?
2019屆英語卷(北京)
第一部分:知識運用(共兩節(jié),45分)
第一節(jié)　語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)
閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。
A
On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I 　1　 (voice) my biggest concern to my mother,“How will I make friends?”She handed me advice,“Be yourself.”For the past 20 years,I have lived by these words.Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world.Nervously 　2　 (face) challenges,I know I will whisper to 　3　 (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.?
答案與解析
【語篇解讀】上一年級的第一天,媽媽告訴我“做你自己”。從那時起,媽媽的這條建議就一直伴隨著我。
1.voiced　考查動詞時態(tài)。提示詞voice是動詞,句中缺少謂語動詞;由上一句中的stood可知,此處應用一般過去時。
2.facing　考查非謂語動詞。由于句子的主語I與face之間存在主動關系,所以應用facing。
3.myself　考查反身代詞。由于句子的主語I與to的賓語是指同一個人,所以此處應用I的反身代詞myself。

B
Earth Day,　4　(mark) on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.First celebrated 　5　 1970,the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地區(qū)).No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various 　6　(activity) on Earth Day.You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save power—the possibilities are endless.?
答案與解析
【語篇解讀】本文介紹了“地球日”設立的目的、起源以及人們在“地球日”的活動。
4.marked　考查非謂語動詞。EarthDay后已經(jīng)有了謂語動詞is,故此處應用mark的非謂語動詞形式;又因為EarthDay與mark之間存在被動關系,故填marked。
5.in　考查介詞。表示“在某一年”要用介詞in。
6.activities　考查名詞。提示詞activity是名詞,various后要接復數(shù)名詞,所以填activities。

