Ⅰ.單詞語境記憶
1.on the scene    在現(xiàn)場
2.an upset stomach 胃部不適
3.under the guidance of my brother 在我哥哥的指導(dǎo)下
4.insist on going there 堅(jiān)持去那里
5.forbid the boy from visiting the web 禁止這個(gè)男孩上網(wǎng)
6.return to normal 恢復(fù)正常
7.tend to her sick mother 照看她生病的母親
8.feel really annoyed 感到非常生氣
9.ignore his own error 忽視他自己的錯(cuò)誤
10.throw away garbage 扔掉垃圾
Ⅱ.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換與派生記憶
1.frightened adj.受驚的,害怕的→frightening adj.令人恐懼的,令人害怕的→frighten vt.使驚嚇,使害怕
2.starve vi.挨餓;餓死vt.使挨餓→starvation n.餓死
3.explanation n.解釋,說明→explain vt.& vi.解釋,說明
4.defend vt.辯解,辯白;防御→defence/defense n.防御,答辯
5.argument n.爭吵,辯論;論點(diǎn),論據(jù)→argue vi.爭吵
6.harm vt.& n.傷害→harmful adj.傷害的→harmless adj.無害的
7.patience n.耐心→patient adj.耐心的
8.distant adj.不友好的,冷淡的;遙遠(yuǎn)的→distance n.冷淡;遙遠(yuǎn)
9.confused adj.困惑的,不解的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑,混淆;混亂→confusion n.困惑,混淆;混亂
10.limit n.限制;極限;界限vt.限制→limited adj.有限的
11.balance v.& n.平衡;抵消→balanced adj.平衡的
12.behavior n.行為,舉止→behave v.表現(xiàn);檢點(diǎn)
13.emergency n.突發(fā)事件;緊急情況→emergent adj.突發(fā)的,緊急的
14.fool n.傻子→foolish adj.愚蠢的
15.challenge n.& vt.挑戰(zhàn)→challenging adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的
『聯(lián)想記憶』
1.“青少年”系列說法
①teenager n.  青少年
②youth n. 青少年,青年
③adolescent n. 青少年
④youngster n. 少年
⑤junior n. 年少者,晚輩
2.后綴“-dom”名詞集錦
①wisdom 智慧
②freedom 自由
③kingdom 王國
④filmdom 電影界
3.“n.+-ish”形容詞大集合
①selfish 自私的
②foolish 愚蠢的
③childish 孩子氣的
④bookish 好讀書的
⑤girlish 少女似的
⑥boyish 男孩似的
4.快速記憶“詞中詞”
①serve→deserve v. 值得
②ant→distant adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的
③have→behave v. 表現(xiàn)
④arm→harm vt.& n. 傷害
⑤plain→explain v. 解釋
⑥star→starve v. 挨餓
⑦end→tend v. 趨向
5.“容忍”表達(dá)集錦
①tolerate vt. 忍受,容忍
②bear vt. 忍受
③stand vt. 忍受
④put up with 忍受,容忍

1.It’s certain that we need to put up a curtain.我們肯定需要掛一個(gè)窗簾。
2.He sighed to us that he had to sign his name on the unreasonable contract.
他向我們嘆息說他不得不在這個(gè)不合理的合約上簽字。
3.It’s hard to imagine that she is so hard on her son who studies hard enough.
很難想象她的兒子學(xué)習(xí)非常努力,她卻對他如此嚴(yán)厲。
4.All the handles of the house are broken,and it’s hard to handle the problem.
這個(gè)屋子的所有把手都壞了,很難處理這個(gè)問題。

1.turn up 調(diào)高(音量);出現(xiàn)
2.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事
3.be supposed to 應(yīng)當(dāng)……,應(yīng)該……
4.do with 處理,對付
5.be hard on 對……苛刻,對……嚴(yán)厲
6.stay up 不睡覺,熬夜
7.mix up 混淆,弄亂;攪勻,拌和
8.as if 好像
9.insist on 堅(jiān)持,堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為
10.at present 現(xiàn)在;目前
11.along with 與……一起
12.instead of 代替,而不是
13.keep up with 趕上,跟上
14.in a mess 雜亂無章,一團(tuán)糟
15.tend to do sth 傾向于做某事,易于做某事
16.take in 吸收;欺騙
17.let out 放出;泄露
18.be proud of 以……為自豪
『詞塊記憶』
1.a day earlier than expected比預(yù)期早一天
2.make good decisions做出正確的決定
3.deserve an explanation值得解釋
4.ask for some guidance尋求指導(dǎo)
5.refuse to do his homework拒絕做作業(yè)
6.allow him his freedom給他自由
7.go out of control失控
8.go through great physical changes經(jīng)歷巨大的身體變化
9.in this regard在這一方面
10.struggle to depend on themselves努力依靠他們自己

1.And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him,and that is why we had no time to clean the house.
還有,我們昨天在診所待了一整天等他,正因?yàn)槿绱耍覀儾艣]有時(shí)間打掃房子。
2.Maybe,but now that he has been so rude to us,I feel like we have to punish him or he won’t respect us.
也許吧,可是既然他對我們?nèi)绱藷o禮,我覺得有必要懲罰他,要不然他會(huì)不尊重我們的。
3.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.丹尼爾雙臂交叉,看上去很不高興。
4.Sometimes he acts as if he doesn’t love us at all.有時(shí)他表現(xiàn)得好像他根本就不愛我們。
5.The room is in a mess,with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.
