the book?
—Oh, excellent. It’s worthy ________ a second time. What’s more, the ideas in the book are worth ________.
A. to read; discussing B. to be read; to discuss
C. reading; of being discussed D. of being read; discussing
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：——你覺得這本書怎么樣？——哦,太好了。這本書值得再讀一遍。更重要的是，書中的觀點(diǎn)值得討論。第一空短語(yǔ)be worthy of doing sth.，且read與it構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用being done形式；第二空為短語(yǔ)be worth doing sth.。故選D。
7. Hardly ________ to the office ________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
A. I went; when B. did I go; then C. had I gone; when D. I had gone; then
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查倒裝和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：我一到辦公室，我妻子打電話叫我馬上回家。分析句子可知，這里考查hardly/rarely...when表“一……就……”。當(dāng)hardly/rarely在句首時(shí), 主句使用部分倒裝。該句型的基本用法為：hardly/rarely had+主語(yǔ)+ done...when+主語(yǔ)+did...。選項(xiàng)C符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。
8. By the time he realizes he ________ into a trap, it will be too late for him to do anything about it.
A. had walked B. has walked C. has been walking D. will have walked
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他意識(shí)到自己陷入了陷阱時(shí)，他采取任何行動(dòng)都為時(shí)已晚。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，“he realizes he ________ into a trap”為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是time，“he ________ into a trap”為賓語(yǔ)從句，空白處在賓語(yǔ)從句中做謂語(yǔ)，因空白處表示的動(dòng)作在其主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞realize之前發(fā)生，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B項(xiàng)。
9. There are 2,000 workers in our factory, two thirds of ________ are women.
A. which B. whom C. them D. who
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們廠有2000名工人，其中三分之二是女性。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個(gè)包含非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是workers指人，所以空白處應(yīng)填whom，作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，故選B項(xiàng)。
10. I’m wondering ________ it is that has made Vivian ________ she is today.
A. what; that B. what; what C. what; which D. that; what
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句、賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：我想知道是什么讓薇薇安成為今天的這個(gè)樣子的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個(gè)包含強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)和賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)空白處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容，使用what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作主語(yǔ)；第二個(gè)空白處在賓語(yǔ)從句中做表語(yǔ)表示內(nèi)容，使用what連接賓語(yǔ)從句，故選B項(xiàng)。
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
If you’d like to show off your artistic talents and win awards, here are several art contests to enter. The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards Entries usually open in September and close in December or January. The fee for entering is $7 per entry. The art contest is open to students in the US, Canada, or American schools abroad in grades 7-12 who are at least 13 years old.
The winners will receive prizes that include publication, exhibition, and educational scholarships worth up to $10,000.
The Congressional Art Competition
Children in 7th and 8th grade in the US are encouraged to submit paintings, drawings, photographs with any theme. Entries are accepted each spring. There is no fee for entering this art contest.
The winners will have their artwork publicly displayed at the Capitol for a year, and are also honored at an awards show in DC.
Doodle for Google Art Contest
Open to children in grades K-12 in the world, this free annual contest asks kids to send in works that fit a specific theme. It begins at the start of each year and lasts until October 4. Entries will be judged on the basis of creativity and fit to the theme.
The grand prize includes a $30,000 scholarship.
Artists Magazine Annual Art Competition
The contest is open to anyone who is at least 16 years old. Entries must be submitted online, and the deadline each year is in mid-May. The fees are $40 per image. You can save $5 per image by entering early in the competition.
This art contest gives away thousands of dollars in cash prizes, publicity including publication in Artists Magazine, and scholarships to improve your art.
11. How is The Congressional Art Competition special?
A. It is free of charge. B. It takes place every year.
C. It offers the most cash prizes. D. It is only open to American kids.
12. Which contest has a certain theme?
A. Doodle for Google Art Contest. B. The Congressional Art Competition.
C. The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards. D. Artists Magazine Annual Art Competition.
13. How does Artists Magazine encourage participating?
A. By giving free awards. B. By reducing the entry fee.
C. By providing one-to-one help. D. By pushing back the deadline.
【答案】11 D 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些藝術(shù)比賽活動(dòng)，包括舉辦時(shí)間、參賽要求以及獎(jiǎng)品等內(nèi)容。
【11題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Congressional Art Competition部分“Children in 7th and 8th grade in the US are encouraged to submit paintings, drawings, photographs with any theme.(美國(guó)7年級(jí)和8年級(jí)的孩子被鼓勵(lì)提交任何主題的繪畫、素描和照片)”可知，這項(xiàng)比賽僅僅針對(duì)美國(guó)兒童。故選D。
【12題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Doodle for Google Art Contest部分“Open to children in grades K-12 in the world, this free annual contest asks kids to send in works that fit a specific theme.(這項(xiàng)免費(fèi)的年度競(jìng)賽面向全球K-12年級(jí)的兒童開放，要求孩子們提交符合特定主題的作品)”可知，這項(xiàng)比賽要求發(fā)送的作品需符合某一個(gè)特定的主題。故選A。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Artists Magazine Annual Art Competition部分“The fees are $40 per image. You can save $5 per image by entering early in the competition.(每張圖片收費(fèi)40美元。你可以通過盡早參加比賽而使每張圖片節(jié)省5美元)”可知，這項(xiàng)比賽通過減少報(bào)名費(fèi)而鼓勵(lì)人們參賽。故選B。
B
As an only child, Nicole Renae often felt lonely in her youth. But that all changed when she turned ten. For her birthday, Renae’s grandmother surprised her with an adorable gray puppy named Chloe.
