T learn the usage f fr and since.T use the Grammar Fcus sentences t cre ate simple cnversatin.T review the present perfect tense.T learn new wrd: hmetwn…
Yu’re having a yard sale. What wuld yu d with the mney yu raise?
Present Perfect Tense
表示從過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示“從過去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時間狀語”連用，如“fr+時間段”、“since+過去時間點”、“since+過去時的從句”、“since+一段時間+ag”。且fr與since引導的時間狀語可以相互轉換。
e.g. My uncle has wrked at this factry fr ten years. = My uncle has wrked at this factry since ten year ag. I’ve?lived?here?since?1990． 自從1990年以來我就住在這里。?? I?haven’t?seen?him?fr?three?years. 我三年沒有看見他了。??
She’s?been?at?this?schl?since?fiveyears?ag.??自從五年前她就在這個學校。含有fr，since的現(xiàn)在完成時的用法歌訣: 過去的動作或狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，fr、since 把時間帶。 ??
fr與since都能與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，但區(qū)別較大：（1）fr后須接“時間段” e.g. He has studied English fr five years. 他學英語5年了。（2）since后須接“時間點”e.g. He has studied English since 1999. 他從1999年開始學英語。
fr 和 since 在現(xiàn)在完成時中的應用
（3）二者可以轉換 fr + 一段時間 = since + 一段時間 + ag e.g. He has been here fr five weeks. = He has been here since five weeks ag. 他到這兒已經(jīng)有五個星期了。（4）since能引導時間狀語從句（主句用現(xiàn)在完 成時，從句用一般過去時），而fr則不能。e.g. He has taught here since he came t China. 自從他來到中國就在這兒教書。
（5）現(xiàn)在完成時常用句型：①It is (has been) +時間段+ since +時間狀語或從句 e.g. It is fur days since last Friday.從上周五到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)四天了。It has been tw years since Jim came t Beijing.吉姆來北京已經(jīng)兩年了。
②This is the first (secnd…) time that + 從句 句型中的that從句通常使用現(xiàn)在完成時。e.g. This is the first time that Jenny and Danny have been t China. 這是珍妮和丹妮第一次來中國。 This is the third time that I have seen Karen. 這是我第三次見到凱倫。
（6）均須與延續(xù)性動詞連用，也可以與非延 續(xù)性動詞的否定式連用。e.g. I have had this cmputer since fur years ag. I haven’t bught anything fr tw mnths.I haven’t heard frm him fr 3 weeks.
（7）二者引出的時間狀語往往用 hw lng提問。e.g. — Hw lng have yu had this bk? — Fr a week./Since a week ag. — 這本書你買多久了? — 買一周了。
1.轉換為相應的延續(xù)性動詞，用于現(xiàn)在完成時。 brrw — keep buy — have put n — wear catch a cld — have a cld get t knw — knw get t sleep — sleep
非延續(xù)性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉換
2. 轉化為“be + 形容詞/副詞/介詞/名詞”begin / start — be n g ut — be ut clse — be clsed pen — be pen get t/arrive/reach — be (in)die — be dead leave — be away
finish — be verfall asleep — be asleep jin — be in/be a member f becme — be make friends — be friendscme/g/ — be + 相應的介詞短語
The ld man died 4 years ag.— The ld man has been dead fr 4 years. It is 4 years since the ld man died.— Fur years has passed since the ld man died. He jined the Party 2 years ag.— He has been in the Party fr 2 years. I bught the bk 5 days ag.— I have had the bk fr 5 days.
I.選擇fr或since填空。1. I have been here ________ five mnths ag.2. He has been a sldier _____ abut tw mnths.3. Great changes have taken place ________ yu left.4. His grandpa has been dead _____ ten years.5. I have studied English _______ I was 12 years ld.6. It is tw years ________ I became a pstgraduate student.
1. She _______ this bk fr nearly three weeks. A. has brrwed B. has lent C. has bught D. has kept 2. Ten years has passed ____ the CCTV event Peple Wh Mved China tk place in 2002. A. when B. while C. befre D. since
Grammar Fcus
Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ag. __________________________________2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hurs ag. ____________________________________
Rewrite the sentences using fr r since.
Jim has been in Japan fr three days.
They haven’t eaten fr ten hurs.
3. I have a camera. I bught it in 2009. _______________________________4. I knw Anna. I first met her three years ag. ___________________________________5. Linda is ill. She became ill n Mnday. ____________________________________
I have had a camera since 2009.
I have knwn Anna fr three years.
Linda has been ill since Mnday.
