
?Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World
過去分詞做定語,賓補和狀語
一、單項選擇
1.The two students ________ in the fight apologized to each other.
A.involving B.involved C.to involve D.being involved
2.At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A.referred to being B.referred to be C.refer to being D.refer to be
3.The top of the house is an old boat ________ upside down.
A.to turn B.turning C.turns D.turned
4.Music _________ by the British musician attracts music lovers all over the world.
A.to write B.to be written C.written D.writing
5.The volunteer decided to help the boy ______ drugs.
A.a(chǎn)ddicted with B.a(chǎn)ddicted to
C.a(chǎn)ddicting with D.a(chǎn)ddicting to
6.A recent study ___________by the Peking University found that 60% of the students suffered anxiety before the exams.
A.having carried out B.carried out C.carrying out D.to be carried out
7.He criticized the repressive methods ______ by the country’s government.
A.employed B.engaged C.existed D.edited
8.The computer centre, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened
9.Now she is a model and performance artist ________ to ocean conservation.
A.devoted B.devoting C.to devote D.devote
10.After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A.providing B.provided C.having provided D.to provide
11.Mrs. Fitz was very much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ______ went wrong again.
A.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired
12.The old man from Australia was very happy when he was able to make himself ______ in his broken Chinese.
A.understand B.to understand C.understanding D.understood
13.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves________ for words.
A.losing B.lost C.loses D.be lost
14.The expert gives many presentations and talks in order to get more people ________ in the conversation of ocean life.
A.involving B.involved C.being involved D.involve
15.His bike was broken and he wanted to have it ________.
A.repaired B.to repair C.to be repaired D.repairing
16.With the Olympic flame ________, the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics came to an end on February 20th.
A.to extinguish B.extinguishes C.extinguished D.extinguishing
17.In the room, we found her seated at a desk, with her attention ________ on a book.
A.fixing B.fixes C.fixed D.to fix
18.—It seems that the manager is unhappy.
—Surely he is. Steve left the company with his work ______.
A.leaving unfinished B.left unfinished C.leaving to finish D.left finishing
19.Simon put up a picture of Jordan beside his bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams.
A.reminding B.to remind C.reminded D.remind
20.The jokes told by Tom made us ________, so the teacher couldn’t make himself ________.
A.to laugh; hearing B.laugh; heard C.laughing; hear D.laughed; heard
21. on figures from six different European cities,the report is reliable.
A.Based B.Basing C.To base D.Base
22.________from the tower, the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees.
A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.To be seen
23.Paris is the capital and largest city of France, ______ on the River Seine.
A.located B.locating C.being located D.locates
24.In order not to be disturbed, he spent three hours ______ in the study.
A.locking B.locked C.to lock D.being locked
25.______ enough care, the children can cooperate better.
A.To give B.Giving C.Having given D.Given
26.______ for burning the food, the careless cook was fired at last.
A.Blaming B.To be blamed C.To blame D.Blamed
27._________ in his study, he wasn’t aware that all the others had left.
A.Bury B.Buried C.Burying D.Having buried
28._________ on the analysis about it, we changed the basic use of it.
A.Based B.Basing C.Basis D.Basic
29.________ what it is now, it was a small place then.
A.Compared to B.Compare to
C.Comparing to D.Compare with
30.________ automatically (自動地), the e-mail will be received by all the club members.
A.Mailed out B.Mailing out C.To mail out D.Having mailed out
二、用單詞的適當形式完成句子
31.At first English ________(speak) in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.
32.I borrowed a book ______________ ( write ) by Mark Twain from the library .
33.The cashless paying system ____________ (install) three years ago helps reduce students queueing time.
34.The painting___________(assess)at 100,000 dollars was found stolen last week.
35.The pictures___________(nail) on the wall have witnessed many happy moments of the family.
36.A month later, the boy_________(abandon) by his parents was adopted by an old man.
37.The town _________ (found) by English settlers in 1790 has become a big wealthy city.
38.What are you going to do with the letters________(return) this morning?
39.Football is a good game________(play)by boys in schools.
40.These ________ (use) plastic bottles can be recycled.
41.The movements ________(add)to the ballet will make it more appealing to the audience.
42.We can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball ________(make)of plastic bags.
43.The old temple___________(damage)in the earthquake is being rebuilt.
44.At my birthday party, I received a pencil box ______(decorate)with some cartoon pictures on the top.
45.You don’t have to get college education but the experience _______(relate) to the job is essential (必要的).