房間一片狼藉,地上是比薩餅盒子,水槽中是臟兮兮的盤子。
6.Also,every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.
而且,每次我看DVD的時(shí)候,他就打發(fā)我上床睡覺或告訴我要多花些時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1.The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves (值得)another.(2018·北京高考完形)
2.Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle (應(yīng)對)whatever is ahead of you for the day.(2018·全國卷Ⅱ七選五)
3.I can’t afford a lawyer so I shall defend (辯解) myself in court.
4.Tears poured down as she watched the sad scene (場景) of the play.
5.It was several days before the floodwater sank and life returned to normal (正常).
6.The hospital limits (限制) the number of visitors a patient can have.
7.When you are relaxed,your breathing tends (趨向) to be slow and gentle.
8.Lack of space forbids (禁止) listing the names of all those who contributed.
9.For them,getting rid of heavy physical (身體的) labour is a big thing.
10.“I can’t tolerate (容忍) your bad manners any longer,” said the man angrily.
Ⅱ.詞性變化練習(xí)
1.The teacher gave a clear explanation (explain) on the use of the word.
2.We all know that a balanced (balance) diet is of great importance to our health.
3.When hearing the news that Typhoon was coming,many people felt frightened (frighten).
4.Just like a voyage at sea,our life journey,whose days are limited (limit),is full of difficulties.
5.He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
6.The most distant way in the world is not the distance across us,but it is when I sit near you,you don’t understand I love you.(distant)
7.He is a patient nurse indeed,but I warn you that you’d better not challenge his patience.(patient)
8.He defended his idea that each of us should refuse to buy foreign products in defence of our national industry.(defend)
Ⅲ.選詞填空
stay up,turn up,be supposed to,do with,be hard on,insist on,along with,keep up with
1.He turned__up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ完形)
2.Billy was the youngest boy on the hike,but he could keep__up__with the others.
3.Her father has always been__hard__on her,so she is never late for school.
4.I want to stay__up tonight and watch the late movie on TV.
5.You are sure to achieve your dreams if you insist__on them and try your best.
6.He could properly do__with all kinds of situations because he has rich experience.
7.Several years ago,she came to this city along__with her elder sister.
8.The college years are__supposed__to be a time for important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.Tom overslept this morning.That__is__why he was late for work.
湯姆今天早上睡過頭了,這就是他上班晚的原因。
2.They sat there in silence with__the__lights__on for nearly an hour.
他們默默地坐在那里,燈亮了近1個(gè)小時(shí)。
3.When he returned home,he found he had__his__wallet__stolen.
到家時(shí),他發(fā)現(xiàn)錢包被偷了。
4.I couldn’t carry on with my life as__if__nothing__had__happened.
我不能像什么都沒發(fā)生一樣地生活下去。
5.Every__time__I__pass__the__school,I will think of my first English teacher.
每當(dāng)我經(jīng)過那所學(xué)校,我就想起我的第一個(gè)英語老師。

核心要點(diǎn)突破
1.tolerate vt.容忍;允許
(1)忍受/容忍(某人)做某事
(2)put up with=tolerate 忍受,容忍
單句語法填空/一句多譯
①The boy couldn’t tolerate other people’s smoking (smoke) in the room,so he went out.
這個(gè)男孩不能忍受別人在房間內(nèi)吸煙,因此他出去了。
②我必須提醒你,學(xué)校絕不會(huì)容忍考試作弊。
→I must remind you that at no time will the school tolerate__cheating in the exam.
→I must remind you that at no time will the school bear/stand/put__up__with__cheating in the exam.
[佳句背誦] You’d better mind your table manners because they can’t tolerate your bad behavior.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))
你最好注意你的餐桌禮儀,因?yàn)樗麄儾粫?huì)容忍你的壞行為。
2.scene n.(戲劇的)一場;現(xiàn)場;場面;景色
[一詞多義] 寫出下列句中scene的含義
①The last scene of the play was very moving.(戲劇的)一場
②Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.
(2018·全國卷Ⅰ閱讀D)現(xiàn)場
③Seeing the scene of children playing together on the beach,I felt so happy.場面
④As we all know,the sunrise is a beautiful scene.景色
on the scene/spot   在現(xiàn)場;當(dāng)場;在臺(tái)上
behind the scenes 在幕后;暗中
appear/come on the scene 出場;登場
單句語法填空
⑤The students were able to go behind the scenes (scene) to see how programmes were made.
⑥On receiving the call,the police rushed to the scene,where a traffic accident happened.
[佳句背誦] They couldn’t wait to have a try for themselves on the scene.(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))
他們迫不及待地想現(xiàn)場親自試一下。
[名師指津] scene有“場景;場面;地點(diǎn)”的含義,后接定語從句,且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語時(shí),一般用關(guān)系副詞where或in which來引導(dǎo)。
3.upset adj.心煩意亂的;不高興的,失望的vt.使不高興,使失望;打亂,擾亂;打翻
(1)be upset about/over/at sth
          為某事煩心/難過
be upset to do sth 對做某事感到不安/難過
be upset that... ……讓人不安
(2)upset oneself about sth 為某事而煩惱
It upsets sb to do sth/that...
