專題07  語(yǔ)法填空 語(yǔ)法填空題將語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的考查融于一篇英語(yǔ)短文中，通過(guò)設(shè)置純空格題填空和給詞填空兩種形式來(lái)表現(xiàn)，突出考查了學(xué)生通過(guò)語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的能力，更能客觀、準(zhǔn)確地考察學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)水平。語(yǔ)法填空題命題首先突出在以下四個(gè)方面的能力：語(yǔ)法加語(yǔ)境，語(yǔ)法與上下文，語(yǔ)法加比較辨析和情景會(huì)話用語(yǔ)；其次要講究測(cè)試面廣，涉及到的語(yǔ)法測(cè)試點(diǎn)要多，這也是愈發(fā)測(cè)試的一個(gè)非常重要的特色。如語(yǔ)法測(cè)試體的測(cè)試點(diǎn)包括動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞、介詞、復(fù)合句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句、倒裝句、反意疑問(wèn)句、省略句和it的用法等，在這些測(cè)試項(xiàng)目中，動(dòng)詞及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式又是重點(diǎn)中的測(cè)試重點(diǎn)，從這幾年語(yǔ)法測(cè)試題看，動(dòng)詞的比例占有率相當(dāng)大。因此語(yǔ)法填空題選材必須注意：所選句子的語(yǔ)言形式要正確，原汁原味，所選句子的意思要清晰明了，句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)功能可以完美地服務(wù)于句子的語(yǔ)義。 Researchers say they have found microplastics (微塑料) -tiny pieces of plastic that come as a result of the disposal of industrial waste-deep in the lungs of living ____1____ (human) for the first time.The research, which ____2____ (publish) in the journal Science of the Total Environment last week, is the first study ____3____ (identify) the plastics in the lungs of living people. The plastics have ____4____ (previous) been found in human blood, waste and in the depths of the ocean.In the study, researchers ____5____ (collect) lung tissue from surgical procedures on patients as part of their routine medical care. Researchers identified 12 types of microplastics, ____6____ are commonly found in bottles, packaging, and clothing, along with other manufacturing processes.The study notes ____7____ “increasing concern” with the harm that could come with swallowing and breathing in microplastics.The world produces about 300 million metric tons of plastic a year and about 80% ends ____8____ in landfills and other parts of the environment. Microplastics can range from 10 nano-meters-____9____ (small) than the human eye can see-to 5 millimeters in diameter, about the size of the eraser on the end of a pencil. Researchers have found them ____10____ (float) in the air, in tap or bottled water, and in the sea or soil.有提示詞類：一、提示詞為動(dòng)詞原形當(dāng)給出的提示詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般會(huì)考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)或者非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。“一定三思”解“動(dòng)詞”一定  三思        二、提示詞為形容詞或副詞“二步思維” 破 “形、副”第一步 ：如比較等級(jí)的變化首先考慮形容詞或副詞本身的變化。1.比較級(jí)?？疾榈乃姆N情況:(1)句中含有“than...”結(jié)構(gòu)用比較級(jí)。(2)句中雖然沒(méi)有“than...”結(jié)構(gòu),但暗含比較的意味,也用比較級(jí)。(3)表示“越……,就越……”用“the+比較級(jí)...,the+比較級(jí)...”結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)常放在比較級(jí)前面用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)的詞和短語(yǔ)有 much,far,still,even,rather,a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal 及數(shù)字、倍數(shù)等。2.平級(jí)比較的兩個(gè)基本句式:(1)as+形容詞(副詞)原級(jí)+as..“和……一樣”。 not as/so+形容詞(副詞)原級(jí)+as...“不如……”。(2)as+形容詞原級(jí)a(n)+n.as..“和……一樣”。3.否定詞no，not，never等與比較級(jí)連用可表示最高級(jí)意義4.最高級(jí)的一個(gè)基本結(jié)構(gòu):表達(dá)在某個(gè)范圍內(nèi)“最……”,使用“the+最高級(jí)+比較范圍”結(jié)構(gòu)第二步 ：如果并非考查形容詞或副詞的比較等級(jí)，就需要考慮詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。二、提示詞為名詞名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化：(1)一般在名詞詞尾直接加-s，合成名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，通常只將里面所含的主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù),如果沒(méi)有主體名詞，則將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。如:members成員;passers-by過(guò)路人.gn(2)詞尾是-s，x，-ch，-sh時(shí)一般加-es。如:boxes,buses, foxes, glasses,coaches.注意:stomach(胃部)等詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是在詞尾直接加-S。(3)詞尾是輔音字母+y時(shí),變y為-ies。如:studies研究; enemies敵人;difficulties難事。詞尾是元音字母+y時(shí)，直接加 -s。如:keys 鑰匙。(4)以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí),一般把f或fe去掉再加-ves。如:shelves 架子。注意:下列以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞直接加-s,如;roofs 房頂;chiefs首領(lǐng);beliefs信仰。(5)  詞尾是o的名詞,有些直接加-s,有些加-es。如:pianos鋼琴; photos 相片;zoos動(dòng)物園;tomatoes 番茄;potatoes 土豆。三．提示詞為代詞1.人稱代詞、物主代詞和反身代詞的用法(1)人稱代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用主格,作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用賓格,作表語(yǔ)時(shí)多用賓格。(2)形容詞性物主代詞通常在句中作定語(yǔ)。名詞性物主代詞可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ),不能用于名詞前(3)反身代詞表示動(dòng)作的承受者就是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,可以在句中作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ),不能單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)。