?深圳市龍崗區(qū)德琳學校2022-2023學年度第二學期高一期中考試
英語試卷
一、單項選擇(每小題1.5分，共30分)
1. —I’m so tired. I want to give up.
—Come on! Success supports those who are always ready to ________.
A. astonish B. argue C. attempt D. forgive
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：——我太累了。我想放棄。——加油！成功支持那些隨時準備努力的人。A. astonish使吃驚；B. argue爭論；C. attempt努力；D. forgive原諒。由空前鼓勵話語“Come on!”可知，第二個說話人在鼓勵第一個人不要放棄，句子表示“成功支持那些隨時準備努力的人?！惫蔬xC。
2. After taking online courses for two months, students missed their teachers and classmates very much, so all of them ________to go back to school.
A. inspired B. happened C. desired D. allowed
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在上了兩個月的線上課程后，學生們非常想念他們的老師和同學，所以他們都渴望回到學校。A. inspired激勵，鼓舞；B. happened發(fā)生；C. desired渴望；D. allowed允許。由空前“students missed their teachers and classmates very much”可知，學生們非常想念老師和同學們，所以他們渴望回到學校。故選C項。
3. Our boss is a ________ man and treats us to mid- morning snacks (小吃) from time to time.
A. annoyed B. generous C. selfish D. reliable
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們老板很大方，時不時就招待我們喝上午茶。A. annoyed生氣的；B. generous慷慨的，大方的；C. selfish自私的；D. reliable可靠的。根據空后的“treats us to mid-morning snacks from time to time”可知，老板經常請客，所以老板是個大方的人。故選B。
4. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her ________ in discovering a new cure for malaria (瘧疾).
A. difference B. decision C. procedure D. achievement
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：屠呦呦因發(fā)現治療瘧疾的新方法這一成就被授予諾貝爾獎。A. difference不同；B. decision決定；C. procedure步驟；D. achievement成就。結合語意，屠呦呦發(fā)現治療瘧疾的新方法是她取得的成就，所以空處應用achievement，表示“成就”。故選D項。
5. —Sir, please ________ your order before signing your name.
—OK. Let me check it again.
A. resolve B. confirm C. permit D. attach
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：——先生，請在簽字之前確認您的訂單?！玫?。我再檢查一遍。A. resolve決定；B. confirm確認；C. permit允許；D. attach貼上。結合后文“Let me check it again.”可知，后者說再檢查一邊，所以前者請對方確認訂單。故選B項。
6. The girl dressed in the latest fashion is ________ in her appearance but rude in her speech.
A. outgoing B. elegant C. independent D. passive
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：穿著最新時裝的女孩外表優(yōu)雅，但說話粗魯。A. outgoing外向的；B. elegant優(yōu)雅的；C. independent獨立的；D. passive被動的。分析句子結構可知，此處應為形容詞作表語，結合句意以及“but rude in her speech”可知，此空處與空后內容為轉折關系，所以應為elegant意為“優(yōu)雅的”與符合語境。故選B項。
7. When facing a hard question, most people can’t give an answer ________.
A. exceptionally B. incredibly C. immediately D. currently
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當面對一個難題時，大多數人不能立即給出答案。A. exceptionally例外地，罕見地；B. incredibly難以置信地；C. immediately立即；D. currently當前，目前。結合空前“When facing a hard question”可知，面對難題時，沒有人會立刻給出答案。故選C。
8. It never _____ to me that a top student like her should have failed in the exam.
A. happened B. appeared C. sounded D. occurred
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有想到像她這樣的學霸竟然考試不及格。A. happened發(fā)生；B. appeared出現；C. sounded聽起來；D. occurred發(fā)生。此處為固定句型it occurred to sb. that…表示“某人想起……”。故選D。
9. It was so dark at night that I couldn’t ________ anything clearly in the street.
A. distinguish B. understand C. ensure D. forecast
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：晚上太黑了，我在街上什么都看不清楚。A. distinguish辨別出；B. understand理解；C. ensure確保；D. forecast預測。根據句中的“It was so dark at night”可知，因為晚上太黑了，所以肯定在街上什么都看不清楚。故選A項。
10. —Take it as a lesson! Remember “________”.
—I won’t speak that much to unfamiliar people any more.
A. Never say never B. Loose lips sink ships
C. Let off steam D. Pull your weight
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查交際用語辨析。句意：——把它當成一個教訓！記住“禍從口出”?！也粫賹Σ皇煜さ娜苏f那么多了。A. Never say never別輕易說絕不，不要說得太絕對；B. Loose lips sink ships禍從口出；C. Let off steam發(fā)泄怒火；D. Pull your weight盡職盡責。結合后文“I won’t speak that much to unfamiliar people any more.”，后者說不會再對不熟悉的人說那么多，所以前者在提醒對方禍從口出。故選B項。
11. The next Olympic Games _____ in Paris will be an exciting event.
A. held B. is held C. to be held D. will be held
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：將在巴黎舉行的下屆奧運會將是一件激動人心的大事。、分析題干可知，句中已有謂語動詞“will be”，故空處需要非謂語動詞形式，“The next Olympic Games”和hold之間是被動關系，表示“將被舉行”，故用動詞不定式的被動形式，作后置定語，修飾“The next Olympic Games”。故選C項。
12. Kylian Mbappé has scored 8 goals in FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022, ________ millions of teenagers to play football.