C
Does the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question 　7　 (suggest) that,for most students,it doesn’t.What students do at college seems to matter much more than 　8　 they go.The students benefitting most from college are those 　9　 are totally engaged(參與) in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(資源).Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 　10　(meaning) college experience.?
答案與解析
【語篇解讀】對于大多數(shù)學生來說,所上大學的名字其實不重要,重要的是他們在大學里所做的事情。
7.suggests/suggested/has suggested　考查動詞時態(tài)。提示詞suggest是動詞,而that前面的主句部分缺少謂語;根據(jù)空后的itdoesn’t可知,此處應用與現(xiàn)在相關的時態(tài),也可用一般過去時。
8.where　考查引導詞。than后的從句中缺少狀語,再根據(jù)第一句“Doesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?”可知,此處用where表示“他們所上的大學”。
9.who/that　考查定語從句引導詞。此處those用來指人,其定語從句引導詞常用who/that引導。
10.meaningful　考查形容詞。and連接并列的成分,由其前的healthy可知,此處應填meaning的形容詞形式。
第二節(jié)　完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,共30分)
閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Regardless of the weather or the distance,Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer,76-year-old Wilson has been 　11　 free rides to college students for the past eight years.Since he first started 　12　 his car to the young people,Wilson has 　13　 an astonishing 64,000 miles,and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 　14　 with the students he transports to and from school.The students who he’s 　15　 have gone on to become physicians,teachers and engineers,but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.Some students 　16　call him “Grandpa”.?
Tina Stern 　17　 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free 　18　.“It’s not just a ride;you’re not just sitting there in 　19　 silence or with your headphones on,”Stern said.“He asks you questions and actually 　20　 the answers,so the next time you ride with him,he’ll 　21　 those things.”?
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation,On Point for College.Although the 　22　 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes,Wilson often goes 　23　 to ensure the welfare and safety of the students.If they have problems with registration,Wilson is there to 　24　 them.If they run out of certain daily necessities,Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school,Wilson never 　25　 to buy them a meal.?
For many students,Wilson’s help is not only appreciated,it’s also entirely 　26　 for them to be able to complete their college education.Some students don’t have a reliable car,while others have to 　27　 vehicles with parents who work six days a week.For them,riding with Wilson has 　28　 them to complete their education—but according to Wilson,he benefits just as much from the 　29　.“I just love driving,and I love these kids,”Wilson said.“It’s such a(n) 　30　 to be a part of these kids’ lives,even just for a few hours,getting to know them and hearing their stories.”?
【語篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。保羅·威爾遜是一位退休的工程師,八年來,他一直堅持用車免費接送社區(qū)家庭不富裕的大學生。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
11.A.linking B.sending C.offering D.distributing
答案C
解析根據(jù)第一段中的“PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhisneighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclassesontime”可知,威爾遜在過去的八年中,一直在免費接送大學生。詞組offersth.tosb.意為“為某人提供某物”。
12.A.donating B.lending C.delivering D.volunteering
答案D
解析根據(jù)空后的“hiscartotheyoungpeople”可知,此處表示威爾遜自愿開車送年輕人上大學,所以選D項。volunteer“自愿地或無償?shù)亟o予或提供(幫助等)”。
13.A.paved B.covered C.measured D.wandered
答案B
解析根據(jù)上文自從他第一次開車接送年輕人,可知他已經(jīng)開車64000英里。cover“行走(一段路程)”,所以選B項。
14.A.arguments B.interviews
C.negotiations D.conversations
答案D
解析根據(jù)第三段中Stern所說的“Heasksyouquestionsand...”可知,威爾遜在接送學生的途中,他和學生進行愉快而幽默的交談。conversation“交談”,所以選D項。
15.A.met B.driven C.addressed D.greeted
答案B
解析根據(jù)上一句中的hiscar可知,他“開車”接送過的學生有的已成為醫(yī)生、教師和工程師。drive“開車接送(人)”,所以選B項。
16.A.even B.ever C.once D.already
答案A
解析根據(jù)上一句可知,學生們把威爾遜看作榜樣和朋友。even“甚至”,表示程度進一步加深?！坝行W生甚至喊他爺爺”,故選A項。
17.A.earned B.received C.assessed D.demanded
答案B
解析根據(jù)空后的“allherfouryearsincollege”可知,TinaStern是接受威爾遜幫助的學生之一。所以選received。
18.A.transportation B.style
C.time D.communication
答案A
解析根據(jù)第二段11個空后的freerides可知,此處應選擇與rides意思接近的詞。transportation“運輸”,故選A項。
19.A.forced B.awkward C.ridiculous D.suspicious
答案B
解析根據(jù)空后的“silenceorwithyourheadphoneson”以及下一句“Heasksyouquestionsand...”可知,坐威爾遜的車時,學生們不是局促不安地坐著或戴著耳機,而是與他進行交談。故選B項。
20.A.selects B.recites C.guesses D.remembers
答案D
解析根據(jù)下一句“sothenexttimeyouridewithhim,he...”可知,事實上他記住你的回答。remember“記住”,所以選D項。
21.A.act on B.settle on
C.check on D.agree on
答案C
解析句意:這樣下一次你坐他的車的時候,他將對那些事情進行核實。acton“對……起作用”;settleon“決定,選擇”;checkon“檢查,核實,查對”;agreeon“在……方面意見一致”。所以選擇C項。
22.A.club B.league C.college D.programme
答案D
解析根據(jù)上一句中的“astudent-supportprogramme”可知,此處應用programme。所以選擇D項。
23.A.far B.around C.beyond D.forwards
答案C
解析根據(jù)上文的“Althoughthe...asksthemembersonlytodrive...”以及空后的“toensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents”可知,他做的事情超出了項目讓他所做的。gobeyond“超出”,符合句意。
24.A.assist B.watch C.urge D.warn
答案A
解析根據(jù)從句“Iftheyhaveproblemswithregistration(如果他們入學有問題)”可知,他會在那兒幫助他們,所以選A項。
25.A.expects B.attempts C.manages D.hesitates
答案D
解析從句提到“Ifastudentgetshungryon...”,故此處應填hesitates,表示“他從不猶豫為他們買飯”。所以選D項。
26.A.extra B.unusual C.necessary D.adequate
答案C
解析根據(jù)空后的“forthemtobeabletocompletetheircollegeeducation”可知,此處填necessary(必要的),所以選C項。
27.A.share B.fuel C.repair D.exchange
答案A
解析根據(jù)空后“vehicleswithparents”可知,其他學生與父母共用交通工具。share“共用,分享”,所以選A項。
28.A.required B.allowed C.reminded D.convinced
答案B
解析句意:對他們來說,乘坐威爾遜的車使他們能夠完成他們的教育。allow“準許,允許”,所以選B項。
29.A.experience B.arrangement
C.appreciation D.employment
答案A
解析根據(jù)上一句中“ridingwithWilson”可知,威爾遜認為他從這種經(jīng)歷中同樣受益匪淺。experience“經(jīng)歷”,所以選A項。
30.A.effort B.ambition C.privilege D.convenience
答案C
解析根據(jù)上一句“Ijustlovedriving,andIlovethesekids”可知,威爾遜喜歡開車和孩子,所以他認為能夠成為孩子們生活的一部分是一種榮幸。privilege“榮幸,榮耀”,所以選C項。
第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,共30分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Want to explore new cultures,meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time?You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA).Whatever stage of life you’re at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA,you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社區(qū)).
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds.Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes.We have such roles as project managers,mountain leaders,and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose,you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water,or help to protect valuable local cultures.You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally,you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:
Country
Schedule
4-weekprogrammes
7-weekprogrammes
Algeria
5 Jul.—1 Aug.
20 Jun.—7 Aug.
Egypt
24 Jul.—20 Aug.
19 Jun.—6 Aug.
Kenya
20 Jul.—16 Aug.
18 Jun.—5 Aug.
South Africa
2 Aug.—29 Aug.
15 Jun.—2 Aug.

GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed.All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme.Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website: wwwglodeve.org
Email: humanresources@glodeve.org
【語篇解讀】本文是應用文。本文主要介紹一個名叫“全球發(fā)展協(xié)會”的組織招聘志愿者的廣告。
31.What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A.To seek local partners.
B.To take in young volunteers.
C.To carry out programmes.
D.To foster cultural awareness.
答案C
解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes”可知,這些志愿者將在項目的安全和有些管理中發(fā)揮重要的作用。本題中關鍵詞為running(管理)。所以選C項。
32.The programme beginning in August will operate in 　　　.?
A.Egypt B.Algeria
C.Kenya D.South Africa
答案D
解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中各個項目的開始時間可以發(fā)現(xiàn),只有在SouthAfrica舉辦的為期4周的項目在八月初開始。所以選D項。
33.The shared goal of GDA’s projects is to 　　　.?
A.explore new cultures
B.protect the environment
C.gain corporate benefits
D.help communities in need
答案D
解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格下面一段的最后一句“Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.”可知,所有的項目的目的都是促進貧窮偏僻的社區(qū)的發(fā)展。所以選D項。

B
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy.By the time she was 13,her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth,instead of destroying them.

It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.On the outing,she was offered a candy bar.However,her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.But Moore was sick of missing out on candies.So she desired to get round the warning,“Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?”With that in mind,Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad’s permission,she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly.She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently,she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners,which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground.Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product—CanCandy.
As CanCandy’s success grows,so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created,and she’s also positive about what the future might bring.She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile,with her parents’ help,Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although she founded her company early on in life,she wasn’t driven primarily by profit.Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.She donates 10% of AilieCandy’s profits to Big Smiles.With her talent and determination,it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。愛麗絲·摩爾是一個青少年創(chuàng)業(yè)者,她在2015年建立了自己的公司,之后她致力于幫助其他人開心快樂地生活。
34.How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?
A.She argued with him.
B.She tried to find a way out.
C.She paid no attention.
D.She chose to consult dentists.
答案B
解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第五句“Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,‘Whycan’tImakeahealthycandy...’”可知,摩爾想找到一種兩全其美的方法。所以選B項。
35.What is special about CanCandy?
A.It is beneficial to dental health.
B.It is free of sweeteners.
C.It is sweeter than other candies.
D.It is produced to a dentists’ recipe.
答案A
解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Withherdad’spermission,shespent...togetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly”可知,她所建立的公司生產的糖對孩子們的牙齒有好處。所以選擇A項。
36.What does Moore expect from her business?
A.To earn more money.
B.To help others find smiles.
C.To make herself stand out.
D.To beat other candy companies.
答案B
解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第三句“Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.”可知,摩爾想利用自己的技能幫助其他人找到微笑。所以選B項。
37.What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story?
A.Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B.A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C.Positive thinking and action result in success.
D.Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
答案C
解析推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,摩爾的成功源于她積極的想法和行動。故選C項。

