?2021-2022學(xué)年四川省樂山市峨眉文旅綜合高中學(xué)校高一（下）月考英語(yǔ)試卷（1A）

A
Eating different healthy foods gives you energy to do stuff,helps you grow the way you should,and can even keep you from getting sick.However,if you choose the wrong kind of food,you might run out of energy before the day is over.
Most kids have the choice of packing lunch or buying one at school.The good news is that a kid can get a healthy lunch by doing either one.But it's not guaranteed（保證）.Chances are some meals and foods served in the school cafeteria（自助食堂）are healthier than others.When you buy your lunch,you'd better give the cafeteria menu a closer look.Read the cafeteria menu the night before.Knowing what's for lunch beforehand will let you know if you want to eat it!
A packed lunch isn't always healthier than one you buy at school.If you pack chocolate cake and potato chips,that's not a nutritious（有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的）meal!But a packed lunch,if you do it right,does have a clear advantage.When you pack your lunch,you can be sure it includes your favourite healthy foods.It is not a one-size-fits-all lunch.It's a lunch just for you.If your favourite sandwich is peanut butter and banana,just make it and pack it—then you can eat it for lunch.Or maybe you love olives.Go ahead and pack them!
If you want to pack your lunch,you'll need some help from your parents.Talk to them about what you like to eat in your lunch so they can buy those foods.Parents might offer to pack your lunch for you.This is nice of them,but you may want to watch how they do it and ask if you can start making your lunches yourself.It's a way to show that you're growing up.
1. The first paragraph is mainly about ______ .
A. how to avoid getting sick
B. how to choose healthy foods
C. the importance of healthy foods
D. the nutritional value of healthy foods
2. According to the text,packed lunches ______ .
A. are more popular with kids
B. should be your favourite food
C. should be made in the right way
D. are certainly healthier than school lunches
3. In the last paragraph,the author advises readers to ______ .
A. have lunch at home B. buy their favourite foods
C. take their lunches to school D. pack their lunches by themselves
4. The text is written for ______ .
A. teachers B. parents C. children D. cooks
B
Food picked up just a few seconds after being dropped is less likely to contain bacteria than if it is left for longer periods of time,according to the findings of research carried out at Aston University's School of Life and Health Sciences.The findings suggest there may be some scientific basis to the "5-second rule"—the belief about it being fine to eat food that has only had contact with the floor for five seconds or less.Although people have long followed the 5-second rule,until now it is unclear whether it actually helps.
The study,undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton,Professor of Microbiology at Aston University,monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor flooring types（carpet,cement floor etc.）to toast,pasta,a biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds.The results showed that：Time is a significant factor in the transfer of bacteria from a floor surface to a piece of food；and the type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect,with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist（濕的） foods making contact for more than five seconds.Professor Hilton said："Consuming food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk as it very much depends on which bacteria are present on the floor at the time."
The Aston team also carried out a survey of the number of people who employ the 5-second rule.The survey showed that：87% of people surveyed said they would eat food dropped on the floor,or already have done so.55% of those who would eat or have eaten food dropped on the floor are women.81% of the women who would eat food from the floor would follow the 5-second rule.Professor Hilton added,"Our study showed that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food,with women the most likely to do so.But they are also more likely to follow the 5-second rule."
5. According to the passage,which of the following is true？ ______
A. A toast dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.
B. A sticky chocolate dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor within 5 seconds.
C. The food dropped on the carpet shares the same potential of being polluted with the food dropped on the cement floor.
D. The food dropped on the cement floor is not as safe as food dropped on the carpet within 30 seconds.
6. Eating food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk because it relies on ______ at that time.