A. inspired B. inspiring C. to inspire D. being inspired
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：基利安·姆巴佩爾在2022年卡塔爾世界杯上打進8球，激勵了數百萬青少年踢足球。分析句子可知，該句已有謂語has，因此空處應使用非謂語在句中作狀語。主語Kylian Mbappé和inspire(激勵)之間是邏輯上主動關系，因此需使用現在分詞inspiring作狀語。故選B。
13. ________ by millions of people, the 2016 World Triathlon proved to be an event of love and cooperation.
A. Watching B. To watch C. Watched D. Being watched
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在數百萬人的注視下，2016年世界鐵人三項賽被證明是一場愛與合作的盛會。句子謂語為proved，設空處為非謂語動詞，watch與邏輯主語the 2016 World Triathlon之間為動賓關系，應用過去分詞，作狀語。故選C項。
14. Yesterday, he visited his teacher ______ advice proved to be beneficial throughout his life.
A. which B. whom C. who D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：昨天，他拜訪了他的老師，老師的建議被證明對他一生有益。該空引導限制性定語從句，關系詞指代先行詞teacher，在從句作定語，應用關系代詞whose引導。故選D。
15. I remember on the first day of my senior high ______ I was asked to introduce myself to the class.
A. when B. why C. which D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我記得在我上高中的第一天，我被要求向全班做自我介紹。分析句子結構可知，此處應為定語從句，先行詞是the first day of my senior high，從句中不缺少主語和賓語，所以使用關系副詞，先行詞表時間，所以使用關系副詞when。故選A項。
16. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of _______were published in the 1990s.
A. whom B. which
C. them D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他寫了很多兒童讀物，其中幾乎一半出版于上世紀90年代。先行詞是children’s books，指物，在定語從句中作of后的賓語，用which引導，故選B。

17. The billionaire donated everything ______ belonged to him.
A. what B. that C. which D. why
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：那個億萬富翁捐贈了所有屬于他的東西。空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞everything，指物，從句中缺少主語，當先行詞為不定代詞時，只能用that引導，故選B。
18. So far, Chinese engineers _____ great achievements when it comes to the development of the High-speed trains.
A. make B. made C. have made D. are making
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，中國工程師在高速列車的發(fā)展方面取得了巨大的成就。分析句子結構可知，此處應為句子謂語，根據時間狀語so far“至今為止”可知應用現在完成時態(tài)，句子主語與該謂語動詞為主動關系，且主語為復數。故選C項。
19. Up to now, he ________chairman of the Students’ Union twice in our school .
A. has selected B. elects
C. is selected D. has been selected
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，他兩次被選為我們學校的學生會主席。根據時間狀語Up to now可知，用現在完成時。句中主語he與select之間為被動關系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故選D。
20. —You know, a new park ________ near the river now.
—Wow, we’ll have a good place to relax in the future.
A. building B. will build C. to be built D. is being built
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查現在進行時的被動語態(tài)。句意：——你知道，一個新的公園正在河邊修建?！郏瑢砦覀兙陀幸粋€放松的好地方了。A、C項是非謂語動詞形式，不能在句中作謂語，故排除；主語park和動詞build之間是被動關系，應用被動語態(tài)，排除B項；根據“Wow, we’ll have a good place to relax in the future.”可知，此處表示公園正在建設中，應用現在進行時的被動語態(tài)。故選D項。
二、閱讀理解(共50分)
第一節(jié)(每小題2.5分，共37.5分)
A
Have you imagined spending a night in a museum? Fortunately, your fantasy may come true in the following museums.
Spy Museum | Washington, DC
The Spy Museum is entirely committed to the all-but-invisible profession and displays the largest collection of spy objects in the world! "Operation Secret Sleepover" invites a group of juniors and parents for a night of detective training, like creating a fake name, gathering intelligence, studying questioning techniques, breaking codes, hunting for a lead, and more. The next mission kicks off on Friday, September 9, 2022.
Ages: 9 to 13
Cost: $115 for general admission/$105 for members
Baseball Hall of Fame | Cooperstown, New York
Fans of America's hobbies will take the opportunity to stay a few extra nights here. Travel along the hallowed galleries; enjoy a screening in the Grandstand Theater; show your respect to honoring legendary players like Babe Ruth, Jackie Robinson, and Ted Williams. Dates sell out quickly. To secure your spot, call（607）547—0329.
