2020版高考英語新設(shè)計一輪復(fù)習(xí)人教全國版講義：選修7Unit4Sharing-學(xué)案下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意
1．fortnight n．　　　　　　　兩星期
2．muddy adj. 泥濘的；泥土般的
3．textbook n. 教科書；課本
4．rectangle n. 矩形；長方形
5．rectangular adj. 長方形的；矩形的
6．broom n. 掃帚
7．sniff vt.&vi. 嗅；聞；用鼻子吸
8．interpreter n. 作口譯的人
9．grill n. 烤架；大平底鍋
v. 燒烤；炙烤
10．evil n. 邪惡；罪惡
adj. 邪惡的
11．paperwork n. 文書工作
12．toast vt. 烤(面包等)；敬酒
n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯
13．a(chǎn)stronaut n. 宇航員；太空人
14．financial adj. 財務(wù)的；金融的；財政的
15．catalogue n. 目錄
16．trunk n. 樹干；軀干；大衣箱
17．click vi.&vt. (使)發(fā)出咔嗒聲
n. 咔嗒聲
Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形
1．platform n. 臺；平臺；講臺；(火車站的)月臺
2．economic adj. 經(jīng)濟的；經(jīng)濟學(xué)的
3．concept n. 觀念；概念
4．relevant adj. 有關(guān)的；切題的
5．otherwise conj. 否則；不然
adv. 用別的方法；其他方面
6．purchase vt.&n. 買；購買
7．privilege n. 特權(quán)；特別優(yōu)待
8．weekly adj.&adv. 每周(的)
9．remote adj. 遙遠的；偏僻的
10．weed n. 雜草；野草
vt.& vi. 除雜草
Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變
1．a(chǎn)djust vi.& vt.調(diào)整；(使)適合→adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的；可調(diào)節(jié)的→adjustment n．調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)[縱聯(lián)1]
2．participate vi.參與；參加→participation n．參加；參與→participant n．參與者；參加者
3．a(chǎn)rrangement n．安排；排列；整理→arrange v．安排；排列；整理
4．donate vt.捐贈→donation n．捐贈；捐獻→donator n．捐贈者
5．voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；無償?shù)摹鷙olunteer n．自(志)愿者 vi.自(志)愿做
6．political adj.政治的；政黨的→politics n．政治
7．distribute vt.分配；分發(fā)→distribution n．分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài)
8．security n．安全；保護；保障→secure vt.使安全 adj.安全的[縱聯(lián)2]
9．operate vi.工作；運轉(zhuǎn) vt.操作→operation n．手術(shù)；運轉(zhuǎn)；操作→operator n．操作人員

縱聯(lián)1.后綴“-able”形容詞大觀園
①adjustable可調(diào)節(jié)的　　　 ②respectable可敬的
③adaptable可適應(yīng)的 ④reasonable合理的
⑤favorable有利的 ⑥unbelievable不可信的
⑦reliable可依賴的 ⑧admirable仰慕的
⑨comfortable舒適的 ⑩suitable合適的
縱聯(lián)2.“-ty”結(jié)尾名詞不甘示弱
①security安全 ②necessity必需品
③similarity相似(性) ④possibility可能(性)
⑤quality質(zhì)量；品質(zhì) ⑥quantity數(shù)量
⑦identity身份；一致性 ⑧dignity尊嚴(yán)；自豪
⑨equality平等性 ⑩variety種類；多樣性

單元話題——人際關(guān)系
子話題1　志愿服務(wù)
①access n接近；獲得　　　　 ②acquire v．取得；獲得
③accumulate v．積累 ④experience n．經(jīng)驗；經(jīng)歷
⑤advantage n．優(yōu)點 ⑥associate n．聯(lián)想；交往
⑦assist vt.幫助；協(xié)助 ⑧unforgettable adj.難忘的
⑨meaningful adj.有意義的 ⑩promote vt.促進；提升
?offer v．提供 ?challenge n．挑戰(zhàn)
子話題2　社會交往
①regards n．致意；問候 ②congratulate vt.祝賀
③persuade vt.說服；勸說 ④invite vt.邀請
⑤introduce vt.介紹 ⑥appreciate vt.欣賞；感激
⑦celebrate vt.慶祝 ⑧admit vt.承認(rèn)；允許
⑨recommend vt.推薦；介紹 ⑩remind vt.提醒
[學(xué)考對接·活學(xué)活用]
高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用
1．(2015·江蘇高考閱讀B)The U．S.Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that “the production, distribution?， and use of products — as well as management of the resulting waste — all result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start — for instance, buying? reusable products and recycling.