C
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know.By next year,half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺詐).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately,it’s too little,too late.By the time these “solutions”(解決方案)become widely available,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.In the near future,it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(處理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use.At this year’s I/O Conference,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.A decade of data breaches(數(shù)據(jù)侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name,and far more.Armed with this knowledge,they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means,for example,that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s,tricking you into “confirming” your address,mother’s name,and card number.Scammers follow money,so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose,and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
【語篇解讀】本文是議論文。自動撥號電話越來越打擾人們的生活,雖然我們也采取一些措施來應對,但往往落后一步。隨著科技的發(fā)展,自動撥打的電話將對我們造成更大的困擾。
38.How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of robocalls?
A.Panicked. B.Confused.
C.Embarrassed. D.Disappointed.
答案D
解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第四、五句“Unfortunately,it’stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese‘solutions’becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.”可知,作者對有關自動撥號電話的解決辦法很失望。所以選D項。
39.Taking advantage of the new technologies,scammers can 　　　.?
A.aim at victims precisely
B.damage databases easily
C.start campaigns rapidly
D.spread information widely
答案A
解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句“Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.”可知,自動撥號電話成為讓人頭疼的事情是它的精確性更強了。所以選A項。
40.What does the passage imply?
A.Honesty is the best policy.
B.Technologies can be double-edged.
C.There are more solutions than problems.
D.Credibility holds the key to development.
答案B
解析推理判斷題。通讀第二、三段可知,技術的進步既給我們的生活帶來便利,也給我們的生活造成了麻煩。所以技術是一把雙刃劍。所以選B項。
41.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B.Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C.Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
答案C
解析主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文第一段提到了自動撥號電話帶來的危害,隨后兩段進一步解釋這類電話帶給人們危害的原因,倒數(shù)第二段闡述了減輕相關危害的方案,最后一段提出信任度難以獲得卻易失去,并且涉及的相關問題會越來越難解決。這與C項語意相符,所以選C項。