46.The message________(convey)is clear, “Actions speak louder than words.”
47.This is an organization_______ (make) up of eight countries.
48.She is currently the highest ________(rank)player in the world.
49.Hurry up! There is little time ________ (leave) for us to catch up with the last bus.
50.With his attention _______ (concentrate) on his book, he noticed nothing indoors.
51.The picture will keep me __________ (remind) of the old days I spent with her.
52.In art criticism, you must assume that the artist has a message ______ (hide) within his/her work.
53.We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny __________ (work) out whatever they were going to be.
54.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ________(speak) as much as we can.
55.With all his spare time____________ (devote)to the research, the scientist almost has no time for a holiday.
56.I still find it terrifying to find myself___________(surround) by large numbers of dogs.
57.It’s better to get your car ___________(wash) before you get into the city.
58.When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always keep my sheep____________(tie) to a tree on the riverbank.
59.We completely solved the problem with many scientific methods_______(use).
60.With all the work ______ (finish), they hurried back home for lunch.
61.My teachers keep parents ________ (inform) of children’s performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat.
62.The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory ________(destroy).
63.It’s too cold. Please keep the windows ________(close).
64.My elder sister had her wallet __________ (steal) on a bus last month.
65.After a discussion, they decided to have the plan__________(improve).
66.He drove along with all the car windows ________(wind) up.
67.I’d like to see the plan ____________(carry) out.
68.________(drive) by ambition, he determines to write a book of his childhood.
69.________(inspire) by the message of the project, people felt that we should act now.
70.________ (bury) in her study, she paid no attention to what was happening.
71.________(compare) with other athletes, he is much more graceful.
72.________ (base) on a true story, the book has caught much attention.
73.______________(attract) by the Grand Canyon in this region, the professor observed the waterfall in the valley.
74.________(laugh) at by many people, he continued his study.
75.________(lose) in thought, he didn’t know his classmates had left the classroom.
76.____________(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
77.________(bring) up in an educated family, he knows a lot about it.
78.When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely ________(absorb) in the humorous stories he was reading.
79._______ (build) 30 years ago, the house is still very stable.
80.Shanghai, ________ (locate) in the east of China, has been undergoing a fierce fight against COVID -19.
參考答案:
1.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:參與打架的兩個學生互相道歉。分析句子可知,空處應(yīng)用動詞非謂語形式作后置定語,與邏輯主語The two students之間是被動關(guān)系,且所講事件已發(fā)生,故此處應(yīng)用動詞過去分詞作后置定語,因此應(yīng)用involved。故選B項。
2.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞,虛擬語氣。句意:在辦公室例行會議上,校長堅持要特別注意提到的問題。分析句子成分可知,“insisted”后為賓語從句,因為“insist”詞義為“堅持要求”時,引導的賓語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣(should) do,又因賓語從句的主語為“the problems”,所以謂語動詞應(yīng)為(should) be done;“refer to”詞義為“涉及,提到”,應(yīng)為過去分詞形式作后置定語修飾前面的名詞“the problems”。故選B。
3.D
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:房子的頂部是一艘倒過來的舊船。動詞turn和boat之間是動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故選D。
4.C
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:英國音樂家創(chuàng)作的音樂吸引了全世界的音樂愛好者。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知write在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式,與邏輯主語music構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作定語,表被動和完成。故選C。
5.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:志愿者決定幫助那個吸毒成癮的男孩。短語be addicted to表示“沉迷于,上癮”,省略be動詞,用過去分詞作定語。故選B。
