Module 2 No Drugs



一、課前基礎(chǔ)自查
(一)分類記單詞——省時(shí)高效
Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(知其意)
1．drug n．　　　　　　　　毒品；藥品
2．bronchitis n. 支氣管炎
3．cancer n. 癌癥
4．cigarette n. 香煙
5．tobacco n. 煙草；煙絲
6．cannabis n. 大麻
7．cocaine n. 可卡因
8．needle n. (注射用的)針；針管
9．burglary n. 盜竊；竊案；盜竊罪
10．shoplifting n. 逛商店時(shí)偷竊商品的行為
11．café n. 咖啡館；餐館
12．leaflet n. 傳單；印刷品
13.jogging n．　　　　　　慢跑
14．gymnastic adj. 體操的
15．ratio n. 比；比率
16．distraction n. 分心；分散注意力
17．horrible adj. 令人不快的；極討厭的
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(寫(xiě)其形)
1．a(chǎn)ffect vt. 影響；對(duì)……有壞影響
2._adult n. 成人
3．likely adj. 可能的
4．reduce vt. 減少
5．nearby adj. 附近的
6．ban vt. 禁止
Ⅲ.拓展單詞(通其變)
1．a(chǎn)ddictive adj.(藥物等)上癮的→addict n．對(duì)(藥物等)上癮的人；癮君子vt.使入迷；使上癮→addicted adj.上癮的；成癮的；有癮的→addiction n．癮；入迷；嗜好
2．danger n．危險(xiǎn)→dangerous adj.危險(xiǎn)的→endanger vt.危及；危害；使遭受危險(xiǎn)
3．inject vt.注射→injection n．注射
4．powerful adj.有力的；(藥等)有功效的；強(qiáng)大的→power n．能力；力量；權(quán)力→powerless adj.無(wú)權(quán)力的；沒(méi)有能力的
5．connection n．聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；關(guān)聯(lián)→connect v．聯(lián)系；連接→connected adj.連接的；相連的
6．illegal adj.違法的；不合法的→legal adj.合法的
7．treatment n．治療；處理；對(duì)待→treat vt.治療；對(duì)待
8．disagree vi.不同意；意見(jiàn)不合→disagreement n．不同意
9．participant n．參與者；參加者→participate v．參加；參與→participation n．參與
10．crime n．罪行；犯罪行為→criminal n．罪犯
11．recognise vt.認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)知；認(rèn)出→recognition n．認(rèn)出；識(shí)別
[語(yǔ)境活用]
1．They said they disagreed with our view. As a matter of fact, their disagreement was due to a misunderstanding. (disagree)
2．After he came to power,_everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even can't save his daughter. (power)
3．People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)
4．He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in danger. So I told him driving fast was dangerous and if he didn't slow down, he would endanger our lives. (danger)
5．He liked playing online games so much that it didn't take him long to become addicted to them. The addiction to games is taking over his life. So he is really a game addict. (addict)
6．They encouraged the participants to participate in the singing performance after the contest and the participation gave the students much delight. (participate)


(二)練中記短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)記牢
語(yǔ)境活用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空)
1.look_up　　　　　向上看；查找
2．break_into 破門(mén)而入；強(qiáng)行闖入
3．belong_to 屬于
4．become_addicted_to 對(duì)……上癮；沉迷于
5．put_up 提高(價(jià)錢)；舉起；張貼
6．give_up 戒除；放棄
7．in_pain 處于痛苦中
8．related_to 有關(guān)系的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的
9．in_danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中
10．in_order_to/so_as_to 為了……
11．set_a_date 定下一個(gè)日期
12．break_the_law 犯法
13．take_one's_advice_ 聽(tīng)某人的意見(jiàn)
1.The thieves broke_into many houses while people in this village were celebrating the festival in the open air.
2．James overworks every day_so_as_to/in_order_to earn more to support his family.
3．It was not until Jack made a contribution to the disabled that I knew he belonged_to the voluntary organization.
4．When I was a child, my father always told me not to give_up whatever happened.
5．As a parent, you should prevent your children from becoming_addicted_to computer games.
6．It is surprising that most crimes in this area are related_to over-drinking and betting.
7．She looked_up his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.
8．All the citizens here strongly insist those caught putting_up “harmful” advertisements in the streets be punished strictly.