2.根據(jù)代詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞诌M(jìn)行判斷如果位于賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)位置一般應(yīng)該用賓格代詞、反身代詞或者名詞性物主代詞;如果作定語(yǔ),常用形容詞性物主代詞?？傊_分析句子成分，注意區(qū)分代詞的性別人稱、數(shù)和意義的差別是解決此類題目的關(guān)鍵。無(wú)提示詞類一．無(wú)提示詞之填介詞  常用介詞的使用規(guī)則(1)with的主要含義:①(表示狀態(tài))具有，帶有②(表示伴隨)隨著③(表示原因)由于,因?yàn)棰?/span>(表示關(guān)系)和……起⑤(表示用途)用……(2)for 的主要含義:①為了 ②代表 ③因?yàn)?/span>,由于 ④贊成，支持⑤就……而言 ⑥達(dá)(表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間)(3)in 的主要含義:①在(某段時(shí)間)之后 ②穿著(表示狀態(tài)或狀況)③處于……中④(表示使用的語(yǔ)言、材料等)用….⑤在……方面 ⑥(方向)以……方向(4)to的主要含義和用法:①(表示方向)朝……,向……②(表示程度)到……,達(dá)到……③在某些名詞后常跟介詞to,如:key,answer,vis it,apology,solution,attitude,devotion,entrance 等(5)beyond的主要含義:①(表示位置)在……另一邊，在……更遠(yuǎn)處②(表示程度)超出，非……所能及(6)against的主要含義:①(表示態(tài)度)反對(duì) ②(表示對(duì)比)以……為背景③(表示方位)倚靠著……2.名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其前面可以考慮填介詞介詞可位于名詞之前，如at night，on Sunday等:也可位于形容詞之后,如be interested in,be good at等;還可位于不及物動(dòng)詞之后,如listen to,arrive at, look for 等。二．無(wú)提示詞之填冠詞1.不定冠詞a/an的常考點(diǎn)(1)表示泛指某個(gè)人或事物。(2)表示“某一個(gè)”,相當(dāng)于a certain(3)具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、情感的抽象名詞在表示具體的概念時(shí),可以與不定冠詞連用。如:a success一個(gè)成功的人或一件成功的事;a pleasure一件令人高興的事;a comfort一個(gè)莫大的安慰。(4)表示“每……”,多用于速度、價(jià)格等表達(dá)中。(5)用在序數(shù)詞前,表示“再一,又一”。(6)不定冠詞常用在一些固定搭配中。如:a waste of浪費(fèi)……;all of a sudden 突然地;as a rule通常;as a result of 由于……;as a whole 總體上;for a while一會(huì)兒。2.定冠詞the的常考點(diǎn)(1)定冠詞特指某人、某事或某物。(2)在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前面或由only,very, me等修飾的名詞前面用定冠詞the。如:the very per n正是那個(gè)人。(3)某些形容詞前面加定冠詞,表示某類人或物。(4)用在表示計(jì)量的名詞前,如by the hour,by the way,by the week,by the dozen, by the yard 等,但是如表示單位的名詞為不可數(shù)名詞,之前不用冠詞,如by weight/height 等。(5)定冠詞在短語(yǔ)中的習(xí)慣用法on the whole 總體上 to tell the truth 說(shuō)實(shí)話 on the contrary相反in the end最后二．無(wú)提示詞之填代詞1.it的用法(1) it可用作人稱代詢用來(lái)指代事物成上文提到過(guò)的內(nèi)容。(2) it作形式主話或形式賓語(yǔ)代指不定式動(dòng)詞-ing形式、名調(diào)性從句。(3)表示*喜歡、憎恨”等心理方面的動(dòng)詞后常接計(jì)作形式賓語(yǔ)、然后再樓真正實(shí)語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)從句)，這類動(dòng)詞有enjoy，prefer, love, like. hate, dislike, appreciate 等.2.不定代詞和替代詞的用法(1)both,either,neither 都強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。neither 表示“兩者都不”，either 表示"兩者中任何一個(gè)"，both表示“再者都”。(2)all 和 none 都強(qiáng)調(diào)三者戎三者以上,ll 表示“全部都”，面 none 表示”全都都不”。(3)another 表示“(三者以上中的)另一個(gè),再一個(gè)”。the other 意為“(滿者中的)另一個(gè)”。other 意為“其余的。另外的"。others泛指其余的人或物。 (4)that/these 可用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)的名詞。that替代單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名間，面those 替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞放集合名詞。(5)one指代前面出現(xiàn)過(guò)的那類事物中的“一個(gè)”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones。3.缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，可以考慮填代詞。所填代詞主要是人稱代調(diào)及作形式主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或強(qiáng)調(diào)司式的it三．無(wú)提示詞之填并列連詞(1)若兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單詞或短語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連詞,此時(shí)就考慮填連接詞。主要的連詞有表示并列關(guān)系的and和表示選擇關(guān)系的or等。(2)并列句一般由“簡(jiǎn)單句+并列連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句”構(gòu)成,有時(shí)并列連詞前有逗號(hào),可以根據(jù)上下句的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系判斷連詞,如同等關(guān)系(and)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(but)選擇關(guān)系(or)、因果關(guān)系(so)等。四．無(wú)提示詞之填從句連詞從句連詞是指三大從句的引導(dǎo)詞，它們用來(lái)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。判斷空格處填哪一類引導(dǎo)詞,首先要看它所引導(dǎo)的是哪一種從句,然后根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的種類和功能來(lái)確定填哪一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。(1)名詞性從句:當(dāng)確定為名詞性從句后，可以分析從句是否缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),如果缺少以上成分,一般情況下要使 what,有時(shí)可能使用who/whom或which;如果不缺少以上成分,則考慮句子意思是否完整,完整的句子可以使用 that,意想完整的則考慮if/whether,where,why,how, because 等。(2)定語(yǔ)從句:當(dāng)確定為定語(yǔ)從句后，首先要看看先行詞指人、物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，還是其他,然后判斷引導(dǎo)詞在從句中的成分。再根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的有關(guān)規(guī)則確定使用哪個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。