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2021年全國(guó)高考乙卷英語試題
注意事項(xiàng)：
1、答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7. 5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡ 9.18. C. ￡ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What is the man doing?
A. Asking the way.
B. Giving directions.
C. Correcting a mistake.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, I got lost. I took a bus to city hall, but I can't find the place.
W: This is the concert hall, not city hall. To go there, you should take the bus at Grand Hotel over there.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What dress size does the woman want?
A. 8. B. 10. C. 12.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Can I help you?
W: I'm looking for a size twelve dress.
M: Oh, let me see. An eight, a ten. Ah, you're lucky. I have the prettiest dress here in a twelve. Why don't you try it on?
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
What is the woman likely to do?
A. Make a phone call. B. Handle the problem. C. Have a rest.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you think you can take care of everything in the office today?
M: No problem. Just go home and take a rest. If there is anything I feel I cannot handle, I'll call you.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
Which tour does the man seem to be interested in?
A. The evening tour. B. The half-day tour. C. The full-day tour.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: We have a half-day tour, a full-day tour and an evening tour. Which one would you like?
M: What is the schedule of the half-day tour?
W: It sets out at 8: 30 a. m. and returns at 2:00 p. m.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. At a canteen. B. At a clinic. C. At a bank.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Now, what seems to be the trouble, Mrs. Stevens?
W: I've been very dizzy lately. And last night, I had some chest pain.
M: Don't worry. Let me have a look.
第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

6. What does the woman think of the match?
A. Entertaining. B. Discouraging. C. Boring.
7. What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?
A. Watch a game. B. Play tennis. C. Go to the cinema.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Wow. That was a great match. I really like watching tennis games.
M: Me too. I think tennis is an exciting sport.
W: I think so. Do you play tennis, John?
M: Yes, but not very well. Do you play?
W: A little. How about a game on Tuesday afternoon?
M: Sure.
聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

8. What does the man advise Mrs. White to do?
A. Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Get enough sleep.
9. Which can be included in Mrs. White's breakfast?
A. Eggs. B. Sausages. C. Porridge.
10. What is the man?
A. A teacher. B. A physician. C. A chef.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Mrs. White, I'm afraid we have to put you on a strict diet. From now on, you're going to have to stay away from salty food.
W: Does that mean I can't have any more fast food?
M: Right. You can't have any fried food or steaks.
W: What about breakfast food like eggs and sausages?
M: Those are all bad for you. But you can have porridge, bread and orange juice.
W: Well, what about lunch and dinner?
M: Have a salad for lunch. As for dinner, you can have all the vegetables you want. Fish and chicken are also okay.
W: What about dessert? Can I still have ice cream?
M: Yes, but not too much.
聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

11. How does Nancy look to Daniel?
A. Confused. B. Excited. C. Anxious.
12. Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play?
A. To comfort Nancy. B. To express his regret. C. To show his pride.
13. What is Nancy going to do next week?
A. Take a school test. B. Have a check-up. C. Go in for a competition.
14. What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy?
A. Rewrite her lines. B. Drive her to the theatre. C. Help her with the practice.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi Nancy! You look worried. What's wrong?
W: Well Daniel, have you ever felt nervous on stage?
M: Sure. Do you remember that play I was in a few years ago? I knew my lines, but I was terrified to have to recite them in front of an audience. As soon as I saw the crowd of people down there, my heart beat so fast that I was unable to say a single word.
W: That's how I feel just thinking about the spelling competition next week.
M: I didn't know you made it to the finals.
W: I'm worried I'll get nervous and freeze on stage. I might forget how to spell everything, even my own name. I don't know what to do.
M: Nancy, I know that you' re not going to forget how to spell your name. I'll help you get through this. I'll go to the school hall with you to practice. Then I'll teach you an exercise my baseball coach taught me. Believe me. It works.
W: I feel much better now. Thanks, Daniel.
聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

15. What was Prof. Stone's grandfather afraid of?
A. Leaving his home.
B. Parting from his son.
C. Taking early retirement.
16. What does old age mean to many elderly Americans?
A. Lack of moral support. B. Loss of self-worth. C. Change of living habits.
17. What will Prof. Stone talk about next concerning elderly people?
A. Public services they ask for.
B. Health care available to them.
C. Contributions they can make.
【答案】15. A 16. B 17. C
【解析】
原文】W: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Today, we have invited Prof. Stone to talk about the role of elderly people in our society. Welcome to our show, Prof. Stone.
M: To begin with, I'd like to tell a story from my own life. Several years ago, when my grandparents were well into their 80s, they were no longer able to care for themselves very well. My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. The idea of having to sell their home and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. Indeed, old age for them, and many old Americans can mean not only the possible failure of one's health, but the loss of identity and self-worth.
W: Yes, it's true. What do you have to say about the problem of old age?
M: Many experts have given talks here that have focused on the medical care, and the development of public services for senior citizens. Today, I'd like to focus my comments on the meaningful roles that elderly can play and should play in our society.
聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

18. What does the speaker's mother want her to be?
A. A confident person. B. A warm-hearted person. C. A humorous person.
19. Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood?
A. She often traveled by herself.
B. Her family moved frequently.
C. Her mother was busy working.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Importance of home schooling.
B. Mother-daughter relationship.
C. A role model in her family.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Talking about personal relationships. Well, I'd naturally think of my relationship with my mother. Whenever I need help, my mother is always there for me. She often tells me that I can be anyone I want, as long as I'm confident of myself. She sees my talent and pushes me to do the best I possibly can. As I was growing up, we were often on the move. I had to admit that moving so often made me feel lonely. But my mother did everything she could to help me feel happy. In fact, so much traveling was really a good thing because it made us close. I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child, but as an equal. She gives me the freedom to make mistakes and to learn from them all. Unlike friendships that can fade or break, I know I'll always be connected to my mother no matter what I face. She is not just a role model, but someone I love.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A.D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functional , still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang D.P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
·Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,1922.
·Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
A. 104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000.
22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?
A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field.
23. What do the listed stadiums have in common?
A. They host big games. B. They have become tourist attractions.
C. They were built by Americans. D. They are favored by architects.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界上著名的大型競(jìng)技場(chǎng)的基本情況。目前這些競(jìng)技場(chǎng)仍在運(yùn)行并且還在承辦大型體育賽事。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.” (然而，與這座城市容納了25萬人的大競(jìng)技場(chǎng)相比，這只是小巫見大巫。)可知，Circus Maximus的可以容納250,000人。故選D項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后部分中的“Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened October 7, 1922.” (美國(guó)俄亥俄州哥倫布市俄亥俄體育場(chǎng)，容納人數(shù)：104,944人。1922年10月7日開業(yè)。)及其他四個(gè)著名競(jìng)技場(chǎng)的開放時(shí)間介紹可知，Ohio Stadium開放時(shí)間最早在1922年，屬于年代最久遠(yuǎn)的。故選C項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.” (所有這些體育場(chǎng)館仍在使用，仍在開放，仍在舉辦世界上最大的體育賽事。)可知，這些體育館都還在承辦大型的體育賽事。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座機(jī)）?
These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones according to a survey （調(diào)查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor（因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?
24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?
A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity.
C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design.
25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit. B. Argue.
C. Remember. D. Remark.
26. What can we say about Baby Boomers?
A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.
C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family.
27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?