(三)仿寫(xiě)明句式——以用為本
教材原句
句式解讀
句式仿寫(xiě)
1.Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs.
現(xiàn)在我在一家戒毒中心工作，幫助其他吸毒者戒毒。
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
很多中國(guó)品牌歷經(jīng)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)樹(shù)立了聲譽(yù)，它們正面臨著現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)的新挑戰(zhàn)。
Many Chinese brands, having_developed_their_reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
2.The government put up the price of cigarettes so as to stop people buying them.
為了阻止人們購(gòu)買香煙，政府提高了香煙價(jià)格。
stop sb./sth. (from) doing“阻止……做……”。
必須做些事情來(lái)阻止這家工廠排放有毒氣體到空氣中。
Something must be done to_stop_the_factory_(from)_sending_out poisonous gases to the air.
3.I couldn't agree more.
我完全同意。
“否定詞＋adj./adv.的比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)的含義。
在我看來(lái)，這家旅館的服務(wù)是最好的。
As far as I'm concerned, the service in the hotel couldn't have been better.
4.Whatever you're doing when you want to smoke — do something else!
當(dāng)你想抽煙時(shí)，無(wú)論你在做什么，做點(diǎn)別的事！
whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事，你知道我都會(huì)支持你。
Whatever_happens,_you know that I'll stand by you.

二、課堂重點(diǎn)深化

1．a(chǎn)ddict n．對(duì)(藥物等)上癮的人；癮君子vt.使入迷；使上癮
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Addicting themselves to surfing (surf) the Internet, many kids have lost interest in study.
②I discovered an addiction (addict) to housework which I had never felt before.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)addict oneself to ...　　　 沉溺于……；醉心于……
(2)addicted adj. 有癮的；上癮的；成癮的
be/become/get addicted to ... 沉迷于……；熱愛(ài)……；迷上……
addictive adj. (藥物等)上癮的
(3)addiction n. 癮；入迷；嗜好
have addiction to ... 對(duì)……上癮
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
③Addicting to playing the violin, he didn't notice a thief walk into his house.Addicting→Addicted
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
④(2018·北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))得知你迷上了中國(guó)文化，我建議你申請(qǐng)北京大學(xué)，中國(guó)最好的大學(xué)之一。
Knowing you are_addicted_to_Chinese_culture,_I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.
[名師指津]　(1)addicted, addiction常與介詞to連用，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。
(2)addicted常修飾人；addictive“使人上癮的”，常修飾物。
2．likely adj.可能的adv.很可能
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely that he will get the job.
②If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency is likely to_be_improved (improve)．
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)be likely to do sth.　　　　　　 很可能做某事
It is likely that ...＝ Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth. 很可能……
(2)not likely (表示堅(jiān)決不同意)決不可能；絕對(duì)不會(huì)
　[辨析比較]　likely, possible, probable
likely
表示較大的可能性；用于It is likely that ...; Sb./Sth. be likely to do sth.句型中，但不用于It is likely for sb. to do sth.句型中
possible
表示的可能性較likely, probable小；用于It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.；It is possible that ...句型中，但不用于Sb. be possible to do sth.句型中
probable
表示的可能性比likely略大；常用于It is probable that ...句型中

　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰(likely/possible/probable)
③It is possible that it will rain, but with such a blue sky it doesn't seem probable. In that case, we are likely to go climbing this afternoon.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)(句型轉(zhuǎn)換)
④The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to be admitted into my favorite university will come true.
→It_is_likely_that the exams will work out as expected and my dream to be admitted into my favorite university will come true.
3．reduce vt.減少；降低；使處于
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①M(fèi)any countries in Latin America have been trying to_reduce (reduce) gaps in income, so that people can live in harmony.
②With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 30 days.
③It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
reduce ... to ...　　　　 把……減少到……
reduce ... by ... 把……減少了……
be reduced to (doing) 淪落為……；陷入某種狀態(tài)
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
④Believe it or not, the rich man should be reduced to beg for a living.beg→begging
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
⑤減少壓力最有效的方式之一就是與你信任的人聊聊你的感受。
One of the most effective ways to_reduce_stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.
[名師指津]　reduce“減少”的近義詞是decrease，反義詞是increase, rise(增加)。這三個(gè)詞與reduce用法一樣，后可接to ...表示增減的結(jié)果，接by ...表示增減的幅度。
4．recognise vt.認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)知；認(rèn)出
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being_recognised (recognise)．
②And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognise as representing peace.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)recognise sb./one's voice　 認(rèn)出某人/聽(tīng)出某人的聲音
be recognised ... as/to be ... 被認(rèn)作……/被認(rèn)為是……
It is recognised that ... 人們公認(rèn)……
(2)recognition n. 認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識(shí)；識(shí)別
beyond recognition 認(rèn)不出來(lái)
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
③I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond the recognition.去掉the
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)(句型轉(zhuǎn)換)
④Environmental pollution is recognised to have become one of the most serious problems that people face.
→It_is_recognised_that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.