A. the type of bacteria B. the carpet
C. the cement floor D. the surface of table
7. The passage is developed probably by ______ .
A. time B. space C. contrast D. example
8. What is the main idea of this passage？ ______
A. The food which is dropped on the floor can be eaten safely.
B. The bacteria have no negative effect on the safety of food.
C. A research on the safety of food dropped on the floor is undertaken.
D. People surveyed in the research are willing to accept the idea.
C
????There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise. Some people believe that they can't help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths:
????I'll never lose weight—I come from a fat family
????Wrong! While we can't change the body type we are born with, we can't blame our genes for making us fat. There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.
????I am fat because I burn calories slowly
????Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陳代謝). In fact, although fat people consume more energy than slim people, they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.
????Exercise is boring
????Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk, take a different route. If you do yoga, try a tai chi class. If you like swimming, set yourself a distance or time challenge.
????No pain, no gain
????Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is your body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don't, rest and seek medical advice.
9. What does the author think about being fat?
A. It is the family genes that make people fat.
B. People are fat because they consume too little energy.
C. A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.
D. It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle.
10. According to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting?
A. By taking varied exercise. B. By choosing simple exercise.
C. By doing regular exercise. D. By sticking to outdoor exercise.
11. What is the author's opinion about "No pain, no gain" in exercising?
A. Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.
B. Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.
C. Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.
D. Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.
12. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To declare the importance of keeping fit.
B. To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.
C. To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.
D. To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.
D
????Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the doctors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
????Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded（包圍）by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.
????There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.
????There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime（消遣）, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
????The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
13. According to the passage, what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food?
A. Those who often take exercise.
B. Those who often watch television.
C. Those who often have meals at home.
D. Those who often walk to school.
14. The author thinks that children are becoming overweight because ______.
A. their parents often cook meals for them
B. they are too busy to go out and play
C. they can't choose what to eat
D. there are too many fast food shops around
15. The underlined word "steering" in the last sentence most probably means ______.
A. forcing B. guiding C. driving D. moving
HOW TO LOSE WEIGHT？ Losing weight is tough.For most people,it requires a change in diet,a change in exercise habits,and a change in attitude. (1) .
Set healthy goals
If you're overweight and want to change that,the first step is deciding what your target weight is. (2) .
Start small
Making major behaviour modifications isn't something that happens overnight. (3) .Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week,and then add a little more each week.
Track what you eat and how much you exercise
Now it's time to start working towards that goal.The best way to stick with your diet and exercise regimen is to track it. (4) .Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal.Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.
Evaluate and adjust
Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you've made towards accomplishing it. (5) .Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of.Losing weight and keeping it off is a highly personal thing.Find what works for you and stick with it.