A. It remains a family necessity.
B. It will fall out of use some day.
C. It may increase daily expenses.
D. It is as important as the gas light.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞使用固定電話的情況，并且表達(dá)了固定電話是非必需品的觀點(diǎn)。
【24題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime. (現(xiàn)在你很難在澳大利亞找到15歲以上的沒有手機(jī)的人。事實(shí)上，很多年幼的孩子口袋里都有手機(jī)。幾乎每個(gè)人都可以隨時(shí)隨地?fù)艽蚝徒勇犽娫?”可推知，本段主要說明手機(jī)在澳大利亞廣受歡迎。故選B項(xiàng)。
【25題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞的上文“Of those Australians who still have a landline (在那些仍然有固定電話的澳大利亞人中)”可知，這個(gè)調(diào)查的目標(biāo)人群是仍然有固定電話的澳大利亞人；根據(jù)下文“it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies (固定電話并不是必須的，他們將其作為一種安全保障——19%的人表示他們從未使用過固定電話，另有13%的人保留固定電話以防緊急情況)”可知，很多人認(rèn)為固定電話并不是必須擁有的，有些人保留固定電話只是為了防止緊急情況。從而推知，在調(diào)查中，他們應(yīng)該是承認(rèn)了固定電話的非必要性。由此推知，劃線單詞“concede”意為“承認(rèn)”。故選A項(xiàng)。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.(嬰兒潮時(shí)代中有84%的人可能已經(jīng)有50年相同的家庭號(hào)碼了)”以及文章第五段“That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents (也就是說，老實(shí)說，唯一打過我們家電話的人是嬰兒潮一代的父母)”可推知，嬰兒潮時(shí)代的人一直用固定電話。故選C項(xiàng)。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries? (你有多喜歡你的座機(jī)？它們還要多久才能走上煤氣路燈和早晨送牛奶的道路？)”可推知，本段使用類比的方式，使用煤氣路燈以及早晨送牛奶已經(jīng)被淘汰的例子，側(cè)面說明了固定電話總有一天會(huì)廢棄的。故選B項(xiàng)。
C
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（來源）of plastic pollution but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（說明） a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（傾倒） from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
28. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?
A. Beautifying the city he lives in. B. Introducing eco-friendly products.
C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?
A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B. To explain why they are useful.
C. To voice his views on modern art.
D. To find a substitute for them.
30. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?
A. Calming. B. Disturbing.
C. Refreshing. D. Challenging.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety
B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了藝術(shù)家Benjamin Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作了一個(gè)巨大的雕塑作品，讓人們通過這個(gè)雕塑重新審視自己與一次性塑料制品的關(guān)系。此外他在2018的一件作品“Truckload of Plastic”說明了每60秒，就有一卡車塑料進(jìn)入海洋。Von Wong通過用塑料垃圾制造巨型雕塑來喚醒和提高人們的環(huán)保意識(shí)。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.(但一根塑料吸管或一個(gè)塑料杯真的有什么區(qū)別嗎？藝術(shù)家本杰明·馮·王（Benjamin Von Wong）想讓你知道，它確實(shí)如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視他們與一次性塑料產(chǎn)品的關(guān)系。)”可知，Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作的雕塑想讓人們重新審視與一次性塑料制品的關(guān)系，由此可知他做這個(gè)雕塑的目的是為了引起公眾對(duì)塑料垃圾的關(guān)注。故選C項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(來源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.(全球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管絕不是最大的塑料污染源，但它們最近卻受到了抨擊，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人不需要吸管喝飲料，而且由于它們體積小、重量輕，無法回收利用。馮·王作品中的每一根吸管都很可能來自只喝了幾分鐘的飲料。一旦飲料消失了，吸管也要幾個(gè)世紀(jì)才能消失。)”可知，吸管由于體積小，重量輕，無法回收利用，由此可推知，作者在第三段討論吸管是為了展示它們回收的困難。故選A項(xiàng)。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“In a piece form 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate(說明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped(傾倒) from a truck all at once.(在2018年的一個(gè)作品中，馮·王(Von Wong)想要說明一個(gè)具體的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字：每60秒，就有一卡車塑料進(jìn)入海洋。這項(xiàng)名為“一卡車塑料”的作品，馮·王和一組志愿者收集了一萬多塊塑料，然后把它們綁在一起，讓它們看起來像是同時(shí)從卡車上傾倒下來的。)”可知，這個(gè)作品以創(chuàng)新的方式讓人們了解到塑料垃圾以很快的速度和很大的量?jī)A入海洋，刷新了觀眾對(duì)海洋塑料污染的認(rèn)知，由此可推斷，這個(gè)作品會(huì)讓觀眾對(duì)塑料垃圾進(jìn)入海洋這件事“耳目一新”。故選C項(xiàng)。