讓某人心煩的是……
單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換
①She was upset to__know (know) that her application for the position was refused.
②She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.
→It__upset__her__that he had left without saying goodbye.
[佳句背誦] Life is too short,so don’t be upset by trifles any more.(湖北高考滿分作文)
生命太短暫,所以不要再為小事而煩惱了。
[名師指津] (1)upset 為表語形容詞,不能作定語。(2)upset的過去式和過去分詞形式仍為upset;其現(xiàn)在分詞形式為upsetting。
4.deserve vt.值得;應(yīng)得;應(yīng)受
(1)deserve to do sth  應(yīng)該做某事
deserve blame/punishment
該受責(zé)備/懲罰
(2)sth deserve doing=sth deserve to be done
某事值得被做
deserve attention/consideration/sympathy/respect
值得注意/考慮/同情/尊重
單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換
①Su Bingtian deserved to__win (win) in the Asian Games because he had made enough preparations for the game.
②It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting.
→It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve to__be__respected.
[佳句背誦] That surely gave us a great sense of achievement,and it deserved much attention.(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))
這肯定會(huì)給我們一個(gè)巨大的成就感,而且值得很大的關(guān)注。
[名師指津] deserve doing是用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,相當(dāng)于deserve to be done,用法相同的單詞還有need,want和require等。
5.insist vt.& vi.堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為;堅(jiān)決要求
insist that...
insist on doing sth  堅(jiān)持做某事
單句語法填空
①On the contrary,the volunteers insist that they have__got (get) tired of the life on the earth.
②In conclusion,so long as you insist on doing so,you will reap a harvest.
[佳句背誦] I insisted you should keep your voice low and pleasant during the meal.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))
我堅(jiān)決要求你在吃飯時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)保持聲音低而悅耳。
6.harm vt.& n.傷害
(1)cause/do harm to...   對……造成傷害/有害
there is no harm in doing sth 做某事沒有害處
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 對……有害
單句語法填空/一句多譯
①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer,which is very harmful (harm) to their health.
②眾所周知,觀看暴力電視節(jié)目真的對孩子有害。
→As we know,watching violence on TV really harms__children.(harm vt.)
→As we know,watching violence on TV really does__harm__to__children/does__children__harm.(harm n.)
→As we know,watching violence on TV is__really__harmful__to__children.(harmful)
[佳句背誦] There is no harm in paying much attention to table manners while eating with your friends.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))
與朋友一起吃飯時(shí),多注意餐桌禮儀沒有壞處。
7.forbid (forbade,forbidden) vt.禁止,不準(zhǔn)
(1)forbid doing sth    禁止做某事
禁止某人做某事
(2)forbidden adj. 被禁止的;禁用的
單句語法填空/一句多譯
①We should take measures to forbid returning (return) illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.
②禁止孩子們過度玩手機(jī)是他們父母的責(zé)任。
→It is their parents’ duty to forbid the children to__play mobile phones excessively.
→It is their parents’ duty to forbid__the__children__from__playing mobile phones excessively.
[佳句背誦] You are forbidden to take action by yourselves.(2017·浙江高考書面表達(dá))
你們禁止獨(dú)自采取行動(dòng)。
[名師指津] forbid后不能直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語,但可直接跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語,也可用forbid sb to do sth形式,有類似用法的單詞還有:allow,permit,advise等。
8.normal adj.正常的;一般的 n.通常標(biāo)準(zhǔn);一般水平;常態(tài)
(1)It’s normal for sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事
是正常的
(2)above/below normal 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以上/下
return/come back to normal 恢復(fù)正常/常態(tài)
單句語法填空
①It was several days before the flood water sank and life returned to normal.
[佳句背誦] It’s normal for you to adjust yourself to the life here in Beijing soon.(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))
對你來說很快適應(yīng)北京的生活是正常的。
[名師指津] 辨析normal,ordinary,common,usual
normal
正常的,一般的。行為、特征符合常態(tài)、常規(guī)
ordinary
平凡的,普通的。符合一般標(biāo)準(zhǔn),無出奇之處
common
常見的,共同的。具有全體人/事物共有的特征,因常見而顯得平常
usual
通常的,慣常的。側(cè)重說明行為的習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性
選用上述單詞填空
②Do you know the normal temperature of the human body?
③Yesterday morning,she came to the office as usual.
④Smith is a very common last name in England.
⑤We were dressed up for the party but she was still in her ordinary clothes.
9.tend vi.往往;趨向 vt.& vi.照看,護(hù)理
(1)tend to do sth   傾向于做某事,易于做某事
tend (to) sb/sth 照料,護(hù)理某人/某物
(2)tendency n. 傾向,趨勢
have a tendency to do sth
傾向于做某事
完成句子/一句多譯
①A team of medical workers were sent to__tend__(to)__the__survivors of the earthquake.
一隊(duì)醫(yī)護(hù)人員被派去照料地震中的幸存者。
②據(jù)報(bào)道房價(jià)在某些城市有下降的趨勢。
→It is reported that housing prices tend to__decrease (decrease) in some cities.
→It is reported that housing prices have a tendency (tend) to decrease in some cities.