Ages: 7 to 12
Cost: $50 for general admission
Milwaukee Public Museum | Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Who says kids get to have all the fun? The adults-only overnight at Milwaukee Public Museum is intended for the 21+ crowd. Tickets include dinner, two drinks, snacks, special tours, films in the six-story theater, entry to the new traveling exhibit “Maya: Hidden Worlds Revealed,” and continental breakfast. The next event is October 20, 2022. Registration closes two weeks prior.
Ages: 21+
Cost: $125 for general admission
Baltimore National Aquarium | Baltimore, Maryland
Ocean and shark lovers will be delighted to spend nights at BNA. Dive into the fascinating underwater world, reveal myths, and discover the importance of these incredible creatures. Join experts for a behind-the-scenes tour, interact with marine life, and watch a 4D film.
Ages: 8+
Cost: $120 for general admission | $100 for members
21. What can kids do at Operation Secret Sleepover?
A. Studying hunting techniques. B. Improving their intelligence.
C. Changing their identity cards. D. Trying some detective activities.
22. Which museum only admits adults?
A. Spy Museum. B. Baseball Hall of Fame.
C. Milwaukee Public Museum. D. Baltimore National Aquarium.
23. How much will 4 members pay for a visit to BNA?
A $400. B. $420. C. $460. D. $480.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了四個可夜覽（過夜）的博物館的相關信息。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第二句話“ ‘Operation Secret Sleepover’ invites a group of juniors and parents for a night of detective training…” （“秘密過夜行動”邀請一群少年和家長參加一個晚上的偵探訓練…）可知可以在這里體驗一些偵探活動。故選D項。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據該部分第二段“Ages: 21+” （年齡：21以上）可知只有年滿21歲的人才能在這個博物館夜覽。故選C項。
【23題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據該部分最后一段“Cost: $120 for general admission / $100 for members”（費用：普通門票120美元/會員100美元）可知四個會員的票價為400美元。故選A項。
B
Last summer, I spent four months working in France, where the company I was working for put me up in a house that didn’t have Wi - Fi. I wasn’t looking forward to it.
I soon discovered, however, that living in a house without Wi - Fi was easier than I expected.
Contact between my friends and family was significantly reduced to the odd text message here and there. I couldn’t enjoy my usual web browsing on BBC iPlayer, social media sites, keeping up to date with the news, or even wanting to know the opening hours of shops in the new area I was in.
I didn’t, however, spend a full four months without connecting to a Wi - Fi network. It was only a five minute walk to the reception where I could connect for free and spend as much time online as I wanted to at my own leisure. It made me think, though, how unnecessary it can be, how unnecessarily we rely on it - how we perhaps rely on it too much. As a person, I was more sociable. I spent more time with my housemates instead of hiding behind a computer screen. I did other things that I wouldn’t necessarily have done if I could have browsed the web at my leisure. I read more, I cooked meals for my friends, and I even tidied up more often. Dare I say it; I learned how to live without Wi - Fi. Dare I say it; I found it was easier than I had imagined.
24. What was the writer’s first feeling when finding her house had no Wi - Fi?
A. Unexpected. B. Angry. C. Shocked. D. Hopeful.
25. How did the writer keep in touch with her friends and family without Wi - Fi?
A. By writing regularly. B. By text message. C. By video calls. D. By telegram.
26. What was the writer’s life like without Wi - Fi?
A. Boring. B. Lonely. C. Active. D. Relaxing.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A life without Wi – Fi B. Different views on the Internet
C. The disadvantages of Wi – Fi D. How to use the Internet properly
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了去年夏天，作者在法國工作期間，過了四個月沒有Wi-Fi的日子，在這期間，作者發(fā)現自己變得積極起來。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據第一段“Last summer, I spent four months working in France, where the company I was working for put me up in a house that didn’t have Wi-Fi. I wasn’t looking forward to it.(去年夏天，我在法國工作了四個月，我工作的公司讓我住在一間沒有Wi-Fi的房子里，這一點我沒有想到)”可知，作者發(fā)現家里沒有Wi-Fi的第一感覺是意外。故選A。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“Contact between my friends and family was significantly reduced to the odd text message here and there.(我和朋友和家人之間的聯系明顯減少了，偶爾發(fā)些短信)”可知，在沒有Wi-Fi的日子里，作者通過短信與朋友和家人聯系。故選B。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據最后一段“As a person, I was more sociable. I spent more time with my housemates instead of hiding behind a computer screen. I did other things that I wouldn’t necessarily have done if I could have browsed the web at my leisure. I read more, I cooked meals for my friends, and I even tidied up more often.(作為一個人，我更善于交際了。我花更多的時間和我的室友在一起，而不是躲在電腦屏幕后面。我做了一些如果我可以在空閑時瀏覽網頁就不一定會做的事情。我讀了更多的書，為朋友做飯，甚至更經常地打掃衛(wèi)生)”可知，沒有Wi-Fi的日子，作者變得積極起來。故選C。
【27題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文結合第二段“I soon discovered, however, that living in a house without Wi - Fi was easier than I expected.(然而，我很快發(fā)現，住在沒有Wi-Fi的房子里比我想象的要容易)”可知，本文主要講述了作者在法國工作期間，過了四個月沒有Wi-Fi的日子?！癆 life without Wi – Fi(沒有Wi – Fi的日子)”適合作本文的標題。故選A。
【點睛】
C
The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (氣象) Organization (WMO) said on September. However, thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management, the number of death from these hazards (危險) has been almost three times less.