6.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:北京大學最近進行的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),60%的學生在考試前感到焦慮。主句的謂語動詞是found,此處使用非謂語動詞,作后置定語,carry out與study是邏輯動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞,表被動、完成。由謂語動詞found可知,研究已完成,不能使用不定式的被動式。故選B。
7.A
【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他批評了該國政府采用的鎮(zhèn)壓手段。A.employed使用,利用;B.engaged從事,雇用;C.existed存在;D.edited編輯。根據(jù)語意,此處表達“利用這種方法”,設(shè)空處應(yīng)用employed,過去分詞短語employed by the country’s government作名詞methods的后置定語。故選A項。
8.D
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:去年開放的計算機中心在這所學校的學生中很受歡迎。分析可知,空處作computer center的后置定語,應(yīng)用非謂語動詞,open和center之間為被動關(guān)系,且動作已經(jīng)完成,應(yīng)用過去分詞。故選D。
9.A
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:現(xiàn)在她是一名致力于海洋保護的模特和行為藝術(shù)家。短語be devoted to表示“致力于”,此處省略be動詞,過去分詞作后置定語。故選A。
10.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:在填完這份表格并簽了字之后,請用我們提供的信封把它寄回給我們。分析可知,envelope后是定語,而provide和envelope之間是被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞作后置定語,表被動。故選B。
11.C
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:Fitz夫人很失望的發(fā)現(xiàn)她讓人修的洗衣機又出故障了。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知“she had had”是定語從句,修飾名詞the washing machine,關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語省略了,而動詞see后賓語the washing machine與repair之間為被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞做賓語補足語。故選C。
12.D
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:當從澳大利亞來的老人用只言片語的漢語讓別人明白他自己時,他很高興。make +賓語+賓語補足語,himself和understand是被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞作賓補,表示被動。故選D。
13.B
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:即使是最好的作家有時也會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無言以對。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中謂語是find,空格處用非謂語動詞,“be lost for words”是固定短語,意為“無言以對”,因此空格處是lost,作賓語補足語,故選B。
14.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:為了讓更多的人參與到海洋生物的對話中來,這位專家做了許多演講和會談。分析句子可知,句中涉及“get+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),“be involved in…”意為“參與……”,“people”和“involve”之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用“involve”的過去分詞“involved”作賓語補足語。故選B項。
15.A
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:他自行車壞了,他想要修理。分析句子可知,repair是賓語補足語,與賓語it(指代bike),是被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞作賓語補足語表示被動,故選A。
16.C
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞的用法。句意:隨著奧運圣火熄滅,北京2022年冬季奧運會于2月20日閉幕。分析句子可知,空格處應(yīng)填入非謂語動詞作賓語補足語。with+賓語+doing/to do/done為with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。the Olympic flame與extinguish“熄滅”是被動關(guān)系,且該動作已經(jīng)完成,故用過去分詞。故選C。
17.C
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:在房間里,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她坐在書桌前,注意力正集中在一本書上。此處為with的復合結(jié)構(gòu),attention與fix構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞,作賓語補足語。故選C。
18.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:——經(jīng)理似乎不高興?!堑摹J返俜螂x開公司時,他的工作還沒有完成。此處為with的復合結(jié)構(gòu):with+賓語+賓補,work與leave構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞作賓補,表示“未完成的”應(yīng)用unfinished。故選B。
19.C
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:西蒙在他的床邊放了一張喬丹的照片,讓自己想起自己的夢想。此處為keep+賓語+賓補結(jié)構(gòu),remind與himself構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作賓補。故選C。
20.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:湯姆講的笑話讓我們笑了起來,所以老師沒能讓人聽清他的話。分析句子可知,空一作賓語補足語,make是使役動詞,接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語,表示“讓某人做某事”,空二作賓語補足語,與賓語himself是被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞表示被動,綜上,故選B。
【點睛】
21.A
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:基于六個不同歐洲城市的數(shù)據(jù),該報告是可靠的。分析句子,句中is為謂語動詞設(shè)空處應(yīng)使用非謂語動詞。base為動詞,意為“以……為基礎(chǔ)”,其與the report之間是被動關(guān)系。故使用過去分詞作狀語。故選A。
22.B
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:從塔頂上看,紫金山南麓是一片樹木之海。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,see在句子中不是謂語動詞,the south foot of the Purple Mountain和動詞see 之間是被動關(guān)系,所以see應(yīng)該用過去分詞的形式作狀語。故選B項。
23.A
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:巴黎是法國的首都和最大城市,位于塞納河畔。本句已有系動詞is且無連詞,動詞locate用非謂語形式,動詞locate與邏輯主語Paris是動賓關(guān)系,用過去分詞表被動,作狀語。故選A項。
24.B