From the very start, the two were inseparable. Chloe would lick Renae’s face forever unless stopped. But when Renae was 14, her father got a new band worked from home. Then the house needed to be free of distractions. “Chloe was very noisy,” Renae says. “With no easier option, my family had to surrender Chloe to a humane society.”
In time, Renae grew up, got married, and had a child of her own. Remembering the joy that having a dog had brought her as a kid, Renae wanted her daughter to experience the same. She had it in her mind that she would one day adopt a puppy, but then she saw a post on Facebook about a senior dog that needed a new home. The dog in the photograph looked a lot like Chloe, and she was even named Chloe. In an instant it was decided that she would adopt this older dog.
When she met Chloe, Renae was struck with an uncanny (離奇的)feeling. The dog seemed so familiar. “She ran up to me and started licking my face,” she says. Chloe reminded Renae so much of her old dog that the emotion overwhelmed her. “I was crying,” Renae says. “I just knew in my heart that it was her.” Still, eight years had passed since Renae had seen Chloe last, so the thought seemed to be little more than wishful thinking. “My whole family thought I was nuts,” Renae says.
But Renae’s mom realized there was a way to test the theory: Their Chloe had been microchipped as a puppy. They found the ID number, then Renae took her new Chloe to the vet to be scanned. Sure enough, she also had a microchip.
“The numbers were a match,” Renae says. Renae was overjoyed to have Chloe back. “She knows that she’ll be with me forever.”
14. Why did Renae’s family send Chloe to a humane society?
A. To avoid Chloe licking Renae too much.
B. To find Chloe a new owner.
C. To leave Renae’s father undisturbed.
D. To get Chloe better trained.
15. What was the first reaction of Renae’s family when she claimed the dog was her Chloe?
A. They expressed their great support for Renae.
B. They thought that Renae’s idea was crazy.
C. They wished Renae had reminded them earlier.
D. They felt extremely sympathetic to Chloe.
16. How did Renae determine Chloe’s identity?
A. By reading a post on Facebook.
B. By recognizing her in the photo.
C. By checking her microchip number.
D. By having her treated by the vet.
17. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Close Friends to Humans B. A Faithful Dog C. Forever Love to Pets D. A Perfect Match
【答案】14 C 15. B 16. C 17. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述的是Nicole Renae想為自己女兒收養(yǎng)一只幼犬，結(jié)果在Facebook上看到老年犬Chloe需要一位新主人。想到兒時(shí)陪伴自己的同名犬Chloe，Renae毫不猶豫收養(yǎng)了她。令Renae一家人驚喜的是，經(jīng)過驗(yàn)證，她就是曾陪伴過Renae的Chloe。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“But when Renae was 14, her father got a new band worked from home. Then the house needed to be free of distractions. “Chloe was very noisy,” Renae says. “With no easier option, my family had to surrender Chloe to a humane society.”(但當(dāng)蕾妮14歲時(shí)，她父親在家里組建了一支新樂隊(duì)。房子需要沒有干擾?！癈hloe非常吵鬧，”蕾妮說。“沒有更容易的選擇，我的家人不得不把Chloe交給一個(gè)人道的社會(huì)?！?”可知，Renae爸爸居家辦公需要安靜環(huán)境，而Chloe比較吵，所以只能把Chloe送走，給爸爸留下不被打擾的空間。故選C。
【15題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Still, eight years had passed since Renae had seen Chloe last, so the thought seemed to be little more than wishful thinking. “My whole family thought I was nuts,” Renae says.(然而，Renae最后一次見到Chloe是八年前，所以這個(gè)想法似乎只是一廂情愿?！拔胰叶颊J(rèn)為我瘋了，”Renae說)”可知，Renae認(rèn)為Chloe是自己以前那條狗讓她的家人認(rèn)為這個(gè)想法很瘋狂。故選B。
【16題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Their Chloe had been microchipped as a puppy. They found the ID number, then Renae took her new Chloe to the vet to be scanned. Sure enough, she also had a microchip.(他們的Chloe在幼犬時(shí)期就被植入了微芯片。他們找到了身份證號(hào)碼，然后Renae把她的新Chloe帶到獸醫(yī)那里接受掃描。果然，她也有一個(gè)微芯片)”和最后一段的“The numbers were a match,(號(hào)碼匹配上了)”可知，Chloe的身份是通過核對(duì)電子身份證號(hào)碼確定的。故選C。
【17題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文講述的是Nicole Renae想為自己女兒收養(yǎng)一只幼犬，結(jié)果在Facebook上看到老年犬Chloe需要一位新主人。想到兒時(shí)陪伴自己的同名犬Chloe，Renae毫不猶豫收養(yǎng)了她。令Renae一家人驚喜的是，經(jīng)過驗(yàn)證，她就是曾陪伴過Renae的Chloe。結(jié)合最后一段的“The numbers were a match,(號(hào)碼匹配上了)”可知，D項(xiàng)“完美的匹配”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。
C
Supermarket shoppers could soon be checking the environmental impact of food before putting it in their trolleys, thanks to a new research.
Many consumers want to know how their weekly food shop affects the planet. However, reliable information of this kind hasn’t been available because food companies only have to list their main ingredients (原料). The food industry has also been crying out for a new tool and this algorithm (運(yùn)算法則), which is already being used by some companies to make their meals more eco-friendly, helps fill the gap.