[佳句背誦] After the new gymnasium was built,the students tended to take more exercise.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))
新體育場建成后,學(xué)生們傾向于參加更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
10.limit n.& vt.限制;極限;界限
(1)limit...to...   把……限制在……內(nèi)
be limited to... 受限制于……
(2)beyond the limit 超過限度
set a limit to 限制……
(3)limited adj. 有限的
limitless 無限制的
單句語法填空/英譯漢
①In a knowledge era,lifelong learning is not limited to a traditional classroom.
②I am convinced that you will go beyond the limit and beyond yourself.
我相信你將超越極限,超越自己。
[佳句背誦] You’d better make some preparations because your Chinese is limited.(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))
因?yàn)槟愕臐h語水平有限,你最好做些準(zhǔn)備。
11.balance vt.& vi.& n.平衡;抵消
(1)keep/lose/break one’s balance
           保持/失去/打破平衡
(2)balance...against 權(quán)衡……與……
(3)balanced adj. 保持平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持飲食均衡
單句語法填空
①You’d better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
②You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
[佳句背誦] You should balance your strengths and weaknesses when applying for a university.(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))
當(dāng)你申請一所大學(xué)的時(shí)候,你應(yīng)該平衡你的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。
12.be supposed to 應(yīng)該……,應(yīng)當(dāng)……,被認(rèn)為……
(1)be supposed to do... 應(yīng)該做某事
be supposed to have done...
=should have done
=ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做某事(實(shí)際未做)
be supposed to be... 被認(rèn)為是……
(2)suppose/supposing (that)
假定/假如……
單句語法填空/一句多譯
①Supposing/Suppose (suppose) that there was an earthquake,what would be the right way to escape?
②你本應(yīng)該昨天就把作業(yè)交上的。
→You were__supposed__to__have__handed__in your homework yesterday.(suppose)
→You should__have__handed__in your homework yesterday.(should)
→You ought__to__have__handed__in your homework yesterday.(ought)
[佳句背誦] You’re supposed to pay attention to the table manners while eating.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))
當(dāng)你吃飯的時(shí)候要注意餐桌禮儀。
13.stay up 不睡覺,熬夜
take up   拿起;占用;開始從事
pick up 撿起;偶然學(xué)會(huì);收聽;(用車)接人
use up 用完,花光
build up 建立,增強(qiáng)
選用上述短語填空
①All students have two PE classes a week and run for 20 minutes every day to build__up their body.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))
②Then I got to the point where I was staying__up really late at night to get my work done.(2018·浙江高考完形)
③Smartphones not only take__up our valuable time,but also do great harm to our health.
14.along with 與……一起,除了……以外(還)
(1)along with表示“除了……以外(還)”時(shí)相當(dāng)于besides/in addition to
(2)along with (=together with) 連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),其謂語動(dòng)詞與它前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。類似用法的還有:as well as,with,but,rather than,except等
完成句子
Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming,is__regarded__as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
如今,與慢跑和游泳一樣,騎自行車被認(rèn)為是最全面的鍛煉方式之一。
[佳句背誦] Along with/Besides/In addition to your wonderful innovation,you need to hand in a report.(遼寧高考書面表達(dá))
除了你很棒的創(chuàng)意之外,你還需要上交一篇報(bào)告。
15.have sth done
Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.(教材原句)
丹尼爾雙臂抱在胸前,看起來很不高興。
(1)句中has his arms crossed是have sth done 結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種含義:
·主語,讓別人做某事,相當(dāng)于get sth done
·主語,遭遇到某種不幸
①He had his car repaired soon after the accident.
事故后不久他就找人把車修理了。
②Many people had their houses damaged (damage) in the earthquake.
(2)have的其他常用句型結(jié)構(gòu):
have sb do sth    讓某人做某事
have sb doing sth 讓某人一直做某事
can’t/won’t have sb doing sth
不能容忍/允許某人做某事
have sth to do 有某事要做
③His boss would have him work on weekends if he lost the document.
如果他丟了文件老板會(huì)讓他周末加班。
④Our teachers won’t have us carrying (carry)mobile phones to school.
⑤I’m sorry I can’t go with you.I have some clothes to__wash (wash).
16.as if/though 表示 “似乎,好像”
Sometimes he acts as if he doesn’t love us at all.(教材原句)
有時(shí)他表現(xiàn)得好像他根本就不愛我們。
as if (=as though) “似乎,好像”,在本句中引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句,它也可用在look,seem,sound 等系動(dòng)詞后引導(dǎo)表語從句。
as if/though所引導(dǎo)的從句中的語氣及時(shí)態(tài):
as if/though
①The room looks as if/though it isn’t huge enough to contain so many books and magazines.
這房間看起來好像不夠大,容納不下這么多書籍和雜志。
②He pretends as if he__didn’t__know__the__thing.In fact he knows it very well.
他裝著好像不知道此事。事實(shí)上他對此事一清二楚。
③Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had__done (do) something very clever.
④Tom stopped as though/if he was to see what had happened.
→Tom stopped as though/if to__see (see)what had happened.
[名師指津] 如果as if從句中的主語和主句的主語相同,且含有be動(dòng)詞,可省略主語和be動(dòng)詞,這樣就出現(xiàn)“as if+名詞/不定式/形容詞(短語)/介詞短語/分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。
17.each time 表示“每次”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
Also,every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.(教材原句)
還有,每次我看DVD,他就催著我上床睡覺,要么就是教導(dǎo)我要多花些時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。
句中every time=each time是名詞短語,它相當(dāng)于連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。有類似用法的詞語還有:
the first time   第一次……時(shí)
(the) next time 下次……時(shí)
any time 任何時(shí)候
the last time 上次……時(shí)
①Every/Each time I see the old man in the park,he is absorbed in reading newspapers.