A.Here's how you can accomplish all the three
B.So start with 1 to 2 things per week and work up from there
C.If you're not where you want to be,make minor adjustments
D.There are plenty of websites and apps that allow you to do this
E.The biggest reason why most people are fat is because of eating what
F.This will help you stick with your health goals and see measurable progress
G.Write down your goal and set a date that you want to accomplish that goal
16. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
I was born with a heart disease.As I grew up,parts of my heart started to(21) and I was often out of breath.So when I was eight,the doctors opened my chest to(22) it.When they saw the state of my heart,they told my parents,"We don't expect him to(23) the night." I was in and out of a coma （昏迷） for three months.Every day the fact that I wasn't (24) was a good thing.
Finally,the doctors(25) I'd be better off at home-saying that I wasn't going to live long.But I(26) and had something close to a (27) childhood.As a teenager,I began to (28)heart failure again.But I was (29) to go to college,become a manager and get married to Jo.
I started my own (30) so I could work flexible（靈活的）hours,(31)Jo and I had two children：Josh and Liam.I(32) to keep a good standard of life for everyone,even when I was waking up feeling sick every morning.By January last year,my heart failure was so (33) I often couldn't walk more than a few yards.
I was worried about not being around for my(34) .I had to explain to Josh that the(35) telling me an organ（器官）had been found could come any time and I'd be rushed to hospital,perhaps (36) I could say goodbye.A few days later,the phone rang and Josh said,"Is that the doctor with your new(37)？" However it was (38) a salesman.
May 4 was the day a transplant（移植）match was found.I was out of hospital within five weeks and,within a few (39)， feeling much better.By October,I was taking part in a 30-mile bike ride.
These days I spend a lot of time talking to kids with heart(40) .I want to support others who've had a hard time.
21. ?A. feel　　 B. fail C. improve　 D. work
22. ?A. repair B. discover C. hear D. prevent
23. ?A. stay B. waste C. see D. last
24. ?A. dead B. sad C. sick D. worried
25. ?A. expected B. decided C. required D. learned
26. ?A. went out B. gave up C. looked back D. carried on
27. ?A. lucky B. normal C. busy D. poor
28. ?A. stop B. accept C. experience D. examine
29. ?A. ready B. likely C. able D. sure
30. ?A. ride B. family C. holiday D. company
31. ?A. and B. but C. since D. unless
32. ?A. waited B. tried C. agreed D. offered
33. ?A. easy B. quiet C. bad D. strange
34. ?A. children B. parents C. wife D. doctors
35. ?A. person B. letter C. call D. note
36. ?A. when B. before C. although D. if
37. ?A. heart B. bike C. drug D. address
38. ?A. then B. yet C. just D. soon
39. ?A. days B. weeks C. months D. years
40. ?A. conditions B. problems C. operations D. transplants
41. ????People have known the???(1)???(important) of keeping healthy and good life habit. Everyone???(2)???(want) to keep in good health. To keep healthy, we should have a???(3)???(balance) diet.
? ??What should we do to keep healthy? I think???(4)???is important to have a good habit. We shouldn't spit (吐痰) in public places or throw litter (垃圾) about. We must make it a rule to wash our hands before meals or???(5)???toilets (廁所). It is important to go to bed early and get up early. It will keep us???(6)???(activity) during the day.???(7)???(do) morning exercises every day is also good???(8)???our health. We should keep the windows open when we are sleeping. We should have more water, fruit???(9)???vegetables. Above all, we should keep our hearts in a good state. Do you agree with me? The better we get into good eating habits, the???(10)???(happy) our life will become.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 英語(yǔ)課上，老師要求同桌同學(xué)相互修改作文．假設(shè)以下小作文為你同桌所寫，請(qǐng)你對(duì)其進(jìn)行修改．文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處．錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（^），并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的?詞．
注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞．
2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分．
Thanksgiving?Day?is?one?of?the?most?important?family?holiday?in?America．All?the?members?of?a?family，no?matter?where?far?away?they?are，will?try?to?get?together?on?that?day．The?first?Thanksgiving?in?America?takes?place?in?October，1621．In?1620，the?group?of?Englishmen?sailed?to?Massachusetts．They?had?expected?to?find a?freely?place?to?live?in，so?they?experienced?a?hard?winter．Half?of?them?starved?death．The?next?spring，we?began?farming．With?the?help?of?local?Indians，they?learned?to?be?plant?corn?and?raise?animals．In?the?fall，the?fields?produced?a?good?harvest．Filling?with?joy?and?thanks?to?God，they?held?a?celebration．In?1863，it?became?a?national?holiday．
43. 你們班要舉行一次話題為"How?to?Keep?Healthy"的演講比賽，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)表格提供的信息，寫一篇100詞左右的發(fā)言稿．