除了recognised ... as/to be ...，表示“認(rèn)為……是……”的短語(yǔ)還有：
①regard ... as ...　　?、赾onsider ... as ...
③see ... as ... ④view ... as ...
⑤think of ... as ... ⑥look on ... as ...
⑦treat ... as ... ⑧think of ... to be ...


1．break into破門(mén)而入；強(qiáng)行闖入；突然……起來(lái)
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
break away from　 脫離；放棄；打破
break in 打斷；插嘴；闖入
break through (在某領(lǐng)域)有進(jìn)展或突破；沖破障礙
break down (身體)垮掉；(機(jī)器)出故障；(化學(xué))分解
break up 打碎；拆散；解體；開(kāi)始放假
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers breaking into your house.
②In order to get some money, the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts.
③They were discussing something important when a man broke in.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
④他一登上舞臺(tái)，觀眾就發(fā)出了雷鳴般的掌聲。
No sooner had he stepped on the stage than_the_audience_broke_into thunderous applause.
[名師指津]　break into中into為介詞，其后須接賓語(yǔ)；而break in中in為副詞，為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，其后不接賓語(yǔ)，表示“強(qiáng)行闖入；打斷(談話等)”。
2．give up戒除；放棄；讓給；停止
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
give up sth. to　　　 把……讓給/獻(xiàn)給……
give away 泄露(機(jī)密)；暴露；分發(fā)；捐贈(zèng)
give in 投降；屈服；讓步；上交
give in to 屈服于；向……讓步
give off 發(fā)出(光、熱、氣味等)
give out 用完；用盡；分發(fā)；分布
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The children were required to give in_their examination papers immediately.
②That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave some brochures away to the people there.
③My money was beginning to give out and there were no jobs to be found.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
④剛開(kāi)始時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)似乎很難，以至于我甚至都沒(méi)有嘗試就想放棄。
At the beginning, learning English seemed so difficult that_I_wanted_to_give up without_even_trying.
3．whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
　[教材原句]　Whatever_you're_doing when you want to smoke — do something else!
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
①Whatever_the_result_is,_we should accept it with a smile, because we have tried our best.
無(wú)論結(jié)果怎樣，我們都要微笑著接受，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)盡了全力。
②However far away we are, we feel close to each other.
→No_matter_how far away we are, we feel close to each other.
　[歸納點(diǎn)撥]
用法規(guī)則
(1)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，相當(dāng)于no matter what/who/which/whom。
(2)whenever, wherever, however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，相當(dāng)于no matter when/where/how，意為“無(wú)論何時(shí)/何地/如何”。
注意事項(xiàng)
“no matter＋疑問(wèn)詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，可放在主句前或主句后。

　[佳句背誦]
①(精彩開(kāi)頭句)(2018·江蘇高考書(shū)面表達(dá))I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase.
②(增分要點(diǎn)句)As young people, we are supposed to work hard and enjoy our work, no matter how ordinary it is.


本單元語(yǔ)篇話題與新課程主題語(yǔ)境“人與自我”中的“生活方式和生活態(tài)度”子話題相對(duì)應(yīng)
一、話題語(yǔ)素積累多一點(diǎn)
話題詞匯記一記
子話題(一)　吸煙與吸毒
溫故淺易詞匯
①harmful　　②addiction?、踓igarette
④powerful ⑤danger ⑥pain
⑦illegal ⑧affect
識(shí)記生疏詞匯
①cigar n．雪茄煙　　　?、赼buse v．濫用
③dizzy adj.頭暈?zāi)垦５? ④deadly adj.致命的
⑤threat n．威脅 ⑥nicotine n．尼古丁

子話題(二)　醫(yī)療保健
溫故淺易詞匯
①pill　　②cough　?、踫erious
④disease ⑤disability ⑥inject
⑦treatment ⑧rescue ⑨cure
⑩relief ?refresh ?poisonous
?risk ?virus ?bleed
識(shí)記生疏詞匯
①choke n．窒息　　②depression n．抑郁
③allergic adj.過(guò)敏的 ④infective adj.會(huì)傳染的
⑤bacterium n．細(xì)菌 ⑥swell v．腫脹
⑦stroke n．中風(fēng) ⑧bitter adj.苦的；有苦味的
⑨acute adj.急性的 ⑩unconscious adj.昏迷的
?ambulance n．救護(hù)車 ?ward n．病房