Dr Mike Clark, who led the research at Oxford University, called the tool “a significant step towards providing information that could enable informed decision-making”. The team estimated the composition of 57,000 foods and drinks in supermarkets. It then assessed the impact of growing methods, processing and transport, against key environmental measures including greenhouse gas emissions and impacts on nature. Finally, an eco-score was worked out.
However, the analysis has limits. Under the algorithm, the higher the score, the higher the environmental impact. As expected, foods containing more meat and dairy (乳制品) score much higher than those with more plant-based ingredients. But there was wide variation within specific types. For example, the highest-impact pork sausage scored about a third higher than the least one. And the impact of biscuits rose the more chocolate they contained.
COOK, a frozen food producer looking to diversify away from meat, has worked with the researchers. It wants to explore whether putting eco-labels on its products would help customers embrace a more sustainable diet.
An official from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs welcomed the plan. “We want to give everyone the information to make healthier, greener and more sustainable choices with the food they buy.” However, the researchers don’t foresee eco-labelling becoming compulsory (義務(wù)的) in the near future. They want firms to adopt it voluntarily, something they believe would make a difference to the food industry in cutting their environmental footprint.
18. What does the underlined phrase “the gap” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Companies’ lack of requirements to label their ingredients.
B. Companies’ lack of tools to make their meals more eco-friendly.
C. Customers’ lack of habits of checking the environmental impact of food.
D. Customers’ lack of reliable information about the environmental impact of food.
19. What is mainly introduced in paragraph 3?
A. How the tool helped work out an eco-score.
B. How the tool was significant to decision-making.
C. How the foods and drinks have an influence on nature.
D. How the team estimated the composition of foods and drinks.
20. What does the author want to convey by the examples in paragraph 4?
A. Higher score indicates higher environmental impact.
B. There can be varied scores within the same type.
C. Small changes in ingredients could make big differences.
D. Plant-based ingredients score lower than meat and dairy.
21. Why do the researchers agree it is up to firms to adopt eco-labelling?
A. They are not confident in their research.
B. Producers are still doubtful about it.
C. They expect voluntary actions.
D. The government does not approve of it.
【答案】18. D 19. A 20. B 21. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新研究，能夠讓消費(fèi)者把食物放進(jìn)購(gòu)物車之前檢查食物對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。
【18題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Many consumers want to know how their weekly food shop affects the planet. However, reliable information of this kind hasn’t been available because food companies only have to list their main ingredients (原料).(許多消費(fèi)者想知道他們每周購(gòu)買的食物對(duì)地球有何影響。然而，由于食品公司只需要列出他們的主要成分，這類可靠的信息一直無法獲得)”的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，消費(fèi)者了解碳足跡的意愿和商家是否愿意透露商品信息之間存在信息差。所以the gap指的是“消費(fèi)者缺乏關(guān)于食品對(duì)環(huán)境影響的可靠信息”。故選D。
【19題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Dr Mike Clark, who led the research at Oxford University, called the tool “a significant step towards providing information that could enable informed decision-making”. The team estimated the composition of 57,000 foods and drinks in supermarkets. It then assessed the impact of growing methods, processing and transport, against key environmental measures including greenhouse gas emissions and impacts on nature. Finally, an eco-score was worked out.(牛津大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項(xiàng)研究的麥克·克拉克博士稱該工具是“向提供信息以做出明智決策邁出的重要一步”。研究小組估計(jì)了超市中57000種食品和飲料的成分。然后，根據(jù)溫室氣體排放和對(duì)自然的影響等關(guān)鍵環(huán)境措施，評(píng)估了種植方法、加工和運(yùn)輸?shù)挠绊?。最后，?jì)算出一個(gè)生態(tài)評(píng)分)”可知，第三段主要介紹了這個(gè)工具是如何幫助計(jì)算出生態(tài)評(píng)分的。故選A。
【20題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“As expected, foods containing more meat and dairy (乳制品) score much higher than those with more plant-based ingredients. But there was wide variation within specific types. For example, the highest-impact pork sausage scored about a third higher than the least one. And the impact of biscuits rose the more chocolate they contained.(正如預(yù)期的那樣，含有更多肉類和乳制品的食物比含有更多植物性成分的食物得分高得多。但在特定類型中存在很大差異。例如，影響最大的豬肉香腸比影響最小的豬肉香腸得分高約三分之一。餅干中巧克力含量越多，其影響就越大)”可知，第四段的兩個(gè)例子是為了說明在相同種類之中計(jì)算出來的得分也會(huì)不一樣。故選B。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However, the researchers don’t foresee eco-labelling becoming compulsory (義務(wù)的) in the near future. They want firms to adopt it voluntarily, something they believe would make a difference to the food industry in cutting their environmental footprint.(然而，研究人員并不認(rèn)為生態(tài)標(biāo)簽在不久的將來會(huì)成為強(qiáng)制性的。他們希望企業(yè)自愿采用，他們相信這將對(duì)食品行業(yè)減少環(huán)境足跡產(chǎn)生影響)”可知，研究人員期待企業(yè)自愿采用這種方法。故選C。
D
Growing up as kids we are told to share our toys and not to be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new trends growing all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?
“Oversharing” has become associated with social media, but it isn’t exclusive to this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?
Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理學(xué)), says the more details people uncover, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be.
However, Dr. Hand’s research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-only if the posts that we share are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives. It makes sense-if your date is going “that well”, would you really have time to share a photo with text?
So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.
