?2022?2023學(xué)年度高二第二學(xué)期期中考試
英語
考生注意：
1. 本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。
2. 答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。
3. 考生作答時(shí)，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。
4. 本卷命題范圍：新外研版選擇性必修Book 2 Unit 3~Book 3 Unit 2。
第一部分 單項(xiàng)填空(共兩節(jié)，滿分25分)
從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
第一節(jié) 語法單選(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)
1. What puzzles Lily’s friends is ______ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A. what B. why C. who D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查表語從句。句意：令Lily的朋友們感到困擾的是她為什么總是有這么多瘋狂的想法。分析句子，該空需要一個(gè)表語從句的連接詞，結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)該是朋友們不明白Lily 為什么有這么多瘋狂的想法。所以本句為why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。故選B項(xiàng)。
2. Good afternoon, everybody. Professor Brown ______ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.
A. will be delivering B. delivered
C. was delivering D. has been delivering
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：大家下午好。布朗教授馬上就要做演講了，但讓我先介紹一下他。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，動(dòng)作deliver是將會(huì)在接下來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，所以用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填A(yù)。
3. —What will the weather be like tomorrow?
—I have no idea. I was on the phone when the weather report ______.
A. is broadcast B. had broadcast
C. has been broadcast D. was being broadcast
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：——明天天氣會(huì)怎樣？——我不知道。天氣預(yù)報(bào)播送的時(shí)候我正在打電話。結(jié)合上文I was on the phone when the weather report可知指過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在做某事，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，且the weather report與broadcast構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選D。
4. We have some doubt ______ they can complete the task on time.
A. which B. what C. whether D. if
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：我們對他們是否能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)有些懷疑。分析句子可知，句子為同位語從句，空格處單詞引導(dǎo)從句，對“doubt”進(jìn)行解釋說明，根據(jù)句意可知，句中指懷疑他們“是否”能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)，故應(yīng)用“whether”引導(dǎo)從句，意為“是否”，“if”不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。故選C項(xiàng)。
5. ______ an arrangement to put off the house project in the village, we moved to discuss ______ we should carry out the farming modernization there.
A. Made; that B. Making; what
C. Having made; when D. Made; where
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞和賓語從句。句意：在作出推遲該村建房工程的安排后，我們開始討論何時(shí)在該村實(shí)施農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句首的make在句中作非謂語動(dòng)詞，和主語we之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且make an arrangement的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞（moved to discuss）之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，即Having made；第二空為賓語從句，且賓語從句中不缺主干成分，此處缺少時(shí)間狀語，故填when，故選C。
6. ______ wins the first place in the bicycle race will be awarded the gold medal.
A. Whoever B. Who C. Whomever D. Whom
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查主語從句。句意：無論誰在自行車比賽中獲得第一名，都將被授予金牌。分析句子可知，句子為主語從句，空格處單詞引導(dǎo)從句，從句中缺少主語，指人，表示“無論誰”，故應(yīng)用“whoever”引導(dǎo)從句，意為“無論誰”，句首單詞首字母大寫。故選A項(xiàng)。
7. Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.
A. has offered B. has been offered
C. had offered D. had been offered
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【詳解】考查過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：馬克是個(gè)天才。到他畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，已經(jīng)有十幾家電腦公司給他提供了工作機(jī)會(huì)。該句是復(fù)合句，含By the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句動(dòng)作先于從句動(dòng)作，且主句主語he和謂語動(dòng)詞offer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，是過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選D。
8. ______ she became an artist ten years ago may have been due to her father’s influence.
A. What B. If C. That D. When
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查主語從句。句意：她十年前成為一名藝術(shù)家可能是由于她父親的影響。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，從句結(jié)構(gòu)、意義完整，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)，that在句中無意義，只起連接作用，故選C。
9. — You are a great swimmer.
— Thanks. It's because I ______ a lot these days.
A. was practising B. have been practising
C. had practised D. would practise
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你游泳很棒?！x謝。這是因?yàn)檫@些天我一直在練習(xí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語these days可知，“練習(xí)游泳”從數(shù)天前開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，仍然可能持續(xù)下去。因此該句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。故選B。
10. ______ was in Houston ______ the couple opened the pet shop in the 1990s.
A. It; which B. What; that C. What; where D. It; that
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：上世紀(jì)90年代，正是在休斯頓這對夫婦開了這家寵物店。分析句子可知，去掉第一空、was和第二空，句意仍然完整，成分齊全，所以此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其余部分，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分為地點(diǎn)狀語in Houston，故第一空用It，第二空用that。故選D。
第二節(jié) 短語單選(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)
11. Please ______ me when you come to our city next time and I will cook delicious foods for you.
A. spread to B. coexist with C. drop in on D. fit in with
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：下次你來我們城市的時(shí)候請來找我，我會(huì)為你做好吃的。A. spread to蔓延到；B. coexist with與……共存；C. drop in on順道拜訪；D. fit in with適合。根據(jù)下文“when you come to our city next time and I will cook delicious foods for you(下次你來我們城市的時(shí)候……，我會(huì)為你做好吃的)”可推理出句子表達(dá)的含義是邀請對方來拜訪，空白處應(yīng)填表示“順道拜訪”含義的動(dòng)詞短語，故選C項(xiàng)。
12. So far, it has been ______ more than just an empty promise, for they haven’t carried out the plan.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：到目前為止，這只不過是一個(gè)空洞的承諾，因?yàn)樗麄冞€沒有執(zhí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃。A. everything pron. 每件事，一切；B. anything pron. 任何事物/事情；C. something pron. 某物，某事；D. nothing pron. 沒有什么。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要不定代詞nothing，意為“沒有什么”，作表語。故填D。
13. It ______ that her husband was badly injured in a car accident.
A. took over B. turned out C. took up D. popped up
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：結(jié)果是，她的丈夫在一場車禍中受了重傷。A. took over接管；B. turned out結(jié)果是；C. took up占據(jù)；D. popped up突然出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“her husband was badly injured in a car accident.( 她的丈夫在一場車禍中受了重傷)”可知這是一個(gè)結(jié)果，空白處應(yīng)填表示“結(jié)果是”含義的動(dòng)詞短語，It turned out that...，結(jié)果是……，故選B項(xiàng)。
14. Mike has a desire ______ success but he suffers from a lack ______ confidence.
A. for; of B. to; with C. at; in D. over; by
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：邁克渴望成功，但他缺乏信心。根據(jù)句意可知，空格一處涉及固定短語“have a desire for sth.”，意為“渴望得到某物”，故空格一應(yīng)用介詞“for”；空格二處涉及固定短語“a lack of…”，意為“缺乏……”，故空格二應(yīng)用介詞“of”。故選A項(xiàng)。
15. Our efforts were not ______ so we didn’t waste our energy.
A. in vain B. in good hands C. in harmony D. in a large sense
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我們的努力沒有白費(fèi)，我們沒有浪費(fèi)精力。A. in vain徒勞；B. in good hands受到很好的照料；C. in harmony協(xié)調(diào)一致；D. in a large sense在很大意義上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要介詞短語in vain，意為“徒勞”，作表語。故選A。
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
New Jersey Botanical Garden Membership
It’s easy to apply for New Jersey Botanical Garden (NJBG) Membership or renew your membership online, by phone or by mail. And it’s so important to the Botanical Garden! Your membership dollars help to improve the Garden, and provide educational and recreational (娛樂的) activities for the general public. Thank you for your support! To apply for or renew it, please click on the appropriate section and membership category below for safe and convenient online payment processing by PayPal.
