高中英語Unit 4 Friends forever說課課件ppt-課件下載-教習網

Attributive clauses (1)Lk at the sentences frm the reading passage and answer the questins.1　What des “that” refer t in sentence (a)?2　What des “wh” refer t in sentence (b )?
“That” refers t “the peple” in sentence (a).
“Wh” refers t “peple” in sentence (b).
a　We can... stay in tuch with the peple that we want t remain friends with.b　The digital age als enables us t find peple wh share ur interests...
Attributive clauses (1)Cmpare the tw grups f sentences and answer the questins.3　What is the difference between the tw grups f sentences?
Sentences (a) and (b) bth cntain a clause defining a nun in each sentence. Sentences (c) and (d) are each cnstructed with a pair f simple sentences, with ne defining a nun that appears in the ther sentence in each pair.
c　We can... stay in tuch with peple. We want t remain friends with them.d　The digital age als enables us t find peple. These peple share ur interests...
Attributive clauses (1)Cmpare the tw grups f sentences and answer the questins.4　Why des the authr chse t use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage?
Because there is a clser link and cnnectin between “peple” and the clause defining it in sentences (a) and (b) . It als makes the passage clearer, and creates an emphatic effect n the peple r things being defined.
Attributive clauses (1)Cmpare the tw grups f sentences and answer the questins.5 What ther wrds are used t intrduce attributive clauses? What d they refer t?
Other wrds used t intrduce attributive clauses include “which”, “whm” and “whse”. They can refer t an bject r a thing, a persn as the bject f an actin and the relatinship f belnging.
Attributive clauses (1)Rewrite the underlined sentences with that, which, wh, whm r whse.
Lucy is my friend. She has a hearing prblem. When she first came t my schl, she seemed lnely, but we sn became friends. At first it was difficult t cmmunicate with her. S I learnt a new language. It allws me t “speak” with my hands.Lucy is a smart girl. Her ideas are always inspiring. I smetimes have prblems. I can’t slve them. When this happens, I always ask Lucy fr help. Lucy is a gd listener. I enjy sharing mments f my life with her.
Lucy is my friend wh/that has a hearing prblem.
S I learnt a new language that/which allws me t “speak” with my hands.
Lucy is a smart girl whse ideas are always inspiring.
I smetimes have prblems (that/
which) I can’t slve.
Lucy is a gd listener
(wh/whm/that) I enjy sharing mments f my life with.
Attributive clauses (1)Cmplete the nline frum pst with that, which, wh, whm r whse.
定語從句（1）——關系代詞的用法1 定語從句概述（1）定義：在復合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句，叫做定語從句。它所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。（2）構成The bk which（關系詞）I am reading is written by Tmas Hardy.先行詞定語從句我正在讀的這本書是托馬斯·哈代寫的。Real winners are thse whse（關系詞）failures inspire them t g at it again. 先行詞定語從句真正的贏家是那些被失敗所鼓舞繼續(xù)向前的人。
（3）分類：限制性定語從句、非限制性定語從句Sme peple wh are successful language learners ften fail in ther fields. 有些在語言學習上很有成就的人，在其他領域常常一無所成。（限制性定語從句） The sun heats the earth，which makes it pssible fr plants t grw. 太陽給予大地熱量，這就使植物的生長成為可能。（非限制性定語從句）
關系代詞：that，which，wh，whm，whse，as 關系副詞：when，where，why 關系代詞的具體用法見下表：
寫出下列各句中定語從句的先行詞、關系詞以及關系詞在從句中所作的成分（1）But the ne millin peple f the city，wh thught little f these events，were asleep as usual that night. _______________________________________________________________________________（2）The man whse father I have talked t is Jack. _______________________________________________________________________________（3）A huge crack that was eight kilmetres lng and thirty metres wide cut acrss huses， rads and canals. _______________________________________________________________________________（4）The number f peple wh were killed r seriusly injured reached mre than 400，000. _______________________________________________________________________________
先行詞：the ne millin peple f the city；關系詞：wh，在從句中作主語
先行詞：the man；關系詞：whse，在從句中作定語