22. What does the underlined word “exclusive” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Unique. B. Similar. C. Relevant D. Distinct.
23. Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties?
A. To draw others’ attention. B. To satisfy others’ curiosity.
C. To remove negative feelings. D. To develop good relationships.
24. Which of the following may Dr. Hand agree with?
A. Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy.
B. Oversharing negative experiences is equal to crying for help.
C. Oversharing isn’t likely to happen online when things go wrong.
D. Sharing negative posts can’t help one become socially attractive.
25. According to the text, what should be avoided for online sharing?
A. Reflecting on past bad manners. B. Showing a great many expensive goods.
C. Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast. D. Recording unforgettable moments with friends.
【答案】22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章議論了社交媒體上的過度分享現(xiàn)象。論述了過度分享可能導(dǎo)致的問題以及應(yīng)該避免發(fā)布哪種內(nèi)容的帖子。
【22題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文““Oversharing” has become associated with social media,(“過度分享”已經(jīng)和社交媒體聯(lián)系在一起了)”以及下文“Imagine you head to a party and meet someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone.(想象一下你去參加一個(gè)聚會(huì)，遇到了一個(gè)人。不到五分鐘，他們就透露了自己生活的私人細(xì)節(jié)?；橐鲱檰柨辶?科爾表示，雖然我們中的一些人可能會(huì)試圖避開這些人，但這種過度分享的形式可能來自與某人聯(lián)系的強(qiáng)烈愿望)”可知，“過度分享”并不是這個(gè)平臺(tái)獨(dú)有的。故畫線詞exclusive為“獨(dú)有的”之意。故選A。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. (婚姻顧問卡洛琳?科爾表示，雖然我們中的一些人可能會(huì)試圖避開這些人，但這種過度分享的形式可能來自與某人聯(lián)系的強(qiáng)烈愿望)”可知，有些人喜歡在聚會(huì)上過度分享是為了發(fā)展良好的關(guān)系。故選D。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However, Dr. Hand’s research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. (然而，漢德博士的研究似乎也表明，我們?cè)谄脚_(tái)上發(fā)布的帖子越多，我們的社交吸引力就越大——前提是我們發(fā)布的帖子都是積極的)”可知，分享負(fù)面帖子并不能幫助一個(gè)人在社交上變得有吸引力，漢德博士可能會(huì)同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。故選D。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“However, Dr. Hand’s research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives.(然而，漢德博士的研究似乎也表明，我們?cè)谄脚_(tái)上發(fā)布的帖子越多，我們的社交吸引力就越大——前提是我們發(fā)布的帖子都是積極的。早在2015年，格溫多林·塞德曼博士就說過，我們應(yīng)該避免在網(wǎng)上抱怨和消極。我們也應(yīng)該避免炫耀，尤其是在我們的愛情生活上)”和最后一段“They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.(他們可能會(huì)很高興告訴你，如果你的帖子是關(guān)于你的早餐，或者你抱怨你真的太缺錢)”可推斷，展示許多昂貴的商品屬于過度炫耀，應(yīng)該避免。故選B。
第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known. ___26___“A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the 1ong run,” says preventive cardiologist (心臟病學(xué)家) Dr. Beth Abramson, a spokesperson for the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.
Get eight hours of sleep. “When you’re not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more stressful,” says Dr.Arya Sharma, founder of the Canadian Obesity Network. If we’re short of sleep, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation (炎癥) and blood sugar levels.___27___
Engage in volunteer work.___28___ Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in 1ife is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke. “We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health,” adds Sharma. “Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network.”
___29___ A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who had a substantial morning meal. One possible reason: “If you’re eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices,” says Abramson. “We need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.”___30___
A. Eat breakfast.
B. But others may not have crossed your mind.
C. Volunteering might even increase your physical activity.
D. These factors can all have an impact on heart and blood health.
E. Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit.
F. Eat healthy food rich in protein and fiber but low in fat and sugar
G. Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress.