【31題詳解】
標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.(但一根塑料吸管或一個(gè)塑料杯真的有什么區(qū)別嗎？藝術(shù)家本杰明·馮·王(Benjamin Von Wong)想讓你知道，它確實(shí)如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視他們與一次性塑料產(chǎn)品的關(guān)系。)”和倒數(shù)第二段“In a piece form 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate(說明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped(傾倒) from a truck all at once.(在2018年的一個(gè)作品中，馮·王(Von Wong)想要說明一個(gè)具體的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字：每60秒，就有一卡車塑料進(jìn)入海洋。這項(xiàng)名為“一卡車塑料”的作品，馮·王和一組志愿者收集了一萬多塊塑料，然后把它們綁在一起，讓它們看起來像是同時(shí)從卡車上傾倒下來的。)”可知藝術(shù)家本杰明·馮·王(Benjamin Von Wong)通過利用塑料垃圾制作巨型雕塑的方法來提示人們重新思考與一次性塑料的關(guān)系，喚醒和提高人們循環(huán)利用的意識(shí)，促進(jìn)環(huán)保的發(fā)展。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“海洋塑料變成雕塑”符合文章主旨，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。
D
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction（干擾）in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus”. His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）. But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels（分貝）, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
32 Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?
A. It helps him concentrate. B. It blocks out background noise.
C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.
33. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?
A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels C. 70 decibels. D. 8 5 decibels.
34. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?
A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space.
C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions.
35. What can we infer about the author from the text?
A. He’s a news reporter.
B. He’s an office manager.
C. He’s a professional designer.
D. He’s a published writer.
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。作者通過自身經(jīng)歷講述人們?yōu)槭裁床幌矚g開放性辦公室以及有關(guān)多少分貝的噪音最有利于人們的創(chuàng)造性思維的研究。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street - so I can focus.（這就是為什么我在街對(duì)面的公用辦公空間有會(huì)員資格——這樣我就可以集中精力了。）”可知，采訪者喜歡共享辦公空間的原因是那里可以幫助他集中精力。故選A項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group - those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop - significantly outperformed the other groups.（大多數(shù)組之間的差異在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上是不顯著的；然而，音量為70分貝的那組參與者（置身于類似于咖啡店背景噪音的環(huán)境中）的表現(xiàn)明顯好于其他組。）”和第三段“But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise - not too loud and not total silence - may actually improve one's creative thinking ability.（但由于70分貝的結(jié)果很顯著，該研究還表明，適當(dāng)?shù)谋尘霸胍簟灰舐?，也不要完全安靜——實(shí)際上可能會(huì)提高一個(gè)人的創(chuàng)造性思維能力。）”可知，70分貝的那組參與者表現(xiàn)好于其他組，所以70分貝的噪音背景環(huán)境更有可能促進(jìn)創(chuàng)造性思維能力。故選C項(xiàng)。
34題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.（那么，為什么我們中有那么多人討厭開放式辦公室呢？問題可能是，在我們的辦公室里，當(dāng)我們?cè)噲D集中注意力時(shí)，我們無法阻止自己卷入別人的談話中。的確，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，面對(duì)面的互動(dòng)和對(duì)話會(huì)影響創(chuàng)作過程，然而，共同工作空間或咖啡館在提供一定程度的噪音的同時(shí)，也提供不受干擾的自由。）”可知，開放式辦公室不受人們歡迎的原因是讓我們不斷地卷入別人的談話中，受到很多干擾。故選D 項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.（在一次采訪我的一本書時(shí)，我的采訪者說了一些我至今還經(jīng)常想起的話。）”可知，作者提到有人采訪自己的書，所以可以推斷，作者是一位作家。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)（共5小題:每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （講臺(tái)）. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（贊揚(yáng)）. ___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在晚宴上讓自己表現(xiàn)得有趣的一些方法。