If you prefer to apply by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 or download and send in our membership brochure (Adobe Acrobat PDF file).
★Apply NJBG Today
Membership Category
Individual
Dual (兩人共用)
Student
Annual Dues
$35
$60
$25
Special: Save some money with Biennial Dues (兩年會(huì)費(fèi))
$60
$100
$40
★Renew Your Membership
Membership Category
Individual
Dual
Student
Annual Dues
$30
$50
$25
Special: Save some money with Biennial Dues
$50
$80
$40
The Botanical Garden started life as Skylands, a large area in the grand manner. It is famous for a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion (公館) designed by John Russell Pope. Skylands has 96 acres of formal and naturalized gardens and is surrounded by over 1,000 acres of meadows (草坪) and woodlands. Purchased by the State in 1966 and officially named as the New Jersey Botanical Garden in 1984, the gardens contain approximately 5,000 species and varieties of trees and flowers.
For you, the NJBG is an exciting and beautiful place to visit, where you may enjoy each season’s best. Members enjoy special events, festivals, lectures, and rewarding educational opportunities for both city and country gardeners.
Your NJBG membership offers you discounts at participating nurseries (苗圃), garden centers and other fine businesses. Simply present your NJBG membership card when beginning your purchase:
*Goffle Brook Farm and Garden Center, (201) 652-7540
10% off your purchase
*Metropolitan Plant Exchange, (973) 638-7613
12% off your purchase
*Rohsler’s Allendale Nursery &Florist, (201) 327-3156
15% off your purchase
16. What can we know about the Botanical Garden?
A. It was purchased and officially named in the 1960s.
B. The designer of the mansion is John Russell Pope.
C. Skylands has 96 acres of formal and man-made gardens.
D. Visitors can enjoy special events without membership for free.
17. How much does a couple need to pay if they want to renew their two-year membership?
A. $40. B. $50. C. $60. D. $80.
18. Which should you call to learn more about Metropolitan Plant Exchange?
A. (201) 327-3156. B. (973) 962-9534.
C. (973) 638-7613. D. (201) 652-7540.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了如何申請和續(xù)訂新澤西州立植物園的會(huì)員資格。
【16題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格下段關(guān)鍵句“It is famous for a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion (公館) designed by John Russell Pope.”（它以擁有44間客房的都鐸王朝復(fù)興時(shí)期的花崗巖公館而聞名，該公館由約翰·拉塞爾·波普設(shè)計(jì)。）可知，關(guān)于植物園我們能了解到，這座公館的設(shè)計(jì)師是約翰·拉塞爾·波普。故選B項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格中關(guān)鍵句“Special: Save some money with Biennial Dues, Dual, $80”（特別優(yōu)惠：繳兩年會(huì)費(fèi)節(jié)省一些錢，兩人共用，80美元）可知，續(xù)簽兩年的會(huì)員資格，兩人需交80美元，由此可知，如果一對夫婦想續(xù)簽兩年的會(huì)員資格，他們需要支付80美元。故選D項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段內(nèi)容“Metropolitan Plant Exchange, (973) 638-7613”（大都會(huì)植物交易所，（973）638-7613）可知，如果你想了解更多關(guān)于大都會(huì)植物交易所的信息，可以撥打(973) 638-7613。故選C項(xiàng)。
B
Arun Kumar Bajaj has a very unusual skill — he can paint with a sewing machine (縫紉機(jī)). Technically it’s embroidering, not painting, but his artworks are so detailed that they can pass as paintings to the untrained eyes. And the fact that he does it all with a sewing machine just makes that much more impressive.
Arun was really good at drawing and painting while growing up and dreamed of becoming a famous painter, but his father died suddenly 15 years ago, which destroyed his plans and forced him to give up school in order to run the family business. His father was a tailor and he became one too, but he didn’t let the artist in him die. He started “painting” with a needle and thread, but instead of using his hands, he decided on a rather unusual tool —the sewing machine. It took him a while to master this unique art form, but today he is recognized as the world’s only sewing machine artist. His works become very popular both in India and abroad. It’s easy to see why, just by looking at them, but what really makes his embroideries special is the tool he uses.
“You need to be very careful because once you’ve stitched the cloth, there’s no way you can repair it.” Arun said. “It’s all done in a single layer to give the painting a neat look.”
Some of Arun’s most impressive works include a 4×2 feet painting of the court of Ranjit Singh, which took the artist over a year to finish. Arun runs a tailoring business in the Adalat Bazar of Patiala, but he devotes a lot of his time to his artistic dream as well.
19. What was Arun’s ambition when he was growing up?
A To be a well-known artist. B. To be expert at embroidering.