一、The Grand Canal is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years,____1____construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period. The 1794 kilometers’ waterway is 22 times____2____length of the Panama Canal. It is a golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China. The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing____3____(pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems.The canal____4____( function) as the backbone of the ancient empire’s inland communication and trading systems. Grain, salt,____5____(log) and silk were transported along the canal to all directions. Scores of towns along the banks developed, contributing ____6____(huge) to ancient China’s economy. The canal enormously promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north____7____south, which ensured the country’s____8____(stable).In 2014. it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan____9____(construct) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal. During the last 2 years, building the Grand Canal national cultural parks_____10_____(recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five-Year Plan. In future, cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt, green belt and tourism belt.二、Unlike most of her fellow postgraduates, who found jobs in big cities, Zhang Xiaoyang, after graduation from Zhejiang University three years ago, chose to go to DunHuang Academy, ____11____ (land) a job as an archaeologist.Despite being the world’s largest treasure of Buddhist art, living conditions in Dunhuang, which sits in the Gobi Desert in Northwest China’s Gansu province, ____12____ (be) tougher than in China’s big cities. People working here have to battle with sand and wind and suffer from ____13____ (lonely).Zhang, ____14____ her late 20s, has an intense routine. Assigned two stressful tasks, she spends most of the day  ____15____ (absorb) in her world with the excavation team in Tianwangtang. At night. she writes academic reports on the discoveries in Cave 254, which ____16____ (create) during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534).“Dunhuang is a place of magic. For those who once planned to work here ____17____ (temporary), maybe it will be a few years ____18____ they move to bigger cities. But I’m totally fascinated by the site and amazed at ____19____ the ancient people lived in the desert around then. So I have decided to stay for decades,” said Zhang Xiaoyang.Her story is featured in The Master of Dunhuang, ______20______ three—episode documentary, currently available on the streaming site Tencent Video, which has gained a lot of attention online. 一、（2023·江蘇南京·校聯(lián)考一模）On the Internet, a sea of articles advise us how to make sleep perfect. Also, lots of advice columns tell us we’re sleeping wrong. Even ___1___ (bad), some experts claim that if you’re not sleeping right your life is going to be shorter. What makes us ___2___ (trap) in worries most is that we’re not getting enough, less than seven hours a  night. But there are two problems.The first problem is that seven to eight hours of sleep, while recommended for adults, is just ___3___ average. It’s true that not getting enough sleep in the long term ___4___ (associate) with health problems. But a good night’s sleep can be different for different people. Some adults need eight, ___5___ some are just fine on six.The second problem is that it can be misleading, especially for people who do have trouble ___6___ (sleep). For instance, nowadays, large numbers of adults are wearing sleep tracking ___7___ (device). It’s cool to see how much sleep you’ve gotten each night and to know what part of your night was spent in deep sleep or dreaming. But having all of that sleep data is causing some people to become worried or concerned, ___8___ is causing more sleep problems.According to Dr. Colleen Carney, head of the Ryerson University Sleep Lab, the basic questions you should ask yourself are: Do I feel ___9___ (reasonable) well-rested during the day? Do I generally sleep through the night to dawn? Or, if I wake, do I fall back asleep easily? Can I stay awake through the day ____10____ unconsciously falling asleep? If your answers are yes, you probably don’t need to worry about your sleep.