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:為了不被打擾,他鎖在書房里呆了三個小時。可以看出該句不是spend...(in) doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。此處是he was locked in the study這層含義,也就是說,lock in the study描繪了主語he的一種狀態(tài),動詞lock和邏輯主語he是動賓關(guān)系,用過去分詞表被動,作狀語。故選B項。
25.D
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:如果有足夠的照顧,孩子們可以更好地合作。本句已有謂語can cooperate且無連詞,動詞give用非謂語形式,邏輯主語the children與動詞give是動賓關(guān)系,give用過去分詞表被動,作狀語。故選D項。
26.D
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:因?qū)故澄镓撚胸熑危莻€粗心的廚師被解雇了。結(jié)合句意,分析句子可知,blame(責備)是非謂語動詞,與其邏輯主語the careless cook之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)使用過去分詞blamed表被動,作原因狀語。故選D項。
27.B
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:他埋頭學習,沒有意識到其他人都已經(jīng)離開了。短語be buried in sth“埋頭于...”,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句中已含有謂語動詞,此處要使用過去分詞作狀語,故選B項。
28.A
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:基于對它的分析,我們改變了它的基本用途。 分析句子可知,主句謂語動詞是changed,base用非謂語動詞形式作狀語,be based on “以……為根據(jù)”; “根據(jù)……”;“基于……”,作狀語省略be動詞,用based on,故選A項。
29.A
【詳解】考查動詞短語。句意:與現(xiàn)在相比,當時它是個小地方。分析句子可知,主句是it was a small place then,故“____ what it is now”用非謂語動詞形式作狀語, compare與邏輯主語it是被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞形式,故選A。
【點睛】
30.A
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:電子郵件將自動寄出,所有俱樂部會員都將收到該電子郵件。本句已有謂語will be received且無連詞,動詞短語mail out (寄出)用非謂語形式,動詞短語mail out 與邏輯主語the e-mail是動賓關(guān)系,且mail out發(fā)生在謂語動作之后,用過去分詞的一般式表被動,作狀語。故選A項。
31.spoken
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:最初,大約在公元450年到1150年之間,英國人所說的英語與今天所說的英語有很大的不同。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知非謂語動詞speak與邏輯主語English構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作定語。故填spoken。
32.written
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:我從圖書館借了一本馬克·吐溫寫的書。句中已有謂語動詞,所以用非謂語動詞形式。名詞book與write之間為被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞作后置定語。根據(jù)句意,故填written。
33.installed
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:三年前安裝的無現(xiàn)金支付系統(tǒng)有助于減少學生排隊時間。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處作定語修飾名詞system,二者之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)填過去分詞形式。故填installed。
34.a(chǎn)ssessed
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:這幅估價10萬美元的畫上周被發(fā)現(xiàn)被盜。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知assess與邏輯主語painting構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作定語。故填assessed。
35.nailed
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:釘在墻上的畫已經(jīng)褪色了。見證了這個家庭的許多幸福時刻。句中已有謂語動詞have witnessed,所以nail是非謂語動詞,作后置定語修飾名詞The pictures。The pictures與nail之間為被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞作定語。故填nailed。
36.a(chǎn)bandoned
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:一個月后,被父母遺棄的男孩被一位老人收養(yǎng)了。句中謂語是was adopted,空格處用非謂語動詞,由空后的by可知,boy和abandon之間是邏輯動賓關(guān)系,因此空格處用過去分詞表被動,作后置定語,故填abandoned。
37.founded
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:這個由英國殖民者于1790年建立的小鎮(zhèn)已成為一個富裕的大城市。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,has become在句中作謂語,空格處應(yīng)填非謂語作定語修飾The town,且found“成立,建立”與The town之間為邏輯上動賓關(guān)系,故用過去分詞表被動。故填founded。
38.returned
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:你打算怎么處理今天早上寄回來的信? ________(return) this morning作定語,修飾名詞the letter。the letter和return之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過去分詞。故填returned。
39.played
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:足球是學校里男孩們玩的一項好游戲。分析句子可知,此處為非謂語動詞作定語,因game和play為被動關(guān)系,所以為過去分詞表被動作后置定語修飾game。故填played。
40.used
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:這些用過的塑料瓶可以回收利用。分析句子可知,句中有謂語動詞“can be recycled”,故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞,“use”意為“使用”,動詞詞性,“bottles”和“use”為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用“use”的過去分詞“used”,作定語,意為“用過的”。故填used。
41.a(chǎn)dded
【詳解】考查非謂語。句意:加入芭蕾舞的動作會使它更吸引觀眾。分析句子可知,句中的謂語為make,此處add為非謂語且與主語the movements之間為被動關(guān)系,需用過去分詞形式added作定語。故填added。
42.made
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:在世界各地,你可以看到孩子們盡情地玩塑料袋做的球。 分析句子可知,“(make)of plastic bags”作定語,修飾ball,make與ball是被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞作定語。故填made。
43.damaged