先行詞：a huge crack；關系詞：that，在從句中作主語
先行詞：peple；關系詞：wh，在從句中作主語
寫出下列各句中定語從句的先行詞、關系詞以及關系詞在從句中所作的成分（5）They can chse smething that they like. _______________________________________________________________________________（6）［詞匯復現］The army rganised teams t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead. _______________________________________________________________________________（7）Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed. _______________________________________________________________________________（8）He never gt back the mney which he had lent t his friend. _______________________________________________________________________________
先行詞：smething；關系詞：that，在從句中作賓語
先行詞：thse；關系詞：wh，在從句中作主語
先行詞：survivrs；關系詞：whse，在從句中作定語
先行詞：the mney；關系詞：which，在從句中作賓語
2 關系代詞的用法（ 1）that 既可指人也可指物，在定語從句中可作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略。（2）which 指物，在定語從句中可作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略。（3）wh 指人，在定語從句中可作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略。（4）whm 指人，在定語從句中作賓語，可省略，也可用that/wh 代替。（5）whse 既可指人也可指物，表“所屬”關系，在定語從句中作定語。 I’ve gt a nvel（which/that） yu may like t read. 我弄到一本你或許想看的小說。（指物，作賓語） I have n idea abut the man wh/that wrte the article. 我不認識寫這篇文章的那個人。（指人，作主語） Wh is the girl （whm/that/wh） yu talked t just nw? 剛才和你說話的那個女孩是誰？（指人，作賓語） D yu knw the name f that girl whse brther is yur rmmate? 你知道她的哥哥與你同寢室的那個女孩的名字嗎?（指人，作定語） I like the huse whse windw faces suth. 我喜歡窗戶朝南的那所房子。（指物，作定語）
【誤區(qū)警示】（1）關系代詞指代先行詞且在定語從句中充當主語、賓語或定語，因此定語從句中不能再出現關系代詞所替代的名詞或代詞。昨天晚上我們看的那部電影非常嚇人。 The film（that/which）we saw it last night was very frightening. （×） The film（that/which）we saw last night was very frightening. （√）（2）關系代詞在從句中作主語時不能省略，作賓語時可以省略。（3）way 作先行詞的定語從句當way 表示“方式、方法”在句中作先行詞，后被一個定語從句修飾且定語從句中缺少狀語時，引導定語從句可用that 或in which，也可以省略。I dn’t like the way that he laughed at me. =I dn’t like the way in which he laughed at me. =I dn’t like the way he laughed at me. 我不喜歡他用那種方式來嘲笑我。
填上適當的關系代詞，并寫出關系代詞的用法和功能（1）［詞匯復現］A CD-ROM is a separate disk 　　　　 cntains lts f infrmatin.（　　　　）（2）This is the suitcase 　　　　 she is lking fr. （　　　　　　）（3）［詞匯復現］The number f the peple 　　　　 cme t visit this city each year reaches ne millin. （　　　　　?。?）We are cncerned abut the peple 　　　　 have suffered a lt in the earthquake.（　　　　　　）（5）Danny was the man 　　　　 we rescued frm the ruins. （　　　　　　）（6）Rse is the persn 　　　　 yu shuld care abut. （　　　　　?。?（7）Is that the girl 　　　　 yu spke f the ther day? （　　　　　　）（8）I knw the persn 　　　 huse was ttally destryed in the earthquake.（　　　　　?。?（9）He lived in a huse 　　　　walls and rf had partly cllapsed.（　　　　　?。?br/>指物，作賓語，可以省略
wh/whm/that
指人，作賓語，可以省略
指人，作定語，修飾huse
指物，作定語，修飾walls and rf
3 宜用 that 不宜用 which 引導定語從句的情況（1）當先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。 We have t cnsider the first thing that starts ur wrk. 我們必須要考慮啟動我們工作的第一件事。This is the mst impressive TV theater that has never been put n shw befre. 這是以前從未上演過的最有感染力的電視劇。（ 2）當先行詞是 all，little，few，much，any，everything，anything， nthing，nne 等不定代詞或先行詞被這些詞修飾時。 Anything that can burn is a surce f heat energy. 任何能夠燃燒的東西都是熱能源。（3）當先行詞被 the nly，the very，the last，the same 等修飾時。That is the nly way that leads t yur success. 那是通向你成功的唯一的路。
【學法點撥】以上三種情況有一個共同特點，就是先行詞或先行詞之前的修飾語往往帶有“唯一”或者“全部”的概念，以致無法作出選擇。因為關系代詞 which 是疑問代詞，表示“哪一個”，含有選擇意味，所以，用that 引導萬無一失。（4）當先行詞既包括人又包括物時。He asked abut the factries and wrkers that he had visited. 他問起他參觀過的工廠和拜訪過的工人的情況。（5）當主句是以which 開頭的特殊疑問句時。Which f the bks that have pictures is wrth reading? 哪本有插圖的書值得一讀？
單句語法填空并分析（1）The first thing 　　　　 yu shuld d is call the plice right away. （2）This is the mst delicius fd 　　　　 I have ever had. （3）All 　　　　 can be dne has been dne. （4）Tell me everything 　　　　 yu knw. （5）Please send us any infrmatin 　　　　 yu have abut the subject. （6）The nly thing 　　　　 she culd d was g t the plice fr help. （7）This is the very bk 　　　　 I want t buy. （8）［詞匯復現］Smetimes we shuld ignre the persns and things 　　　　 upset us. （9）Which f the bks 　　　　 yu bught is the mst useful fr my writing?