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣并不難)”可知，下文應(yīng)主要講述如何在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣。下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去嘗試，去冒險(xiǎn)，嘗試不同的食物，和陌生人交談)”可推知，本段主要說明想在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣，就要勇于冒險(xiǎn)，勇于探索。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“The first step is to go exploring(第一步是去探索)”承上啟下，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以帶入“我有這輛破舊的車”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑話的瘋子一起乘坐公共汽車。”它只是打開了對(duì)話)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是提了一個(gè)不太好的問題，只是開始交流，但并不會(huì)給人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“If you ask the question “How did you get here?”(如果你問“你是怎么到這里來的？”這個(gè)問題)”能夠承接下文，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你不能拿走他們的酒，你當(dāng)然應(yīng)該讓他們離開講話的地方。如果你是主人，你可以讓他們到廚房幫你做點(diǎn)什么，只是為了讓他們擺脫那種情景)”可知，此處指出了一個(gè)問題的解決辦法。由此推知，設(shè)空處提到了一個(gè)棘手的問題。F項(xiàng)“What about the person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking(喝太多酒或一直說個(gè)不停的人怎么辦)”正是提出的問題，引出下文的解決辦法，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (講臺(tái)). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你不能拿走他們的酒，你當(dāng)然應(yīng)該讓他們離開講話的地方。如果你是主人，你可以讓他們到廚房幫你做點(diǎn)什么，只是為了讓他們擺脫那種情景)”可知，本段主要是為解決“喝太多酒或一直說個(gè)不停”這個(gè)問題提供方法。由此可知，E項(xiàng)“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把談話變成他們沒什么可說的話題)”是提出的另一個(gè)解決辦法，承接上文，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尷尬的沉默，唯一能讓大家再次交談的方法就是贊美主人)”可知，此處指出贊美主人可以緩解尷尬的沉默，設(shè)空處承上啟下，下文“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(這蛋糕特別好吃，你得告訴我它的一切)”對(duì)主人進(jìn)行了贊美。由此可知，宴會(huì)上出現(xiàn)尷尬的沉默時(shí)，最尷尬的就是主人，所以需要贊美主人來緩解尷尬。G項(xiàng)“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到那種尷尬的人)”承上啟下，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)
第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感謝).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50 A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章通過作者做護(hù)士期間遇到的一個(gè)女病人為例，表達(dá)了我們應(yīng)該對(duì)別人的付出表示真誠的感謝，即使他們只是做了自己分內(nèi)的事。
【41題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周前我在做護(hù)士的時(shí)候就在考慮這個(gè)問題。A. cleaner清潔工；B. chemist化學(xué)家，藥劑師；C. nurse護(hù)士；D. doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)作者是一名護(hù)士。故選C。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我們有一系列表達(dá)不同程度感激之情的詞語，那會(huì)容易得多。A. grades分?jǐn)?shù)，級(jí)別，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根據(jù)上文的“simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者認(rèn)為如果有表達(dá)不同程度感謝的詞，那么感謝就容易得多了。故選A。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我的想法很快就進(jìn)行了測(cè)驗(yàn)。A. brushed aside撇開；B. put to the test經(jīng)受考驗(yàn)，接受……的考驗(yàn)；C. brought under discussion在討論中；D. taken into account考慮。結(jié)合下文講述女病人對(duì)護(hù)士們的所為，可知作者的想法立即接受了測(cè)驗(yàn)。故選B。
【44題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有一個(gè)病人膝蓋置換手術(shù)后正在康復(fù)。A. departing出發(fā)，離開；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢復(fù)。結(jié)合下文提到手術(shù)和病人從床上摔下來可知，病人正在恢復(fù)中。故選D。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天下午，當(dāng)她試圖上床睡覺時(shí)，她因心臟病而摔倒了。A. attempting試圖，嘗試；B. choosing選擇；C. pausing暫停；D. promising承諾。結(jié)合上文提到這是個(gè)膝蓋有傷的病人，可推知她嘗試著自己上床。故選A。