In many countries the concept? of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive (動機) for reducing waste.
①distribution在本單元的動詞形式為：distribute，意為：分配；分發(fā)
②寫出加彩單詞在本單元的近義詞：purchase，該單詞還可以作名詞，意為“采購，購買的東西”
③寫出concept在句中的含義：觀念
2．(2015·江蘇高考閱讀C)Let's begin with the question of why people volunteer?.Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.For example, people volunteer to express personal values related? to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships.If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish 　?　 (participate)．To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.
①加彩單詞的詞性為：動詞，意為：志愿做，在本單元的形容詞為：voluntary，意為：自愿的；無償?shù)?br /> ②加彩單詞在本單元中的近義詞為：relevant，意為：相關(guān)的
③用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：to_participate
高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用
(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)
1．(2018·浙江高考寫作)另一方面，我在一家旅行社做過兼職，積累了相關(guān)經(jīng)驗，這幫助了我適應(yīng)了與不同的人相處。(relevant, adjust)
For_another,_I_have_accumulated_relevant_experience_by_working_part-time_in_a_travel_agency,_which_helps_me_adjust_to_getting_along_with_different_people.
2．(2015·天津高考書面表達)我寫這封郵件是告訴你一些我們捐贈的圖書的情況。這些書將會盡快分發(fā)到每個學(xué)生手中。(donate, distribute)
I_am_writing_an_e-mail_to_tell_you_something_about_our_donated_books,_which_will_be_distributed_to_each_student_as_soon_as_possible.
(二)課堂重點釋疑
1．a(chǎn)djust vi.&vt.調(diào)整；(使)適合；(使)適應(yīng)
[記牢]
(1)adjust ...to (doing) sth.　調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)(做)某事
adjust oneself to 使自己適應(yīng)于……
(2)adjustment n. 調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)
make an adjustment to 對……做出調(diào)整
[練通]
單句語法填空
①It took him quite a while to adjust to living (live) alone after his parents passed away.
②We have made an adjustment (adjust) to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent.
③Having_adjusted (adjust) themselves to earth's gravity upon landing for about 50 minutes, the three astronauts came out of the return capsule one after another.
單句改錯
④I have learned how to be independent in a boarding school, which is beneficial to adjusting the college life.adjusting后加to
[寫美]　翻譯句子
⑤(2018·北京高考書面表達)我相信你能很快適應(yīng)在北京的生活。
I believe that you can adjust yourself to the life in Beijing soon.
2．participate vi.參與；參加；分享
[記牢]
(1)participate in　　　　　　　參加；參與
participate with sb.in sth. 與某人一起分擔(dān)某事
(2)participation n. 參加；參與
participant n. 參與者；參加者
[練通]　單句語法填空
①As scheduled, we participated in several instructive activities.
②It has found that on average, participants (participate) performed better on cognitive (認(rèn)知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s.
③I sincerely hope that the festival will be a great success and I'm looking forward to your participation (participate)．
④You should participate with your friend in his sufferings.
[寫美]　翻譯句子
⑤(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)兩隊每天都要訓(xùn)練兩小時，并定期參加比賽。
Both_teams_train_for_two_hours_a_day_and_participate_in_competitions_regularly.
3．otherwise conj.否則；不然 adv.用別的方法；其他方面adj.別的；另外的；不同的
[辨清]　寫出下列句中otherwise的詞性和含義
①(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it's probably running.
adj.別的；另外的
②(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.
conj.否則；不然
[記牢]
(1)otherwise conj.＝or (else)/if not　否則；要不然
(2)otherwise adv.＝in another way/apart from/differently
用其他辦法；除……以外；別樣；另外
and otherwise＝and so on 等等；及其他
or otherwise＝or contrary 或相反；或其反面
(3)otherwise adj.＝other/different 另外的；其他的；不同的
[練通]　同義替換
③So from then on, I have been determined never to be dishonest.Otherwise (＝Or/Or_else) I will be looked down upon and lose all my friends.