【答案】26. B 27. D 28. G 29. A 30. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹三種人們意想不到促進(jìn)心臟健康的方法。
【26題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.(多達(dá)80%的過早的心臟病是可以通過選擇特定的生活方式來預(yù)防的。有些策略，如鍛煉和控制體重，是眾所周知的。)”和后文““A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the 1ong run,” says preventive cardiologist (心臟病學(xué)家) Dr. Beth Abramson, a spokesperson for the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.(加拿大心臟和中風(fēng)基金會(huì)發(fā)言人、預(yù)防心臟病專家貝絲·艾布拉姆森博士說：“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，日常生活中的一個(gè)小改變可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的影響?！?”可知，一些健康的生活方式是眾所周知的，但其它的或許你不會(huì)想到，前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“But others may not have crossed your mind.(但你可能沒想過其它的。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B。
【27題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“If we’re short of sleep, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation (炎癥) and blood sugar levels. (如果我們睡眠不足，我們的身體也更難控制血壓、炎癥和血糖水平。)”可知，沒有充足的睡眠會(huì)導(dǎo)致身體健康問題，當(dāng)然也會(huì)對(duì)心臟健康產(chǎn)生影響。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“These factors can all have an impact on heart and blood health. (這些因素都會(huì)對(duì)心臟和血液健康產(chǎn)生影響。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D。
【28題詳解】
根據(jù)本段中心句“Engage in volunteer work.(參加志愿者工作。)”和后文“Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in 1ife is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke. 'We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health,' adds Sharma. 'Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network.'(2016年發(fā)表在《心身醫(yī)學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)研究表明，生活的目標(biāo)感與心臟病和中風(fēng)的較低可能性有關(guān)?！拔覀冎拦陋?dú)是心臟健康的一個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，”沙瑪補(bǔ)充說。“志愿活動(dòng)讓你走出家門，建立社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)?！?”可知，參加志愿者活動(dòng)，可以減少孤獨(dú)感，緩解壓力，從而預(yù)防心臟病的發(fā)生。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. (為他人做好事可以幫助你提升自尊，緩解壓力。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G。
【29題詳解】
這里是本段的小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)后文“A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who had a substantial morning meal. One possible reason: 'If you’re eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices,' says Abramson. (《美國(guó)心臟病學(xué)會(huì)雜志》最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，不吃早餐的健康人6年后患心臟病的可能性幾乎是那些吃豐盛早餐的人的三倍。一個(gè)可能的原因是：“如果你吃了一頓合適的早餐，你稍后就不太可能感到饑餓，也不太可能做出糟糕的食物選擇，”艾布拉姆松說。)”可知，本段主要介紹吃早餐對(duì)心臟的好處。所以選擇項(xiàng)A“Eat breakfast. (吃早餐。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選A。
【30題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“We need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle. (作為健康生活方式的一部分，我們需要均衡飲食。)”可知，這里對(duì)均衡飲食作了具體的說明。所以選擇項(xiàng)E“Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit. (選擇全麥，低脂的早餐，包括水果。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
I walked through the Prudential Center wearing my old black sweat pants and a simple T-shirt. Then the bright lights from the window nearby ____31____ my eye and I came near to it. The shop was ____32____ with the new collections and some classics. That was when I saw those beautiful but ____33____ Gucci T-shirts. The green and red strips, a key ____34____ of any Gucci product that everybody knows, shouted so loud that I could hear their cries through the ____35____. What’s more, all of the pictures of those Gucci T-shirts I had seen ____36____ me that I needed them.
But then I collected my thoughts and asked myself, “Do I truly ____37____ the design of them, or do I want them just for ____38____ to let my friends and even strangers notice that I have Gucci T-shirts? After thinking ____39____, I figured out that those items aren’t really _____40_____ to me and that they would not help me improve myself.
In my opinion it is _____41_____ to rely on luxuries to make us feel special._____42_____, not only do these brands lead us to spend a lot of money, but they also fool us into thinking these items are going to make us get _____43_____ by a particular group. A sense of true _____44_____ should come from what you have added to the world and how you have _____45_____ other people’s lives in a good way.
31. A. hurt B. caught C. opened D. confused
32. A. covered B. connected C. filled D. faced
33. A. expensive B. fashionable C. simple D. graceful
34. A. message B. proof C. function D. element
35. A. glass B. street C. corner D. shop
36. A. comforted B. educated C. reminded D. promised
37. A. remember B. approve C. oppose D. appreciate
38. A. curiosity B. pleasure C. use D. show
39. A. suddenly B. gradually C. carefully D. hurriedly
40. A. important B. funny C. enough D. limited
41. A. unfair B. dishonest C. unhealthy D. inconvenient
42. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
43. A. denied B. recognized C. avoided D. annoyed
44. A. security B. duty C. belonging D. value
45. A. saved B. influenced C. arranged D. controlled
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者路過一家古馳T恤商店，原本打算進(jìn)去買一件，但是仔細(xì)思考后認(rèn)為這些東西對(duì)作者來說并不重要，也不會(huì)幫助作者提高自己。作者認(rèn)為真正的價(jià)值感應(yīng)該來自于你為世界所做的貢獻(xiàn)，以及你如何以良好的方式影響他人的生活。