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:在地震中損壞的舊寺廟正在重建。temple與damage為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,表示被動,所以用過去分詞作后置定語。故填damaged。
44.decorated
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:在我的生日派對上,我收到了一個鉛筆盒,上面裝飾著一些卡通圖片。動詞decorate與名詞a pencil box之間是動賓關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)使用過去分詞短語作后置定語,對其修飾限定。故填decorated。
45.related
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:你不必接受大學教育,但與工作相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗是必不可少的。動詞relate和the experience之間是動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語。故填related。
46.conveyed
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:傳達的信息很明確:“行動勝于雄辯?!狈治鼍渥涌芍?,所填空處為過去分詞作定語。故填conveyed。
47.made
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:這是一個由八個國家組成的組織。分析句子可知,句中有系動詞“is”且句中無連詞,故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞,“organization”和“make”為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用“make”的過去分詞“made”,作后置定語。故填made。
48.ranked
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:她目前是世界排名最高的選手。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處需填入非謂語動詞作定語,修飾player,動詞rank與被修飾詞player之間是動賓關(guān)系,因而用過去分詞形式表示被動。故填ranked。
49.left
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:快點!我們幾乎沒有時間趕上末班車了。分析句子可知,句中有系動詞“is”且句中無連詞,故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞,“l(fā)eave”意為“剩余”,動詞詞性,“time”和“l(fā)eave”為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用“l(fā)eave”的過去分詞“l(fā)eft”,作后置定語。故填left。
50.concentrated
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:他的注意力集中在他的書上,沒有注意到室內(nèi)的任何東西?!皐ith +名詞/代詞(賓語)+非謂語動詞(賓補)”with復合結(jié)構(gòu),賓語his attention與非謂語動詞concentrate之間為被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞作賓語補足語。根據(jù)句意,故填concentrated。
51.reminded
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意: 這張照片會讓我想起我和她一起度過的舊時光。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此空處為“keep+賓語+賓補”結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)中常用分詞作賓補,賓語me與remind之間為被動關(guān)系,所以使用過去分詞。故填reminded。
52.hidden
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:在藝術(shù)評論中,你必須假設(shè)藝術(shù)家在作品背后有隱藏著的信息。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中存在謂語動詞has,且message與hide之間是被動關(guān)系,因此使用hide的過去分詞形式hidden。故填hidden。
53.worked
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:我們認為二十年后,我們倆都應(yīng)該實現(xiàn)了自己的命運,無論它們將會是什么。結(jié)合句意可知,此處的have為使役動詞,意為“使,讓;叫”,our destiny與work out之間為邏輯被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動,作賓語補足語,have sth. done意為“讓……被做”。故填worked。
54.spoken
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:為了學好英語,我們應(yīng)該盡可能找機會聽別人說英語。根據(jù)句意可知找機會聽到英語被說,English和speak為被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞spoken作賓語補足語。故填spoken。
55.devoted
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:這位科學家把所有的業(yè)余時間都投入到研究中,幾乎沒有時間度假。分析句子可知,此處考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)“with+賓語+賓補”,空處應(yīng)填動詞非謂語形式作賓補,空處與邏輯主語his spare time之間是被動關(guān)系,故空處應(yīng)填動詞過去分詞形式作賓補。故填devoted。
56.surrounded
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:我仍然覺得自己被大量的狗包圍著很可怕。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中已有謂語動詞,空處為非謂語動詞作賓語補足語。該動詞和賓語之間存在被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞。故填surrounded。
57.washed
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:你進城前最好把你的車洗干凈。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空處作非謂語動詞,wash與邏輯主語car之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。故填washed。
58.tied
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:當我白天在田里干活時,我總是把我的羊拴在河邊的一棵樹上。sheep與tie構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作賓補。故填tied。
59.used
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:我們用許多科學方法徹底解決了這個問題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空處作非謂語動詞,use與邏輯主語methods之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。故填used。
60.finished
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:所有的工作都做完了,他們匆匆回家吃午飯。分析句子可知,句中涉及“with+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),“finish”意為“完成”,動詞詞性,“work”和“finish”為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用“finish”的過去分詞“finished”,作賓語補足語。故填finished。