④She is not very clever, but otherwise (＝differently/in_another_way) she's a nice girl.
[用準(zhǔn)]　當(dāng)otherwise后接句子，表示否定意義時，如果是假想的或與事實相反的情況，從句要用虛擬語氣。
[寫美]　補全句子
⑤我認(rèn)為我們每個人都應(yīng)該盡力幫助那些需要幫助的人，否則我們遲早要為自己的自私負(fù)責(zé)。
I argue that every one of us should try our best to help those in need.Otherwise we'll have to answer for our selfishness sooner or later.

4．donate v．捐贈；贈送
[記牢]
(1)donate ...to sb./sth.　　把……捐贈給某人或某物
donate ...to do sth. 捐贈……做某事
(2)donation n. 捐贈；捐獻
make a donation to 向……捐贈
(3)donated adj. 捐贈的
[練通]　單句語法填空
①Luckily, many people and organizations donated a lot of money to_help (help) them receive college education smoothly.
②(2017·天津高考)I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations (donate) began flooding in from hundreds of people.
③(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.
[寫美]　補全句子
④政府呼吁公眾給貧窮的孩子提供捐贈。(donation)
The government appeals to the public to_make_a_donation_to_the_poor_children.
5．distribute vt.分配；分發(fā)；分布
[記牢]
(1)distribute ...to ...　　　　把……分給……
distribute ...among ... 在……中分發(fā)……
(2)distribution n. 分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài)
[練通]　單句語法填空
①Then we distributed some presents such as books and school bags to/among them.
②Who will take charge of the distribution (distribute) of food and clothing to the flood victims?
③The existing medical knowledge and skills are not equally distributed (distribute) all over the world.
[寫美]　補全句子
④(2018·北京高考書面表達)我告訴那些國際學(xué)生，茶廣泛分布在全國各地。
I told those international students that tea_is_widely_distributed_all_over_the_country.
6．operate vi.工作；運轉(zhuǎn)；給……動手術(shù)；起作用 vt.操作；經(jīng)營
[辨清]　寫出下列句中operate的含義
①The car is powered by a battery on its back, which can keep it operating for an hour.運轉(zhuǎn)
②More interestingly, I tried operating some aircraft by myself.操作
③If the doctor had operated on him earlier, he wouldn't have died.給……動手術(shù)
④My parents used to operate a small restaurant near the train station.經(jīng)營
⑤This kind of material operates as a very effective protection.起作用
[記牢]
(1)operate on/upon sb.　　　　　給某人動手術(shù)
(2)operation n. 手術(shù)；運轉(zhuǎn)；操作
be in operation 經(jīng)營；營業(yè)
come/go into operation 開始工作/運轉(zhuǎn)；生效
put/bring ...into operation 實施/施行……
[練通]　單句語法填空
⑥For most people, it's almost impossible to_operate (operate) a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet.
⑦I went through many eye operations_ (operate)in an attempt to keep my vision.
⑧We're all ready to put it into operation; in other words, we're going to take action as fast as possible.
[寫美]　翻譯句子
⑨(2016·6月浙江高考書面表達)雖然我壓力很大，但我在比賽中表現(xiàn)很好并最終贏得了一等獎。
Though_I_was_under_great_pressure,_I_operated_well_in_the_contest_and_finally_won_first_prize.
[詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　　
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．What he learned at university is not relevant (有關(guān)的) to his job.
2．Besides, we need friends to share our joys and sorrows, otherwise (否則) we will feel lonely.
3．Christmas was almost upon us and presents needed to be purchased (購買)．
4．Just sit at a computer, click (點擊) and choose, and you can find all kinds of different things online.
5．It's my privilege (榮幸) to have such an opportunity to live with your family.
6．My English teacher asked us to choose a topic, make a(n) weekly (每周的) plan and tell the class about it.
7．Our class are going to visit poor children in a remote (遙遠的) mountainous area this weekend.
8．This_concept (理念；概念) gives a whole new meaning to the idea of how to live a simple but full life.
9．With the increasingly rapid economic (經(jīng)濟的) growth, more problems are brought to our attention.