每次我在公園里看到這位老人時(shí),他都在專注地讀報(bào)紙。
②Next__time__you__come,remember to bring along your sister.
下次你來時(shí),記著把你妹妹一塊帶來。
[名師指津] the first time 表示“第一次”,在句中可作賓語、表語,還可以用作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。for the first time 表示“第一次”,獨(dú)立作狀語,不引導(dǎo)從句。
③He became interested in the young teacher’s lesson the__first__time he attended his class.He was so excited in class for__the__first__time.
他第一次上課時(shí)就對這位年輕老師的課感興趣。他第一次上課這么興奮。
考綱詞匯專練
Ⅰ.多義詞專練——選擇語境中詞匯的含義
1.last
A.adv.最近,上次 B.v.持續(xù) C.v.夠用 D.n.最后的人或事物 E.adj.最不可能/合適的
①Frozen bananas will last several weeks,depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
(2018·全國卷Ⅱ閱讀B)B
②When I last saw her,she was working in New York.A
③He was too slow and the last to reach the top of the mountain.D
④The last thing we wanted was for the newspapers to find out what was going on.E
⑤The water supply should last another 48 hours,otherwise we would face the risk of death.C
2.balance
A.n.平衡 B.n.天平 C.v.(使)保持平衡 D.v.權(quán)衡,斟酌,比較
①He had the rare balance of fun and compassion.
(2017·全國卷Ⅱ完形)A
②He turned around,balancing awkwardly on one foot.C
③We balanced the profit and loss to see what had been gained.D
④They are weighing the leather in the balance.B
Ⅱ.微閱讀——寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義
1.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift.(2018·天津高考閱讀A)緊急情況
2.However,here are some examples: being cut off in traffic,a deadline approaching,experiencing physical pain,and much more.(2018·北京高考閱讀七選五)
身體的
3.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.
(全國卷Ⅱ閱讀七選五)智慧
Ⅲ.微完形——根據(jù)語境選出正確選項(xiàng)
1.The little girl was so __①__ at the snake that she burst out crying.It was a __②__ for her to handle the situation.
①A.annoyed B.frightened
C.confused D.worried
②A.challenge  B.fault C.guidance D.freedom
答案?、貰 ②A
2.The boy begged his mother to buy a toy car,but he was refused.Finally he lost his __①__ and started to yell at his mother.However,we all consider it was a bad __②__ for him to do so.
①A.argument B.explanation
C.wisdom D.patience
②A.scene B.behavior
C.emergency D.harm
答案?、貲 ②B

Ⅰ.在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或所給單詞的正確形式——熱考???br /> 1.Her behavior (behave) towards me shows that she does not like me.
2.The boy often stays up playing computer games in the net bar.
3.She can’t wait to__hug (hug) her son every time she gets home from work.
4.With production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.
5.You should spend more money in buying good food and keeping a balanced (balance) diet.
6.Jenny hopes that she will have her written English improved (improve) in a short period.
7.If you’re confused (confuse) about anything,you can phone my office.
8.Daniel thought his parents were hard on him because they shouted at him before he could explain.
9.The doctor said she had a fever and that her temperature was well above normal.
10.I’ve made great progress in my English under the teacher’s guidance (guide).
Ⅱ.用所給詞的正確形式填空——不規(guī)則變化
1.In Japan the proper gift is thought (think) to express the giver’s true friendship.
2.For one of the few times in my life,I really had nothing left (leave) to say.
3.He found a coin and bent (bend) over to pick it up.
4.She took one look at the horse and her heart sank (sink).
5.It is high time that we forbade (forbid) setting off fireworks in urban areas.
Ⅲ.改正下列句子中的唯一錯(cuò)誤——易錯(cuò)易混
1.Lucy had her purse pick in the bus yesterday.pick→picked
2.We lose a few skin cells at every time we wash our hands.去掉at
3.The policewoman took care of the baby that had lost its parents as if it was her own.was→were
4.My wife didn’t realize that eating too much sugar was harmful for health.for→to
5.My mother encouraged me and insisted that I continued my education.continued→continue
6.She along with her younger brother were admitted to Beijing University last year.were→was
Ⅳ.根據(jù)語境判斷加黑詞的正確含義——熟詞生義
A.常態(tài) B.余額 C.能經(jīng)受(困難條件) D.平衡
1.It seems that these ants can tolerate temperatures which would kill other species.C
2.Things will not get back to normal soon after the earthquake.A
3.My bank balance is not very large because I bought a new car last week.B


Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
“You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five,”a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted.“Your blood sugars are much too high.”It consumed me.No matter where I was or what I was doing,it was overhead like a dark cloud,waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.

I liked painting.Losing myself in painting filled me with peace.Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.
When I was twenty-one,my right eye went blind.Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday,I had a massive hemorrhage(大出血) in my left eye because of an accident.For the next twenty years,vision came and went.I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision.But after one final operation,I lost the battle and all remaining vision.And I buried all dreams of painting.
Desperate,I enrolled in(注冊) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (損傷的).I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software.A whole new world opened up to me through this program.
“Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind,”my instructor told me.“You can use the Internet,E-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.”It’s amazing!Hope went up for the first time in years.“By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse,you can use Microsoft Access,Excel and Powerpoint,”my instructor added.
For the next several years,I learned that when one door closes,another door opens.There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology.Not only do I have a speaking computer,but I have a speaking watch,alarm clock,and calculator.
【語篇解讀】 本文是記敘文。作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們:面對人生困境時(shí)不要悲傷,天無絕人之路,我們一定會(huì)找到新的出路。
1.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.The right opportunity.
B.The children’s hospital.
C.Consuming too much sugar.
D.Losing my sight in the future.
答案 D [代詞指代題。結(jié)合畫線詞前面醫(yī)生的話You’ll be blind和畫線詞后面的like a dark cloud,waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world可以推知,it指代醫(yī)生所說的“你會(huì)失明”。]
2.What happened when the author was 25 years old?
A.He gave up painting.
B.He went blind completely.
C.He injured one of his eyes.
D.He picked up a new hobby.
答案 C [細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Precisely three months after...because of an accident可知,25歲時(shí),作者的左眼在一場事故中受傷大出血。]
3.What brought a turning point to the author?
A.A special course.
B.A meaningful event.
C.An inspiring speech.
D.An important interview.
答案 A [細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的I enrolled in...through this program可知,作者在徹底喪失視力之后,參加了一個(gè)針對視力障礙者的課程,這個(gè)課程給作者開辟了一個(gè)全新的世界。]
4.What does the author intend to tell us?
A.No pain,no gain.
B.Every man has his price.
C.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D.Be optimistic in the face of life’s difficulties.
答案 D [主旨大意題。根據(jù)作者的經(jīng)歷和最后一段中的when one door closes,another door opens可知,作者想通過這篇文章告訴大家,一定要樂觀面對困境。]
B
I was selfish as a teenager.I usually spent my time thinking about myself and taking care of my own needs.I let my older brother do most of the work around the house until he left for college.I let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems while I read books, played, and lost myself in my own imagination.This didn’t change even when I went to college either.I studied hard but only to make my own life better.Even when I started to explore my faith, it was only to increase my own happiness.
I married after graduation and decided to start a family.Of course, I had no idea what hard knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul.Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way.I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people.In fact, all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me.
Still, I didn’t give up on happiness.I knew that there must be a way to find it.I finally realized, however, that it had to include more than just my own needs, wants, and desires.The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly after my baby boy was born.I got a bottle and held him in my arms.As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes.I smiled and talked to him.Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love.I felt such peace and joy.At that moment I had a hint of the truth: it is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.
Carolyn Arends wrote:“The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets.The more love you get, the more love you have to give.It just keeps growing.” So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring.Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.
【語篇解讀】 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文,主要講述作者由一個(gè)自私的人成長為一個(gè)心中對他人有愛的人,也明白了“愛他人即幸?!钡牡览淼慕?jīng)歷。
5.What do we know about the author from the first paragraph?
A.He often helped his brother with housework.
B.He studied hard for his family.
C.He put his own needs above others’.
D.He was concerned about his family.
答案 C [推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“l(fā)et my older brother do most of the work”“l(fā)et my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems”“This didn’t change even when I went to college either”“I studied hard but only to make my own life better”和“it was only to increase my own happiness”的描述可推知,作者在青少年時(shí)期較為自私,行為處事總是只考慮自己,幾乎不為家人考慮,即他把自己的需要放在別人的需要之上。故選C項(xiàng)。]
6.What did the author realize after he suffered in life?
A.Spoiled people can’t survive the hardship of life.
B.Life is cruel to spoiled people.
C.Spoiled people are never happy in life.
D.Selfishness is helpful.
答案 B [細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Soon I found myself...for spoiled people”可知,作者在經(jīng)歷了人生的失意后,終于發(fā)現(xiàn)生活對被寵壞的人是殘酷的。]
7.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.The author loved kids.
B.The author often fed his baby.
C.The author realized the importance of happiness.
D.When caring for his baby, the author got inspired.
答案 D [推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“As I was feeding him...we find our happiness”可推知,作者在照料孩子的過程中領(lǐng)悟到了通往幸福的途徑。]
8.Which can be the best title of the passage?
A.Loving Others, a Way to Happiness
B.The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets
C.Help Others, Help Oneself
D.Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life
答案 A [標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘The more people...today,tomorrow, and always”的描述可推知,這篇文章的主旨是“愛他人即幸福”。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
I was driving my car the other day.The radio was playing,and I was __1__ along.The song was a __2__ one and even my weak voice sounded good.Then something bad __3__,however.The sweet sound of the music ended and was __4__ with the alarming news break.
I drove on while the __5__ said prices were going higher again because of the __6__ speculation(投機(jī)) on Wall Street.The race for the Presidency was getting worse.Violence __7__ when fans of a sports team went wild,__8__ their favorite team’s championship.
Finally,I could __9__ no more and turned off the radio.Silence seemed __10__ to listening to anything else about the crazy,competitive society we live in.I slowed down as I entered a local town and __11__ the people.
__12__ a smiling woman was throwing birdseed into her backyard,a dozen birds flew down to enjoy the __13__ being laid out before them.A young man was __14__ his little daughter safely in his arms.He tickled (胳肢) her __15__ when she pulled the hat off his head and they both laughed.I laughed too as I looked at all of this __16__.Although in my car the radio was __17__,in my heart I was still singing.