According to the WMO, from 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters. Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts, storms, floods and extreme temperatures. However, deaths fell from over 50, 000 in the 1970s to less than 20, 000 in the 2010s.
“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,” says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
“That means more heat waves, drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the oceans has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms.”
“Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases. But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. Quite simply, we are better than ever before at saving lives,” Taalas said.
28. What do we know from the first paragraph?
A. Disasters connected with weather have gone up.
B. The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.
C. The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.
D. Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.
29. What will happen according to Petteri Taalas?
A. There will be more extreme weather.
B. Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.
C. Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.
D. Humans will defeat extreme weather in the end.
30. What is hopeful behind the bad news?
A. Improved warning systems will save economic losses.
B. Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.
C. More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.
D. Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather
31. Where may the text be taken from?
A. A novel. B. A brochure. C. A magazine. D. A guideline.
【答案】28. A 29. A 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講了極端天氣和與此相關的災難會越來越多，但是人類可以通過早期預警系統拯救更多的生命。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第一句“The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (氣象) Organization (WMO) said on September. (世界氣象組織(WMO)9月發(fā)布的最新報告稱，過去50年來，與天氣有關的災害數量增加了五倍)”可知，與氣候相關的災難增多了。故選A項。
【29題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第三段Petteri Taalas說的話“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,(由于氣候變化，天氣、氣候和水的極端事件正在增加，并將在世界許多地區(qū)變得更加頻繁和嚴重)”可知，將會有更多的極端天氣。故選A項。
【30題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. (但在統計數據背后隱藏著希望的信息。改進的多災種早期預警系統使得死亡人數顯著減少)”可知，預警系統會拯救更多生命。故選C項。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。由第三段“says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas. (WMO 秘書長Petteri Taalas說)”和第五段結尾“Taalas said.(Taalas說)”可知，文章引用了世界氣象組織官員的話，所以最可能出自電視或廣播的專題節(jié)目，magazine有“(電視、廣播)專題節(jié)目”的意思。故選C項。
D
There is nothing quite like enjoying the sights, sounds and culture of a city while tasting a cup of coffee outdoors. But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city. An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv. The sweltering city is a perfect place to try the new technology.
With global warming heating up the temperature, it will soon be too hot to sit outside in cafes. While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power. After two years of development, the perfect solution to the problem was found. “We have invented a new generation of air conditioner, ” Kinonko CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer introduced the energy is from the pressure created between liquid nitrogen (氮) and gas nitrogen. When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.
The technology is unique and amazing. Beyond the coolness of the concept, it also has other advantages. The work unit doesn’t need to be power-driven, and doesn’t blow out harmful warm air as it works. As for the potential price, it will probably be no more expensive than any other air conditioner. In addition, the liquid nitrogen container will need to be replaced every seven to ten days, depending on usage. This makes it an affordable option for all sorts of businesses. The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.
32. What does the underlined word “sweltering” mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Warm.
B. Dry.
C. Hot.
D. Freezing.
33. What problem does the existing outdoor cooling systems have?
A. They are wasteful.
B. They overheat easily.
C. They often break down.
D. They are slow to cool the air.
34. What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain?
A. What powers the engine.
B. What turns liquid into gas.
C. How the pressure is formed.
D. How the new system works.
35. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To promote a company.
B. To settle an energy crisis.
C. To introduce a technology.
D To market a misting system.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了開始進入測試階段的一種室外冷卻系統，這項新技術有望在2024年投入市場，使人們在炎熱的天氣下，能夠重享在室外喝咖啡的快樂。
【32題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據第一段“But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city.(但當熱浪席卷城市時，就不那么令人愉快了)”可知，這座城市是非常悶熱的。由此可知，“The sweltering city”指的是這座悶熱的城市，劃線詞sweltering意為“悶熱的”。故選C。
【33題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power.(雖然室外冷卻系統已經存在了一段時間，但大多數都使用某種水或噴霧系統來冷卻周圍的空氣，消耗了太多的水和電力)”可知，現在的室外冷卻系統消耗過多的水和電力，是比較浪費的。故選A。
【34題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據第三段“When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.(當零下196度的液氮變成氣體時，會產生很強的壓力，這種壓力被用來驅動機械發(fā)動機。正是這個機械發(fā)動機緩慢地釋放出冰冷的氮氣來冷卻周圍的空氣)”可知，該段主要描述了這種新的冷卻系統是如何工作的。故選D。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據第一段“An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv.(以色列Kinonko公司生產的室外冷卻系統開始在Tel Aviv進行測試)”和最后一段“The technology is unique and amazing.(這項技術是獨特而令人驚嘆的)”及“The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.(該冷卻系統預計將于2024年上市)”可推知，本文的主要目的是向人們介紹一種新的室外冷卻技術。故選C。
第二節(jié) 七選五(每小題2.5分，共12.5分)
Some people cry during movies, while others only tear up for very sad or happy moments. Sometimes, we even cry randomly. ____36____ Each has its own job and flows from your tear ducts (淚腺) for a different reason.