10．My colleague and I have a lot of experience in web_security (安全), but it is not something that people couldn't learn.
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．Brought up in the country, he finds it hard to adjust himself (he) to city life.
2．He donated part of his liver to_save (save) the stranger, which was really a touching story.
3．The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an operation (operate) on his knee.
4．People who approved of the reform urged that education resources (should)_be_distributed (distribute) among the members of society equally.
5．He has made arrangements (arrange) for the collection of his baggage from the airport.
6．Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary (volunteer) activity whose theme was to make the city more beautiful and advocate a low-carbon lifestyle.
7．They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't have_been_stuck (stick) in the storm.
8．During the last three decades, the number of people participating (participate) in physical fitness programs has increased sharply.
9．If this product does not give you complete satisfaction，please return it to the manufacturer, stating when it was_purchased (purchase)．
10．The app WeChat provides a networking platform where communication has become faster and easier.
Ⅲ.單句改錯
1．We want to make a donation for the Hope Project, so we are organizing a charity show.for→to
2．I don't think what he said relevant to the topic we are discussing.relevant前加is
3．People were trapped between floors because the lift didn't operate proper.proper→properly
4．It is really a privilege for me to work as a interpreter in the company.第二個a→an
5．The vase was purchased at a high price turned out to be of little value.去掉was或was前加that/which
Ⅳ.根據(jù)提示補全句子
1．李華擔(dān)心他在適應(yīng)英國的食物上有些困難。(adjust)
Li Hua is worried that he has_trouble_(in)_adjusting_to British food.
2．醫(yī)療科學(xué)證實：獻血有益于我們的身心健康。(donate)
Medical science has proved that donating_blood_is_good_for_us both physically and mentally.
3．新學(xué)期開始，老師讓幾個學(xué)生幫著給班內(nèi)的學(xué)生發(fā)書。(distribute)
At the beginning of the new term, the teacher asked several students to help to distribute the new books to the students in class.
4．老師應(yīng)該鼓勵學(xué)生參加各種各樣的活動，這能幫助培養(yǎng)他們的團隊精神。(participate)
Teachers should encourage students_to_participate_in_all_kinds_of_activities，which can help develop their spirit of teamwork.
5．這是一臺很容易操作的新機器。(operate)
This is a new machine which_is_very_easy_to_operate.

(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)

1．dry_up　　　　　　　　　 (指河流、井等)干涸
2．dry_out (使浸水等之物)完全變干；干透
3．stick_out 突出；伸出；堅持到底
4．hear_from 接到……的信
5．(be)_dying_to 極想；渴望
[串記1] 與……有關(guān)
7．the_other_day 不久前的一天
[串記2] 偶然遇到
9．participate_in 參與/參加……
10．in_need 在困難中；在危急中
11．get_through 完成；穿過；接通電話
12．make_a_difference_to 對……有影響；起作用
[同根短語串記]
串記1.要知道“與……有關(guān)”
①be relevant to　　　　　　　與……有關(guān)
②be related to 與……有關(guān)
③be connected with 與……有關(guān)
④be associated with 與……有關(guān)
串記2.“偶然遇到”也是緣
①come across 偶然遇到
②run across 偶然遇見
③run into 碰到；偶然遇到
④meet with 遇到
⑤knock into 撞上；偶然遇到

1．a(chǎn) muddy track　　　　　　　一條泥濘的小路
2．up_to_two hours 多達兩個小時
3．walk a long way 走很長一段路
4．try to adapt to these conditions 盡量適應(yīng)這些狀況
5．the most challenging subject 最富挑戰(zhàn)性的課程
6．the local English dialect 當(dāng)?shù)厝苏f的英語方言
7．have fantastic views 看到奇妙的景色
8．a(chǎn) voluntary contribution 自愿捐款

1．To be honest, I doubt_whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
說實在的，我懷疑是否我教的課會讓這些孩子的生活有所改變。
2．But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did_visit_a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.
但是上個周末，我和另外一位老師珍妮，確實去訪問了一個村莊，那是其中一個男孩湯貝的家。
3．We walked for two and a half hours to get there — first up a mountain to a ridge from_where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.