二、（2023·廣東深圳·統(tǒng)考一模）For Greek photographer George Doupas, Beijing is home now. During the past decade, he has been photographing the city, capturing its beauty ___11___ sharing these photos online and in exhibitions. “This ___12___ (true) represents Beijing — the old and the new, nicely mixing together, ” Doupas said while showing his photograph of the Zhihua Temple, a delicate Ming Dynasty building. It ___13___ (locate) in front of a modern office building, Galaxy SOHO, which features weaving bridges and interlocking passageways. With rich historical heritage, Beijing ___14___ (be)an important center of traditional Chinese culture since the Ming Dynasty. Doupas often gets ___15___ (lose) in the city’s splendid ancient architecture. Meanwhile, he is also amazed by the modern city ___16___(combine) high-end businesses and various industries. “It is fascinating to see a rapidly-developing city that invests so much effort in preserving its past, which is ___17___ I decided to pursue my career here,” he said. Doupas is determined to continue with his career in China, hoping to serve as ___18___ bridge between China and the West. The ___19___ (display) that show his photos about Beijing have attracted a large audience in Greece and the Czech Republic. “I call Beijing my home now,” he said, “I’ll keep sharing photos of China ___20___ the rest of the world.”三、（2023·湖北·校聯(lián)考三模）With the World Cup successfully held in Qatar, “made in China” objects are having increasing presence in the biggest football celebration across the globe, with Chinese brands betting on sponsorship ____21____ (enhance) their international influence, Beijing Business Today reported. Data showed Chinese companies provided ____22____ (much) sponsorship tax income than companies from any other country at the 2022 World Cup, ____23____ (rank) as the world’s top with nearly $1.4 billion. Apart from big companies, manufacturers from Yiwu, China’s small commodity (商品) center, also witnessed their growing influence during the world-famous sports event. From footballs and national flags ____24____ horns and whistles, over 60 percent of souvenirs ____25____ (produce) in Yiwu for this years’ World Cup. “In terms of the ____26____ (globe) industrial supply chain, ‘made in Yiwu’, has already become a worldwide commercial symbol originating from China, ____27____ indicates reliance and trust”, said Song Xiangqing, an economist and the vice-president of the Commerce Economy Association of China. CCTV news reported that Chinese companies mainly from Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces have also provided more than 10,000 container houses for the World Cup, ____28____ (use) as accommodation for tourists and football fans. “The World Cup sponsorship by ____29____ large number of Chinese companies is a _____30_____ (demonstrate) of China’s economic power, and makes the globe feel the power of Chinese brands,” Song said.四、（2022·山東·山東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)?？既＃?/span>Nowadays feeling stressed from time to time is extremely common in society. On many occasions your doctor said he could not find anything wrong with you. Perhaps you were advised to go to the hospital again and again, but all the fancy equipment there still ___31___ (show) there was nothing wrong with you and you were often puzzled at the conclusion. Then probably you might be in a state of sub-health. Sub-health, also ___32___ (call) the third state or the grey state, is referred to ___33___ a borderline between health and disease. The reason why people catch such kind of disease is not that clear.According to ___34___ investigation by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of sub-healthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage among people ___35___ work in important management positions is even ___36___ (high) than that of the students around the exam time, due to ___37___ (they) heightened exposure to stress. The key to preventing and ___38___ (recover) from sub-health, according to some medical experts, is to form good habits, alternate work with rest, exercise ___39___ (regular) and take an active part in open-air activities. As for meals, they should eat more fresh vegetables, fruits and fish which are rich in nutritional ____40____ (element)—that are significant to the body.五、（2023·河北衡水中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaeologist ___41___ has spent more than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province ___42___(know) as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” in her field, though “protector” is probably a more fitting ___43___(describe).Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking University, then as a conservationist when she ___44___(become) the deputy director of the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984, which serves to prevent the ancient site ___45___ being destroyed.