C. To start a company of his own. D. To be a famous sewer like his father.
20. What can we infer about Arun’s business?
A. It runs very well at present. B. It often lacks a lot of money.
C. It has a lot of branches abroad. D. It is sponsored by the local government.
21. How did Arun paint the court of Ranjit Singh?
A. By using his feet. B. By using his mouth.
C. With a needle and thread. D. With a brush and paints.
22. How can we best describe Arun?
A. Outgoing and generous. B. Gifted and hardworking.
C. Courageous but impatient. D. Narrow minded and bad-tempered.
【答案】19. A 20. A 21. C 22. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了縫紉機(jī)畫家Arun Kumar Bajaj的故事和他的作品。
【19題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Arun was really good at drawing and painting while growing up and dreamed of becoming a famous painter, but his father died suddenly 15 years ago, which destroyed his plans and forced him to give up school in order to run the family business.( Arun在成長過程中非常擅長繪畫，夢想成為一名著名的畫家，但他的父親在15年前突然去世，這摧毀了他的計(jì)劃，迫使他放棄學(xué)業(yè)去經(jīng)營家族企業(yè))”可知，Arun在成長過程中的志向是成為一個(gè)著名的藝術(shù)家。故選A。
【20題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“His works become very popular both in India and abroad.(他的作品在印度和國外都很受歡迎)”可推知，目前Arun的生意進(jìn)展順利。故選A。
【21題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“He started “painting” with a needle and thread, but instead of using his hands, he decided on a rather unusual tool—the sewing machine. It took him a while to master this unique art form, but today he is recognized as the world’s only sewing machine artist.(他開始用針線“畫畫”，但他沒有用手，而是決定使用一種相當(dāng)不尋常的工具——縫紉機(jī)。他花了一段時(shí)間才掌握這種獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)形式，但今天他被公認(rèn)為世界上唯一的縫紉機(jī)藝術(shù)家)”以及最后一段“Some of Arun’s most impressive works include a 4×2 feet painting of the court of Ranjit Singh, which took the artist over a year to finish. (阿倫最令人印象深刻的作品包括一幅4×2英尺的蘭吉特·辛格宮廷畫，他花了一年多的時(shí)間才完成)”可推知，Arun用針線創(chuàng)作了蘭Ranjit Singh的宮廷畫。故選C。
【22題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Arun was really good at drawing and painting while growing up and dreamed of becoming a famous painter, but his father died suddenly 15 years ago, which destroyed his plans and forced him to give up school in order to run the family business.( Arun在成長過程中非常擅長繪畫，夢想成為一名著名的畫家，但他的父親在15年前突然去世，這摧毀了他的計(jì)劃，迫使他放棄學(xué)業(yè)，為了經(jīng)營家族企業(yè))”以及最后一段“Arun runs a tailoring business in the Adalat Bazar of Patiala, but he devotes a lot of his time to his artistic dream as well.(Arun在帕蒂拉的Adalat Bazar經(jīng)營著一家裁縫店，但他也把大量的時(shí)間用于他的藝術(shù)夢想)”可推知，Arun有天賦且努力。故選B。
C
If you stand in front of a group of kids, and start stating facts and ideas about a particular topic, like common trees found in a forest, their eyes will probably become dull because they’ll get bored. There might be a few people with a particular interest in trees who remain attentive, but it’s likely that most will lose interest fairly quickly. But if you stand up in front of that same group of people and tell them a story, something different will happen.
Researchers have now quantified (量化) the emotional benefits of a well-told tale. “We know that stories can transport us to another world,” says Guilherme Brockington, the lead author of the new paper. Earlier research suggests that stories help children process and regulate their emotions — but it was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside MRI (核磁共振) machines. There are few studies on psychological effects of storytelling in more commonplace scenes, such as hospitals.
So investigators working in several hospitals split a total of 81 patients aged between four and eleven into two groups, matching them with storytellers who had a decade of hospital experience. In one group, the storyteller led each child in playing a riddle game. In the other, youngsters chose books and listened as the storyteller read them aloud. Before and after these sessions, the researchers let each child spit into a tube, then asked them to report their pain levels and conducted a free-association word quiz.
Based on the analysis of each tube of saliva (唾液), the researchers found children in both groups showed lower levels of the stress-related hormone (荷爾蒙) called cortisol and higher levels of oxytocin, a feel-good hormone. However, the cortisol levels of kids in the storytelling group were a quarter of those in the riddle group, and their oxytocin levels were nearly twice as high. Those who heard stories reported pain levels dropping almost twice as much as those in the riddle group, and they used more positive words.
Next, the investigators plan to study how long these effects last. For now, Brockington says the results indicate storytelling is a low-cost and extremely efficient way to help improve health outcomes.
23. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?
A. To state people’s different reactions to some ideas.
B. To stress the magic of storytelling in grabbing attention.
C. To explain the importance of eye contact in storytelling.
D. To show the difficulty in making common topics interesting.
24. How does the new study differ from the previous research mentioned in paragraph 2?
A The new study was undertaken in real-life situations.
B. The new study was aimed to make hospital stays entertaining.
C. The researchers made full use of high-end laboratory equipment.
D. The researchers highlighted the link between cortisol levels and emotions.
25. What did the investigators do in their experiment?
A. They made the children report their delighted experiences in hospital.
B. They asked children to retell the newly learned stories.
C. They solved some riddle games for the children.
D. They collected and tested some saliva samples.
26. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Children should be forced to develop various interests.
B. Reading stories to kids can change their character greatly.
C. Listening to stories helps kids in hospital reduce their pain.
D. Compared with storytelling, children can feel better when playing riddle games.
【答案】23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，講故事是一種低成本、高效的方式，有助于改善健康狀況，幫助住院的孩子減輕疼痛。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“If you stand in front of a group of kids, and start stating facts and ideas about a particular topic, like common trees found in a forest, their eyes will probably become dull because they’ll get bored.”（如果你站在一群孩子面前，開始陳述關(guān)于某個(gè)特定話題的事實(shí)和想法，就像森林里常見的樹一樣，他們的眼睛可能會(huì)變得遲鈍，因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)感到無聊。）和“But if you stand up in front of that same group of people and tell them a story, something different will happen.”（但如果你站在同一群人面前，給他們講一個(gè)故事，就會(huì)發(fā)生不同的事情。）可知，如果你站在一群孩子面前陳述關(guān)于某個(gè)特定話題的事實(shí)和想法，孩子們會(huì)感到無聊，但如果你給他們講一個(gè)故事，他們會(huì)感到有趣，由此可知，作者在第一段中想要強(qiáng)調(diào)講故事有吸引注意力的魔力。故選B項(xiàng)。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Earlier research suggests that stories help children process and regulate their emotions—but it was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside MRI (核磁共振) machines. There are few studies on psychological effects of storytelling in more commonplace scenes, such as hospitals.”（早期的研究表明，故事有助于兒童處理和調(diào)節(jié)他們的情緒，但這主要是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里進(jìn)行的，受試者躺在核磁共振成像機(jī)里回答問題。很少有人研究在醫(yī)院等更常見的場景中講故事的心理影響。）可知，之前的研究是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里進(jìn)行的，而新的研究是在醫(yī)院等現(xiàn)實(shí)生活場景中進(jìn)行的，由此可知，這項(xiàng)新研究與先前研究的不同之處在于這項(xiàng)新研究是在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中進(jìn)行的。故選A項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Before and after these sessions, the researchers let each child spit into a tube, then asked them to report their pain levels and conducted a free-association word quiz.”（在這些實(shí)驗(yàn)的之前和之后，研究人員讓每個(gè)孩子往一根管子里吐口水，然后讓他們報(bào)告自己的疼痛程度，并進(jìn)行了一個(gè)自由的聯(lián)想單詞測試。）和第四段關(guān)鍵句“Based on the analysis of each tube of saliva (唾液), the researchers found children in both groups showed lower levels of the stress-related hormone (荷爾蒙) called cortisol and higher levels of oxytocin, a feel-good hormone.”（根據(jù)對每管唾液的分析，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，兩組兒童的壓力相關(guān)荷爾蒙皮質(zhì)醇水平較低，催產(chǎn)素水平較高，催產(chǎn)素是一種感覺良好的激素。）可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)的之前和之后，研究人員收集了并測試了每個(gè)孩子的唾液，由此可知，研究人員在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)中收集并測試了一些唾液樣本。故選D項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“Those who heard stories reported pain levels dropping almost twice as much as those in the riddle group, and they used more positive words.”（那些聽過故事的人報(bào)告說，他們的疼痛程度下降了幾乎是謎語組的兩倍，而且他們使用了更多積極的詞語。）可知，聽過故事的人的疼痛程度下降了幾乎是謎語組的兩倍，由此可知，我們可以推斷出聽故事可以幫助住院的孩子減輕疼痛。故選C項(xiàng)。
D
Shortly after 6 am on Monday, buses carrying 200 immigrants rolled into Midtown Manhattan from Texas, Most of them, including young children, wore lightweight sweaters or blankets to keep out the cold. Mayor Eric Adams’ administration warned that 10 to 15 busloads of migrants were expected to arrive this week due to the lifting of Title 42, a Trump-era public health rule passed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts on Monday temporarily blocked the Biden administration from ending the pandemic-era Title 42 immigration policy, leaving in doubt whether officials will continue to drive off migrants over concerns about public health risks. Title 42 is set to expire (期滿) on Wednesday.