我們步行了兩個半小時才到達那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一個陡坡，一直走到下邊的山谷。
4．The gift you give is_not something your loved one keeps but_a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的禮物不是給你所愛的人留念的，而是給那些確實有生活需要的人的一項志愿性捐助。
[學(xué)考對接·活學(xué)活用]
高考采擷(一)　完形中的短語(詞匯替換)
1．(2018·浙江高考完形填空)One day I met a former classmate of mine who was making a lot of money running a sideline (副業(yè))．(用本單元短語替換加彩詞語)The_other_day
2．(2014·天津高考完形填空)For almost four years, my mother would call us from Brazil every day.Every evening I'd eagerly wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day.(用本單元短語替換加彩詞)be_dying_to
高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語和句式(補全句子)
1．(2018·北京高考書面表達)很高興收到你的來信。歡迎你來北京學(xué)習(xí)！
I'm_more_than_glad_to_hear_from_you.Welcome to Beijing for your study!
2．(2013·江蘇高考書面表達)捐贈書籍和體育用品給有需要的兒童，而不是高喊空洞的口號，這更有意義。
Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.
3．(2016·江蘇高考書面表達)其次，這種投票并不取決于競爭對手的優(yōu)勢，而是取決于他們有多少社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。(not ... but ...)
Secondly, voting of this kind does_not_depend_on the strong points of the competitors, but_rather_on how many social-networking resources they have.
(二)課堂重點釋疑
[短語集釋]
1．(be) dying to 極想；渴望
[記牢]
(1)be dying/eager/anxious/keen to do sth.
＝long to do sth.　　　　　　　渴望做某事
(2)be dying/anxious/eager/thirsty for sth.
＝long for sth. 渴望得到某物
[練通]　單句語法填空
①By the way, I am dying to_learn (learn) more detailed information about this activity.
②He has_been_longing (long) to attend college since he was a little boy.Now his dream has come true.
③The child can't wait to return to school because he is thirsty for knowledge.
[寫美]　補全句子
④首先，作為一名渴望學(xué)習(xí)知識的學(xué)生，你在學(xué)習(xí)中有必要形成一種有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法。
Firstly, as a student who_is_dying_to_learn_knowledge,_it is necessary to build an effective method in your study.
2．in need 在困難中；在危急中
[記牢]
in (great) need of　　　　　　　 (非常)需要
satisfy/meet one's needs 滿足某人的需要
there is no need (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)沒有必要做某事
[練通]　單句語法填空
①They won't go back to work unless someone can meet their needs (need)．
②In our life we may meet with many failures, as long as we try our best, there's no need to_feel (feel) regret for these failures.
③In an advertisement I know that your company is in need of a temporary interpreter.
[寫美]　翻譯句子
④我們社會中的每一個人都應(yīng)該幫助那些需要幫助的人，但更重要的是真誠。
Everyone_in_our_society_should_help_those_in_need,_but_it_is_more_important_to_be_sincere.
[句式集釋]
1．“介詞＋關(guān)系副詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句
[教材原句]　We walked for two and a half hours to get there — first up a mountain to a ridge from_where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)The little girl was finally found hidden behind the door, from_where she could hear what her parents said.
這個小女孩終于被發(fā)現(xiàn)藏在門后，從那里她能聽到她父母說的話。
(2)The book was written in 1946, since_when the education system witnessed great changes.
這本書寫于1946年，從那時起教育制度見證了巨大的變革。
　　[析用法規(guī)則]
用法歸納
在“介詞＋關(guān)系詞”這一類型的定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞常為which和whom，關(guān)系副詞where和when之前一般不加介詞，比較特殊的有from where, since when和by when。
注意事項
需要注意的是同“介詞＋which”的區(qū)別，“介詞＋which”中的which一般是指某一個名詞，而“介詞＋where/when”中的where和when指的是地點狀語和時間狀語。
[背寫作佳句]
(1)(2018·江蘇高考書面表達)Once one of my friends told me the higher rating meant the higher quality of the product, since when, based on the ratings, I bought my beloved backpack, saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.(要點句)
(2)It took us about 2 hours to reach the top, from where we were rewarded with beautiful scenery, bathed in the sunshine and jumping and cheering with joy.(要點句)
2．not ...but ...“不是……而是……”
[教材原句]　The gift you give is_not_something your loved one keeps_but_a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.