【46題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一天下午，當(dāng)她試圖上床睡覺時(shí)，她因心臟病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C. casually隨意地；D. secretly秘密地。結(jié)合上文病人是因?yàn)橄ドw置換手術(shù)而住院，由此可知，此處是指最終發(fā)現(xiàn)摔倒是因?yàn)樾呐K病。故選A。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這次摔倒是災(zāi)難性的，需要緊急醫(yī)療隊(duì)和良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。A. assessing評(píng)估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving證明。根據(jù)“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要緊急醫(yī)療隊(duì)和良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。故選B。
【48題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然很慢，但她恢復(fù)了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly輕微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly緩慢地；D. happily幸福地。根據(jù)上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要從災(zāi)難性的病痛中恢復(fù)一定很慢。故選C。
【49題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她對(duì)醫(yī)療及護(hù)士團(tuán)隊(duì)為她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful體貼的；C. sorrowful傷心的，悲傷的；D. fearful恐懼的。結(jié)合下文女病人離開前和大家一一道別，推知她對(duì)大家的付出表示感激。故選A。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我們分享了她康復(fù)的喜悅。A. surprise驚喜；B. delight喜悅；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根據(jù)下文的“her recovery”可知，此處是指分享她康復(fù)的喜悅。故選B。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她要離開時(shí)，她急切地想和我們護(hù)理隊(duì)的每一個(gè)人說再見。A. operating手術(shù)；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating猶豫；D. leaving離開。根據(jù)上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此處是指當(dāng)她即將離開醫(yī)院時(shí)。故選D。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她要離開時(shí)，她急切地想和我們護(hù)理隊(duì)的每一個(gè)人說再見。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再見；D. yes同意。根據(jù)上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她對(duì)護(hù)理團(tuán)隊(duì)的人告別，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告別”符合語境。故選C。
【53題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她走到一個(gè)護(hù)士身邊時(shí)，她試圖塞一張五英鎊的鈔票在她手里。A. reached到達(dá)；B. consulted咨詢；C. introduced介紹；D. persuaded說服。結(jié)合上文提到女病人出院時(shí)要和護(hù)士們一一道別可知，此處是指她走到一個(gè)護(hù)士的身邊，用“reach”符合語境。故選A。
【54題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的同事拒絕接受，說我們只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假裝；C. failed失?。籇. refused拒絕。結(jié)合常識(shí)和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒絕收下女士給的錢。故選D。
【55題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的同事拒絕接受，說我們只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing獲得，保護(hù)；D. starting開始。根據(jù)上文提到作者的同事拒絕收下錢可推知，她認(rèn)為照顧病人只是做了自己應(yīng)該做的事情而已。故選B。
【56題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)病人開起來很困惑，然后回復(fù)到：“噢，這不是因?yàn)槲医邮艿恼疹櫋Ｎ艺J(rèn)為它是應(yīng)該的。不，這是昨天給我做頭發(fā)的?！盇. repeated重復(fù)；B. recited背誦；C. replied回答，回應(yīng)；D. reported報(bào)道。結(jié)合上文作者同事說照顧女士是自己的工作，不應(yīng)該得到額外的禮物可知，此處是女病人對(duì)同事說的話的回應(yīng)。故選C。
【57題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)病人開起來很困惑，然后回復(fù)到：“噢，這不是因?yàn)槲医邮艿恼疹?。我認(rèn)為它是應(yīng)該的。不，這是昨天給我做頭發(fā)的?！盇. courage勇氣；B. patience耐心；C. duty職責(zé)；D. care照顧。根據(jù)下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因?yàn)樽o(hù)士的照顧才給的五英鎊。故選D。
【58題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)病人開起來很困惑，然后回復(fù)到：“噢，這不是因?yàn)槲医邮艿恼疹?。我認(rèn)為它是應(yīng)該的。不，這是昨天給我做頭發(fā)的?！盇. goal目標(biāo)；B. given該給的東西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根據(jù)上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人認(rèn)為她得到的照顧是護(hù)士們應(yīng)該給她的（東西）。故選B。
【59題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)許多人來說，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但發(fā)型是額外的，應(yīng)該得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。A. risking冒險(xiǎn)；B. changing改變；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建設(shè)。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，醫(yī)生和護(hù)理團(tuán)隊(duì)拯救了女病人的生命可知，此處指很多人認(rèn)為拯救生命是醫(yī)生和護(hù)士工作的一部分。故選C。
