專題12 詞匯無憂 詞組在手g~p——【備考2023】高考英語必背知識點梳理+思維導(dǎo)圖（全國通用版）

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專題12 詞匯無憂 詞組在手g~p序號詞組詞性及詞意g開頭get along with與……相處get away逃;離get back返回;回來;回家get close (to)接近get down降下get down to開始認(rèn)真（做某事）get in進(jìn)入,收獲,達(dá)到get off脫下（衣服等）；下車get on上車；過活get on with sb.與……相處get through通過,撥通（電話）get together聚會,聯(lián)歡get up起床give away分發(fā)give back歸還；送回give in屈服,讓步give out分發(fā)give up放?go ahead走在前面,領(lǐng)先；干吧,干下去go away走開,離去go by走過;經(jīng)過;過去go fishing (shopping, skating)（去）釣魚（買東西,滑冰）go for主張go for a walk散步go in for參加,喜歡go off走開go on繼續(xù)go on doing...繼續(xù)干某事,不停地干某事go on with繼續(xù)go out出去,熄滅go over仔細(xì)檢查,復(fù)習(xí)go through瀏覽;翻閱,通過gold medal金牌grow up長大成人,成長h開頭had better (do)最好（做）hand in上交;交納hand out分發(fā)hang on（打電話時）不掛斷,等待片刻hang up掛斷電話have a cold患感冒have a gift for對……有天賦have a good time玩得高興,過得愉快have classes上課have fun with玩得高興have got to不得不；必須have to不得不；必須hear from收到……的來信hear of聽說,知道help oneself to請隨便吃點help sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事help...out幫助某人解決困難hide and seek捉迷藏hold on等一等（別掛電話）hold one's breath不出氣,屏住呼吸hold out伸出；堅持,維持hold up阻擋,使停頓hot dogn.熱狗(紅腸面包)human being人hundreds of幾百,成百上千hurry up趕快,快點i開頭ice creamn.冰淇淋in a hurry匆忙,很快地in a word簡言之,總之in all總之in common共同,共有in danger處在危險狀態(tài)in debt欠債in fact事實上,實際上in front of在……前面in need of需要,缺少in order按順序in order that為了in order to為了in other words換句話說in peace安靜,寧靜in public當(dāng)眾；公開in surprise吃驚,驚訝in the end最后,終于in time及時,來得及information desk問訊處instead of代替,而不是j開頭join in參加,加入join up聯(lián)合起來,聯(lián)結(jié)起來junk food沒有營養(yǎng)的垃圾食品junk mail塞到郵箱的廣告宣傳品just now現(xiàn)在,剛才k開頭keep back留下keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事keep off勿踏;勿踩keep on繼續(xù)（進(jìn)行）keep one's word守信keep up保持;維持;繼續(xù)kind hearteda.好心的knock at敲knock into sb.撞上l開頭laugh at嘲笑lead to導(dǎo)致,導(dǎo)向left handeda.慣用左手的let in讓……進(jìn)來,放進(jìn)let out放掉,泄露letter boxn.信箱live on以…為主食,靠…為生look after照顧look ahead向前看,展望未來look down upon看不起,輕視look for尋找look forward to盼望look into向…里面看去;調(diào)查look out留神,當(dāng)心look through看穿,瀏覽look up查找lots of許多,大量m開頭make a face做鬼臉,做苦臉make friends with與……交朋友make up和解,化裝make up of由……組成,構(gòu)成make up one's mind下決心man madea.人造的,人工的maple leaves楓葉may modalv.可以;也許,可能melon seed瓜子mid autumnn.中秋Middle Eastn.中東millions of成百萬上千萬,數(shù)以百萬計mobile phone手提電話,手機moon caken.月餅more or less或多或少must modalv.必須,應(yīng)當(dāng);必定是n開頭neither...nor既不……也不……New Zealand*n.新西蘭New Zealandern.新西蘭人next to緊接著,相鄰,次于night clubn.夜總會no doubt無疑地no longer不再not any more不再not at all一點也不,絕非not only ... but also不僅…而且…not so...as不像,不如not till/until直到……才now and then不時,偶爾now that既然o開頭of course當(dāng)然Olympic Gamesn.奧運會on (the, an) average平均,按平均數(shù)計算on duty值日,值班on foot走路,步行on show展出,在上演（放映）on time準(zhǔn)時on/over the radio通過收音機once again再一次once more再一次once upon a time從前,很久以前one after another一個接一個open up開啟；開創(chuàng);開辟opera housen.歌劇院,藝術(shù)劇院or else否則,要不然ought to應(yīng)該out of breath上氣不接下氣out of order運轉(zhuǎn)不正常,出毛病out of work失業(yè)over and over again反復(fù),多次重復(fù)p開頭part timea.&ad.兼職的；部分時間的（地）pass by經(jīng)過passer byn.過客,過路人pay attention to注意pay back償還（借款等）pay for付款pay off償清(欠款等)pencil boxn.