先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾
先行詞是everything
先行詞被the nly 修飾
先行詞被the very 修飾
先行詞既包括人又包括物
主句是以which 開頭的特殊疑問句
4 宜用 which 不宜用 that 引導定語從句的情況（1）引導非限制性定語從句時。The mst imprtant frm f energy is electrical energy，which is widely used in ur daily life. 最重要的能源形式是電能，它廣泛地運用于我們的日常生活之中。（2）當關系代詞前有介詞時。The wrld in which we live is made f matter. =The wrld that we live in is made f matter. 我們生活于其中的世界是由物質組成的。（ 3）先行詞是that 時，為了避免重復，定語從句用which 不用that 引導。What’s that which flashed in the sky just nw? 剛才在天空中一閃而過的是什么東西？
單句語法填空并分析（1）Ftball，　　　　 is an interesting game， is very ppular all ver the wrld. （2）This is the huse in 　　　　 M Yan nce lived. （3）That 　　　　 yu tld him is what we want t knw. （4）He said that he had never seen her befre，　　　　 was nt true.
that 不能引導非限制性定語從句
“介詞+ 關系代詞”時，關系代詞用which 不用that
5 關系代詞 as 引導的定語從句（ 1）as 既可指人也可指物，在定語從句中可作主語或賓語。它常用在 the ，等結構中，as 不能省略。 Such peple as yu describe are rarely seen nwadays. 你描述的這種人現在很少見了。【誤區(qū)警示】當先行詞被the same 修飾時，也可用 that 引導定語從句，但指同一物，而不是同一類。I have bught the same watch as yu have. 我買了一塊和你一樣的手表。（同樣的手表，但不是同一塊） This is the same watch that I lst. 這就是我丟的那塊手表。（同一塊手表）
（2）as 引導非限制性定語從句，代替整個主句的內容。從句可放在主句前、主句中間或主句后。 As I knw，she hasn’t gt married. 如我所知，她還沒結婚。They wn first place in the game，as culd be expected. 可以預料，他們在比賽中得了第一?！練w納拓展】as 引導非限制性定語從句常用的固定表達： as we all knw 眾所周知 as is well knwn 眾所周知as yu see 如你所見as can be seen 正如所見 as we expect 正如我們期望的as is/was expected 正如期望的 as ften happens 正如經常發(fā)生的 as is ften the case 情況常常是這樣 as I can remember 正如我所記得的 as has been said befre 如前所述
單句語法填空（1）Such reasns 　　　　 we give can persuade him t give up his flish plan. （2）I’ll buy the same dictinary 　　　　 yu have. （3）　　　　 yu knw，she is a stubbrn girl，and I can’t persuade her t change her mind. （4）My grandfather is fnd f talking abut the gd ld days，　　　　 is ften the case with ld peple. 比較并翻譯（5）This is the same bike that I lst tw mnths ag. ______________________________________________________________（6）This is the same bike as I lst tw mnths ag. ______________________________________________________________
這就是兩個月前我丟的那輛自行車。（同一輛自行車）
這輛自行車跟我兩個月前丟的那輛一樣。（同樣的自行車，但不是同一輛）

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