“We have been told in no uncertain terms that, beginning today, we should expect an influx (流入) of buses coming from the border and that more than 1,000 additional asylum (政治避難) seekers will arrive in New York City every week,” Adams said in a statement released on Sunday. “We need help from Washington.”
Seeking to draw the Biden administration’s attention to the growing immigrant crisis, Republican governors of border states such as Texas and Arizona have been shipping migrants to Democratic-controlled cities such as New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, DC.
New York has received more than 31, 000 migrants and has opened 60 emergency shelters, mostly in hotels, as well as six other centers. New York City’s school chancellor (校監(jiān)) said in October that the school system has enrolled more than 5, 500 new migrant students, most of whom came from Latin America.
Adams, who declared a state of emergency over the migrant influx in October, said in a statement on Sunday that if nothing changes and the policy expires, the cost of absorbing new migrants was unsustainable and could lead to cuts to existing city programs.
“Our shelter system is full, and we are nearly out of money, staff, and space. To be honest, if corrective measures are not taken soon, we may very well be forced to cut programs New Yorkers rely on,” he said. Adams accused the federal government of ignoring the city’s pleas for aid and accused Republicans and Democrats in Congress of failing to “raise their hand” to help.
27. Why are so many migrants supposed to arrive in New York City?
A. New York City faces a major labor shortage.
B. The immigration policy is to be no longer valid.
C. Washington has announced a new immigration rule.
D. New York City provides them with better living conditions.
28. Which might be a Republican-controlled place?
A. Washington, DC. B. Philadelphia.
C. New York City. D. Texas.
29. What does the underlined phrase “pleas for” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Supplies of. B. Benefits of.
C. Rewards for. D. Demands for.
30. What is the most suitable title for the news report?
A. New York opens 60 emergency shelters
B. New York City hit by new immigrant flow
C. New York City needs help from Washington
D. New York City’s school system enrolls many migrant students
【答案】27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了由于第42條移民政策將失效，大量移民將抵達(dá)紐約，紐約受到了該移民潮的沖擊。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Mayor Eric Adams’ administration warned that 10 to 15 busloads of migrants were expected to arrive this week due to the lifting of Title 42, a Trump-era public health rule passed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.(市長Eric Adams的政府警告稱，由于取消了第42條，預(yù)計(jì)本周將有10至15輛公交車的移民抵達(dá)。第42條是特朗普時(shí)代為應(yīng)對COVID-19大流行而通過的公共衛(wèi)生規(guī)則)”可推知，由于第42條移民政策將不再有效，大量移民將抵達(dá)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Seeking to draw the Biden administration’s attention to the growing immigrant crisis, Republican governors of border states such as Texas and Arizona have been shipping migrants to Democratic-controlled cities such as New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, DC.(為了引起拜登政府對日益嚴(yán)重的移民危機(jī)的關(guān)注，德克薩斯州和亞利桑那州等邊境州的共和黨州長一直在向紐約、費(fèi)城和華盛頓特區(qū)等民主黨控制的城市運(yùn)送移民)”可知，德克薩斯州是共和黨控制的地方。故選D項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Adams accused the federal government of ignoring the city’s pleas for aid and accused Republicans and Democrats in Congress of failing to “raise their hand” to help.(亞當(dāng)斯指責(zé)聯(lián)邦政府無視該市的援助pleas for，并指責(zé)國會(huì)的共和黨人和民主黨人沒有“舉手”幫助)”以及“Our shelter system is full, and we are nearly out of money, staff, and space.(我們的避難所已經(jīng)滿了，我們的錢、人手和空間都快用完了)”可知，此處指請求援助。由此推知，劃線部分為“請求，懇求”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Shortly after 6 am on Monday, buses carrying 200 immigrants rolled into Midtown Manhattan from Texas. (周一早上6點(diǎn)剛過，載著200名移民的大巴車從德克薩斯州駛進(jìn)曼哈頓中城)”第五段“New York has received more than 31, 000 migrants and has opened 60 emergency shelters, mostly in hotels, as well as six other centers.(紐約已經(jīng)接收了3萬1千多名移民，并開設(shè)了60個(gè)緊急避難所，其中大部分在旅館里，此外還有6個(gè)中心)”以及最后一段“Our shelter system is full, and we are nearly out of money, staff, and space. (我們的避難所已經(jīng)滿了，我們的錢、人手和空間都快用完了)”可知，文章主要講了紐約受到移民潮沖擊這一問題。由此可知，New York City hit by new immigrant flow(紐約市遭受新移民潮沖擊)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Russians have made important contributions to the development of science and technology, which has changed our daily life. Here are three Russian contributions for you to read.