常用詞塊憶一憶
①take drugs　　　　　　　 吸毒
②take measures 采取措施
③be harmful to 對(duì)……有害
④quit smoking 戒煙
⑤be good to 對(duì)……有好處
⑥deal with 處理
⑦be infected with 傳染上
⑧break down (身體)垮掉
⑨suffer from 遭受；患上
⑩get into trouble 陷入困境
?get rid of 去除
?keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離
?get out of 擺脫
?operate on sb. 給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)
?cause damage to 對(duì)……造成危害
?break into 闖入
?appeal to 呼吁
?be related to 與……有關(guān)
?bring ...under control 使……得以控制
?be responsible for 為……承擔(dān)責(zé)任
be aware of 意識(shí)到
attach importance to 重視
ban smoking 禁止吸煙
break the law 犯法
寫(xiě)作佳句背一背
①Getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking alcohol is an important way to keep healthy.
②In order to arouse his father's attention to health, Li Ming reminded him of the bad effects of smoking.
③As far as I know, more and more people have realized smoking does great harm to health.
二、話題書(shū)面表達(dá)亮一點(diǎn)

假定你是李華，你將在學(xué)校即將舉行的主題為“Get away from drugs and cherish our lives”活動(dòng)上發(fā)言，請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇發(fā)言稿。要點(diǎn)如下：
1．毒品對(duì)人們的健康有害。
2．吸毒也影響我們的社會(huì)。
3．政府已經(jīng)采取了措施來(lái)減少毒品帶來(lái)的可怕危害。
4．呼吁每個(gè)人都遠(yuǎn)離毒品、珍視生命。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
　　　
[寫(xiě)作4步走]
第一步：句寫(xiě)對(duì)——給詞寫(xiě)句
affect, harmful, illegal, likely, have an effect on, treatment, become addicted to, break into, break the law, take measures, appeal to, keep away from　　
1．毒品對(duì)人們的健康有害。
Drugs_are_harmful_to_people's_health.
2．一個(gè)人會(huì)對(duì)它們上癮。
One_will_become_addicted_to_them.
3．如果吸毒者不能得到及時(shí)的治療，他們最終很可能會(huì)死掉。If_drug-takers_can't_get_timely_treatment,_they_are_likely_to_die_eventually.
4．吸毒也影響我們的社會(huì)。
Taking_drugs_also_affects_our_society.
5．吸毒者會(huì)做一些非法的事情，比如闖入別人家偷竊。
Drug-takers_will_do_something_illegal_such_as_breaking_into_others'_houses_to_steal.
6．所有這些犯罪行為對(duì)我們的社會(huì)都有很壞的影響。
All_the_crimes_have_had_a_bad_effect_on_our_society.
7．我們的政府已經(jīng)采取措施來(lái)減少毒品帶來(lái)的可怕危害。
Our_government_has_taken_measures_to_reduce_the_horrible_dangers_of_drugs.
8．無(wú)論誰(shuí)吸毒，他都會(huì)被認(rèn)定為犯法。
No_matter_who_takes_drugs,_he_is_recognised_to_have_broken_the_law.
9．我們呼吁人們遠(yuǎn)離毒品、珍視生命。
We_appeal_to_everyone_to_keep_away_from_drugs_and_cherish_our_lives.
第二步：量寫(xiě)夠——語(yǔ)句擴(kuò)充
10．在第1句前加上“眾所周知”。
As_we_know,_drugs_are_harmful_to_people's_health.
11．在第2句前加上“吸毒以后”。
After_taking_drugs,_one_will_become_addicted_to_them.
12．在第5句前加上目的狀語(yǔ)“為了得到買毒品的錢”。
In_order_to_get_money_to_buy_drugs,_drug-takers_will_do_something_illegal_such_as_breaking_into_others'_houses_to_steal.
第三步：語(yǔ)寫(xiě)美——詞句升格
用whoever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)第8句。
Whoever_takes_drugs_is_recognised_to_have_broken_the_law.
第四步：篇連順——銜接成文
用Good morning， everyone！ I feel greatly honored to speak here.開(kāi)頭，用That's all. Thank you for listening.結(jié)尾，用in addition， therefore等銜接詞連句成文。
Good_morning,_everyone!_I_feel_greatly_honored_to_speak_here._As_we_know,_drugs_are_harmful_to_people's_health._After_taking_drugs,_one_will_become_addicted_to_them._If_drug-takers_can't_get_timely_treatment,_they_are_likely_to_die_eventually._In_addition,_taking_drugs_also_affects_our_society._In_order_to_get_money_to_buy_drugs,_drug-takers_will_do_something_illegal_such_as_breaking_into_others'_houses_to_steal._All_the_crimes_have_had_a_bad_effect_on_our_society.
Our_government_has_taken_measures_to_reduce_the_horrible_dangers_of_drugs._Whoever_takes_drugs_is_recognised_to_have_broken_the_law._Therefore,_we_appeal_to_everyone_to_keep_away_from_drugs_and_cherish_our_lives.
That's_all._Thank_you_for_listening.


Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)
1．As the company was declining, the number of employees in the company reduced (減少) from 120 to 80.
2．I have known him for ten years but I could hardly recognise (認(rèn)出) him when I saw him in the street this morning.
3．When taking blood from someone, mosquitoes do not inject (注射) blood from any previous person.
4．In terms of studying, I prefer to study in the library because there are many distractions (分心) at home.
5．We stopped at the nearby (附近的) shop to buy some drinks before climbing the mountain.
6．As the medical science is developing so fast, cancer (癌癥) will not be a deadly disease in the future.
7．He is not likely (可能的) to come at this time of the day.
8．Do you advocate banning (禁止) cars in the city centre?
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空
1．Tom formed a bad habit of drinking and smoking. His parents ?reduced (reduce) his living cost and warned him that he was likely ?to_be_punished (punish) if he went on like this, but in vain. He even broke ?into a house to steal money. Now with the help of the police he ?has_recognised (recognise) that he should not have broken the law.
2．Now more and more students are becoming ?addicted (addict) to the Internet. To give it ?up is hard for them. Their parents and teachers did all that they can to help them, but ?whatever they did, some students couldn't get away from it.
3．The wealthy man ?has_been_banned (ban) from driving ever since the accident. It is said that the accident was related ?to drunk driving.
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)境改錯(cuò)
1．文中共有4處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，請(qǐng)找出并改正。
Li Hua belongs Class Two, and he became addicting to computer games last year. He broke in a house one day to get the money for games, and then he was arrested. Li Hua regretted he had broken a law and decided to get rid of the bad habit. Now he is a good student in our school.
答案：第一句：belongs后加to; addicting→addicted
第二句：in→into
第三句：a→the
2．文中共有5處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，請(qǐng)找出并改正。
Mr Smith suffers from a serious disease. His disease is relating to smoking and his life is in the danger. The doctor says if he doesn't stop smoking, he is like to lose his life. In order to living a healthy life, he takes the doctor's advice and decides to give in smoking.
答案：第二句：relating→related; 去掉the
第三句：like→likely
第四句：living→live; in→up
Ⅳ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子
1．我大約有4年時(shí)間沉迷于電子游戲中。(addict)
I went through about four years of being_addicted_to video games.
2．如果你買十本以上的書(shū)，他們會(huì)把價(jià)格降低10%。(reduce)
If you buy more than ten books, they will reduce_the_price_by 10 percent.
3．林肯被認(rèn)為是美國(guó)最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一。(recognise)
Lincoln is_recognised_as/to_be one of the greatest presidents in America.
4．我從沒(méi)說(shuō)過(guò)我會(huì)把我的新書(shū)給她。絕不可能！(likely)
I never said I'd give her my new books.Not_likely!
5．無(wú)論你做什么，都不能違背自然規(guī)律。(whatever)
Whatever_you_do,_you can't go against nature.
Ⅴ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根據(jù)提示填空
Why do people smoke? One reason is that people ?become_addicted_to (對(duì)……有癮) cigarettes. The ?addictive (addict) substance in cigarettes is nicotine. When people smoke, the nicotine goes right into the blood stream and makes people relaxed. A smoker's body ?becomes_used_to (習(xí)慣于) the nicotine and if he stops smoking he feels nervous. Many smokers try to ?quit_smoking (戒煙), but because of the addiction to nicotine they feel so ?uncomfortable (comfort) that they often find it too hard to do so. Another reason is that people only enjoy smoking. Having a cigarette for many people means ?taking_a_break (休息). For some people, smoking becomes part of certain social rituals (禮節(jié)), for example, the cigarette after dinner. Lots of people enjoy ?smoking (smoke) because it provides something to do with their hands. Reaching for a cigarette, ?lighting (light) it, and flicking the ashes is especially comfortable in situations where a person feels nervous.
Many people also like the taste of tar (焦油) in cigarettes. However, it is the tar that ?causes (cause) cancer. While governments and health experts have tried to get people to give up smoking completely, cigarette manufacturers have tried to keep selling them by producing cigarettes with less (little) tar. Many people in western countries have welcomed these cigarettes since they find it hard to give up smoking, but want to reduce the danger to their health.
(Ⅱ)片段選詞填空
become addicted to， deal with， do away with， for example， keep ... away from， more than， take drugs， work out
There are several ways to ?do_away_with drug addiction. The first step, as I'm sure you have heard hundreds of times, is to realise that there's a problem. If there are people in your life ?taking_drugs,_you'll need to let them know that it's hurting ?more_than just themselves.
Once you've gotten them to realise this, if possible, you'll need to help them. You'll need a way to ?work_out the problems that pull them towards drugs, or to create something else that will ?keep these people_away_from drugs.
Sometimes other drugs are in line. ?For_example,_most heavy drinkers are affected by depression. Over 40% of Americans are affected by depression, and over 60% of the male population of these people have turned towards drinking to ?deal_with their problems related to depression. This greatly increases the chances of abuse, as well as many other horrible effects of alcohol.
When someone ?becomes_addicted_to any drug, you'll need to deal with it immediately. It's better to deal with the problem before it turns into one which cannot be controlled. The best thing you can do for yourself is to get help from anyone else or the people within your family before you turn to any drugs.