1. I __________________ (never be) t the water park befre. Iwant t ____ (g) next mnth befre the weather gets t cld.2. They_____________________ (never wn) any pets, but they ______________________ (always want) t have a dg.3. We__________ (have) a pian since last
Fill in the blanks with the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets.
have never been
have never wned
have always wanted
Nvember. We _________ (buy) it frm the Li family when they mved t the US last year.4. Cathy and Amy _____________ (nt be) back t their hmetwn fr tw years. They ______ (miss) their hmetwn a lt and hpe t visit the place next year.5. This museum __________ (be) here fr ver 20 years. It _____ (be) ne f the ldest buildings in this small twn.
haven’t been
Fill in the questins and ask tw students. Then cmplete the chart.
1. D yu have a (n)_________? Hw lng have yu had it?2. D yu wn a (n)__________? Hw lng have yu wned it?
1. Miss Liu has taught English ___ she came here. A. since B. as C. when D. fr2. — Lk at these stamps. I?___ them fr five years. ??? — Ww, they are wnderful. A. kept?? B. have kept??? C. have bught
3. My sister has learnt English?______.??? A. fr twelve years ag????? B. since she was fur ??? C. twelve years ag????????? D. at the age f fur 4. She _____ the bk ______ tw days ag. A. has brrwed; since?? B. has kept; since? C. kept; fr5. — Did yu brrw the cmic bk frm the library? — Yes, I ______ it fr three days. I’ll return it this afternn. A. brrwed B. kept C. have brrwed D. have kept
1. We have lived here _______ 1990.2. — Hw lng have yu studied here? — ______ 5 years. 3. The by has had a bad cld ______ last night.4. I have waited ______ tw hurs. 5. Mr. Huang has kept the bk ______ last mnth.6. I have taught in the schl ______ I came here.
II. 用fr和since完成句子。
7. We have been friends ______ a lng time.8. I have been in Nanjing ______ eight years.9. Sally has been away frm Lndn ______ last Saturday.10. Our schl has changed a lt ______ the new building was built.11. Tmmy has had this mtrcycle ____ three years.12. My parents have been married ____ 20 years.
III. 按要求改寫句子。
1. The class was ver ten minutes ag. (同義句轉化) The class _________________ fr ten minutes.2. His grandpa died in 2004. (同義句轉化) His grandpa _________________ fr 10 years.3. The exhibitin has been n fr three days. (同義句轉化) The exhibitin ______________ three days ag.
has been ver
has been dead
started/began
4. My parents gt married 25 years ag. (同義句轉化) My parents __________________ fr 25 years.5. I bught the MP3 last week. (同義句轉化) I __________ the MP3 fr a week.6. Kitty jined the Reading Club last year. (同義句轉化) Kitty _________________________ the Reading Club since last year.
has been a member f
have been married
7. My uncle began t teach Chinese when he was 23. (同義句轉化) My uncle has _______ Chinese _____ he was 23. 8. We haven’t seen each ther fr 2 years. (同義句轉化) It’s tw years ______ we last ______.9. The meeting has been ver fr an hur. (對劃線部分提問) ___________ has the meeting been ver? 　　 　　
taught since
since met
IV. 根據(jù)漢語提示，完成下面的句子。1. 你上個星期五就借了我的書，還沒有看完嗎？ Yu __________ my bk ______ last Friday. Haven’t yu finished reading it?2. 我從七點起就開始等了。 I have waited _____________________.3. 她已經(jīng)到達公司半個小時了。 She has been in the cmpany _______________.
have kept since
since seven ’clck
fr half an hur
4. 他離開家已經(jīng)10年了。 He has been away frm hme ______________.5. 足球賽已經(jīng)開始15分鐘了。 The ftball match _________________ 15 minutes.6. 他從去年起加入了籃球俱樂部。 He has been a member f the Basketball Club __________________.
fr ten years
has been n fr
since last year
7.這本字典我已買了三年了。 I have had this dictinary fr three years.8.他離開中國三年了。 He has been away frm China fr three years.9.我認識他們已經(jīng)五年了。 I have knwn them fr five years.
10.他們已去美國五年了。??? They have been in the USA fr five years. 11.自從他搬到濟寧，他就住這兒了。 He has been here since he mved t Jining.?12.自從1999年以來他們就認識。? They have knwn each ther since 1999.
— Yur new watch is s nice! When did yu buy it?— In Octber. I it fr tw mnths. A. had B. bught C. have had D. have bught
— Where are the teachers nw?— In the meeting rm. They _____ the meeting fr 10 minutes. A. have begun B. have been n C. have had D. have been held

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