1. Read a pem and write a shrt essay abut it.2. Write yur wn pem.
What is a pem?
A pem is a cmpsitin with rhythmicbalance expressing ideas r experiencesr feelings.
A pem is a literary wrk that is nt in verse but deals with emtinal r descriptive themes in a rhythmic frm.
A pem is a piece f writing in whichthe wrds are arranged in separate lines, ften ending in rhyme, and are chsen fr their sund and fr the images and ideas they suggest.
A Grain f Sand William BlakeT see a wrld in a grain f sand, And a heaven in a wild flwer, Hld infinity in the palm f yur hand,And eternity in an hur.
Have yu read the pem?
D yu remember any pems yu have read, either in Chinese r in English?
Hw lng will the bright mn appear? Wine-cup in hand, I ask the sky. I d nt knw what time f year, It wuld be tnight in the palace n high.
水調(diào)歌頭 蘇軾 明月幾時有？把酒問青天。 不知天上宮闕，今夕是何年。
Befre yu read, discuss hw t understand a pem with yur partner. Make a list f questins that the readers shuld cnsider while reading pems. The fllwing pints may help yu.
Subject Images Tne
Rhythm and sundsFeelings and emtinsRhetrical devices
Read the pems belw and then cmplete the table.
WIND ON THE HILLN ne can tell me,Nbdy knws,Where the wind cmes frm,Where the wind ges.It's flying frm smewhereAs fast as it can,I culdn't keep up with it,Nt if I ran.But if I stpped hldingThe string f my kite,
It wuld blw with the windFr a day and a night.And then when I fund it,Wherever it blew,I shuld knw that the windHad been ging there t.S then I culd tell themWhere the wind where the wind cmes frmNbdy knws. A. A. Milne
DREAMHld fast t dreams,Fr if dreams dieLife is a brken-winged birdThat cannt fly.Hld fast t dreams,Fr when dreams gLife is a barren fieldFrzen with snw.Langstn Hughes
adj. 貧瘠的；不結果實的
A MATCHIf lve were what the rse is,And I were the leaf,Our lives wuld grw tgetherIn sad r singing weather,Brwn fields r flwerful clses,Green pleasure r grey grief;If lve were what the rse is,And I were like the leaf.A. C. Swinburne
n. 悲傷；悲痛；傷心事
Where the wind cmes frm and ges
Hld fast t dreams
If lve were what the rse is
knws, ges, can, ran
persnificatin
die, fly, g, snw
leaf, grief
Chse ne f the pems and write a shrt essay abut it. The fllwing example may help yu.
The pem Dream by Langstn Hughes is very shrt with nly 8 lines. When I read the pem alud I can hear that the ends f the secnd and furth sentences rhyme — “die” and “fly”. The last wrd frm the sixth and eighth sentences als rhyme— “g” and “snw”. These rhyming wrds sund nice and make the pem pleasing t read.
When I clse my eyes, I can see different images frm the pem. Fr example, I can see tw hands being held【1】. I can see a bird flying in the sky【2】. I can see a field and I can imagine what it lks like with lts f snw. I start t feel cld when I read these lines!
【1】畫線部分為＂感官動詞＋賓語＋賓補＂結構，being held為過去分詞的進行式作賓補，表示正在進行的被動動作。【2】畫線部分為＂感官動詞＋賓語＋賓補＂結構，現(xiàn)在分詞短語在此作賓補，表示正在進行的主動動作。
I learnt a new phrase, “hld fast”, which means t hld nt smething. “Barren” is als a new wrd t me, which means empty.I think the pet is giving us advice. He wants us t keep dreaming, because life is much better when we dream and have smething t lk frward t.