__18__,this world could use a little more kindness and a lot less competition.Kindness makes us all __19__ in this life.Your only competition is with __20__:to be the best possible you that you can be.
【語篇解讀】 本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過自己的一次見聞受到這樣的啟發(fā):我們應(yīng)該多一些友善,少一些競爭,以超越自己為目標(biāo),成為更好的自己。
1.A.singing B.dancing
C.listening D.running
答案 A [根據(jù)上文中的“The radio was playing”和下文中的“even my weak voice sounded good”可知,作者跟著音樂唱(singing)了起來。]
2.A.serious B.joyful
C.sorrowful D.popular
答案 B [根據(jù)下文中的“even my weak voice sounded good”和“The sweet sound of the music”可知,歌曲令人感到愉悅(joyful)。serious“嚴(yán)肅的”;sorrowful“悲傷的”;popular“流行的”。]
3.A.disappeared B.struck
C.occurred D.continued
答案 C [根據(jù)“The sweet sound of the music...the alarming news break”可知,不好的事情發(fā)生(occurred)了。disappear“消失”;strike“襲擊”;continue“繼續(xù)”。]
4.A.disturbed B.combined
C.compared D.replaced
答案 D [根據(jù)空前的“The sweet sound of the music ended”和空后的“alarming news break”可知,令作者感到愉快的歌曲被替換成了令人驚恐的新聞,故此處應(yīng)用replaced。be replaced with...“被……替換,更換”。]
5.A.speaker B.announcer
C.singer D.programmer
答案 B [作者在聽收音機(jī),故此處應(yīng)用announcer“(廣播、電視的)廣播員,播音員,節(jié)目主持人”。speaker“演講者”;singer“歌手”;programmer“程序設(shè)計(jì)員”。]
6.A.creative B.representative
C.competitive D.positive
答案 C [根據(jù)上文中的“alarming news break”以及空后一句“The race for the Presidency was getting worse”可判斷,competitive“競爭的”符合語境。最后一段作者感悟時(shí)提及的competition也是提示。creative“創(chuàng)新性的”;representative“典型的,有代表性的”;positive“積極的”。]
7.A.broke out B.broke down
C.broke in D.broke up
答案 A [表示戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、暴力等不愉快事件的爆發(fā),應(yīng)用break out。break down“(機(jī)器)出故障,(健康等)變得衰弱”;break in“破門而入,打斷”;break up“打碎,破碎”。]
8.A.congratulating B.celebrating
C.defending D.promoting
答案 B [此處表示粉絲在慶祝(celebrating)最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)伍獲得冠軍。congratulate“祝賀”;defend“保護(hù)”;promote“促進(jìn)”。]
9.A.ignore B.escape
C.share D.take
答案 D [根據(jù)作者關(guān)掉了收音機(jī)可知,作者再也無法忍受(take)了。]
10.A.comfortable B.appropriate
C.preferable D.pleasant
答案 C [此刻的寧靜比聽任何與這個(gè)瘋狂的、競爭性強(qiáng)的社會(huì)有關(guān)的新聞要好多了。根據(jù)語境以及l(fā)istening前的to可判斷答案為preferable。be preferable to...“比……更好”是固定短語。comfortable“舒適的”;appropriate“適當(dāng)?shù)摹?;pleasant“令人愉快的”。]
11.A.sought B.appreciated
C.visited D.watched
答案 D [根據(jù)下文所描述的內(nèi)容可知,作者觀察(watched)過往的行人。seek“尋找”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;appreciate“欣賞,感激”;visit“拜訪”。]
12.A.While B.Until
C.Before D.After
答案 A [根據(jù)語境可知,婦人往后院撒鳥食時(shí),許多鳥飛了下來,故用While表“正值……之時(shí)(表示一件事是在另一件事發(fā)生過程中的某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的)”。]
13.A.smile B.service
C.feast D.attraction
答案 C [婦人給鳥拋撒的鳥食,對于這些鳥來說,當(dāng)然是一頓盛宴(feast)了。]
14.A.carrying B.tying
C.placing D.dragging
答案 A [carry/hold...in one’s arms是習(xí)慣搭配,表示“將……抱在懷里”。]
15.A.angrily B.gently
C.terribly D.firmly
答案 B [父親對幼小的女兒應(yīng)該充滿慈愛之情,當(dāng)女兒把他的帽子從頭上拉下來時(shí),父親應(yīng)溫柔地(gently)胳肢女兒。angrily“生氣地”;terribly“可怕地”;firmly“堅(jiān)定地”。]
16.A.love B.mess
C.kindness D.phenomenon
答案 C [根據(jù)上文描述的場景和下一段中的“a little more kindness”可判斷選kindness。]
17.A.down B.on
C.out D.off
答案 D [盡管車?yán)锏氖找魴C(jī)被作者關(guān)了,但是作者仍然在心中唱著之前播放的歌曲。根據(jù)上文提到作者關(guān)掉了收音機(jī)可知,應(yīng)選off。]
18.A.In truth B.In theory
C.In brief D.In turn
答案 A [事實(shí)上,這個(gè)世界可以多一些善意,少一些競爭。in truth“事實(shí)上”;in theory“理論上”;in brief“簡言之”;in turn“反過來,轉(zhuǎn)而”。]
19.A.winners B.leaders
C.fighters D.learners
答案 A [友善讓我們每個(gè)人都是生活中的贏家(winners)。根據(jù)下文描述的我們唯一的競爭對手是我們自己,我們要盡可能地做最好的自己,友善地面對人生,成為人生的贏家。]
20.A.society B.yourself
C.oneself D.others
答案 B [本空是全文的主旨所在,也是本文的升華之處,下文中的“to be the best possible you that you can be”暗示此處表示你唯一的競爭對象就是你自己,故選yourself。]

Ⅰ.語法填空
Since childhood,I 1.________ (see) action movies starring Bruce Lee and Jackie Chen,and I was always curious to learn the martial arts(武術(shù)).2.________ there is China,there is kung fu.Once I arrived in China,my dream was 3.________(learn) tai chi and kung fu and master the techniques of martial arts.