【31題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，附近窗戶的明亮燈光吸引了我的注意，我走近了它。A. hurt疼；B. caught吸引；C. opened打開；D. confused使迷惑。根據(jù)上文“the bright lights from the window nearby(附近窗戶的明亮燈光)”以及下文“I came near to it(我走近了它)”可知，燈光吸引作者走近了它，即它吸引了作者的注意，故選B項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：商店里擺滿了新的收藏品和一些經(jīng)典作品。A. covered覆蓋；B. connected連接；C. filled裝滿；D. faced面對(duì)。根據(jù)上文“The shop(商店)”下文“the new collections and some classics(新的收藏品和一些經(jīng)典作品)”可知商店里面滿是新的收藏品和一些經(jīng)典作品，故選C項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，我看到了那些漂亮但昂貴的古馳T恤。A. expensive昂貴的；B. fashionable時(shí)尚的；C. simple簡(jiǎn)單的；D. graceful優(yōu)雅的。根據(jù)下文“In my opinion it is unhealthy to rely on luxuries to make us feel special.( 在我看來，依靠奢侈品來讓我們感到特別是不健康的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為依靠像古馳T恤這樣的奢侈品來讓我們感到特別是不健康的，可推理出古馳T恤是奢侈品，是昂貴的，故選A項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：綠色和紅色條紋，人們知道的古馳所有產(chǎn)品的關(guān)鍵元素，喊叫的聲音太大了，我可以透過玻璃聽到。A. message信息；B. proof證據(jù)；C. function功能；D. element元素。根據(jù)上文“The green and red strips(綠色和紅色條紋)”以及下文“any Gucci product that everybody knows(人們知道的古馳所有產(chǎn)品)”可知，綠色和紅色條紋是古馳的“元素”，故選D項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. glass玻璃；B. street街道；C. corner角落；D. shop商店。根據(jù)上文“Then the bright lights from the window nearby caught my eye and I came near to it(附近窗戶的明亮燈光吸引了我的注意，我走近了它)”可知，附近窗戶的明亮燈光吸引了我的注意，作者透過玻璃看到了里面的古馳T恤，故選A項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：更重要的是，我看到的古馳T恤的所有照片都提醒我，我需要它們。A. comforted安慰；B. educated教育；C. reminded提醒；D. promised承諾。根據(jù)上文“all of the pictures of those Gucci T-shirts I had seen(我看到的古馳T恤的所有照片)”以及下文“I needed them(我需要它們)”可知作者看到的古馳T恤的所有照片讓作者聯(lián)想到作者需要他們，故選C項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但后來我整理了自己的想法，問自己：“我真的很欣賞它們的設(shè)計(jì)嗎？還是我想要它們只是為了讓我的朋友甚至陌生人注意到我有古馳T恤？”A. remember記起；B. approve同意；C. oppose反對(duì)；D. appreciate欣賞。根據(jù)下文“the design of them(它們的設(shè)計(jì))”可知，此處作者反問自己是因?yàn)樾蕾p古馳的設(shè)計(jì)而想買嗎，故選D項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. curiosity好奇心；B. pleasure快樂；C. use用處；D. show展示。根據(jù)下文“to let my friends and even strangers notice that I have Gucci T-shirts(讓我的朋友甚至陌生人注意到我有古馳T恤)”可知，此處上下文說的是作者認(rèn)為穿古馳T恤是為了讓朋友甚至陌生人注意到他有古馳T恤，為了展示自己，故選D項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過仔細(xì)思考，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些東西對(duì)我來說并不重要，也不會(huì)幫助我提高自己。A. suddenly突然；B. gradually逐漸地；C. carefully仔細(xì)地；D. hurriedly匆忙地。根據(jù)下文“they would not help me improve myself(它們不會(huì)幫助我提高自己)”可知，作者之前想買，但現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為它們不會(huì)幫助作者提高自己，可推理出作者經(jīng)過了仔細(xì)思考，故選C項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. important重要的；B. funny滑稽的；C. enough足夠的；D. limited有限的。根據(jù)下文“they would not help me improve myself(它們不會(huì)幫助我提高自己)”可知作者認(rèn)為這些東西不會(huì)幫助作者提高自己，是不重要的，故選A項(xiàng)。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我看來，依靠奢侈品來讓我們感到特別是不健康的。A. unfair不公平的；B. dishonest不誠(chéng)實(shí)的；C. unhealthy不健康的；D. inconvenient不方便的。根據(jù)上文“I figured out that those items aren’t really important to me and that they would not help me improve myself(我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些東西對(duì)我來說并不重要，也不會(huì)幫助我提高自己)”以及下文“rely on luxuries to make us feel special.( 依靠奢侈品來讓我們感到特別)”可知，作者認(rèn)為這些奢侈品對(duì)他來說不重要，也不會(huì)幫助作者提高自己，所以依靠奢侈品來讓我們感到特別是不健康的方式，故選C項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，這些品牌不僅讓我們花了很多錢，而且還欺騙我們，讓我們以為這些商品會(huì)讓我們得到特定群體的認(rèn)可。A. Besides另外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否則；要不然的話；D. However然而。根據(jù)下文“not only do these brands lead us to spend a lot of money, but they also fool us into thinking these items are going to make us get recognized by a particular group(不僅讓我們花了很多錢，而且還欺騙我們，讓我們以為這些商品會(huì)讓我們得到特定群體的認(rèn)可).”可知，此處是對(duì)上文的補(bǔ)充說明，應(yīng)使用表示“另外”含義的副詞，故選A項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. denied否認(rèn)；B. recognized認(rèn)可；C. avoided避免；D. annoyed使惱怒。根據(jù)上文“not only do these brands lead us to spend a lot of money, but they also fool us into thinking (不僅讓我們花了很多錢，而且還欺騙我們，讓我們以為……).”以及下文“by a particular group(被特定的群體……)”可知此處上下文說的是這些奢侈品讓我們花很多的錢，并被誤導(dǎo)這樣做會(huì)被特定群體接納，空白處應(yīng)填表示“認(rèn)可；接納”含義的動(dòng)詞，故選B項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：真正的價(jià)值感應(yīng)該來自于你為世界所做的貢獻(xiàn)，以及你如何以良好的方式影響他人的生活。A. security安全；B. duty職責(zé)；C. belonging附件；D. value價(jià)值。根據(jù)下文“should come from what you have added to the world(來自于你為世界所做的貢獻(xiàn))”可知此處上下文說的是對(duì)世界所做出的的貢獻(xiàn)，這是一個(gè)人對(duì)于這個(gè)世界的價(jià)值，故選D項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. saved拯救；B. influenced影響；C. arranged安排；D. controlled控制。根據(jù)下文“other people’s lives in a good way(以良好的方式……他人的生活)”可知，此處上下文說的是真正的價(jià)值感應(yīng)來自于你為世界所做的貢獻(xiàn)，并以良好的方式對(duì)他人生活產(chǎn)生影響，故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
語(yǔ)法填空
The 2020 Nobel Peace Prize ____46____ (go) to the UN World Food Program (WFP) on Friday, 9 October 2020. The agency was recognized for its efforts to fight hunger, for its contribution to ____47____ (improve) conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas and for acting as a driving force to prevent the use of hunger ____48____ a weapon of war and conflict. The efforts of WFP focus on emergency assistance, development aid and special operations, two thirds of ____49____ are made in conflict-affected countries. In those countries, people are three times more likely to suffer poor nutrition ____50____ those living in countries without conflict do.