61.informed
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:許多老師在微信上給家長分享視頻,讓家長知道兒童在幼兒園的表現(xiàn)??仗幨欠侵^語動詞作賓語補足語,inform和parents二者之間是被動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過去分詞。故填informed。
62.destroyed
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)實驗室里的設(shè)備被毀了。此處是“find+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),動詞destroy和賓語the equipment之間是被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故填destroyed。
63.closed
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:它太冷。請把窗戶關(guān)好。句中keep為謂語動詞,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語。windows和close之間是被動關(guān)系,故使用過去分詞作賓補。故填closed。
64.stolen
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:上個月我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了??仗幨琴e語補足語,動詞steal和賓語her wallet之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞作補足語,表示被動。故填stolen。
65.improved
【詳解】考查過去分詞作賓語補足語。句意:經(jīng)過討論,他們決定改進計劃。have sth.done為“have+賓語+賓語補足語”這一復合結(jié)構(gòu),其中賓語與賓補之間是被動關(guān)系,需要用過去分詞做賓補。分析句子可知,the plan和improve是被動關(guān)系,故需填improve的過去分詞improved。故填improved。
66.wound
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:他開車時車窗都關(guān)上了?!皐ith +名詞/代詞(賓語)+非謂語動詞(賓補)”with復合結(jié)構(gòu),邏輯主語all the car windows與動詞wind up (關(guān)閉)是被動關(guān)系,wind用過去分詞作賓補。故填wound。
67.carried
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:我想看到這個計劃被執(zhí)行。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空處作非謂語動詞,carry與邏輯主語the plan之間是被動關(guān)系,空處應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。故填carried。
68.Driven
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:在野心的驅(qū)使下,他決定寫一本關(guān)于童年的書。分析句子可知,“(drive) by ambition”作原因狀語,drive與邏輯主語he是被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞作狀語,故填Driven。
69.Inspired
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:受到這個項目所傳達的信息的啟發(fā),人們覺得我們應(yīng)該現(xiàn)在就行動起來。主語為people,主語和動詞inspire之間為被動關(guān)系,此處需用過去分詞作狀語,首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)nspired。
70.Buried
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:她埋頭學習,沒有注意正在發(fā)生的事。be buried in “埋頭于”,在句中做狀語時,應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。置于句首,首字母大寫。故填Buried。
71.Compared
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:與其他運動員相比,他要優(yōu)雅得多。compare為及物動詞,在句中作狀語,與邏輯主語he 為被動關(guān)系,compared with 意為“與……相比”,該空應(yīng)用過去分詞形式,句首字母大寫。故填Compared。
72.Based
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:根據(jù)一個真實的故事,這本書引起了很大的關(guān)注。短語:be based on “以……為根據(jù)”,在句中作狀語,應(yīng)省去be用過去分詞形式,故填Based。
73.Attracted
【詳解】考查非謂語。句意:被這個地區(qū)的大峽谷所吸引,教授觀察了山谷中的瀑布。分析句子可知,observe是句子的謂語,此處需用非謂語形式,動詞attract與主語the professor之間為被動關(guān)系,需用過去分詞作狀語。故填Attracted。
74.Laughed
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:盡管被很多人嘲笑,但他還是繼續(xù)學習。此處是非謂語動詞作讓步狀語,動詞短語laugh at(嘲笑)和主語he是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞作狀語,單詞位于句首,首字母大寫。故填Laughed。
75.Lost
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:他陷入了沉思,不知道同學們已經(jīng)離開了教室。固定短語be lost in thought“陷入沉思”,去掉be動詞,使用過去分詞,作狀語,修飾主語。故填Lost。
76.Surrounded
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:紫禁城周圍有高墻和寬闊的護城河,占地面積很大。分析句子,前半句作狀語,紫禁城與環(huán)繞為被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞作狀語,且句首首字母大寫。故填Surrounded。
77.Brought??
【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意:在一個受過教育的家庭長大,他知道很多。此處句子主語he和bring之間是被動關(guān)系,所以此處是過去分詞做原因狀語,且位于句首首字母大寫。故答案為Brought。
78.a(chǎn)bsorbed??
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:當我打開門時,我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的父親坐在他的椅子上,完全沉浸在他正在讀的幽默故事。固定短語be absorbed in sth“全神貫注于某物”,去掉be動詞,使用過去分詞,作狀語。故填absorbed。
79.Built
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:這座房子建于30年前,至今仍然很穩(wěn)固。此句the house is still very stable為主句,此處作狀語,主語the house與build之間為被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞。故填Built。
80.located
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:位于中國東部的上海正在經(jīng)歷一場激烈的抗疫斗爭。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知,此處locate為非謂語動詞作狀語,因主語Shanghai與locate是被動關(guān)系,因此需要使用過去分詞形式,故填located。
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