飲食
多吃新鮮的水果和蔬菜；少吃肉以及垃圾食品
睡眠
保證每天都有充足的睡眠
運(yùn)動(dòng)
多運(yùn)動(dòng)，如：騎自行車或者步行上學(xué)；進(jìn)行一些體育鍛煉，如跑步、打籃球等

答案和解析

1~4.【答案】C、C、D、C
【解析】（1）C.段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段Eating?different?healthy?foods?gives?you?energy?to?do?stuff,helps?you?grow?the?way?you?should,and?can?even?keep?you?from?getting?sick.However,if?you?choose?the?wrong?kind?of?food,you?might?run?out?of?energy?before?the?day?is?over.吃不同的健康食品會(huì)給你能量去做一些事情，幫助你以應(yīng)有的方式成長(zhǎng)，甚至可以防止你生病。然而，如果你選擇了錯(cuò)誤的食物，你可能會(huì)在一天結(jié)束前耗盡能量。可知，第一段主要是在告訴讀者健康食物的重要性。故選C。
（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的A?packed?lunch?isn't?always?healthier?than?one?you?buy?at?school.If?you?pack?chocolate?cake?and?potato?chips,that's?not?a?nutritious（有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的）meal!But?a?packed?lunch,if?you?do?it?right,does?have?a?clear?advantage.打包午餐并不總是比你在學(xué)校買的午餐更健康。如果你帶巧克力蛋糕和薯片，那就不是營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐了！但如果你做得對(duì)，打包午餐確實(shí)有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)?？芍詭绮椭挥杏谜_的方式制作才算是健康食物。故選C。
（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的This?is?nice?of?them,but?you?may?want?to?watch?how?they?do?it?and?ask?if?you?can?start?making?your?lunches?yourself.It's?a?way?to?show?that?you're?growing?up.這對(duì)他們很好，但你可能想看看他們是怎么做的，并問你是否可以開始自己做午餐。這是一種表明你正在長(zhǎng)大的方式。可知，作者鼓勵(lì)讀者自己動(dòng)手準(zhǔn)備午餐。故選D。
（4）C.推理判斷題。從全文多次出現(xiàn)的you,kids,your parents等?？芍疚氖菍懡o上學(xué)的孩子們的。故選C。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了健康食物的重要性以及孩子們?nèi)绾芜x擇午餐。
做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫出正確答案。

5~8.【答案】D、A、A、C
【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist foods making contact for more than 5 seconds.（細(xì)菌最不可能從地毯表面轉(zhuǎn)移，最有可能從水泥地板表面轉(zhuǎn)移到潮濕的食物中，接觸時(shí)間超過5秒）可知，30秒內(nèi)掉在水泥板上的食物不像掉在地毯上的那么安全，故選D。
（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段提到The study,undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton,Professor of Microbiology at Aston University,monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor flooring types （carpet,cement floor etc.） to toast,pasta,a biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds這項(xiàng)研究由生物學(xué)專業(yè)大四學(xué)生進(jìn)行，由阿斯頓大學(xué)微生物學(xué)教授安東尼?希爾頓（Anthony Hilton）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，監(jiān)測(cè)了常見細(xì)菌從各種室內(nèi)地板類型（地毯、水泥地板等）到吐司、意大利面、餅干和粘糖的轉(zhuǎn)移，接觸時(shí)間為3到30秒?？芍粼诘厣系臇|西沾染多少細(xì)菌取決于細(xì)菌的類型，故選A項(xiàng)。
（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段 monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types as carpet,cement floor to toast,pasta,biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds. （當(dāng)接觸3到30秒時(shí)，監(jiān)測(cè)常見細(xì)菌從地毯、水泥地板到吐司、面食、餅干和一種粘性甜點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)移）可知，文章采用的是對(duì)比的方法來(lái)組織文章的，A.time時(shí)間；B.space空間；C.contrast對(duì)比；D.example舉例。故選A。
（4）C.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段The study,undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton,Professor of Microbiology at Aston University,monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types as carpet,cement floor to toast,pasta,biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds. （這項(xiàng)研究是由生物學(xué)專業(yè)的大四學(xué)生進(jìn)行的，由阿斯頓大學(xué)微生物學(xué)教授安東尼?希爾頓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，研究人員監(jiān)測(cè)了常見細(xì)菌從地毯、水泥地板到吐司、面食、餅干和一種粘糊糊的甜點(diǎn)等多種室內(nèi)地板類型在3到30秒的接觸時(shí)間內(nèi)的轉(zhuǎn)移情況）可知，文章主要介紹了關(guān)于食物掉在地板上是否安全的研究，故選C。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文閱讀，文章主要介紹了關(guān)于食物掉在地板上是否安全的研究。
做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