鉛筆盒pencil sharpener轉(zhuǎn)筆刀persuade sb. to do說服phone boothn.公用電話間pick out選出pick up拾起,撿起,接收；開車去接……point out指出point to指向prevent ... from妨礙,,防止,,預(yù)防primary school小學(xué)put away儲存put down記下put off推遲put on穿,戴上,上演put on a performance演出put on weight發(fā)福,增加體重put out撲滅,關(guān)熄put up掛起,舉起,貼（廣告等）put up with忍受 一、單項選擇1．—What can I do for you, sir?—No, I only want to speak to the person         .A．in danger B．in returnC．in peace D．in charge2．They have discussed for two years of drafting a new law to control the pollution but when it will be put _____ is still unknown.A．into operation B．in effect C．to use D．to practice3．No one will        your bad behavior any longer.A．keep up with B．get in touch with C．put up with D．communicate with4．         everyone here，I’d like to thank our special guest for his entertaining speech.A．In case of B．In favor ofC．Instead of D．On behalf of5．Reciting does much good in language learning and it ________ helps to learn science subjects better.A．in return B．by chance C．in turn D．for once6．They sold grain        during times of famine.A．to their credit B．in creditC．on credit D．on credit card7．After a month their food supplies________ and they were faced with starvation.A．gave off B．gave away C．gave out D．gave way to8．As a hitch-hiker, I had to ______ to the driver the idea that I was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply.A．get through B．get across C．get over D．get down9．—Did Mr.Wood catch the train?—Yes.He was lucky enough to get on the train before it         .A．pulled on B．pulled downC．pulled in D．pulled out10．He jumped on the last bus just as it was        ，so he wasn’t late for work.A．pulling away B．pulling overC．pulling up D．pulling through11．—What’s the weather like today?—Sunny but freezing cold, so you should put on more clothes to          yourself          the cold.A．prevent; from B．keep; fromC．protect; of D．protect; from12．All those weeks of studying will        when you take the important exam.A．pay back B．pay offC．pay for D．pay up13．—Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition.—Oh, really? I’m glad that his efforts at last       .A．worked out B．got backC．paid off D．turned out14．When my neighbours came out to do morning exercises, I also________.A．took part B．joined inC．attended D．took part in15．When he hurried to the railway station，tired and     ，Mike found the train had just left.A．out of sight B．out of reachC．out of place D．out of breath   參考答案：1．D【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：——先生，有什么可以幫助你的嗎？——沒有，我只是想要和負(fù)責(zé)人說話。A. in danger 在危險中，有…的危險；B. in return 作為回報，作為回應(yīng)；C. in peace 平安地，安靜地；D. in charge 主管，看管，在…看管下。分析上下文意思可知，這里需要介詞短語in charge，作后置定語，意為“負(fù)責(zé)，掌管”。故選D。2．A【詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：他們?yōu)橹付刂莆廴镜男路ㄒ?guī)已討論了兩年，但是何時實施卻仍是個未知數(shù)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查動詞短語put into operation，意為“投入實施；實行”。故選A。3．C【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：將沒有人再忍受你的不良行為。A. keep up with趕上；B. get in touch with保持聯(lián)系；C. put up with忍受；D. communicate with交流。