【60題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)許多人來說，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做發(fā)型是額外的事情，應(yīng)該得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。A. honour榮譽(yù)；B. ability能力；C. opening開口處；D. extra額外的東西。根據(jù)下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此處指做發(fā)型是本職工作以外的事情，即額外做的事情，應(yīng)該得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故選D。
第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影響)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(遠(yuǎn)足)and accommodations aim ____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】61. educated
62. development
63. its 64. until
65. the 66. of
67. visiting
68. financial
69. activities
70. to have
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述生態(tài)旅游通常被認(rèn)為是到原始地區(qū)的低影響旅游。但是由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。實(shí)際上，生態(tài)旅游必須滿足一些規(guī)定。
【61題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：這不同于傳統(tǒng)的旅游，因?yàn)樗茏屄眯姓吡私膺@個(gè)地區(qū)——無論是地理環(huán)境還是文化特色，并且經(jīng)常為環(huán)境保護(hù)提供資金，并有利于當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)展。分析句子成分可知，此處查固定搭配become educated about表示“對(duì)……有所了解”。故填educated。
【62題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：這不同于傳統(tǒng)的旅游，因?yàn)樗茏屄眯姓吡私膺@個(gè)地區(qū)——無論是地理環(huán)境還是文化特色，并且經(jīng)常為環(huán)境保護(hù)提供資金，并有利于當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)展。根據(jù)空格前的定冠詞the可知，此處填入名詞development來做動(dòng)詞benefits的賓語。故填development。
【63題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：生態(tài)旅游起源于20世紀(jì)70年代的環(huán)境運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)空格后名詞origin可知，此處形容詞性物主代詞來修飾名詞origin。故填its。
【64題詳解】
考查固定句型。句意：直到20世紀(jì)80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“直到20世紀(jì)80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。
【65題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)填冠詞。再結(jié)合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此處特指與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎，所以應(yīng)填定冠詞the。故填the。
【66題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：由于與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來越受歡迎，各種各樣的旅行現(xiàn)在被歸類為生態(tài)旅游。various types of 為固定搭配表示“各種各樣的”，所以空格處應(yīng)填of。故填of。
【67題詳解】
考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：最大限度地減少拜訪這個(gè)地方的影響。根據(jù)空格前介詞of可知，空格處應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞形式來作介詞of的賓語。故填visiting。
【68題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：為當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裉峁┴?cái)政援助和其他福利。根據(jù)空后名詞aid可知，空格處應(yīng)填形容詞來修飾名詞aid，finance的形容詞形式為financial。故填financial。
【69題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：那里的活動(dòng)從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對(duì)自然環(huán)境影響達(dá)到很小。根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞range可知，空格處應(yīng)填用可數(shù)名詞activity的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語。故填activities。
【70題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：那里的活動(dòng)從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對(duì)自然環(huán)境影響達(dá)到很小。固定短語aim to do譯為“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
71. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
【答案】1. dish→dishes
2. tidying→tidy
3. whatever→whenever
4. doing前加from
5. was→is
6. 去掉are
7. most→more
8. mentally→mental
9. our→my
10. hopes→hope
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者對(duì)于做家務(wù)這件事的看法以及做家務(wù)會(huì)帶來的好處。
