
Teaching Objectives
1.Enable the Ss t master the usage f the Present Perfect Cntinuus tense2.Enable the Ss t use the relevant grammar flexibly and authentically in the real situatin
單元語法自我探究
What is the tense f the sentence belw?This is the adventure that I have been dreaming f.Find mre examples cntaining this tense:1.We are nw camped n the ice and we have been managing t survive, but spring is cming, and the ice will sn begin t melt.2. We have been struggling fr days, but things n Elephant Island are ging frm bad t wrse.Questin: what is the functin f the present perfect cntinuus tense?1.t talk abut actin that started in the past and stpped recently. There is usually a result talk abut actin that started in the past and is cntinuing nw. This is ften used with fr r since.
key: the present perfect cntinuus tense.
1 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)概述現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀況一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能仍在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行或剛剛結(jié)束?,F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“have/has + been + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成??隙ň洌褐髡Z + have/has + been + 現(xiàn)在分詞... 否定句:主語 + have/has + nt + been + 現(xiàn)在分詞... 疑問句:Have/Has + 主語 + been + 現(xiàn)在分詞 疑問代詞/ 疑問副詞 + have/has +(主語 +)been + 現(xiàn)在分詞 I’ve been trying t find ut her telephne number. 我一直在查問她的電話號(hào)碼。They have been widening the rad. 他們?cè)谕貙掃@條路。
單句語法填空(1)My eyes ache. I (stay) in frnt f the cmputer all the afternn. (2)He ?。╠) this in rder t repay the by’s kindness. (3)I (learn) English since three years ag. (4)Yu knw,I (lk) fr a jb fr three mnths,and this is my first frmal interview.
have been staying
has been ding
have been learning
have been lking
2. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1)表示過去發(fā)生并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作Hw lng have yu been learning English? 你學(xué)習(xí)英語多久了? She has been burning the midnight il t prepare fr GRE recently. 她最近在熬夜準(zhǔn)備研究生入學(xué)資格考試。Tm has been playing the nline games fr mre than twenty hurs. 湯姆玩網(wǎng)游已經(jīng)超過二十個(gè)小時(shí)了。His brther has been writing this nvel since last year. 他哥哥從去年起就一直在寫這本小說。2)表示到目前為止的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)重復(fù)進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)I have been telling yu nt t make truble. 我一直勸你不要找麻煩。The ld man has been repairing cars fr thirty years. 這個(gè)老人修汽車修了三十年了。Jack has been practising Tai Chi fr mre than a year. 杰克練太極一年多了。
(3)表示根據(jù)直接或間接的證據(jù)而得出結(jié)論His eyes are red. He has been wrking t hard recently. 他的眼睛紅了,準(zhǔn)是他最近工作太辛苦了?!狪 have gt a headache. 我頭痛?!?N wnder. Yu have been wrking in frnt f that cmputer t lng. 不足為奇。你在那臺(tái)電腦前工作太久了。—I’m sure Andrew will win first prize in the final. 我相信安德魯在決賽中會(huì)得第一名。—I think s. He has been preparing fr it fr mnths. 我也是這樣認(rèn)為的。他為此準(zhǔn)備好幾個(gè)月了。(4)表達(dá)某種感情色彩:現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)帶有強(qiáng)烈的表揚(yáng)或厭惡等感情色彩。We’ve been lking frward t ur summer vacatin. 我們一直盼望著暑假。T much has been happening tday. 今天真是一個(gè)多事的日子。
學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥以下幾類動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí): ① 表示感官、感覺:see,hear,smell 等; ② 表示愛憎:lve,prefer,mind 等; ③ 表示希望、意愿:wish,want,desire 等; ④ 表示相信、猜想:believe,think,suppse 等; ⑤ 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
3 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別( 1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)完成和影響,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)未完成和 動(dòng)作。I’ve been ding my hmewrk. 我一直在做家庭作業(yè)。(還在做) I’ve finished my hmewrk. 我已做完家庭作業(yè)了。(已完成) (2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)經(jīng)常表單個(gè)事件,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可表重復(fù)事件。Julia has gne t the library. 朱莉婭去圖書館了。(單個(gè)事件) Julia has been ging t the library fr a year. 朱莉婭在一年間經(jīng)常去圖書館。(重復(fù)事件) (3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常只陳述事實(shí),而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)含感情色彩。What have yu dne? 你做什么了?(僅是問問) Where have yu been? I have been waiting fr yu in the rain fr tw hurs. 你去哪里了?我在雨中等了你兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(表示不滿)
( 4)表重復(fù)時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)成果,講次數(shù);現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù),不講次數(shù)。I have sent thirty e-mails this mrning. 我今天上午發(fā)了三十封電子郵件。I have been sending e-mails this mrning. 我今天上午一直在發(fā)電子郵件。( 5)不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞通常也不用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),但它們可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。The war has lasted fr a lng time. 這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭持續(xù)了很長時(shí)間。( 6)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。若要用,可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)代替。The huse has been painted fr a mnth. 房子已經(jīng)粉刷了一個(gè)月了。
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