根據(jù)后文“your bad behavior”指忍受壞習(xí)慣，應(yīng)用put up with。故選C。4．D【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：代表所有在場的人，我要感謝我們的特別嘉賓發(fā)表的有趣的演講。A.In case of如果；萬一；B.In favor of支持； C.Instead of 代替；D.On behalf of代表。由句意可知，此處應(yīng)是“代表所有在場的人，我想……”，on behalf of代表，符合句意。故選D。5．C【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：背誦對語言學(xué)習(xí)很有好處，相應(yīng)地，也有助于更好地學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)學(xué)科。A. in return作為回報；B. by chance偶然；C. in turn反過來，相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；D. for once僅此一次。結(jié)合語境，表示背誦轉(zhuǎn)而又有利于學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)學(xué)科。故選C項。6．C【詳解】考查名詞短語辨析。句意：在饑荒時，他們靠賒帳賣掉谷物。A. to their credit值得稱贊的；B. in credit信用，結(jié)余；C. on credit賒賬；D. on credit card在信用卡上。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指“賒賬”應(yīng)用on credit。故選C。7．C【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一個月后，他們的食物供給用完了，他們面臨著饑餓。A. gave off發(fā)出（光、熱等）；B. gave away贈送、泄露；C. gave out分發(fā)、用完、停止運行；D. gave way to給……讓路、讓步。由句中“starvation”（饑餓）可知，他們的食品供給應(yīng)該是用完了，故用gave out。故選C。8．B【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：作為一名搭便車的人，我必須讓司機明白我是一個真正的旅行者，并且需要廉價到達(dá)某個地方。A. get through (設(shè)法)處理；B. get across解釋清楚；C. get over克服；D. get down下來。根據(jù)“the idea that I was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply.”可知，我必須讓司機明白我是一個真正的旅行者。get sth across (to sb)被傳達(dá)；被理解；把……講清楚。故選B項9．D【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：——伍德先生趕上火車了嗎？——是的。他很幸運，在火車開出之前就上了車。A. pulled on穿上；B. pulled down拆毀，推翻；C. pulled in進(jìn)站；D. pulled out駛出。由句意可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是“在火車開出之前駛出”。故選D。10．A【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在末班公交車正要開走時他跳上了車，因此上班沒有遲到。A. pulling away開始移動；B. pulling over靠邊停車；C. pulling up停下；D. pulling through 恢復(fù)健康，精神狀況轉(zhuǎn)好，情緒轉(zhuǎn)好。結(jié)合句意，他是在最后一趟末班車開車時跳上了車，這樣上班才不會遲到。故選A項。11．D【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：——今天天氣怎么樣？——陽光明媚，但是很冷，所以你應(yīng)該多穿點衣服來御寒。此處考查“保護(hù)……免受……的侵害”，表達(dá)為動詞短語protect...from...；而keep...from.../prevent...from...意為“阻止某人做某事”。故選D項。12．B【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)你們參加重要的考試時，這幾周的學(xué)習(xí)將會得到成功。A. pay back償還；B. pay off得到成功；C. pay for支付；D. pay up全部付清。結(jié)合句意，“得到回報”符合題意。故選B項。13．C【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：——李峰（音譯）在全國英語競賽中獲得一等獎。——哦,真的嗎?我很高興他的努力終于有了回報。A. worked out鍛煉；B. got back回到；C. paid off取得成功；D. turned out結(jié)果是。根據(jù)前文“I’m glad that his efforts”可知，此處表達(dá)“努力有回報”之意，應(yīng)用paid off。故選C項。14．B【詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：鄰居們出來做早操時，我也跟著一起做。A. take part參加比賽；take part的賓語是比賽；B. join in加入活動；表示成為活動其中的一員；C. attend 出席；賓語為會議/婚禮/葬禮或課程；D. take part in 參加，賓語為活動；根據(jù)句意分析可知，此處跟鄰居一起做早操，因此是成為群體中的一員。因此需要使用joined in。故選B。15．D【詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。句意為：當(dāng)邁克勞累并且上氣不接下氣地趕到火車站時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)火車剛開走。A. out of sight看不見；B. out of reach夠不著；C. out of place不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫?/span>D. out of breath上氣不接下氣。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示的是“上氣不接下氣”應(yīng)為out of breath符合句意。故選D項。