一、復(fù)現(xiàn)單元考點(diǎn)——增強(qiáng)備考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的語(yǔ)法填空
1．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful (power) effect on the feeling of a space.
2．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel.
3．(2017·北京高考)We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing connections_(connect) between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
4．(2016·10月浙江高考)Sixty-four percent of those survey participants_(participate)who haven't worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home.
5．(2016·江蘇高考)According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and coauthors, civil conflict is related to El Nio's harmful effects — and the poorer the country, the stronger the link.
6．(2015·安徽高考)Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(選用treatment, reduce, illegal, addicted to填空)
1．(2018·江蘇高考完形填空)Wild camping is __43__ in England.To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning.illegal
2．(2018·江蘇高考完形填空)Raynor ached all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial struggle, found his symptoms were strangely __48__ by their daily tiring journey._reduced
3．(2015·安徽高考完形填空)Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem. We are __47__ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that never is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones._addicted_to
4．(2015·江蘇高考完形填空)One day, while waiting to go in for __43__， I had one of Dr. Bernie's books in my hand. Another patient noticed what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me because he had one of his books with him as well.treatment
二、復(fù)現(xiàn)話題詞匯——提高閱讀準(zhǔn)度
新高考下的命題新視角：身體健康是人們最寶貴的財(cái)富，而遠(yuǎn)離不良習(xí)慣是健康的前提。吸煙有害健康，吸毒危害社會(huì)。為了家人的幸福，為了社會(huì)的和諧安定，請(qǐng)遠(yuǎn)離不良習(xí)慣！高考依據(jù)此話題作為命題視角，旨在警示人們遠(yuǎn)離毒品、健康生活。
[話題感悟]
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——語(yǔ)篇復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯，活學(xué)活用記憶更深
( 加藍(lán)詞匯為本單元話題詞匯，讀文時(shí)請(qǐng)揣摩其用法)
[1]Cigarette smoking kills 480,000 people every year in the United States, over 40,000 of them from secondhand smoke. According to the report from Healthline, about 36.5 million American adults are identified as current smokers, which puts them and those around them at high risk for a host of conditions. But quitting smoking can reduce your risk for all of these things. That's where these blogs come in.
Verywell
[2]On this blog, Verywell offers a lot of material for smokers trying to quit smoking. These posts are informative, well-written, and even entertaining. Recent stop-smoking topics include how to deal with the signs of nicotine withdrawal (尼古丁脫癮癥) with the help of medicine, and how to resist the urge to smoke. Any one of these is useful for a smoker trying to quit smoking.
American Lung Association's Blog
[3]The American Lung Association is the largest nonprofit organization in the United States working to improve lung health and prevent lung disease. Their website is an essential source for folks trying to quit smoking and in need of support. A series of posts called “The Day I Quit” is particularly helpful. Sharing stories from folks across the country who have put the brakes on smoking. Therefore, they can exchange their experiences and learn from people who have succeeded in doing so.
EX Community
[4]EX is an organization dedicated to supporting folks quitting smoking. They provide a wealth of resources on their website, including expert advice, community forums, and a feature to match smokers with support partners. The organization is a project of the Truth Initiative and Mayo Clinic. Recent posts discuss how smoking relates to weight management.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些跟戒煙有關(guān)的博客。
1．Who may most probably visit Verywell?
A．Smokers who want to entertain themselves.
B．Smokers who want to quit smoking in a short time.
C．Smokers who want to stop smoking by taking medicine.
D．Smokers who want to control their diseases by taking medicine.
解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Verywell部分的“Recent stop-smoking topics include how to deal with the signs of nicotine withdrawal (尼古丁脫癮癥) with the help of medicine”可知，想要通過(guò)藥物戒煙的吸煙者會(huì)訪問(wèn)這個(gè)博客。
2．Which blog helps those trying to quit smoking find partners?
A．Verywell.
B．EX Community.
C．Healthline.
D．American Lung Association's Blog.
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EX Community部分“a feature to match smokers with support partners”可知，尋找同伴一起戒煙可以瀏覽EX Community。
3．What's the text meant to?
A．To tell the harm of smoking.
B．To make advertisements for blogs.
C．To encourage smokers to quit smoking.
D．To recommend some blogs on quitting smoking.
解析：選D　寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是第一段最后兩句可知，本文主要介紹了一些跟戒煙有關(guān)的博客。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——題后把脈規(guī)律，練后得法理解更透
主旨大意技法(3)——運(yùn)用行文結(jié)構(gòu)巧解寫(xiě)作意圖題
寫(xiě)作意圖推斷題要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，揣測(cè)作者的寫(xiě)作意圖及運(yùn)用某種寫(xiě)作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過(guò)文章所提供的事實(shí)，客觀地使讀者接受某種想法或觀點(diǎn)。這種題型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同時(shí)還要具備對(duì)作者闡述問(wèn)題的方法進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)和分析的能力。對(duì)于這類題我們可以通過(guò)分析文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)推測(cè)出作者的寫(xiě)作意圖。例如本文的行文結(jié)構(gòu)如下圖：