____37____ But if you tear up frequently for no reason, it might be a sign of a serious condition. If you notice that you’re crying every day during normal activities, you may have depression. If you think you have depression, talk to your doctor right away to find the right treatment for you.
If someone begins to cry in front of you, your reaction may come from the discomfort you feel in this situation. Though you may not mean to, your response could cause the person who is crying to feel weak, embarrassed, or less understood. Instead of rushing to cheer a crier up or offer immediate help, sometimes it’s best to give a person space to cry. ____38____
If you’re around someone who is crying, respect their tears. Let them release (釋放) their feelings and show them you care. Don’t rush to offer advice or to say anything at all. Give them space to process and release their tears. ____39____ Let them think and organize their thoughts. Accept the way they respond in the moment. Don’t push them to feel a different way.
It’s best not to hold in emotions all the time. ____40____ If you need to control a cry, try to hold back your tears just until you’re in a better place for them. This way you won’t suppress (壓抑) your emotions altogether.
A. Don’t talk too much.
B. We cry different types of tears.
C. Then how can we deal with crying?
D. Crying can be normal in certain situations.
E. Sometimes tears are needed to process emotion.
F. We should pay attention to your emotional problems.
G. However, sometimes it’s important to hold back tears.
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. E 39. A 40. G
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。人們會因為不同的原因而流淚，在某些情況下，哭泣是正常的。但如果你經常無緣無故地流淚，這可能是一種病情嚴重的征兆。那么應該如何對待流淚呢？本文提出了一些行之有效的方法。
【36題詳解】
根據上文“Some people cry during movies, while others only tear up for very sad or happy moments. Sometimes, we even cry randomly.(有些人會在看電影時哭泣，而有些人只會在非常悲傷或快樂的時候流淚。有時候，我們甚至會隨意地哭泣)”以及后文“Each has its own job and flows from your tear ducts (淚腺) for a different reason.(每一種都有自己的功能，并且出于不同的原因從你的淚腺流出)”可知，空前講有時候我們會莫名其妙地哭；空后講每種(眼淚)都有自己的職責，并出于不同的原因從你的淚腺流出。故B項“我們會流出不同類型的眼淚”承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。
【37題詳解】
根據后文“But if you tear up frequently for no reason, it might be a sign of a serious condition. If you notice that you’re crying every day during normal activities, you may have depression. If you think you have depression, talk to your doctor right away to find the right treatment for you.(但如果你無緣無故地頻繁流淚，這可能是一種嚴重狀況的跡象。如果你發(fā)現自己每天在正?；顒訒r都在哭，你可能患有抑郁癥。如果你認為自己患有抑郁癥，請立即與你的醫(yī)生交談，以找到適合你的治療方法)”可知，空后講但如果你經常無緣無故地流淚，這可能是病情嚴重的一種征兆。如果你發(fā)現自己每天日常生活中都在哭泣，你可能患有抑郁癥。故D項“在某些情況下，哭泣是正常的”引出下文，符合語境。故選D。
【38題詳解】
根據上文“If someone begins to cry in front of you, your reaction may come from the discomfort you feel in this situation. Though you may not mean to, your response could cause the person who is crying to feel weak, embarrassed, or less understood. Instead of rushing to cheer a crier up or offer immediate help, sometimes it’s best to give a person space to cry.(如果有人開始在你面前哭，你的反應可能來自你在這種情況下感到的不適。雖然你可能不是故意的，但你的反應可能會讓哭泣的人感到虛弱、尷尬或不太被理解。與其急于讓哭泣的人振作起來或立即提供幫助，有時最好給一個人哭泣的空間)”可知，空前講有時候，不要急著讓一個哭的人高興起來或立即提供幫助，最好給他哭的空間。故E項“有時候情緒是需要用眼淚來處理的”承接上文，符合語境。故選E。
【39題詳解】
根據上文“If you’re around someone who is crying, respect their tears. Let them release (釋放) their feelings and show them you care. Don’t rush to offer advice or to say anything at all. Give them space to process and release their tears.(如果你身邊有人正在哭泣，尊重他們的眼淚。讓他們釋放他們的感受，并表示你的關心。不要急于提出建議或說任何話。給他們處理和釋放眼淚的空間)”以及后文“Let them think and organize their thoughts. Accept the way they respond in the moment. Don’t push them to feel a different way.(讓他們思考并組織自己的思想。接受他們當時的反應。不要強迫他們有不同的感覺)”可知，空前講給他們空間來處理和緩解他們的眼淚；空后講讓他們思考和組織他們的想法。故A項“不要說太多話”承上啟下，符合語境。故選A。
【40題詳解】
根據上文“It’s best not to hold in emotions all the time.( 最好不要一直壓抑自己的情緒)”以及后文“If you need to control a cry, try to hold back your tears just until you’re in a better place for them. This way you won’t suppress (壓抑) your emotions altogether.(如果你想控制自己的哭泣，試著忍住眼淚，直到你在一個更好的地方去面對它們。這樣你就不會完全壓抑自己的情緒)”可知，空前講最好不要總是壓抑(自己的)情緒；空后講如果你需要控制哭泣，試著忍住眼淚，直到你找到更適合(哭泣)的地方。故G項“然而，有時候忍住眼淚是很重要的”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。
三、完形填空(每小題1分，共15分)
Two years ago, I lost my wallet. I made the poor decision of keeping my identity card, my credit card, a large amount of money and other various things inside my____41____. I worried about anyone who got my wallet would take____42____from my bank account, and I was also ____43____that my identity card would be used to do something_____44_____
About a week _____45_____, a police officer knocked on my door and____46____my wallet. Someone handed it into____47____! Much to my ____48____, they didn’t touch the money inside or anything. I felt so lucky that such a kind person_____49_____my wallet and took time out of their day to try and give_____50_____back to me.