【詳解】1. 考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：飯后我總是幫助父母洗碗。固定短語“do the dishes”譯為“洗餐具”。故將dish改為dishes。
2. 考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我也給院子里的花澆水，必要時(shí)打掃我自己的臥室。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及并列連詞and可知，此處tidy up是并列謂語。根據(jù)上文的“water the flowers”可知，句子要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語第一人稱I，謂語動(dòng)詞用原型。故將tidying改為tidy。
3. 考查連詞。句意：我也給院子里的花澆水，必要時(shí)打掃我自己的臥室。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“有必要時(shí)我也會(huì)打掃自己的臥室”，所以用whenever(無論何時(shí))引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故將whatever改為whenever。
4. 考查介詞。句意：在我看來，學(xué)生可以從做家務(wù)中受益很多。固定短語“benefit......from...... ”譯為“從……中獲益”。故在doing前加from。
5. 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：首先，做家務(wù)有助于我們成為一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的人。根據(jù)全文時(shí)態(tài)可知，本文陳述客觀事實(shí)需要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語doing housework為單數(shù)，謂語也用單數(shù)。故將was改為is。
6. 考查動(dòng)詞。句意：同時(shí)，這也給了我們的父母更多的時(shí)間去做他們喜歡的事情，改善了家庭關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“去做他們喜歡的事情”，動(dòng)詞like譯為“喜歡”滿足句意；所以動(dòng)詞like前的系動(dòng)詞are多余。故刪去are。
7. 考查固定搭配。句意：此外，做家務(wù)可以是一種從學(xué)習(xí)中獲得精神放松的方式。固定短語“what’s more”譯為“此外”。故將most改為more。
8. 考查形容詞。句意：同時(shí)，這也給了我們的父母更多的時(shí)間去做他們喜歡的事情，改善了家庭關(guān)系。修飾名詞relaxation(放松)需要用形容詞。故將mentally改為mental。
9. 考查人稱代詞。句意：這是我對(duì)家務(wù)的看法。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及句意可知，此處表達(dá)“這是我對(duì)家務(wù)的看法”。故將our改為my。
10. 考查祈使句。句意：希望這能激發(fā)更多關(guān)于這個(gè)話題的思考！分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為祈使句，所以動(dòng)詞hope需要用動(dòng)詞原形。故將hopes改為hope。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）
72. 你校將舉辦英語演講比賽。請(qǐng)你以Be smart online learners為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 分析優(yōu)勢(shì)與不足；
2. 提出學(xué)習(xí)建議。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 題目和首句已為你寫好。
【答案】one possible version:
Be smart online learners
Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people to acquire knowledge and solve problems.But being smart online learners has its advantages and disadvantages.
First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizon. Besides, We can take the initiative in our study by ourselves without time and space limit.
Of course, these disadvantages are as follows.Faced with all kinds of information on the internet, We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life. On the other hand, online learning itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.
In conclusion , we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
【解析】
【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生以 Be smart online learners為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
充分利用：make full use of→ make the most of
擴(kuò)寬,豐富：broaden→ enrich
各種各樣： all kinds of→ varieties of
不完美：imperfection→ defect
2. 句式拓展
合并簡(jiǎn)單句
原句：In conclusion , we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
拓展句：In conclusion , we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages ， finding a proper way to make our study more efficient.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Faced with all kinds of information on the internet ,We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life.（非謂語作狀語和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）
[高分句型2]On the other hand ,online learning itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.（現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語）



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