Hw t write a shrt essay abut a pem?
寫法一一篇較完整的詩歌賞析類文章包含如下內(nèi)容：
4. 作品的藝術手法分析（通常結合在作品意向分析之中）
5. 作品藝術特點的綜合評價（常帶有總結的意味）
寫法二 采用這種寫法時，作者只需要抓住其中一個方面，如意境、語言表達、某一手法等。對于其他方面則可不提及，因而采用這種寫法的文章篇幅一般較短小。
Here is a pem titled ... is ppular with Chinese readers.This pem is abut nature and life.It is written with special writing skills.It rhymes at the end f each line.The language f the pem is descriptive and vivid.
Whenever we read this pem, sme characters appear clearly.Only by reading it repeatedly can we grasp the spirit f this pem.Cnsidered as ne f the greatest pets f the Tang Dynasty,… will undubtedly live in peple’s heart frever.In my pinin, the yung generatin tday shuld understand and learnt frm the pem.
Write yur wn pem by fllwing these steps.
Start with the theme first. Ask yurself, “What message d I want t give t the reader? What is imprtant t me?”Next, think abut the wrds and phrases yu wuld like t use. Make a list f wrds related t yur theme.Then check hw well yur details paint a picture in yur need. Nw write the pem. Read it alud and listen t hw it sunds.Finally, give it a title. Nw yur pem is ready!
??????? 詩歌是高度概括、反映社會生活的文學體裁，也是最富有激情和感情色彩的體裁。詩歌往往用高度凝練的語言來表達詩人的喜怒哀樂，詩人把自己對生活和客觀世界的理解和感悟融入詩中。詩歌可以以其特有的節(jié)奏與方式影響人們的精神世界，飽含著作者豐富的思想感情。
1.?目的明確。人們寫詩歌出于各種各樣的目的，有的是為了講述一個故事，有的是為了表達感情，有的是為了描述事物等等。2.?內(nèi)容充實。詩歌要言之有物，傳達出作者對外在世界的獨特感受，所表現(xiàn)的題材要有深刻豐富的內(nèi)心體驗。
3.?形式適當。在寫詩歌時要注意選擇一種既能實現(xiàn)寫作目的又能駕馭的形式。
五行詩。第一行：一個名詞（主題）；第二行：兩個形容詞（描寫主題）；第三行：三個動詞-ing形式（與主題相關的動作）；第四行：四個詞（作者感受）；第五行：一個詞（回歸主題）。KittyNaughty, sleepyChasing, tearing, lickingDay in, night utMew
清單詩。可長可短，可以重復一些短語，形成固定句型和詩的節(jié)奏。可以有韻腳，也可以沒有。What mves meIt mves me my family arund the table have hliday feasts.When my father mends my bicycle with il-cvered hands.When my mther waits a lng time fr me at the schl gate.When my grandpa hlds Grandma’s hands while crssing the street.When my sister sings a sweet lullaby (搖籃曲) t her baby.When my pet cat licks her kittens sftly.
4.?語言得當。詩歌的語言不同于我們的日常用語，也不同于一般的小說和散文的語言。詩人只有對實用語言加以“破壞、改造”，如英國著名詩人艾略特所說的那樣“扭斷語法的脖子”，才能使之成為詩歌的語言。
5.?有節(jié)奏感。在語言的外觀上，詩歌通常是以分行排列的方式呈現(xiàn)，且要有和諧的音韻，鮮明的節(jié)奏。詩歌的押韻是指通過重復元音或輔音以達到一定的音韻效果，一首詩歌的押韻具有一定的規(guī)律，尤其是在詩句的末尾，即尾韻。
Spring, the sweet Spring, is the year’s pleasant king;Then blms each thing, then maids dance in a ring,Cld dth nt sting, the pretty birds d sing,Cuck, jug-jug, pu-we, t-witta-w!(Spring by Thmas Nash)
Nw write yur pem.
There nce was a by wh thught,He culd eat all the sweets he had bught.He gbbled them dwn,Then started t frwn,‘Cause he’d eaten mre than he ught.
Take turns t read alud yur pems and then have a discussin n what yu think they mean. Give yur persnal pinin r advice based n what yu have learnt frm this unit.
Read alud yur pem t the class r put it up in the classrm.
Revise yur pem with the help f yur grup members r what yu have learnt frm this unit.Share yur pem with the class and put it up in the classrm.

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高中英語人教版 (2019)選擇性必修 第三冊電子課本

Unit 5 Poems

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