Yogurt
Yogurt has a long history. Many Bulgarians claim it, was accidentally discovered in the country around 4, 000 years ago. But there was a Russian biologist named Elie Metchnikoff.____31____
Metchnikoff travelled to Bulgaria and found a lot of people who were a hundred years old or older there. He then investigated the eating habits of residents and found that they often drank fermented (發(fā)酵的) milk.
He also read Bulgarian researcher Stamen Grigorov’s research. In 1905, Grigorov discovered one of the main bacteria in Bulgarian lactic acid bacteria (乳酸菌) responsible for transforming milk into yogurt.
So Metchnikoff came up with a theory that lactic acid is good for human health and prolongs human life. ____32____ He lived to be 71, longer than the average life expectancy at the time after consuming “untold gallons” of yogurt according to Time magazine.
Helicopter
Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky was born on May 25, 1889 in Kiev, which at the time was part of Russia.____33____ Both of his parents were physicians, giving Sikorsky the scientific grounding that he needed to develop aircraft ideas.
In 1939, he achieved his goal. He completed the VS-300, piloting the craft himself during its first flight.
Periodic table
Have you ever memorized the periodic table of elements(元素周期表)?____34____ It is a single document that helps the study and research of chemistry.
On Feb. 17, 1689, Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev wrote down in a hurry the symbols for the chemical elements.____35____ Thus, he invented the periodic table.
It was perhaps the greatest breakthrough in the history of chemistry. Indeed, nothing quite like it exists in the other subjects of science, according to Scientific American.
A. Yogurt is usually very low in fat.
B. They contributed a lot to our society.
C. And to prove it, he drank yogurt every day.
D. He became interested in flight at an early age.
E. He first made its health aspects clear to the public.
F. It is one of the most powerful icons in science.
G. He put them in order according to their atomic weights.
【答案】31. E 32. C 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了三個(gè)與俄羅斯相關(guān)的科學(xué)發(fā)明和發(fā)現(xiàn)。
【31題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“Yogurt has a long history. Many Bulgarians claim it, was accidentally discovered in the country around 4, 000 years ago. But there was a Russian biologist named Elie Metchnikoff.(酸奶有著悠久的歷史。許多保加利亞人聲稱它是在大約4000年前偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的。但是有一個(gè)叫埃利·梅契尼科夫的俄羅斯生物學(xué)家)”可知，上文提到了一位生物學(xué)家，可知本句承接上文說明他對于酸奶的研究，E選項(xiàng)中He指代上文Elie Metchnikoff。故E選項(xiàng)“他首先向公眾闡明了它的健康方面”符合語境，故選E。
【32題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“So Metchnikoff came up with a theory that lactic acid is good for human health and prolongs human life.(因此，梅契尼科夫提出了乳酸對人體健康有益、延長壽命的理論)”以及后文“He lived to be 71, longer than the average life expectancy at the time after consuming “untold gallons” of yogurt according to Time magazine.(據(jù)《時(shí)代》雜志報(bào)道，在喝了“數(shù)不清加侖”的酸奶后，他活到了71歲，超過了當(dāng)時(shí)的平均預(yù)期壽命)”可知，Metchnikoff為了證明乳酸對人體有益，每天都在喝酸奶。故C選項(xiàng)“為了證明這一點(diǎn)，他每天都喝酸奶”符合語境，故選C。
【33題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“Both of his parents were physicians, giving Sikorsky the scientific grounding that he needed to develop aircraft ideas.(他的父母都是醫(yī)生，這給了Sikorsky發(fā)展飛機(jī)想法所需的科學(xué)基礎(chǔ))”提到了給了Sikorsky發(fā)展飛機(jī)想法，可知本句是在說明Sikorsky對飛行感興趣。故D選項(xiàng)“他很小的時(shí)候就對飛行產(chǎn)生了興趣”符合語境，故選D。
【34題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“It is a single document that helps the study and research of chemistry.(這是一個(gè)單一的文件，有助于化學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)和研究)”可知，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是在說明元素周期表的重要性，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)It指代上文the periodic table of elements。故F選項(xiàng)“它是科學(xué)界最有力的標(biāo)志之一”符合語境，故選F。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“On Feb. 17, 1689, Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev wrote down in a hurry the symbols for the chemical elements.(1689年2月17日，俄國化學(xué)家門捷列夫匆忙寫下了化學(xué)元素的符號(hào))”以及后文“Thus, he invented the periodic table.(因此，他發(fā)明了元素周期表)”可知，本句是在說明發(fā)明元素周期表的經(jīng)過，先是寫下元素符號(hào)，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，元素周期表是按原子量排序的。故G選項(xiàng)“他把它們按原子量排序”符合語境，故選G。
第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
My mother-in-law left us an unexpected and priceless gift. After she died, my husband and his sister were ___36___ the contents of her house when they ___37___ every letter that we had written to her during our 46-year marriage. She also kept all the letters that my mother had written to her over the years.
During the pandemic, I’ve had time to read these letters. I read of our early married life, our ___38___ to have children and, especially, the ___39___ of our three children from birth to adulthood, I began writing all these details for my children, and now they have details about when they were small. I discovered much that I had ___40___.
To read the letters written by my mother to my husband’s mother is a ___41___. I wish that I had saved my mother’s letters to me but now I have these letters that tell me things about my mother that I never knew. I see that Mom and my mother-in-law shared their great love for us, their children, and for our children, their grandchildren.
I come from a long line of letter writers and was trained to stay in touch with our parents. My grandparents loved to receive letters from across the ___42___. When I was ___43___ for a student exchange program abroad in 1970, my mother told me that my grandfather kept my airmail letters in his shirt pocket and read them ___44___. Knowing this, I have tried my best to write to our two families ____45____.
To all of you who write to me, I thank you. The handwritten word is a ____46____ tool of friendship; it ____47____ us together.
Perhaps the greatest gift that these letters have given to me is to see how my husband’s parents ____48____ our letters to them. The letters helped them know their grandchildren and feel like part of our lives. I shall file (存檔) them for our children so that they can read the ____49____ of our lives and know that they, too, were cherished.