9~12.【答案】B、A、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要澄清了人們關(guān)于肥胖和運(yùn)動(dòng)的幾個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)上的誤區(qū)。
1.?
根據(jù)第二段中There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.（有大量證據(jù)表明，肥胖在家庭中普遍存在，主要原因是他們有著吃得太多、運(yùn)動(dòng)太少的共同習(xí)慣。）可知，人們肥胖的主要原因是生活方式的不平衡，表現(xiàn)為吃得太多而運(yùn)動(dòng)太少。故選B。
2.?
根據(jù)第四段中The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive.（關(guān)鍵是要制定一個(gè)既有趣又進(jìn)步的平衡多樣的計(jì)劃。）可知，多樣化的運(yùn)動(dòng)可使運(yùn)動(dòng)變得有趣。故選A。
3.?根據(jù)最后一段中Exercise is not meant to hurt.（鍛煉并不是為了受傷。）以及Indeed, pain is your... could lead to serious injury.（的確，疼痛是你的身體告訴你出了什么問題，繼續(xù)鍛煉可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重傷害。）可知，作者認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)只會(huì)帶來(lái)輕微的“不適”，“疼痛”是生病的征兆，繼續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p傷。故“疼痛”持續(xù)，應(yīng)停止運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B。
4.?
根據(jù)第一段中There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.（關(guān)于肥胖和鍛煉，一直以來(lái)都有很多被普遍認(rèn)為是錯(cuò)誤的想法。）可知，作者寫本文是為了澄清人們關(guān)于肥胖和運(yùn)動(dòng)的認(rèn)識(shí)誤區(qū)。故選C。


13~15.【答案】B、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文說(shuō)明了兒童超重的情況正在惡化并分析了超重的原因。
1.?
根據(jù)第四段中When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime（消遣）, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food.（當(dāng)他們回到家，他們坐在電視機(jī)或電腦前玩電腦游戲。這不僅是一種不健康的消遣方式，還讓他們有時(shí)間吃更多不健康的食物。）可知，經(jīng)?？措娨暤暮⒆痈赡艹圆唤】档氖称?。故選B。
2.?根據(jù)第二段Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded（包圍）by shops selling unhealthy...there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.（有些人指責(zé)我們周圍的商店都在低價(jià)出售不健康、高脂肪的食物，比如炸雞和冰淇淋。這導(dǎo)致了整整一代成年人很少自己做飯。如果這樣的餐館少一些，那么孩子們可能會(huì)少買一些外賣食品。）可知，作者認(rèn)為孩子們變得超重是因?yàn)橹車觳偷晏嗔恕９蔬xD。

3.?根據(jù)最后一段中The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active（以上是這個(gè)問題的主要原因，因此我們必須鼓勵(lì)年輕人更加積極）以及fast food shops and bad eating habits.（快餐店和不良的飲食習(xí)慣）可知，同時(shí)引導(dǎo)他們遠(yuǎn)離快餐店和不良的飲食習(xí)慣。因此劃線詞的意思是“引導(dǎo)”。故選B。

