
新高考寫作部分分為常規(guī)作文(應(yīng)用文寫作,滿分 15 分)和
非常規(guī)作文(讀后續(xù)寫,滿分 25 分)。
讀后續(xù)寫題型提供一篇 350 詞左右的語言材料,要求考生依據(jù)該材料內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫一篇與給定材料有邏輯銜接、情節(jié)和結(jié)構(gòu)完整的短文,詞數(shù)為 150個 左右。其所提供的語言材料的體裁以記敘文和夾敘夾議文為主。文章題材多樣,多為情節(jié)豐富的小故事,趣味性和邏輯性較強(qiáng)。該試題具有一定的開放性,要求考生詳細(xì)、生動地展現(xiàn)情景、態(tài)度和情感。
讀后續(xù)寫是新高考寫作部分的重點(diǎn)題型之一。在 2020 年新高考Ⅰ卷的寫作題中,第二部分考查的即是讀后續(xù)寫。材料是故事情節(jié)緊湊的記敘文,并給出了續(xù)寫的兩個段落的首句。2020年 7 月的浙江卷也考查了讀后續(xù)寫。不同的是,新高考Ⅰ卷的讀后續(xù)寫并不會對“關(guān)鍵詞語”有所要求。具體可見后面的例題解讀。
三、評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(一)評分原則
1.本題總分為 25 分,按 5 個檔次給分。
2.評分時,先根據(jù)所續(xù)寫短文的內(nèi)容和語言初步確定其所屬檔次,然后以該檔次的要求來衡量、確定或調(diào)整檔次,最后給分。
3.詞數(shù)少于 130 的,從總分中減去 2 分。
4.評分時,應(yīng)主要從以下四個方面考慮:(1)與所給短文及段落開頭語的銜接程度;(2)內(nèi)容的豐富性;
(3)所使用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性;(4)上下文的連貫性。
5.拼寫與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號是語言準(zhǔn)確性的一個重要方面。評分時,
應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。
6.如書寫較差以致影響交際,可將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個檔次。
(二)各檔次的給分范圍和要求
讀后續(xù)寫除了要求學(xué)生掌握豐富的詞匯和句式外,還注重考查學(xué)生對于內(nèi)容構(gòu)思和情節(jié)銜接的能力。主要聚焦在以下四個方面:
一是把握短文關(guān)鍵信息和語言特點(diǎn)的能力。
學(xué)生需要了解給定短文的主要內(nèi)容,清楚其關(guān)鍵詞和語言
結(jié)構(gòu)的使用情況,并通過續(xù)寫短文表現(xiàn)出來。
二是語言運(yùn)用的準(zhǔn)確性和豐富性。
在詞匯和語言結(jié)構(gòu)的使用方面準(zhǔn)確、恰當(dāng),能夠根據(jù)內(nèi)容
需要使用較為高級的詞匯和語言結(jié)構(gòu)。
三是對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的把控能力。
考查對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的掌握情況,續(xù)寫的短文應(yīng)語句連
續(xù)寫的短文要具有較豐富的內(nèi)容,包含詳細(xì)和生動的情景、
第一步:仔細(xì)審題,明確續(xù)寫要求
明確閱讀文本的文體和題材,清楚續(xù)寫的具體要求,如字
數(shù)限制、續(xù)寫段落的首句提示語。第二步:精讀文章,確定文章線索
精讀文章,明確故事人物關(guān)系,理清故事主要事件,并找到該篇短文的寫作線索。例如:什么人(wh)什么時間(when)在什么地方(where)因?yàn)槭裁?why)做了什么事情(what),最后有了什么發(fā)展(hw)。這樣有利于考生“順藤摸瓜(結(jié)尾)”。
第三步:回扣原文,揣摩續(xù)寫思路
快速回讀短文,抓住文章思路,分析并發(fā)展短文的情景,結(jié)合續(xù)寫段段首的開頭語展開合理想象,最終確定續(xù)寫段落的思路。
第四步:結(jié)合情景,添加具體細(xì)節(jié)
考生要特別注意描寫的豐富性??赏ㄟ^對人物動作、語言、心理活動、表情和環(huán)境等細(xì)節(jié)的描寫來豐富內(nèi)容,增強(qiáng)敘述的畫面感。
第五步:擬寫草稿,修改錯詞病句
擬寫時,注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性、語言的豐富性,并通過正確使用句與句之間的連接詞,使上下文連貫。這一步是得分的關(guān)鍵,必須重視。
和以往的高考英語命題作文不同,讀后續(xù)寫要求考生首先要讀懂已有信息,不僅要讀懂字面含義,還要理清文章的脈絡(luò)和關(guān)系。續(xù)寫短文時,考生需要明白故事的發(fā)展進(jìn)程、前因后果、地理位置變化、人物情感等。在此基礎(chǔ)上,考生順著文章的思路,根據(jù)線索,發(fā)揮想象,對其后的情節(jié)進(jìn)行合理預(yù)測,并用英語表達(dá)出來。需注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1.讀后續(xù)寫不是隨心所欲地寫,而是要在所給段落開頭語和短文內(nèi)容的提示下完成續(xù)寫部分。所給出的段落開頭語與傳統(tǒng)寫作中的開頭語類似,在某種程度上引導(dǎo)寫作思路的發(fā)展,續(xù)寫部分不能脫離各自的段落開頭語,應(yīng)在其基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行拓展發(fā)揮。