____50____ writing to those you love. Those letters are our greatest gifts to each other.
36. A. going through B. cutting out C. holding up D. showing off
37. A. addressed B. discovered C. delivered D. marked
38. A. struggle B. rule C. caution D. standard
39. A. habit B. emphasis C. emotion D. progress
40. A. repaired B. forgotten C. earned D. invented
41. A. burden B. joke C. gift D. pity
42. A. ground B. house C. ocean D. street
43. A. inside B. around C. free D. away
44. A. carelessly B. daily C. unwillingly D. sadly
45. A. hurriedly B. regularly C. surprisingly D. forcefully
46. A. powerful B. complex C. convenient D. formal
47. A. bothers B. throws C. covers D. connects
48. A. displayed B. folded C. treasured D. clarified
49. A. boredom B. comfort C. events D. levels
50. A. Keep B. Mind C. Imagine D. Stop
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. C 50. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在婆婆去世后發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多自己和丈夫?qū)懡o婆婆的信，以及作者媽媽寫給婆婆的信，讀著這些信作者回憶起很多生活的細(xì)節(jié)，作者認(rèn)為手寫的文字可以加強(qiáng)情感聯(lián)系，是給彼此最好的禮物。
【36題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她去世后，我丈夫和他的妹妹正在查看她的房子，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們46年婚姻期間寫給她的每封信。A. going through翻找、徹查；B. cutting out剪下；C. holding up舉起；D. showing off炫耀。由下文的“every letter that we had written to her during our 46-year marriage”可知，只有翻找房子才能找出這些信件。故選A項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她去世后，我丈夫和他的妹妹正在查看她的房子，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們46年婚姻期間寫給她的每封信。A. addressed演講；B. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. delivered遞送；D. marked做記號(hào)。由上文語境可知，作者丈夫和他的妹妹翻找房子時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些信件，呼應(yīng)下文的“I discovered much”。故選B項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我讀到了我們早年的婚姻生活，我們?yōu)轲B(yǎng)育孩子而奮斗，尤其是我們?nèi)齻€(gè)孩子從出生到成年的進(jìn)步，我開始為我的孩子們寫下所有這些細(xì)節(jié)，現(xiàn)在孩子們有了他們小時(shí)候的細(xì)節(jié)。A. struggle奮斗；B. rule規(guī)則；C. caution小心；D. standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。由下文的“to have children”和常識(shí)可知，結(jié)婚之后，大多數(shù)人要為養(yǎng)育孩子而奮斗。故選A項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我讀到了我們早年的婚姻生活，我們?yōu)轲B(yǎng)育孩子而奮斗，尤其是我們?nèi)齻€(gè)孩子從出生到成年的進(jìn)步，我開始為我的孩子們寫下所有這些細(xì)節(jié)，現(xiàn)在孩子們有了他們小時(shí)候的細(xì)節(jié)。A. habit習(xí)慣；B. emphasis強(qiáng)調(diào)；C. emotion情緒；D. progress進(jìn)步。由上文的“every letter that we had written to her during our 46-year marriage (我們46年婚姻期間寫給她的每封信)”和下文的“of our three children from birth to adulthood”可知，作者多年婚姻寫了很多信，信中包含作者孩子們從出生到成年的點(diǎn)滴進(jìn)步。故選D項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多我忘記的東西。A. repaired修理；B. forgotten忘記；C. earned贏得；D. invented發(fā)明。由上文語境可知，作者讀完信才想起結(jié)婚多年來的一些事情，可得出有些事情作者已經(jīng)忘記了。故選B項(xiàng)。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：讀我母親寫給我丈夫母親的信是一份禮物。A. burden負(fù)擔(dān)；B. joke笑話；C. gift禮物；D. pity遺憾。呼應(yīng)上文的“My mother-in-law left us an unexpected and priceless gift. (我婆婆給我們留下了一份意想不到的無價(jià)禮物)”和下文的“Perhaps the greatest gift that these letters have given to me (也許這些信給我的最大禮物)”及“Those letters are our greatest gifts to each other. (這些信是我們送給彼此的最大禮物)”講這些信是一份禮物。故選C項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的祖父母喜歡收到來自大洋彼岸的來信。A. ground地面；B. house房子；C. ocean海洋；D. street街道。由下文的“When I was ___8___ for a student exchange program abroad in 1970 ”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)身處國外，作者的祖父母能收到來自大洋彼岸的來信。故選C項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：1970年，當(dāng)我出國參加學(xué)生交換項(xiàng)目時(shí)，我的母親告訴我，我的祖父把我的航空信放在他的襯衫口袋里，每天都讀。A. inside在里面；B. around環(huán)繞；C. free自由地；D. away離開。由下文的“for a student exchange program abroad in 1970”可知，作者1970年離開家出國參加學(xué)生交換項(xiàng)目。故選D項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：1970年，當(dāng)我出國參加學(xué)生交換項(xiàng)目時(shí)，我的母親告訴我，我的祖父把我的航空信放在他的襯衫口袋里，每天都讀。A. carelessly粗心地；B. daily每天地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. sadly悲傷地。由上文的“My grandparents loved to receive letters (我的祖父母喜歡收到來信)”和“my grandfather kept my airmail letters in his shirt pocket and read them”可知，作者的祖父很珍視這些信，把作者的航空信放在他的襯衫口袋里，目的是隨時(shí)都讀、每天都讀。故選B項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：知道這一點(diǎn)后，我已盡力經(jīng)常給我們兩個(gè)家庭寫信。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. regularly經(jīng)常；C. surprisingly驚人地；D. forcefully激烈地。由上文語境可知，作者的祖父很珍視這些信，把作者的航空信放在他的襯衫口袋里每天都讀，作者體會(huì)到這份感情，所以盡力經(jīng)常給自己的兩個(gè)家庭寫信。故選B項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：手寫字是友誼的有力工具；它將我們聯(lián)系在一起。A. powerful強(qiáng)有力的；B. complex復(fù)雜的；C. convenient方便的；D. formal正式的。由下文的“tool of friendship”和常識(shí)可知，信里的手寫字可以表達(dá)想法，傳遞情感，是友誼的有力工具。故選A項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：手寫字是友誼的有力工具；它將我們聯(lián)系在一起。A. bothers打擾；B. throws扔掉；C. covers覆蓋；D. connects連接。由下文的“The letters helped them know their grandchildren and feel like part of our lives. (這些信幫助他們認(rèn)識(shí)了自己的孫輩，讓他們覺得自己是我們生活的一部分)”可知，信里的手寫字讓老一輩了解年輕一輩，起著連接作用。故選D項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：也許這些信給我的最大禮物就是看看我丈夫的父母是如何珍惜我們寫給他們的信的。A. displayed展示；B. folded折疊；C. treasured珍視；D. clarified澄清。呼應(yīng)上文的“After she died, my husband and his sister were ___1___ the contents of her house when they ___2___ every letter that we had written to her during our 46-year marriage. She also kept all the letters that my mother had written to her over the years. (她去世后，我丈夫和他的妹妹正在查看她的房子，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們46年婚姻期間寫給她的每封信。她還保存了我母親多年來寫給她的所有信件)”講作者婆婆珍惜作者寫給她的信件，呼應(yīng)下文的“they, too, were cherished (他們也受到了珍視)”。故選C項(xiàng)。
49題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我將把它們歸檔給我們的孩子，讓他們能夠閱讀我們生活中的事件，并知道他們也受到了珍視。A. boredom厭倦；B. comfort安慰；C. events事件；D. levels水平。呼應(yīng)上文講信中包含作者多年婚姻生活中的點(diǎn)滴事件。故選C項(xiàng)。
【50題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：繼續(xù)給你愛的人寫信。A. Keep繼續(xù)，保持；B. Mind介意；C. Imagine想象；D. Stop停止。由下文的“Those letters are our greatest gifts to each other. (這些信是我們送給彼此的最大禮物)”可知，作者認(rèn)為寫信很重要，所以呼吁讀者繼續(xù)給自己愛的人寫信。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Last week, I was invited to a doctor’s meeting at the Rush Hospital. In one of the rooms a patient, who was an old man, got up from his bed and moved slowly towards me. I could see that he hadn’t a long time to live, but he came up to me, and placed his right foot close to mine on the floor. He compared his to mine and watched ____51____(intent). “Frank!” I cried in surprise, but he tried to smile, all the time keeping his foot close to mine.