16~20.【答案】A、G、B、D、C
【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Losing weight is tough.For most people,it requires a change in diet,a change in exercise habits,and a change in attitude.（減肥很困難。對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，這需要改變飲食，改變鍛煉習(xí)慣，改變態(tài)度。）"結(jié)合后文主要說(shuō)明了做到改變飲食，改變鍛煉習(xí)慣，改變態(tài)度的方法。A選項(xiàng)"Here's how you can achieve all the three.???????以下是你如何完成這三件事的方法。"符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。
（2）G.推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題"Set healthy goals.（樹立健康的目標(biāo)。）"以及上文"If you're overweight and want to change that,the first step is deciding what your target weight is.（如果你超重，想要改變，第一步是確定你的目標(biāo)體重是多少。）"可知本段主要介紹了設(shè)定正常合理的目標(biāo)，G選項(xiàng)中g(shù)oal對(duì)應(yīng)上文中g(shù)oals。G選項(xiàng)"Write down your goal and set a date by which you want to achieve that goal.???????????????寫下你的目標(biāo)，并設(shè)定一個(gè)你想要完成目標(biāo)的日期。"符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。
（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題"Start small.（從小處起步）"以及后文"Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week,then add a little more each week.（第一周保證每天吃5種蔬菜，每周鍛煉2天，然后每周增加一點(diǎn)。）"可知該段主要介紹從小處起步，結(jié)合下文提到了第一周改變的兩個(gè)習(xí)慣，并且每周增加要改變的一些習(xí)慣，可見本句是在說(shuō)明如何從小的事情開始，B選項(xiàng)"So start with?1-2?things per week and work up from there.?????????所以從每周做1到2件事情開始，然后從那里開始。"符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。
（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Now it's time to start working toward that goal.The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it.（現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候開始朝著這個(gè)目標(biāo)努力了。堅(jiān)持你的飲食和鍛煉規(guī)則的最好方法是跟蹤它。）"以及后文"Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal.Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.（或者你可以用傳統(tǒng)的方式來(lái)做，寫飲食和鍛煉日記。找出對(duì)你有效的方法，寫下你每天完成的事情。）"可知，本句與后文構(gòu)成并列，主要是針對(duì)如何記錄鍛煉和飲食數(shù)據(jù)的方法進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，D選項(xiàng)"There?are?plenty?of?websites?and?apps?that?allow?you?to?do?this有很多應(yīng)用程序允許你這樣做。"符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。
（5）C.聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文"Try?doing?different?exercises?or?cutting?back?on?certain?types?of?foods?that?you?may?be?eating?too?much?of .（嘗試做不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)或減少某些你可能吃得太多的食物）"可知是進(jìn)行的調(diào)整。所以C選項(xiàng)"If?you're?not?where?you?want?to?be,make?minor?adjustments.如果你不在你想去的地方，做一些小的調(diào)整。"符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹減肥需要改變飲食，改變鍛煉習(xí)慣，改變態(tài)度以及如何做到這三點(diǎn)的方法。
"七選五"這樣的題型，主要目的在于考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。解題時(shí)最主要的兩個(gè)步驟就是1．理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2．在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說(shuō)是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細(xì)節(jié)，排除相近的選項(xiàng)。得出正確的答案。