“It is over a thousand years old. It is an old person, an ___46___(extreme) weak old person. It has ___47___(variety) illnesses. If you are a little careless, it could be gone. Gone forever,” Fan says.Today, thanks to the work of great ___48___(archaeologist) such as Fan, Dunhuang is proud of the world’s largest and best-preserved collection of Buddhist relics ___49___(date) from the 15th to the 13th centuries. The main Mogao site is made up of 735 caves spread across a 1,700-metre-wide cliff face, containing 45,000 square metres of murals(壁畫) ____50____ more than 2,000 colourful sculptures. 一、（2022·全國(guó)·統(tǒng)考高考真題）Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (陽(yáng)臺(tái)), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___1___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.  ___2___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___3___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___4___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___5___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___6___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___7___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___8___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___9___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___10___ to thank him.”"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.二、（2022·全國(guó)·高考真題）The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___11___ (cover)an area about three times ___12___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___13___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___14___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___15___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___16___ leaving behind precious natural assets(資產(chǎn))for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___17___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___18___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___19___ an umbrella species(物種), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____20_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.三、（2022·全國(guó)·高考真題）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___21___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路線) by foot. On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___22___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___23___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___24___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___25___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___26___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years. Cao ___27___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___28___ (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___29___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____30____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.四、（2022·全國(guó)·高考真題）May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___31___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___32___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___33___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___34___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___35___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___36___ (share) future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (發(fā)布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___37___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.  ___38___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___39___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening _____40_____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.五、（2021·全國(guó)·統(tǒng)考高考真題）I've always loved the ocean. In the____41____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____42____ (think)it is food.I decided to do something ____43____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____44____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）.  I found the contact information of the company____45____ emailed its president. I told him how ____46____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____47____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____48____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____49____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____50_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 

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