My thoughts raced back to more than thirty years ago. My memory was ____52____(associate) with the dark days of 1941, when I was a student in London. The scene was an air-raid shelter(防空洞), in which about a hundred people slept every night.____53____ we had to stay there was to make sure of our safety. That was the reason. Among them were Mrs. West and her son Frank. Why Frank interested me was ____54____ he was not normal. He had never been normal, ever since he was born. His mother told me he was 37 then, but he had less of a mind than a baby had. Mrs. West, then 75, was a strong, able woman, as she had to be of course, because Frank relied ____55____ her completely. ____56____(raise) her disabled son was no easy job. She was a representative of a kind and she devoted ____57____ (she) to looking after him.
One night a policeman came into our shelter and told Mrs. West that her house ____58____(destroy) already. That wasn’t quite true. Though ____59____(damage) badly, their house could still be used because the Wests went on living there for quite some time. But they certainly lost nearly everything they owned. The _____60_____(restore) of the buildings needed a lot of time.
I stood beside Frank and measured my right foot against his. They were about the same size. That night then, I took a spare pair of shoes to the shelter for Frank. As soon as he saw me, he came running—and placed his right foot against mine. After that, he always greeted me in the same way.
【答案】51. intently
52. associated
53. Why 54. that
55 on 56. Raising
57. herself
58. had been destroyed
59. damaged
60. restoration
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述作者受邀參加拉什醫(yī)院的一個(gè)醫(yī)生會(huì)議時(shí)遇到了一位熟人Frank，令作者回憶起了30年他們前相遇時(shí)的情景。
【51題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：他把他的和我的比了比，聚精會(huì)神地看著。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞watched。故填intently。
【52題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我的記憶與1941年的黑暗日子有關(guān)，當(dāng)時(shí)我還是倫敦的一名學(xué)生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，動(dòng)詞associate和句子主語My memory是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞形式，表示被動(dòng)，作表語。故填associated。
【53題詳解】
考查主語從句。句意：我們要呆在那里的原因是為了確保我們的安全。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，空格處引導(dǎo)主語從句，從句基本成分完整，上下文需要“為什么”的意思，用連詞why引導(dǎo)，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Why。
【54題詳解】
考查表語從句。句意：弗蘭克之所以讓我感興趣，是因?yàn)樗徽?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，空格處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句基本成分完整，上下文意思連貫，用連詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
【55題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)75歲的維斯特夫人是一個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、能干的女人，這當(dāng)然是她必須要做的，因?yàn)楦ヌm克完全依賴她。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查動(dòng)詞短語rely on，意為“依賴，依靠”。故填on。
【56題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：撫養(yǎng)她殘疾的兒子可不是件容易的事。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要?jiǎng)用~作主語，表示客觀事實(shí)，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Raising。
【57題詳解】
考查反身代詞。句意：她是一個(gè)善良的代表，她全心全意地照顧他。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要反身代詞，作賓語，意為“她自己”。故填herself。
【58題詳解】
考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：一天晚上，一名警察來到我們的避難所，告訴維斯特夫人她的房子已經(jīng)被摧毀了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)作destroy發(fā)生在主句謂語told之前，動(dòng)詞和句子主語her house是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。故填had been destroyed。
【59題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：盡管被損壞的很嚴(yán)重，但他們的房子仍然可以使用，因?yàn)槲鞣饺嗽谀抢镒×撕荛L一段時(shí)間。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，動(dòng)詞damage和句子主語their house是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞形式，表示被動(dòng)。故填damaged。
【60題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：這些建筑的修復(fù)需要很多時(shí)間。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要名詞restoration，作主語，意為“修復(fù)”，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填restoration。
第三節(jié) (共10小題：每小題1分，滿分10分)
用所給單詞的正確形式完成句子(每空一詞)
61. I’ve had a lifelong ______(fascinate) with the sea and with small boats. (用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】fascination
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我一生都對大海和小船著迷。分析句子可知，空處被lifelong修飾，作had的賓語，應(yīng)用fascinate的名詞形式fascination，意為“著迷”，且空前有a lifelong，fascination用單數(shù)形式。故填fascination。
62. This district is getting more and more ______ (prosper) and attractive. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】prosperous
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這個(gè)地區(qū)越來越繁榮，越來越有吸引力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要形容詞prosperous，和后面的attractive一起作表語。故填prosperous。
63. We are ______ (profound) affected by what happens to us in our childhood. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】profoundly
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞。句意：童年時(shí)發(fā)生的事情深深地影響著我們。此處修飾動(dòng)詞affected應(yīng)用副詞profoundly。故填profoundly。
64. He always has sympathy for those homeless ______ (wretch). (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】wretches
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他總是同情那些無家可歸的可憐人。根據(jù)those可知用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填wretches。
65. So much ______ (emphasize) is placed on the school as a transmitter of moral values. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】emphasis
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：學(xué)校作為道德價(jià)值觀的傳遞者受到了如此多的重視。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要名詞emphasis，意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)，重要性”，作主語，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填emphasis。
66. He’s quite ______ (dedicate) to his students and so he has won their appreciation. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】dedicated
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他對學(xué)生非常忠誠，因此贏得了他們的贊賞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中做表語表示屬性，使用形容詞，因句子的主語he是空白處的邏輯賓語，所以空白處應(yīng)填V-ed形式的形容詞，故填dedicated。
67. The cost of living in Europe has increased ______ (dramatic). (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】dramatically
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞。句意：歐洲的生活成本急劇上升。此處修飾動(dòng)詞has increased，應(yīng)用副詞dramatically，作狀語。故填dramatically。
68. His sudden ________(depart) threw the office into chaos. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】departure
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他的突然離去使得這個(gè)部門陷入一片混亂。根據(jù)句子含義，分析句子可知，該處應(yīng)填名詞，故填departure。
69. Why are you so ______ (mystery)? Why don’t you tell me all the truth? (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】mysterious
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：你為什么這么神秘？你為什么不把真相都告訴我？分析句子可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填形容詞，作表語，“mystery”為名詞，根據(jù)句意可知，空格處應(yīng)用“mysterious”，意為“神秘的”，形容詞詞性。故填mysterious。
70. To ______ (exposure) something that is usually hidden means to uncover it so that it can be seen. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
【答案】expose
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：暴露通常被隱藏的東西是指揭開它，使它能被看到。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是to是不定式的標(biāo)志，所以空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，exposure的動(dòng)詞形式是expose。故填expose。
第四部分 寫作(滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)
71. 假如你是李華，你校國際部的交流生Tom給你發(fā)來電子郵件，說他在即將到來的考試前出現(xiàn)了憂慮、頭痛、睡眠差等情況，請你給他發(fā)一封電子郵件提出你的建議，內(nèi)容包括：
1．說明考試的目的；
2．為考試做好必要的準(zhǔn)備；
3．注意健康飲食、運(yùn)動(dòng)和睡眠等。
注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；
2．郵件開頭已為你寫好（不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）。
Dear Tom,
I have received your email saying that you are worried about the coming exam.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I have received your email saying that you are worried about the coming exam. It is common for most of us students, but I think we can get rid of it.