21~40.【答案】B、A、D、A、B、D、B、C、C、D、A、B、C、A、C、B、A、C、C、B
【解析】（1）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.feel感覺；B.fail失敗；C.improve提高；D.work工作。根據(jù)該句中的I was often out of breath可知，作者的心臟開始衰竭，下文的heart failure為提示。故答案為B。
（2）A.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.repair修理；B.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.hear聽見；D.prevent阻止。根據(jù)文章中的第一句?I was born with a heart disease可知，醫(yī)生想要修復(fù)作者的心臟。故答案為A。
（3）D.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.stay待在；B.waste浪費(fèi)；C.see看到；D.last持續(xù)。根據(jù)下文的saying that I wasn't going to live long可知，醫(yī)生覺得作者的情況不容樂觀，可能熬不過當(dāng)晚。故答案為D。
（4）A.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.dead死的；B.sad悲傷的；C.sick生病的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)上文的I was in and out of a coma（昏迷） for three months可知，作者每天還活著是一件值得慶幸的事。故答案為A。
（5）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.expected期望；B.decided決定；C.required要求；D.learned學(xué)會(huì)。根據(jù)破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容可知，醫(yī)生決定作者最好還是回家（等待死亡）。故答案為B。
（6）D.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.went out出去；B.gave up放棄；C.looked back回顧；D.carried on繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文的saying that I wasn't going to live long和轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But可知，作者沒有讓生命很快止步，而是繼續(xù)活了下去。故答案為D。
（7）B.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.normal正常的；C.busy忙碌的；D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)下文講述青少年和成年后的正常生活可知，作者的童年也基本和其他孩子一樣。故答案為B。
（8）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.stop停止；B.accept接受；C.experience經(jīng)歷；D.examine檢查，考試。作者青少年時(shí)期又曾經(jīng)歷心力衰竭。故答案為C。
（9）C.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；B.likely可能的；C.able能夠的；D.sure確定的。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But可知，雖然作者在青少年時(shí)期又開始經(jīng)歷心力衰竭，但他還是上了大學(xué)，成為了一名經(jīng)理并且結(jié)婚生子。故答案為C。
（10）D.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.ride乘坐；B.family家庭；C.holiday假期；D.company公司。根據(jù)接下來(lái)的so I could work flexible hours可知，作者為了有靈活的工作時(shí)間自己創(chuàng)辦了公司。故答案為D。
（11）A.考查連詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.and而且；B.but但是；C.since自從；D.unless除非。創(chuàng)辦自己的公司和我們有了兩個(gè)孩子之間為并列關(guān)系。故答案為A。
（12）B.考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.waited等待；B.tried嘗試；C.agreed同意；D.offered提供。根據(jù)上文敘述作者的工作和家庭經(jīng)歷可知，作者努力讓身邊的家人有高水準(zhǔn)的生活。故答案為B。
（13）C.考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.easy容易的；B.quiet安靜的；C.bad壞的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文的I often couldn't walk more than a few yards可知，作者的心臟病越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。故答案為C。
（14）A.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.children孩子；B.parents父母；C.wife妻子；D.doctors醫(yī)生。根據(jù)下文?had?to?explain?to?Josh?描述給兒子解釋可知，作者擔(dān)心自己不在孩子身邊。故答案為A。
（15）C.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.person個(gè)人；B.letter信件；C.call電話；D.note便條。根據(jù)下文的the phone rang可知，作者會(huì)隨時(shí)接到有關(guān)捐獻(xiàn)器官的電話。故答案為C。
（16）B.考查連詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.when當(dāng)；B.before在……之前；C.although盡管；D.if如果。根據(jù)上文的come any time and I'd be rushed to hospital可知，作者覺得可能會(huì)來(lái)不及和兒子告別。故答案為B。
（17）A.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.heart心；B.bike自行車；C.drug藥品；D.address地址。根據(jù)下文May?4?was?the?day?a?transplant（移植）match?was?found可知，作者需要移植新的心臟。故答案為A。
（18）C.考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.then那時(shí)；B.yet然而；C.just只是，僅僅；D.soon不久。根據(jù)句首的轉(zhuǎn)折副詞However可知，電話只是一名推銷員打來(lái)的。故答案為C。
（19）C.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.days天；B.weeks星期；C.months月；D.years年。根據(jù)該段句首May 4 was the day a transplant ?match was found和下文的October可知，作者幾個(gè)月后感覺越來(lái)越好。故答案為C。
（20）B.考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.conditions狀況；B.problems問題；C.operations手術(shù)；D.transplants移植。作者是一名心臟病患并經(jīng)歷了太多的痛苦，因此他要鼓勵(lì)那些同樣有心臟問題的孩子們。故答案為B。
本文是一篇記敘文，作者雖然患有先天性心臟病，但是他沒有退縮，勇敢面對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)和生活，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地活了下去。
完形填空考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。做題時(shí)，要先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，仔細(xì)閱讀文章，選擇最適合語(yǔ)境的詞，注意上下文的呼應(yīng)及語(yǔ)境。