2.續(xù)寫所給語言材料多是故事類記敘文,情節(jié)曲折跌宕,線索性和邏輯性較強(qiáng)。考生要抓住故事的敘事線索,依據(jù)原文的寫作思路續(xù)寫文章,并適當(dāng)發(fā)散思維。
3.讀后續(xù)寫要求讀寫并重。與閱讀理解題一樣,讀后續(xù)寫同樣需要對本篇文章精確理解,這樣所續(xù)寫部分才不至于偏離主題。
4.續(xù)寫部分的思路和內(nèi)容并不是唯一的,考生可以根據(jù)自己對上文材料的理解,對文章的結(jié)尾做出不同的詮釋。
5.關(guān)注續(xù)寫內(nèi)容有無把握主題。
(1)事件的走向及最終結(jié)局有無偏離原文的寫作意圖、主題
意蘊(yùn)、思想情感或人生哲理?
(2)事件的發(fā)展有無凸顯主題,體現(xiàn)正確的價值導(dǎo)向,展現(xiàn)
對真、善、美的思考與追求?
6.關(guān)注續(xù)寫內(nèi)容有無符合邏輯。
(1)續(xù)寫第一段是否與上下文形成邏輯聯(lián)結(jié)?與最后一段
(2)續(xù)寫第二段作為文本結(jié)尾有沒有與開頭形成呼應(yīng)?有
沒有體現(xiàn)主題思想與價值追求?
1.詞數(shù)不夠,情節(jié)過于簡單,描寫不詳細(xì)豐富,人物對話
2.續(xù)寫內(nèi)容與文章主旨不符合,故事情節(jié)與上文不連貫,沒有充分考慮到所給的段落提示句對故事發(fā)展的提示、銜接、引導(dǎo)和一定程度地限制作用。有的甚至瞎編亂造,不顧及上文各情節(jié)之間的邏輯關(guān)系。
3.語言基本功欠缺,語法結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤較多,詞匯貧乏,人稱
4.表達(dá)內(nèi)容不豐富,語言能力不強(qiáng),缺乏可讀性。
(2020 年新高考Ⅰ卷·讀后續(xù)寫)
閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。The Meredith family lived in a small cmmunity.As theecnmy was in decline, sme peple in the twn had lst theirjbs.Many f their families were struggling t make ends meet.Peple were trying t help each ther meet the challenges.Mrs.Meredith was a mst kind and thughtful wman.Shespent a great deal f time visiting the pr.She knew they had
prblems, and they needed all kinds f help.When she had time,
she wuld bring fd and medicine t them.
One mrning she tld her children abut a family she had
visited the day befre.There was a man sick in bed, his wife, wh
tk care f him and culd nt g ut t wrk, and their little by.
The little by-h(huán)is name was Bernard-h(huán)ad interested her very
“I wish yu culd see him,” she said t her wn children,Jhn, Harry, and Clara.“He is such a help t his mther.He wantsvery much t earn sme mney, but I dn't see what he can d.”
After their mther left the rm, the children sat thinking
abut Bernard.“I wish we culd help him t earn mney ,” said
Clara.“His family is suffering s much.”
“S d I,” said Harry.“We really shuld d smething t
assist them.”
Fr sme mments, Jhn said nthing, but, suddenly, he
sprang t his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a slutinthat we can all help accmplish (完成).”
The ther children als jumped up all attentin.When Jhn
had an idea, it was sure t be a gd ne. “I tell yu what we cand,”said Jhn.“Yu knw that big bx f crn Uncle Jhn sent us?Well, we can make ppcrn ( 爆米花), and put it int paper bags,and Bernard can take it arund t the huses and sell it.”