First of all, in my opinion, it’s important for us to have a wise attitude towards exams. They are only a means of checking how we are getting along with our studies, so there is no need to worry too much about the results. Furthermore, study hard every day and make careful plans for every exam. Only in this way can we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams. In addition, enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us to perform well in an exam. Therefore, during the period of exams, we should not stay up too late. We can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed. They might help us to have a sound sleep.
I hope my suggestions will meet with you approval.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生寫一封電子郵件幫助Tom解決考前焦慮問題。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累（同義詞）
常見的：common →ordinary
重要的：important →significant

除了：In addition → besides
建議：suggestion →advice
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：First of all, in my opinion, it’s important for us to have a wise attitude towards exams.
拓展句：First of all, in my opinion, it’s important that we should have a wise attitude towards exams.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】They are only a means of checking how we are getting along with our studies, so there is no need to worry too much about the results.（運(yùn)用了how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）
【高分句型2】Only in this way can we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams.（運(yùn)用了部分倒裝句）
第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫(滿分20分)
72. Tom appeared in front of the house with a can of paint and a big brush. He was going to paint Aunt Poly’s fence as he was asked to. A deep sadness settled upon his heart. The fence was long and tall. He dipped the brush into the can and moved it along the first plank (板條) unwillingly. He did it again and again. The painted part was very small but the whole fence was endless. He felt tired and sleepy and stopped painting.
Just then Tom heard a noise. He recognized it easily. It came from one of his schoolmates, Ben, who would make strange noises as he ate. Ben was walking by and eating an apple. At that moment, a wonderful idea came to Tom and he began to, cheer up. He wanted first to arouse Ben’s interest and then let Ben work for him. If other boys passed by, he would do the same to them. “Maybe they even need to give me something for getting the chance to show their ability,” he thought.
He quickly took his brush and painted quietly. Ben saw Tom, walked up to him and greeted him with a wide smile.
Continuing with his painting, Tom intentionally did not look at Ben. He wished for his plan to work and therefore, he did not turn around from his work. Tom moved his brush gently and slowly, all the while taking no notice of Ben. Ben went closer and taunted (奚落)Tom, “Tom, it’s unfortunate that you have work to do. I’m going swimming. Don’t you wish you could go, too?”
Tom turned suddenly. “Oh, Ben. I didn’t see you. What do you mean by ‘unfortunate’? It may be work but it may not be.”
“Do you mean that you enjoy it?” Ben asked, feeling puzzled.
“Of course! How often do we get the chance to be in charge of painting a whole fence?” said Tom. Moving his brush and stepping away, Tom looked at the end result proudly.
Ben went closer to Tom, seeming curious. He stopped eating his applet watched Torn and became more and more interested. He then begged Tom to allow him to paint the fence. He even offered Tom his half-eaten apple. Tom directly refused and said, “Aunt Poly wants this main fence to be perfect. If it were the fence behind the house, you could help, but this main fence along the street must be done very carefully. Everyone can see it. There is hot one boy in a thousand who can do it well.”
注意：1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Again and again, Ben insisted on (堅(jiān)持) being given the chance to have a try.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Again and again, Ben insisted on (堅(jiān)持) being given the chance to have a try. At last, Tom handed the brush to Ben “unwillingly” and sat under a tree to watch Ben do the work for him. Other boys came along and stopped to laugh, but eventually, like Ben, they wanted to paint the fence too. Tom was excited. Each boy gave some sort of payment to work. By then, Tom’s plan had become very fruitful. The whole fence was painted nicely without Tom sweating a bit and on top of that, he even got some earnings. At last Tom took his reward and went home happily.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了Tom要按照保利姨媽的要求給她的籬笆刷漆，但是Tom很不情愿，于是他想了個(gè)辦法讓自己的同學(xué)Ben來完成這一項(xiàng)工作。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
根據(jù)首句內(nèi)容“一次又一次，Ben堅(jiān)持要給他一次嘗試的機(jī)會(huì)”可知，第一段可描寫B(tài)en渴望做這項(xiàng)工作，Tom假裝不情愿讓Ben干活。整個(gè)籬笆都刷得很漂亮，Tom一點(diǎn)也沒出汗。他甚至還得到了一些收入。
2.續(xù)寫線索：堅(jiān)持嘗試——給予機(jī)會(huì)——其他男孩想嘗試——完成工作——得到報(bào)酬
3.詞匯激活
行為類
遞給：hand to/hand over
給予：give/offer
想要：want to/feel like doing
情緒類
有成效的：fruitful /productive
不情愿：unwillingly /reluctantly
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Other boys came along and stopped to laugh, but eventually, like Ben, they wanted to paint the fence too. (運(yùn)用了but連接并列句)
[高分句型2] The whole fence was painted nicely without Tom sweating a bit and on top of that, he even got some earnings. (運(yùn)用了一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài))



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