我意識到成功的秘訣不是你出生于何時何地，而是你在生活中的所作所為。
(2)Not how much money you will give us but that you are present at the ceremony really matters_ (matter)．
[析用法規(guī)則]
用法歸納
not ...but ...“不是……而是……”，在句中連接兩個表語。當(dāng)連接兩個并列主語時，謂語應(yīng)同靠近的主語保持一致。符合“就近一致”原則的還有：(1)not only ...but also ... (2)neither ...nor ...　(3)either ...or ...
注意事項
“not only ...but also ...”連接兩個從句且not only位于句首時，前一分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，后一分句不用倒裝。

[背寫作佳句]
(1)It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.(要點句)
②(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)Not only do we take volleyball and basketball courses, but our school also holds all kinds of sports competitions.(要點句)
[詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.選詞填空
dry up， come across， in need， dry out， participate in， make a difference， hear from， be dying to
1．John hung up his wet wash in order to dry it out.
2．The big river has dried_up because of drought for several months.
3．Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage will make_a_difference.
4．I am_dying_to know when you will visit our city.
5．She came_across some old photographs in a drawer.
6．Don't believe those who leave their friends when they are in trouble because “A friend in_need is a friend indeed.”
7．I heard_from you the other day, which delighted me very much.
8．Participating_in this club helps us to learn more about drama, and develop our self-confidence and cultural qualities as well.
Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補全/翻譯句子
1．中國是風(fēng)箏的故鄉(xiāng)，從那里放風(fēng)箏傳到日本、朝鮮、泰國和印度。(“介詞＋where”引導(dǎo)的定語從句)
China is the birthplace of kites, from_where_kite-flying_spread_to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
2．主要問題不是水太熱，而是它不干凈。(not ...but ...)
The_main_problem_is_not_that_the_water_is_too_hot,_but_that_it_is_not_clean.
3．在你的上一封郵件中，你懷疑是否有可能彌補你們的友誼。(doubt whether)
In your last mail you doubted_whether_it_was_possible_to_make_up_for_your_friendship.
4．我現(xiàn)在很少鍛煉，但我上初中時的確喜歡踢足球。(do強調(diào)謂語)
I don't take much exercise now, but I_did_like_playing_football when I was in junior middle school.
Ⅲ.分步寫作
假定你是紅星中學(xué)的一名學(xué)生。3月5日是學(xué)雷鋒日，你班組織了一次去敬老院陪老人的志愿活動。請根據(jù)下面的活動內(nèi)容和過程寫一篇英文短文，向你校校刊英語專欄投稿。
1．幫忙打掃衛(wèi)生；
2．給老人們表演；
3．發(fā)給老人們禮物。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考詞匯：敬老院nursing home
第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點
1．審題：①文體：記敘文?、谌朔Q：主要是第一人稱?、蹠r態(tài)：主要是一般過去時
2．本文可從三個要點來構(gòu)思：
要點1：介紹這次活動的時間和地點(3月5日去敬老院做志愿活動)。
要點2：詳細描寫活動的內(nèi)容(掃地、擦窗戶、洗衣服、表演、發(fā)禮物等)。
要點3：總結(jié)活動的意義(學(xué)到了很多，積極幫助有困難的人)。
要點1：我們班在3月5日組織了一次志愿活動，去附近一家敬老院為老人做些事情。
Our_class_organized_a_voluntary_activity_to_go_to_a_nearby_nursing_home_to_do_something_for_the_elderly_on_March_5th.
要點2－①：在那天，我們一大早就出發(fā)了。(set out)
On_that_day,_we_set_out_early_in_the_morning.
要點2－②：我們一到那里，一些人就開始認(rèn)真地用掃把掃地，另外一些人擦窗戶和洗衣服。
As_soon_as_we_got_there,_some_of_us_began_to_sweep_the_floor_with_brooms_carefully_and_others_cleaned_the_windows_and_did_some_washing.
要點2－③：我們在舞臺上給老人做了精彩的表演，給他們分發(fā)禮物，并教他們一些日常的英語表達。
We_gave_wonderful_performances_on_the_platform_for_the_elderly,_distributed_our_gifts_to_them_and_taught_them_some_daily_English_expressions.