注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 左右。
Paragraph 1:
When Mrs.Meredith heard f Jhn's idea, she thught it was a
gd ne, t.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new
business.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
本文是一篇記敘文。善良的 Meredith 一家住在一個小社區(qū)里,他們想幫助一個貧困的家庭。后來,Meredith 的孩子想出了好主意。
根據(jù)第一段首句,可以針對如何實(shí)現(xiàn)制作爆米花這個提議展開構(gòu)思;根據(jù)第二段首句,可以針對 Bernard 如何通過賣爆米花讓家庭擺脫困境展開構(gòu)思。
【參考范文】Paragraph 1:
gd ne, t.S, they went t the lcal supermarket tgether.Theybught sme special bags and tls fr ppcrn.When they gthme, they made a lt f ppcrn and put it in the specialbags.With the ppcrn, they went t Bernard's hme.They tldBernard hw t sell the ppcrn.Bernard and his parents were verygrateful.And the Meredith family als felt very happy t help thisfamily.
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new
business.He tk the ppcrn arund t the huses and sld all his
ppcrn.He earned a lt f mney.Then, he wanted t be self -
dependent.Therefre, he asked Mrs.Meredith t teach him hw tmake ppcrn.After that, nt nly did he sell ppcrn, but he alsadded cream and salt t the ppcrn t make it taste better.Bernard
grew up t be a remarkable man.He did nt frget the help fMeredith's family, and he als did what he culd t help thse inneed.
(2020 年7 月浙江卷·讀后續(xù)寫)
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫,使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。One fall,my wife Elli and I had a single gal:t phtgraphplar bears.We were staying at a research camp utside “the plarbear capital f the wrld”—the twn f Churchill in Manitba,Canada.Taking pictures f plar bears is amazing but als dangerus.Plar bears—like all wild animals—shuld be phtgraphed frm a
safe distance.When I'm face t face with a plar bear,I like it t bethrugh a camera with a telepht lens.But smetimes , that is
easier said than dne.This was ne f thse times.
As Elli and I cked dinner,a yung male plar bear wh wasplaying in a nearby lake sniffed,and smelled ur garlic bread.The hungry bear fllwed his nse t ur camp ,which was
surrunded by a high wire fence.He pulled and bit the wire.He
std n his back legs and pushed at the wden fence psts.
Terrified , Elli and I tried all the bear defense actins weknew.We yelled at the bear,hit pts hard,and fired blank shtgun
shells int the air.Smetimes lud nises like these will scare bears
ff.Nt this plar bear thugh—he just kept trying t tear dwn the
fence with his massive paws (爪子).
I radied the camp manager fr help.He tld me a helicpter
was n its way,but it wuld be 30 minutes befre it arrived.Makingthe best f this clse encunter (相遇),I tk sme pictures f the
Elli and I feared the fence wuldn't last thrugh 30 mreminutes f the bear's punishment.The camp manager suggested I
use pepper spray.The spray burns the bears' eyes ,but desn't hurtthem.S I apprached ur uninvited guest slwly and,thrugh thefence,sprayed him in the face.With an angry rar (吼叫),the bear
ran t the lake t wash his eyes.
1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 左右;
2.至少使用 5 個短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語;3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段,每段的開頭語已為你寫好;4.續(xù)寫完成后,請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。
A few minutes later, the bear headed back t ur camp.______
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At that very mment, the helicpter arrived.______________
本文是一篇記敘文?!拔摇焙推拮?Elli 想拍北極熊,于是來到了加拿大的一個戶外研究營地。結(jié)果,一只雄性北極熊靠近了我們。
根據(jù)第一段首句可知,第一段的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該圍繞“我”和妻子等待救援期間,如何與北極熊周旋展開。根據(jù)第二段句首可知,這一段應(yīng)該圍繞直升機(jī)對夫婦二人的營救展開,并最終將二人成功解救。
A few minutes later, the bear headed back t ur camp.
Irritated by the spray, the bear greeted us with a hwl f rage.Ferciusly, he vented his anger upn the pr fence with all hisstrength and strke terrr int ur hearts.Desperate Elli and Idecided t treat him t the garlic bread.We carefully threw a small
piece at a time, hping t slw dwn his attack.Suddenly, the bearhad trn a narrw pening in the fence which wuld cllapse snand witness the bear tear us int pieces.
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