After that, I decided that I wanted to do _____51_____things for other people, hoping that they also could feel that way. I started to do small things to _____52_____ people. They were small simple things, like holding the door open for others. When you make others feel _____53_____, you will have a great day.
That’s why I_____54_____everyone to do small nice things for others. Helping others is to help______55______
41. A. handbag B. wallet C. pocket D. car
42. A. money B. food C. gold D. card
43. A. satisfied B. excited C. worried D. puzzled
44. A. bad B. good C. beautiful D. wonderful
45. A. ahead B. earlier C. long D. later
46. A. threw B. searched C. returned D. suggested
47. A. the people B. the police C. the students D. the children
48. A. sadness B. surprise C. regret D. disappointment
49. A. got up B. looked up C. gave up D. picked up
50. A. it B. her C. him D. them
51. A. kind B. funny C. stupid D. serious
52. A. protect B. respect C. help D. recognize
53. A. bad B. good C. free D. sick
54. A. allow B. force C. choose D. encourage
55. A. herself B. himself C. itself D. yourself
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者丟失的錢包被好心人撿到并交由警察送回來的故事。通過這次經歷作者決定也要為他人做好事，因為幫助他人就是幫助自己。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我做了一個糟糕的決定，把我的身份證、信用卡、大量的錢和其他各種各樣的東西放在錢包里。A. handbag手提袋；B. wallet錢包；C. pocket衣兜；D. car小汽車。根據上文“Two years ago, I lost my wallet”和此處“a large amount of money”可知，作者把一些重要的東西裝在了自己的錢包里。故選B。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我擔心任何撿錢到我錢包的人都會從我的銀行賬戶取錢，我也擔心我的身份證會被用來做壞事。A. money錢；B. food食物；C. gold黃金；D. card卡片。根據“from my bank account”可知，是從銀行賬戶取錢。故選A。
【43題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. satisfied滿意的；B. excited興奮的；C. worried擔心的；D. puzzled困惑的。根據“that my identity card would be used to do something_____4_____”和常識可知，作者擔心自己的身份證會被濫用。故選C。
【44題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同2小題。A. bad差的，糟糕的，不好的；B. good好的；C. beautiful美麗的；D. wonderful極好的，美妙的。結合常識可知，當人們的身份證丟了時，會擔心不法分子用自己的身份證做壞事。故選A。
【45題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：大約一周后，一名警察敲了我的門，歸還了我的錢包。A. ahead在前面；B. earlier早些時候；C. long長久地；D. later后來，之后。根據“a police officer knocked on my door”推知，這是作者丟了錢包一周后發(fā)生的事情。故選D。
【46題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. threw扔；B. searched搜索；C. returned返回，歸還；D. suggested建議。根據下文“they didn’t touch the money inside or anything.”推知，警察歸還了作者的錢包。故選C。
【47題詳解】
考查名詞詞組辨析。句意：有人把它交給了警察。A. the people人們；B. the police警察；C. the students學生；D. the children孩子們。根據上文“a police officer knocked on my door and____6____my wallet.”可知，有人撿到了作者的錢包，并交給了警察。故選B。
【48題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我感到非常驚訝的是，他們沒有動里面的錢以及其他任何東西。A. sadness悲傷；B. surprise驚訝，驚喜；C. regret遺憾；D. disappointment失望。根據“they didn’t touch the money inside or anything.”可知，作者對此感到驚訝。故選B。
【49題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我感到很幸運，有這么一個好心的人撿到我的錢包，抽出一天的時間試圖把它還給我。A. got up起來，起床；B. looked up向上看，查；C. gave up放棄；D. picked up撿起，撿到。根據上文“a police officer knocked on my door and____6____my wallet.”推知，有人撿到了作者丟失的錢包。故選D。
【50題詳解】
考查代詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. it它；B. her她；C. him他；D. them他們。結合上下文語境可知，此處指歸還錢包，應用代詞it做賓語。故選A。
【51題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之后，我決定為其他人做一些好事，希望他們也能有這種感覺。A. kind善意的；B. funny好笑的，滑稽的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. serious嚴重的，嚴肅的。根據下文“They were small simple things, like holding the door open for others.”推知，經歷這次事情后作者決定為其他人做好事。故選A。
【52題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始做一些小事來幫助別人。A. protect保護；B. respect尊重；C. help幫助；D. recognize認出，意識到。根據下文“They were small simple things, like holding the door open for others.”可知，作者開始做一些小事來幫助別人。故選C。
【53題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當你讓別人感覺良好時，你會度過美好的一天。A. bad糟糕的；B. good好的；C. free自由的，免費的；D. sick生病的，感到惡心的。根據“you will have a great day.”和常識可知，讓別人感覺良好，自己也會開心。故選B。
【54題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是為什么我鼓勵每個人為他人做一些小的好事。A. allow允許；B. force強迫；C. choose選擇；D. encourage鼓勵。根據上文“When you make others feel ____13____, you will have a great day.”并結合作者自己的經歷推知，作者會鼓勵每個人都為他人做一些小的好事。故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：幫助別人就是幫助自己。A. herself她自己；B. himself他自己；C. itself它自己；D. yourself你自己。結合語境可知，此處指幫助別人就是幫助你自己。故選D。
四、根據所給漢語提示填空(每小題2分，共20分)