要點3－①：我們從這次經(jīng)歷中真的學(xué)到了很多。
We've_really_learned_a_lot_from_the_experience.
要點3－②：我們需要更積極地參與幫助那些有困難的人。
We_need_to_participate_more_actively_in_helping_those_who_are_in_need.
第二步：添加細節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達更亮眼
為了使表達更高級，提升文章檔次，我們需要對部分句式進行升級。如：要點2－③用“not only ...but also ...”倒裝句升級句子；要點3－②用“do＋動詞原形”的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)進行改寫。
升級要點2－③：我們不僅在舞臺上給老人做了精彩的表演，而且給他們分發(fā)禮物，并教他們一些日常的英語表達。(not only ...but also ...倒裝句)
Not_only_did_we_give_wonderful_performances_on_the_platform_for_the_elderly,_but_also_we_distributed_our_gifts_to_them_and_taught_them_some_daily_English_expressions.
升級要點3－②：我們確實需要更積極地參與幫助那些有困難的人。(do強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu))
We_do_need_to_participate_more_actively_in_helping_those_who_are_in_need.
第三步：連句成文，排語句順序，重銜接過渡
本文可采用三段式結(jié)構(gòu)來組織全文。寫作時應(yīng)注意恰當(dāng)使用一些過渡詞，如in addition, as far as I am concerned把各個要點連接起來。在講述完活動的細節(jié)后還可用“All the elderly had a good time with us.”總結(jié)此次活動帶來的影響。
Our_class_organized_a_voluntary_activity_to_go_to_a_nearby_nursing_home_to_do_something_for_the_elderly_on_March_5th.
On_that_day,_we_set_out_early_in_the_morning.As_soon_as_we_got_there,_some_of_us_began_to_sweep_the_floor_with_brooms_carefully_and_others_cleaned_the_windows_and_did_some_washing.In_addition,_not_only_did_we_give_wonderful_performances_on_the_platform_for_the_elderly,_but_also_we_distributed_our_gifts_to_them_and_taught_them_some_daily_English_expressions.All_the_elderly_had_a_good_time_with_us.
We've_really_learned_a_lot_from_the_experience.As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_we_do_need_to_participate_more_actively_in_helping_those_who_are_in_need.

掌握閱讀技能之(一)　跳讀
對于說明文和議論文類閱讀理解，要想在有限的時間內(nèi)逐字逐句的讀完文章，理清文章內(nèi)容，這個難度是相當(dāng)大的，如何在考場上利用有限的時間高質(zhì)量的完成規(guī)定的閱讀任務(wù)，跳讀(跳過無關(guān)信息)就成為考生的第一選擇。
一、陌生詞匯“跳過去”
在閱讀時，并不是所有的生詞都是命題點。在閱讀中，當(dāng)遇到一個生詞時，不妨先問自己一個問題：這些生詞有沒有進行精確猜測的必要。高考試題中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)沒必要去精確猜測的生詞，不知道它的精確含義也不會影響對基本句意的理解。對這類詞，不要過多糾纏，盡管放心大膽地“跳過去”。
[高考典例]　2018·江蘇卷·D篇
The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children's Commissioner (專員)Anne Longfield.She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school illequipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.
Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photoopportunities and then messaging friends — and friends of friends — to demand “l(fā)ikes” for their online posts.
The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock.
二、“專有名詞”不糾纏
專有名詞包括人名、地名、機構(gòu)組織的名稱等，通常首字母大寫，比較容易發(fā)現(xiàn)。在理解句意時，可只注意其核心詞或干脆跳過。
[高考典例]　2018·全國卷Ⅰ·D篇
To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.
As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house，” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.
三、長難句子看主干
長難句是閱讀理解中的攔路虎，跳過“旁枝側(cè)葉”(各種修飾成分)，抓住主干(主句或句子的主語、謂語和賓語)是解決此類問題的最佳方法。
[高考典例]　2014·全國卷Ⅱ·A篇
[1]Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
[2]During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.
[3]He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organised again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.
[4]Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband's name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can (垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath.
第三段是一個復(fù)雜的長難句，在理解上有一定的難度，抽取句子主干He reported the case to the police and then sat there后便能順暢理解全文內(nèi)容；且跳過的“旁枝側(cè)葉”不會對做題產(chǎn)生任何影響。