David Beasley, WFP Executive Director, said the ____51____ (announce) made by the Norwegian Nobel Committee turned the global spotlight on the 690 million people ____52____ (expose) to severe levels of food insecurity. “Every one of them has the right to live peacefully and without hunger.”
Mr. Beasley also noted that the Nobel Peace Prize was not ____53____ (simple) WFP’s. He said, “WFP works closely with governments, organizations and individuals whose love for helping hungry people equals ____54____ (we). We could not possibly help anyone without them. And the daily work of our members ____55____ (drive) by our core values of integrity(誠(chéng)實(shí)正直) and humanity.”
【答案】46. went
47. improving
48. as 49. which
50. than 51. announcement
52. exposed
53. simply 54. ours
55. is driven
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述聯(lián)合國(guó)世界糧食計(jì)劃署獲得了2020年諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)，該組織為維護(hù)世界和平和消除饑餓做出了很大貢獻(xiàn)。
【46題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2020年諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)于2020年10月9日星期五授予聯(lián)合國(guó)世界糧食計(jì)劃署。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“on Friday, 9 October 2020（2020年10月9日星期五）”可知，此處描述發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，因此應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填went。
【47題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：該機(jī)構(gòu)為消除饑餓所作的努力、為改善受沖突影響地區(qū)的條件、為和平所作的貢獻(xiàn)以及為防止將饑餓作為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和沖突的武器而發(fā)揮的驅(qū)動(dòng)力得到了認(rèn)可。表示“對(duì)……做出的貢獻(xiàn)”為短語(yǔ)contributions to doing sth.，其中to為介詞，所以后面用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填improving。
【48題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：該機(jī)構(gòu)為消除饑餓所作的努力、為改善受沖突影響地區(qū)的條件、為和平所作的貢獻(xiàn)以及為防止將饑餓作為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和沖突的武器而發(fā)揮的驅(qū)動(dòng)力得到了認(rèn)可。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)填as，意為“作為，當(dāng)做”。故填as。
【49題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：糧食計(jì)劃署的工作重點(diǎn)是緊急援助、發(fā)展援助和特別行動(dòng)，其中三分之二是在受沖突影響的國(guó)家進(jìn)行的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，空處為關(guān)系詞修飾前面的emergency assistance, development aid and special operations，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)，所以用which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
【50題詳解】
考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：在這些國(guó)家，人們?cè)馐軤I(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的可能性是生活在沒有沖突國(guó)家的人的三倍。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為比較級(jí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than”。故填than。
【51題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：世界糧食計(jì)劃署執(zhí)行主任David Beasley說，挪威諾貝爾委員會(huì)的宣布將全球的目光轉(zhuǎn)向了暴露在嚴(yán)重糧食不安全狀況下的6.9億人口。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，表示“宣布”，所以用名詞announcement，且此處特指諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)這一項(xiàng)宣布，為單數(shù)。故填announcement。
【52題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：世界糧食計(jì)劃署執(zhí)行主任David Beasley說，挪威諾貝爾委員會(huì)的宣布將全球的目光轉(zhuǎn)向了暴露在嚴(yán)重糧食不安全狀況下的6.9億人口。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子謂語(yǔ)為turned，且和expose之間無and連接，所以空處為非謂語(yǔ)，和其邏輯主語(yǔ)people之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填exposed。
【53題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：Beasley先生還指出，諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)不僅僅是世界糧食計(jì)劃署的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞，simply表示“僅僅”，符合句意。故填simply。
【54題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：世界糧食計(jì)劃署與那些和我們一樣熱愛幫助饑民政府、組織和個(gè)人密切合作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作賓語(yǔ)，指our love for helping hungry people，空后沒有名詞，因此應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞。故填ours。
【55題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：我們的成員的日常工作是由我們正直和人道的核心價(jià)值觀所驅(qū)動(dòng)的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，不教此處陳述客觀情況應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞drive與主語(yǔ)the daily work之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，句子主語(yǔ) the daily work 不可數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is driven。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
56. 假定你是李華，你校正在開展“創(chuàng)建美麗校園”活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給全校學(xué)生寫一封倡議書。要點(diǎn)包括：
1.創(chuàng)建美麗校園的重要性;
2.校園內(nèi)存在的不文明現(xiàn)象;
3.呼吁全體學(xué)生參加活動(dòng)。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))：
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear fellow students,
I’m writing to appeal to everyone to take an active part in building a beautiful campus.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear fellow students,
I’m writing to appeal to everyone to take an active part in building a beautiful campus.
An attractive campus can make our learning pleasant and improve our grades. However, some students can be seen running on the lawn, picking flowers or throwing rubbish everywhere, which have already harmed our school environment. It’s time we did something to change the situation. From my perspective, everyone is responsible for the beauty of our campus. Besides, if we all avoid doing anything improper, our campus will become more beautiful.Every effort matters.
Let’s take action now.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生你校正在開展“創(chuàng)建美麗校園”的活動(dòng)，用英語(yǔ)給全校學(xué)生寫一篇倡議書。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
對(duì)……有害：harm →do harm to
此外：Besides →Moreover
看法：perspective →attitude
采取行動(dòng)：take action →take measures
2.句式拓展
合并簡(jiǎn)單句
原句：I’m writing to appeal to everyone to take an active part in building a beautiful campus. An attractive campus can make our learning pleasant and improve our grades.