通過(guò)上面的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，我們不難選擇第3題的正確答案為D項(xiàng)。


Ⅰ.閱讀理解
Vitamin D can benefit bone health and increase muscle strength.It can also help prevent conditions such as rickets.Of course its health benefits aren't limited to these few at all.Vitamin D is produced when sunlight hits our skin.It can also be found in certain foods such as eggs and fatty fish, and can be taken as a supplement (補(bǔ)充物)．
Now researchers say they have found a new benefit of it.“We believe vitamin D has a beneficial effect on many cancers，” said Taiki Yamaji, coauthor of a study in Japan.It is not the first study to suggest that people with low levels of vitamin D might be at increased risk of a number of cancers.However, the evidence is far from clear, with some studies showing no such effect and others suggesting protective effects against particular cancers but not others.
The latest study sought to debate the_issue.The team looked at levels of the biologically active form of vitamin D in blood taken from more than 30,000 middle-aged individuals at health centers during the early 1990s.The participants were followed up over a period of 16 years.
After taking into account factors including age, sex, smoking status, family history of cancer, as well as seasonal differences in circulating vitamin D, the team found that higher levels of circulating vitamin D are linked to a lower risk of cancer overall.Compared with the participants with the lowest levels of circulating vitamin D, the participants with the highest levels had a 22% lower risk of cancer.The team said there was no difference in the effect of vitamin D based on sex.
Looking at specific cancers, the team found about a 50% lower risk of liver cancer, once diet was also considered, for the group with the highest vitamin D levels compared with the lowest.A weaker effect was found for a kind of breast cancer, but there was no clear link for other cancers, including lung cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer or breast cancer as a whole.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，維生素D或許可以幫助人們降低患某些癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
1．What does Paragraph 1 tell us about vitamin D?
A．It's important to our physical well-being.
B．It is highly valued by people nowadays.
C．It can help prevent many rare diseases.
D．It can be widely found in many foods.
解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Vitamin D can benefit bone health ...its health benefits aren't limited to these few at all.”可知，維生素D對(duì)我們的身體健康很重要。
2．What does the underlined part “the issue” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．If vitamin D is beneficial to our health.
B．If taking vitamin D supplements matters.
C．If certain cancers can be avoided through measures.
D．If vitamin D helps reduce the risk of certain cancers.
解析：選D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的后兩句內(nèi)容可知，有些研究表明對(duì)維生素D是否可以幫助減少患某些癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的證據(jù)不足，所以研究人員決定通過(guò)長(zhǎng)期跟蹤實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)論證這一問(wèn)題。畫(huà)線部分指代維生素D是否可以幫助減少患某些癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)這一問(wèn)題。
3．The researchers arrived at their findings by ________.
A．doing various experiments at the lab
B．comparing previous studies with the current one
C．a(chǎn)nalyzing data provided by people of various ages
D．conducting a long-term study on thousands of people