56. Many Asian countries have ________ ________(受益于) the Belt and Road Initiative. (根據漢語提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. benefited##benefitted ②. from
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語和時態(tài)。句意：“一帶一路”建設使許多亞洲國家受益?！笆芤嬗凇笔枪潭ǘ陶Zbenefit from，由have可知，句子時態(tài)是現在完成時，空格處動詞用過去分詞benefited/benefitted，故填benefited/benefitted from。
57. On hearing the good news, all the teachers and students cheered and ________ ________ their feet (站起身來).（根據漢語提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. rose ②. to
【解析】
【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：一聽到這個好消息，全體師生都歡呼并站起身來。根據漢語提示，應用短語rise to one’s feet，表示“站起身來”，根據句中cheered可知，句子使用一般過去時，動詞rise應用過去式形式。故填rose to。
58. The English learner is ________ ________ (喜歡) looking through English websites to enlarge his vocabulary. (根據漢語提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. fond ②. of
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：英語學習者喜歡瀏覽英語網站來擴大詞匯量。根據提示的漢語和所給空格可知，表示“喜歡”應為be fond of。故填①fond ②of。
59. Last Sunday, I met my beloved math teacher in the mall ________ ________ (偶然). (根據漢語提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. by ②. accident
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：上周日，我在商場里偶然遇到了我心愛的數學老師。根據漢語提示可知，by accident偶然，介詞短語作狀語，符合題意。故填①by ②accident。
60. They did everything they could to _______ us _______ (幫一把). (根據漢語提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. help ②. out
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：他們竭盡所能幫助我們。短語help sb. out表示“幫助某人”，符合題意。根據固定句型do everything sb. can to do sth.“盡某人所能去做某事”可知，第一空應填動詞原形。故填help，out。
61. My suggestion is that you should ________ ________(道歉) your friend and beg for his forgiveness. (根據漢語提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. apologize##apologise ②. to
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我的建議是你應該向你的朋友道歉并請求他的原諒?！暗狼浮笔莂pologize/apologise to sb.，should是情態(tài)動詞，其后跟動詞原形。故填①apologize/apologise②to。
62. Great changes have ________ ________ (發(fā)生) in China since the 1980s. （根據漢語提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. taken ②. place
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞短語和時態(tài)。句意：20世紀80年代以來，中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。根據漢語提示可知，此處使用動詞短語take place，由時間狀語since the 1980s可知，句子應用現在完成時：have done，所以第一空處動詞需用過去分詞。故填①taken；②place。
63. Let me ________ ________ (瀏覽) the poster in the newspaper. （根據漢語提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. look ②. through
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：讓我瀏覽一下報紙上的海報。根據漢語提示和所給空格可知，look through瀏覽，動詞短語，符合題意；let sb. do sth.讓某人做某事，固定搭配，所以空處動詞需用原形。故填①look ②through。
64. I finally ________ (拿起，拾起)the classic novel I had always wanted to read. (根據漢語提示完成句子)
【答案】picked up
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時態(tài)。句意：我終于拿起了那本我一直想讀的經典小說。pick up拿起，拾起。陳述過去事情，用一般過去時。根據漢語提示及句意，故填picked up。
65. An activity was held to________ ________（籌錢）for the children who had lost their parents in the earthquake. （根據漢語提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. raise (collect) ②. money / funds
【解析】
【詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：為在地震中失去雙親的孩子們舉行了一場募捐活動。分析句子可知，空格處應填入動詞原形，與to構成不定式，作句中目的狀語；根據漢語提示可知，“籌”可用動詞“raise ”或“collect”表示， “錢”可譯為“money/funds”。故填①raise (collect); ②money/funds　　
五、用單詞的適當形式完成短文(每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
A few years ago, Lauren Bath was a chef but then she fell in love with travel and started to post pictures on her blog. In less than 18 months, there were over 200,000 people ____66____ (read) her blog and companies started paying her to take ____67____ (photo) and publish them. She determined ____68____ (become) Australia’s first ____69____ (profession) photo blogger, which was a ____70____ (challenge) job. She first visited Western Australia for work in 2013 and fell in love with northern WA. Some of her favourite photographs ____71____ (take) there. It is ____72____ (extreme) beautiful, and the Kimberley region, ____73____ particular, is unique and untouched. She tries to take every opportunity to get outside and admire the natural world. She wants to use her photography to make ____74____ impact on people ____75____ haven’t any sense of environmental protection.