拓展句：I’m writing to appeal to everyone to take an active part in building a beautiful campus, which can make our learning pleasant and improve our grades.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]
However, some students can be seen running on the lawn, picking flowers or throwing rubbish everywhere, which have already harmed our school environment. (運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2]
Besides, if we all avoid doing anything improper, our campus will become more beautiful. (運(yùn)用了if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
57. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段話，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
A Change of Heart
It was a cold December and things were tough for my family. Mum had a hard time raising us kids on her own in our small community of New Westminster as dad passed away five years earlier. We relied on social assistance.
Looking back, I realize what Mum went through sending us kids to school. Every morning she would place a new piece of cardboard in our shoes because our soles (鞋底) were worn out. When we got home, Mum would have French toast ready for us. Constant moving was typical for my family in those days, and it didn’t look like we’d be in our current house much longer. Rent was $25 a month, but Mum couldn’t pay it, and we knew we would be forced to leave right after Christmas on the first of January.
The holidays were fast approaching, and we were entitled to $25 for Christmas from social services. Mum said that instead of buying food, she was going to use the money to pay our rent. That way we’d have a roof over our heads for a little while longer. Then she told us that there would be no Christmas gifts.
Unknown to Mum, I had been selling Christmas trees, shoveling (鏟) snow and doing odd jobs to earn enough money to buy a new pair of boots. I knew exactly which boots I wanted. They were ten-inch, Top-Genuine, Pierre Paris boots, and they cost $23.
The big day for getting my boots came on Christmas Eve afternoon. I was very excited as I hurried up the road to catch the bus into town. It was only a half-mile walk, but on the way I noticed a house with Christmas lights and decorations. It was then I realized that at our house, we had no lights, no decorations and no turkey or ham for Christmas dinner.
注意：1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右;2. 續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好。
Paragraph 1:
As I continued walking, I began to feel a strange sense of guilt.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The bus drove off without me, and I breathed a sigh of relief.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Para. 1:
As I continued walking, I began to feel a strange sense of guilt. Here I was going to buy a new pair of boots, while Mum was probably home in tears, thinking of ways to explain why there were no presents. How was I supposed to be happy if everyone else in the family was not? Thinking of this, the idea of buying the beautiful boots I had wanted for so long didn’t seem as fascinating as before. As I arrived at the bus stop, the driver opened the door, waiting for me to get on. I stood there for what seemed like a century, until eventually the driver asked, “Son, are you getting on this bus or not?” I finally burst out without hesitation, “No thanks, sir. I’ve changed my mind.”
Para. 2:
The bus drove off without me, and I breathed a sigh of relief. Feeling as if a weight had been lifted off my shoulders, I knew what I had to do next. Across the street from the bus stop was a big grocery store. Into the store I went, brimming with happiness and excitement. I bought a turkey, ham, oranges and all the Christmas decorations. I spent every coin of my hard-earned money. Once I arrived home with all those purchases, I knocked on the door. I could hardly wait to see my mother’s face! When Mum opened the door, some of the groceries fell inside onto the floor, and she just stood there, too stunned to speak. Holding back the tears, I exclaimed, “Merry Christmas, Mother! There really is a Santa Claus!” To see my mother’s prayers answered more than made up for the boots I never got. It was a Merry Christmas for us after all!
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者的父親在五年前去世了，作者的媽媽獨(dú)自承擔(dān)家庭的重任，家庭生活困難，主要依靠社會(huì)援助生活。作者和家人住的房子的房租是每月25美元，但媽媽卻付不起，圣誕節(jié)就要到了，媽媽打算從社會(huì)服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)得到的買圣誕禮物的錢來付房租，而不是買食物。媽媽不知道的是作者一直在賣圣誕樹，鏟雪，打零工來掙足夠的錢買一雙自己特別喜歡的新靴子。在作者趕公共汽車進(jìn)城去買靴子時(shí)，作者注意到一所掛著圣誕彩燈和裝飾的房子。作者意識(shí)到自己家沒有燈，沒有裝飾品，也沒有火雞或火腿做圣誕晚餐。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“當(dāng)我繼續(xù)走著的時(shí)候，我開始有一種奇怪的負(fù)罪感。”可知，第一段可描寫作者的內(nèi)心的活動(dòng)以及作者決定不去買靴子。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“公共汽車沒等我就開走了，我松了一口氣?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者沒有進(jìn)城去買靴子，而是決定去買圣誕節(jié)禮物回家以及回家后媽媽的反應(yīng)。
2.續(xù)寫線索：買靴子——內(nèi)疚——買圣誕節(jié)禮物——回家——媽媽反應(yīng)——感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①.買：buy / purchase
②.回家：go back home/return home/ arrive home
情緒類
①.驚訝：stunned /astonished/surprised
②.快樂的：happy /glad
【點(diǎn)睛】
[高分句型1]. I As I arrived at the bus stop, the driver opened the door, waiting for me to get on（運(yùn)用了as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句以及現(xiàn)在分詞waiting作狀語(yǔ)）
[高分句型2]. Feeling as if a weight had been lifted off my shoulders, I knew what I had to do next.（由關(guān)系詞what以及?as if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句以及現(xiàn)在分詞feeling作狀語(yǔ)）

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