D
By the end of the century,if not sooner,the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3 ℃,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,”she said,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.“It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,”Dutkiewicz said,“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。本文介紹了全球氣候變化對海洋顏色的影響。
42.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
答案B
解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章前兩段的內容可知,這兩段主要介紹了海洋顏色發(fā)生變化的原因。所以選B項。
43.What does the underlined word“vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Sensitive. B.Beneficial.
C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.
答案A
解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下一句“Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth”可知,浮游生物容易受到氣候變暖的影響,vulnerable的含義與sensitive最為接近。所以選A項。
44.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B.Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
答案D
解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第四句“Butinsomewaters...,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.”可知在某些海域,氣候變暖給浮游生物提供更成熟的條件,而這些水域將會變得更綠。所以選D項。
45.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
答案C
解析寫作意圖題。通讀文章的第一段以及最后一段的內容可知,作者寫這篇文章的主要目的就是解釋氣候變化對海洋的影響。所以選C項。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)
根據(jù)短文內容,從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams.Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.　46　 Companies spend millions hiring top business people.Is their money well spent??
　47　 They focused on football,basketball and baseball.The results are mixed.For football and basketball,adding talented players to a team proves a good method,but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent;above that level,the team’s performance begins to decline.Interestingly,this trend isn’t evident in baseball,where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.?
To explain this phenomenon,the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(協(xié)調) their actions.　48　 In baseball,the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.They conclude that when task interdependence is high,team performance will suffer when there is too much talent,while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower.If a basketball star is,for example,trying to gain a high personal point total,he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate,affecting the team’s performance.Young children learning to play team sports are often told,“There is no I in TEAM.”　49　?
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team,some players may make less effort.Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比賽),whenever a person is added,everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
　50　 An A-team may require a balance—not just A players,but a few generous B players as well.?
A.It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B.Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C.The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.
D.Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E.Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F.Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G.This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
答案與解析
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一個團隊的成功與頂尖隊員之間的關系。
46.B　本題考查細節(jié)句。根據(jù)下文提到的“Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?”可知,B項在句子結構和句意上均與下文吻合。
47.E　本題考查主旨句。根據(jù)本段第二句“Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.”內容可知,本段講述天賦在運動中的作用。
48.G　本題考查過渡句。空前一句表明,“為了解釋這一現(xiàn)象,研究人員探索了團隊隊員的協(xié)調程度對團隊表現(xiàn)的影響”,選項G中的“taskinterdependence”與空前句中的“coordinatetheiractions”文意對應,同時,在空格后也多次重現(xiàn)。而G項正好起到承上啟下的作用。所以選G項。
49.D　本題考查段尾句。根據(jù)本段空前的句子“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”是人們經(jīng)常告訴小孩子的話。D項中的thisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship正好與這條原則相符。所以選D項。
50.F　本題考查主旨句。本段下文講述一個優(yōu)秀的團隊需要一種平衡,而不僅僅是頂尖隊員。故F項“Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.”可作為本段的主旨句。
第三部分:書面表達(共兩節(jié),35分)
第一節(jié)(15分)
假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你的英國好友Jim打算暑假期間來北京、天津和上海旅游,發(fā)來郵件詢問相關信息。請你給他回復郵件,內容包括:
1.交通出行;
2.必備衣物。
注意:1.詞數(shù)不少于50;
2.開頭和結尾已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。
DearJim,
?
?
?
?
Yours,
LiHua
參考范文
DearJim,
I’m more than delighted to know that you are going to visit Beijing,Tianjin and Shanghai,which are charming tourist cities,during summer vacation.
It’s very convenient for you to travel in the three cities because there are many means of transform for you to choose,such as buses,tubes,trains,taxies,and shared bikes.When it comes to the objects you have to take,some clothes suitable for summer and an umbrella are needed.In addition,comfortable shoes and other objects you need should be included.
Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
LiHua
第二節(jié)(20分)
假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你們班上周組織了一次以“勞動最光榮”為主題的社會實踐活動。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序,寫一篇英文周記,記述整個過程。
注意:詞數(shù)不少于60。
提示詞:西瓜watermelon

參考范文
Last week,a social activity,whose subject is“Labour is the most glorious”,was organized by our school to develop the students’ love for labour.First,our teacher told us the importance of labour and the meaning of the social activity.After packing my suitcase,I as well as my classmates set off for our destination—a farm in the morning.The moment we arrived there,we started to help the farmers harvest watermelons,for which the farmers praised us.We arrived home in the afternoon,tired but pleased.While having dinner,I told my parents what we had done on the farm.They were also delighted and satisfied with the social activity.

相關試卷

2017年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)：

這是一份2017年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)，共20頁。試卷主要包含了5分,共7，　　 　B等內容，歡迎下載使用。

2012年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)：

這是一份2012年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)，共18頁。試卷主要包含了5分,共7等內容，歡迎下載使用。

2013年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)：

這是一份2013年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)，共16頁。試卷主要包含了5 分,共7等內容，歡迎下載使用。

英語朗讀寶

相關試卷 更多

2014年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)

2014年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)
2015年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)

2015年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)
2018年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)

2018年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)
2016年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)

2016年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語(北京卷)
資料下載及使用幫助
版權申訴
版權申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認為該資料內容侵犯了您的知識產權，請掃碼添加我們的相關工作人員，我們盡可能的保護您的合法權益。
入駐教習網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎勵，申請 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習網(wǎng)
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊

手機號注冊
手機號碼

手機號格式錯誤

手機驗證碼 獲取驗證碼

手機驗證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內有效

設置密碼

6-20個字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號

注冊即視為同意教習網(wǎng)「注冊協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊
手機號注冊
微信注冊

注冊成功

返回
頂部