41.【答案】【小題1】
importance
【小題2】
wants
【小題3】
balanced
【小題4】
it
【小題5】
after
【小題6】
active
【小題7】
Doing
【小題8】
for
【小題9】
and
【小題10】
happier
【解析】1.?空處作動(dòng)詞known的賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合空格前后的the和of可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞；importance重要性，不可數(shù)名詞。
2.?句意：每個(gè)人都想保持健康?？仗庩愂鍪聦?shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)是Everyone，want應(yīng)用單三形式wants。
3.?此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞diet；balanced形容詞，平衡的。
4.?it is+形容詞+to do sth.做某事是……的，其中it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。
5.?
空處表示“上完廁所后”，應(yīng)用介詞after，表示“在……之后”。
6.?“keep sb.+形容詞”表示“使某人處于某種狀態(tài)”，形容詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；active形容詞，活躍的。
7.?分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，表示概念、習(xí)慣或經(jīng)驗(yàn)。注意首字母大寫。
8.?be good for對(duì)……有益，固定短語(yǔ)。
9.?water，fruit和vegetable之間是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用表示并列的連詞and連接。
10.?“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……，越……”，固定表達(dá)，所以此處應(yīng)用形容詞happy的比較級(jí)。

42.【答案】Thanksgiving?Day?is?one?of?the?most?important?family? holiday?in?America．All?the?members?of?a?family，no?matter? where?far?away?they?are，will?try?to?get?together?on?that?day．The?first?Thanksgiving?in?America? takes?place?in?October，1621．In?1620， the?group?of?Englishmen?sailed?to?Massachusetts．They?had?expected?to?find a? freely?place?to?live?in， so?they?experienced?a?hard?winter．Half?of?them?starved∧death．The?next?spring， we?began?farming．With?the?help?of?local?Indians，they?learned?to?be?plant?corn?and?raise?animals．In?the?fall，the?fields?produced?a?good?harvest． Filling?with?joy?and?thanks?to?God，they?held?a?celebration．In?1863，it?became?a?national?holiday．
1．holiday改為holidays?
2．where改為how??
3．takes改為took?
4．the改為a?
5．freely改為free?
6．so改為but?
7．加to??
8．we改為they??
9．去掉be??
10．Filling改為Filled
【解析】1．holiday改為holidays 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)．holiday是可數(shù)名詞，one of意為"…之一"，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式．
2．where改為how 考查連詞．根據(jù)句意：不管他們離多遠(yuǎn)．用no matter how far．
3．takes改為took 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)．根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in?October，1621，要用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)．
4．the改為a 考查冠詞．a(chǎn) group of意為"一組；一群；一伙 "，是固定搭配．
5．freely改為free 考查形容詞．place是名詞，要用形容詞修飾．
6．so改為but?考查連詞．前后兩個(gè)分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系而非因果關(guān)系，用連詞but．
7．加to 考查固定搭配．starve to death意為"餓死"，是固定搭配．
8．we改為they 考查代詞．they指代文中提到的a group?of?Englishmen．用代詞they．
9．去掉be 考查動(dòng)詞不定式．they與plant之間是主謂關(guān)系，用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)式．
10．Filling改為Filled 考查過去分詞．they與fill之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)．

43.【答案】寫作：
How?to?Keep?Healthy
Hello，everyone，
More?and?more?people?are?concerned?about?their?health．?The?question?is?how?to?keep?healthy．
First?of?all，having?a?balanced?diet?is?very?important．?To?keep?healthy，we?should?eat?more?fresh?fruit，vegetables?and?less?meat．?Besides，we'd?better?get?away?from?junk?food！Secondly，it?is?also?important?to?get?enough?sleep．?Make?sure?we?get?at?least?eight?hours'?sleep?every?day．?Finally，taking?exercise?makes?our?bodies?stronger．?For?example，we?can?walk?or?ride?a?bike?to?school?instead?of?taking?the?bus．Playing?basketball?or?football?can?also?improve?our?health．
In?a?word，there?is?a?lot?we?can?do?to?keep?healthy!
That's?all．?Thank?you．
【解析】略

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