解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，研究人員通過(guò)對(duì)三萬(wàn)多人進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)達(dá)十六年的研究才得出的結(jié)論。
4．What did the researchers find?
A．Vitamins can really help prevent various cancers.
B．Vitamin D is effective in helping prevent liver cancer.
C．Women can benefit more from the effects of vitamin D.
D．People taking vitamin supplements were usually healthy.
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“Looking at specific cancers, the team found about a 50% lower risk of liver cancer, once diet was also considered, for the group with the highest vitamin D levels compared with the lowest.”可知答案。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
This woman was afraid to tell people what she wanted.She didn't know how to say no.__1__ This woman was me.
I just wanted to be accepted and loved.The only way to make it was to put everyone else's needs before my own.__2__ As an experiment, I began standing up for myself, even at the risk of distancing myself from others.
Here's what I did: Tell the truth honestly and politely.Six months ago, I was asked to help serve guests at a long and boring social event.__3__ And then I struggled about how to get out of this “duty”．Eventually, after many waves of anxiety, I politely told the organizer the very thought of mine.Later, I tried saying “no” to others.
__4__ In the beginning, saying no was tough.But when I stopped people-pleasing, no one cared.For example, a former close schoolmate asked me to go for coffee at 5 p．m.But I was planning to hit the gym.I said, “Sorry, I've got things I want to do tonight.” She said, “That's fine.Maybe another time.”
Thus, I have a lot more time that belongs to me.I never seemed to have time for my desires.Learning how to say “no” has added several extra hours to my weeks.I no longer have to give up my plans to help a friend with his job search, or set aside a weekend to edit books for someone I barely know.__5__
A．Saying “no” has set me free.
B．I wasted a lot of time worrying.
C．But recently, I felt I'd had enough.
D．Rather than saying what I felt, I said “OK.”
E．It's because I have more time for my interests.
F．People around me didn't mind my saying “no”．
G．Therefore, she got herself stuck in a web of anxiety.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者改變自己，學(xué)會(huì)拒絕他人的經(jīng)歷。
1．選G　空處位于段中，與下文之間存在指代的關(guān)系。下文中的This woman指代G項(xiàng)中的she。
2．選C　空處位于段中，是一個(gè)過(guò)渡句?？仗幣c前文在內(nèi)容上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C，下文是對(duì)C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的解釋說(shuō)明。
3．選D　空處位于段中，是一個(gè)過(guò)渡句。D項(xiàng)“我沒(méi)有說(shuō)出自己真實(shí)的想法，而是答應(yīng)了(別人的請(qǐng)求)”能夠承接上文內(nèi)容“我被請(qǐng)求去幫忙”。
4．選F　空處位于段首，是本段主題句。而本段陳述的主要內(nèi)容是“我拒絕刻意去取悅別人后，別人并沒(méi)有在意我的拒絕”。
5．選A　空處位于段尾，是一個(gè)總結(jié)句。根據(jù)最后一段特別是Learning how to ...可知，拒絕他人，讓我獲得自由。
Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)
I've got a bad disease.I live alone but often feel pretty lonely.Sometimes, I go out to relax myself, use a wheelchair.There's one person willing to chatting with me.He is the guy who often run the ice-cream car down by the river.They talk to each other about everything.He's friendly and considerately.I know he will real worry about me if he doesn't see me for a few day.He has greatly influenced on my life.The chance to have a chat with someone goes long way in my life.
答案：第二句：but→and
第三句：use→using
第四句：chatting→chat
第五句：run→runs
第六句：They→We
第七句：considerately→considerate
第八句：real→really; day→days
第九句：去掉on
第十句：long前加a


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