After my arrival on campus on the first day,I went for a walk in the early morning.I saw some older people 4.________ (practise) tai chi slowly.I stopped and watched their movements closely.It attracted me,and the very next day at registration time,I rushed to the teacher’s office to choose tai chi as my 5.________(option) course.The following week I was on the grounds early in the morning with my classmates.The teacher told us that tai chi 6.________(favor) for its health benefits.The movement of the body is related 7.________ the yin and yang forces.
The main 8.________ (rule) that the teacher taught us were attitude,discipline(自律) and balance.I was taking every bit of the training 9.________ (serious) and trying to maintain my balance,which was a difficult job.However,as the teacher puts 10.________,our attitude,our willingness and our action will make the impossible possible.And I will do.
【語篇解讀】 本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述的是自己到中國實(shí)現(xiàn)自己兒時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中國功夫的夢想。
1.have seen [自孩提時(shí)代,“我”一直看李小龍和成龍主演的功夫片。since引出的時(shí)間狀語常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。]
2.Where [本句話其實(shí)改編自諺語Where there is a will,there is a way(有志者事竟成)。]
3.to learn [分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作表語,不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可以作表語,但是根據(jù)后面的“and master”可知,and連接并列的非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語,master前省略了to,故本空應(yīng)用不定式。]
4.practising [“我”看見一些老年人正在慢慢地練太極。本句含有“感官動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語some older people與practise是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且根據(jù)后面的“I stopped and watched their movements closely”可知,賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,故用practise的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。]
5.optional [“我”選擇太極作為選修課??仗幾鞫ㄕZ,修飾名詞course,故用形容詞optional“可選擇的,非強(qiáng)制的”。]
6.is favored [tai chi與favor“偏愛,喜愛”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故此處用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。雖然主句用了一般過去時(shí),但是根據(jù)語境可知,賓語從句描述的是客觀事實(shí),故從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。下一句的時(shí)態(tài)也是暗示。]
7.to [be related to...“與……有關(guān)”,是固定搭配,故填介詞to。]
8.rules [老師教給我們的主要規(guī)則是態(tài)度、自律和平衡??仗庯@然要填名詞,但是部分考生一看到前面的“The main”,就以為空處要填單數(shù)名詞,卻忽略了后面的謂語動(dòng)詞是were,所以主語要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。]
9.seriously [修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞,take...seriously“認(rèn)真對待……”。]
10.it [as sb puts it是常用句型,意為“正如某人所說的一樣”。]
Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò)
(2019·太原模擬)Kids exercise all the time without even think of it.Just being active,like when you run around at outside or play basketball at school,is type of exercise.Playing sports,dancing and doing push-ups also counts as exercise.These helped you build your strength.By using your muscles to do powerful things,you can make them strong than before.For teens and adult,this kind of workout can make muscles bigger,either.When you exercise,you’re building a strong body what will be able to move around and do all the stuff you need to do.Try to do more physically exercise every day and your body will thank you later.
答案 
Kids exercise all the time without even of it.Just being active,like when you run around outside or play basketball at school,is type of exercise.Playing sports,dancing and doing push-ups also as exercise.These you build your strength.By using your muscles to do powerful things,you can make them than before.For teens and ,this kind of workout can make muscles bigger,.When you exercise,you’re building a strong body will be able to move around and do all the stuff you need to do.Try to do more exercise every day and your body will thank you later.
Ⅲ.書面表達(dá)
(2019·東北三校聯(lián)考)假設(shè)你叫李華,你的澳洲朋友Devin參加漢語水平考試(HSK)未能通過。請你寫一封信,安慰一下你的朋友。內(nèi)容包括:
1.對考試失利的安慰;
2.對漢語學(xué)習(xí)提出建議。
注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;
3.開頭語已為你寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Devin,
I am sorry to hear that you failed to pass HSK.                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    

                                    
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【參考范文】
Dear__Devin,
I__am__sorry__to__hear__that__you__failed__to__pass__HSK. I hope that the unexpected failure will not let you down,for I have still been amazed by the excellent Chinese you spoke when we first met.
As we know,language learning is never an easy task,but needs painstaking efforts and patience.Personally,I think you’d better pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions,which really count.Meanwhile,you may as well watch more Chinese materials as much as you can afford.More importantly,you should learn from the mistakes that you have made.Anyhow,you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese.A good luck next time.
Sincerely__yours,
Li__Hua

英語朗讀寶
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