【答案】66. reading
67. photos 68. to become
69. professional
70. challenging
71. were taken
72. extremely
73. in 74. an
75. who##that
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了旅行博主Lauren Bath通過博客分享旅行照片，以此來影響人們對于環(huán)保的意識的故事。
【66題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：在不到18個月的時間里，有超過20萬人閱讀了她的博客，一些公司開始付錢讓她拍照并發(fā)布。本句已有動詞were，且空處沒有連詞，所以空處需用非謂語動詞；空處動詞與空前名詞之間是主動關系，所以空處需用現在分詞作后置定語；there be sb./sth. doing…某地有某人/某物正在做某事，固定句型。故填reading。
【67題詳解】
考查名詞復數。句意：同上。此處泛指拍各種照片，空處名詞需用復數；take photos拍照，固定搭配。故填photos。
【68題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：她決心成為澳大利亞第一個專業(yè)的照片博主，這是一項具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作。determine to do sth.決定做某事，固定搭配，所以空處需用動詞不定式作賓語。故填to become。
【69題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：同上。空處需用形容詞，作定語，修飾空后名詞photo blogger。故填professional。
【70題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：同上?？仗幮栌眯稳菰~，作定語，修飾空后名詞job。故填challenging。
【71題詳解】
考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：她最喜歡的一些照片是在那里拍的。Take拍攝，動詞作謂語；由本文第一句話中的時間狀語a few years ago可知，空處謂語動詞需用一般過去時；因為空前主語是動作的承受者，所以空處謂語動詞需用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復數，所以此處be動詞需用were。故填were taken。
【72題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：它非常美麗，尤其是Kimberley地區(qū)，是獨一無二的，未受破壞的。空處需用副詞，作狀語，修飾空后形容詞。故填extremely。
【73題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：同上。in particular尤其，特別，固定搭配。故填in。
【74題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：她想用她的攝影作品來影響那些沒有任何環(huán)保意識的人。make an impact on…對……有影響，固定搭配。故填an。
【75題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：同上?？仗幮栌藐P系詞引導限定性定語從句，先行詞是people，指人，關系詞在定語從句中作主語，所以空處需用關系代詞who/that引導。故填who或that。
六、書面表達(共20分)
76. 假如你是李華，為了緩解學習壓力和鍛煉身體，本周六你打算和同學騎車到你市郊區(qū)賞景，請給你校國際部的英國學生Jackson寫一封郵件，邀請他參加，內容包括：
1．騎車目的；
2．有何安排；
3．注意要點。
注意：1．詞數80左右；
2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jackson,
To relieve the stress from study and build up our body, I am going cycling this Saturday with my classmates. I’m writing to invite you to join us.
We will ride our bikes to the suburb of our city to enjoy the fascinating scenery and landscape. This activity will last about four hours. Therefore it is advised that you take some food, fruits as well as some water. For the sake of our safety, wearing sports clothes and shoes suitable for cycling is a must. We are to meet at the school gate at 7 am this Saturday. If you are interested in it, don’t hesitate to contact me.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文，要求考生給英國學生Jackson寫一封郵件，邀請他周六和你一起騎車到你市郊區(qū)賞景。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
緩解：relieve→ease
壓力：stress→pressure
迷人的：fascinating→charming
因此：therefore→hence
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：To relieve the stress from study and build up our body, I am going cycling this Saturday with my classmates.
拓展句：I am going cycling this Saturday with my classmates, the purpose of which is to relieve the stress from study and build up our body.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Therefore, it is advised that you take some food, fruits as well as some water. (運用了that引導的主語從句)
[高分句型2] If you are interested in it, don’t hesitate to contact me. (運用了if引導的條件狀語從句)

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